Machine tool machining part testing mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection equipment, in particular to a machine tool machining part testing mechanism which comprises an objective table and a rack, a clamping structure used for fixing parts is arranged on the objective table, a first guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the objective table, a second guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the first guide rail, and the first guide rail and the second guide rail are perpendicular to each other. The objective table can transversely slide on the first guide rail, the first guide rail can longitudinally slide on the second guide rail, and the objective table is arranged between the first guide rail and the first guide rail; according to the testing mode, the testing work can be completed when the part continuously rotates, the rotating state of the part does not need to be frequently started and stopped, the detection work is more direct and convenient, the detection mode is simplified, the detection efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the dynamic balance testing is completed through the object self-centering effect. Therefore, the object can automatically find the position of the minimum point of rotation vibration of the object, and the self-balancing effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of detection equipment, and particularly to a testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern manufacturing industry, the quality and performance requirements for mechanical parts are getting higher and higher. Especially in high-speed rotating mechanical equipment such as numerical control machine tools, turbines, engines, etc., the dynamic balance quality is directly related to the operation stability, service life and safety of the equipment. Unbalanced rotating components will cause increased vibration and noise, and may even lead to mechanical failures and safety accidents. The traditional testing method is to fix the part on a turntable and rotate the part and the turntable through a motor. When it is found that the turntable vibrates violently, it is detected that the dynamic balance of the part is unqualified. Then, holes are drilled or weights are added to the part, and it is rotated again to observe whether it vibrates. Then, holes are opened or weights are added at other positions, and this operation is repeated until the part no longer vibrates when rotating. At this time, the dynamic balance test of the part is completed. However, this testing method requires continuous debugging, and its operation is rather cumbersome and the work efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool, and the specific technical solution adopted is as follows: According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool, including a loading platform and a frame. A clamping structure for fixing a part is arranged on the loading platform. A first guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the loading platform, and a second guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the first guide rail. The first guide rail and the second guide rail are perpendicular to each other. The loading platform can slide horizontally on the first guide rail, and the first guide rail can slide longitudinally on the second guide rail. Limiting structures are arranged between the loading platform and the first guide rail, and between the loading platform and the second guide rail. A main motor for providing power for the rotation of the second guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the second guide rail; The main motor is fixed on the frame, and a support ring is arranged at the top of the frame. The second guide rail is rotatably installed on the support ring.

[0004] Further, the limiting structure includes an electromagnetic emitter and a magnet. The electromagnetic emitter is installed on the first guide rail or the second guide rail, and the magnet is installed on the side wall of the loading platform. When the electromagnetic emitter is energized, a repulsive force will be generated between the electromagnetic emitter and the magnet.

[0005] Further, distance measuring instruments are arranged at both ends of the first guide rail and both ends of the second guide rail, and the distance measuring instruments are used to detect the distance between them and the loading platform.

[0006] Further, an adjustment disk is rotatably arranged at the top of the loading platform; The stage is hollow inside, and an auxiliary motor for providing rotational power to the adjustment disk is arranged inside the stage.

[0007] Furthermore, a locking structure is arranged between the stage and the second guide rail. The locking structure is used to lock the position of the stage on the second guide rail when the part rotates in balance. The locking structure includes two rotating columns rotatably installed inside the stage. The two rotating columns are parallel to each other. The two ends of the rotating column pass through the stage and extend outside the stage. Pressing plates are inclined at both ends of the rotating column, and the two pressing plates are coplanar.

[0008] Furthermore, gears are arranged on the outer walls of the rotating columns inside the stage, racks are meshed with the gears, the racks slide in a direction perpendicular to the rotating columns on the horizontal plane, and the two racks are connected by an electromagnetic telescopic rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a slider is slidably arranged inside the stage. The sliding direction of the slider is perpendicular to the moving direction of the rack. Two pull rods are relatively and obliquely rotatably arranged on the slider. The two pull rods are inclined in opposite directions, and the two pull rods are respectively rotatably connected to the two racks.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes a locking ring rotatably installed on the adjustment disk. A transmission wheel is drivingly arranged inside the locking ring. A column is arranged on the transmission wheel. A side pressing plate for pressing the part is arranged on the outer wall of the column. The locking ring and the adjustment disk are tightly connected by a setscrew.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This test method can enable the part to complete the test work while continuously rotating, without frequently starting and stopping the rotating state of the part. Its detection work is more direct and convenient, simplifies the detection method, improves the detection efficiency. At the same time, since the object self-centering effect is utilized to complete the dynamic balance test, the object can automatically find the position of the minimum point of its rotational vibration, achieving the self-balancing effect. Description of the Drawings

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0013] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the exploded structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the stage in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic side-sectional structural diagram of the stage in Figure 5 is Figure 3 a schematic top-sectional structural diagram of the stage in

[0014] Reference numerals: 1. Stage; 2. First guide rail; 3. Second guide rail; 4. Main motor; 5. Frame; 6. Support ring; 7. Electromagnetic emitter; 8. Magnet; 9. Rangefinder; 10. Adjusting disk; 11. Auxiliary motor; 12. Rotating column; 13. Extrusion plate; 14. Gear; 15. Rack; 16. Electromagnetic telescopic rod; 17. Slide block; 18. Pull rod; 19. Locking ring; 20. Driving wheel; 21. Column; 22. Side pressing plate; 23. Set screw. Detailed implementation manners

[0015] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0016] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. This embodiment is written in a progressive manner.

[0018] Such as Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, a testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to the present invention includes a loading platform 1 and a machine frame 5. A clamping structure for fixing parts is provided on the loading platform 1. A first guide rail 2 is provided at the bottom of the loading platform 1, and a second guide rail 3 is provided at the bottom of the first guide rail 2. The first guide rail 2 and the second guide rail 3 are perpendicular to each other. The loading platform 1 can slide horizontally on the first guide rail 2, and the first guide rail 2 can slide longitudinally on the second guide rail 3. Limiting structures are provided between the loading platform 1 and the first guide rail 2, and between the loading platform 1 and the second guide rail 3. A main motor 4 for providing power for the rotation of the second guide rail 3 is provided at the bottom of the second guide rail 3. The main motor 4 is fixed on the machine frame 5, and a support ring 6 is provided at the top of the machine frame 5. The second guide rail 3 is rotatably installed on the support ring 6.

[0019] Specifically, by using the structures of the first guide rail 2 and the second guide rail 3, the loading platform 1 can move in any direction on the horizontal plane. The limiting structure is used to limit the initial position of the loading platform 1. At this time, the center of gravity of the loading platform 1 coincides with the output shaft of the main motor 4, and the output shaft of the main motor 4 is vertical. The machine frame 5 and the support ring 6 are used to support the main motor 4 and the second guide rail 3. During the detection work, the part is fixed on the loading platform 1 through the clamping structure, and the main motor 4 is started. The main motor 4 will drive the second guide rail 3, the first guide rail 2 and the loading platform 1 to rotate synchronously. When the rotation center of gravity of the part deviates from the output shaft of the main motor 4, the part and the loading platform 1 will vibrate. The centrifugal force of the part will cancel out the reaction force of the limiting structure on the loading platform 1. Since the part is in a rotating state, by using the self-aligning effect, that is, when an object rotates, the unbalanced torque will generate a net force in the horizontal direction, and this net force will cause the object to have a small displacement in the support system until the unbalanced torque reaches equilibrium with the reaction force of the support system. At this time, the object will find a relatively stable rotation position to minimize the vibration. Under the action of the limiting structure and its own centrifugal force, the part will gradually tend to the position where the vibration of the part is the smallest, and the center of gravity of the overall structure of the part, the loading platform 1, the first guide rail 2 and the second guide rail 3 will gradually tend to the axis position of the output shaft of the main motor 4, and the part will stop vibrating. At this time, the loading platform 1 and the first guide rail 2 will generate displacement on the second guide rail 3. By using the displacement amount of the loading platform 1 and the first guide rail 2 on the horizontal plane and the masses of the loading platform 1 and the first guide rail 2, the eccentric moment can be calculated. Through this eccentric moment, the unbalanced moment of the part during the dynamic balance test can be calculated, thereby completing the test work of the part. This test method can complete the test work while the part is continuously rotating without frequently starting and stopping the rotation state of the part. Its detection work is more direct and convenient, simplifies the detection method, improves the detection efficiency. At the same time, since the dynamic balance test is completed by using the self-aligning effect of the object, the object can automatically find the position with the smallest rotation vibration, achieving the self-balancing effect.

[0020] Further, the limiting structure includes an electromagnetic emitter 7 and a magnet 8. The electromagnetic emitter 7 is installed on the first guide rail 2 or the second guide rail 3, and the magnet 8 is installed on the side wall of the carrier table 1. When the electromagnetic emitter 7 is powered on, a repulsive force will be generated between the electromagnetic emitter 7 and the magnet 8.

[0021] Specifically, in the initial state, by using the four groups of limiting structures on the left and right sides and the front and back sides of the carrier table 1, the carrier table 1 can be positioned at the center points of the first guide rail 2 and the second guide rail 3. At this time, the center of gravity of the carrier table 1 coincides with the output axis of the main motor 4, thereby realizing the initial positioning of the carrier table 1. Specifically, by powering on the electromagnetic emitter 7, a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnetic emitter 7 and the magnet 8. In two sets of opposite limiting structures, the carrier table 1 will finally stop at the balance point position of the two repulsive forces. When the part rotates, due to the imbalance of the part, the carrier table 1 will displace on the first guide rail 2 and the second guide rail 3. At this time, the repulsive force between the electromagnetic emitter 7 and the magnet 8 in the mutually approaching limiting structures will increase. This repulsive force can be regarded as the reaction force of the limiting structure on the carrier table 1. As the carrier table 1 and the part rotate, the part will find a relatively stable rotation position, minimizing the vibration. At this time, the position where the part is located is the dynamic balance measurement force arm position.

[0022] Further, distance measuring instruments 9 are provided at both ends of the first guide rail 2 and both ends of the second guide rail 3. The distance measuring instruments 9 are used to detect the distance between them and the carrier table 1.

[0023] Specifically, by setting the distance measuring instruments 9, the offset of the carrier table 1 on the first guide rail 2 or the second guide rail 3 can be detected, thereby detecting the displacement and moving direction of the carrier table 1 in the horizontal direction.

[0024] Further, an adjustment disk 10 is rotatably provided on the top of the carrier table 1; The interior of the carrier table 1 is hollow, and an auxiliary motor 11 for providing rotational power for the adjustment disk 10 is provided inside the carrier table 1.

[0025] Specifically, the adjustment disk 10 is used to carry the part. When the part rotates in balance, the carrier table 1 will displace in both the direction of the first guide rail 2 and the direction of the second guide rail 3, that is, the moving direction of the carrier table 1 is along the included angle direction between the first guide rail 2 and the second guide rail 3. At this time, it is easy to generate errors in the measurement and calculation of the force arm of the moving position of the carrier table 1. By rotating the adjustment disk 10 with the auxiliary motor 11, the offset direction of the carrier table 1 is oriented towards the direction of the first guide rail 2 or the second guide rail 3, so that the deviation of the force arm length of the carrier table 1 can be calculated more intuitively, improving the detection accuracy.

[0026] Further, a locking structure is provided between the carrier table 1 and the second guide rail 3. The locking structure is used to lock the position of the carrier table 1 on the second guide rail 3 when the part rotates to balance. The locking structure includes two rotating columns 12 rotatably installed in the carrier table 1. The two rotating columns 12 are parallel to each other. Both ends of the rotating column 12 pass through the carrier table 1 and extend beyond the carrier table 1. Extrusion plates 13 are inclined at both ends of the rotating column 12, and the two extrusion plates 13 are coplanar.

[0027] Specifically, when the part rotates to balance, rotate the rotating column 12. The rotating column 12 will drive the extrusion plate 13 to rotate. The end of the extrusion plate 13 away from the rotating column 12 will approach the upper surface of the second guide rail 3 and squeeze and contact each other. At this time, the extrusion plate 13 limits the position of the carrier table 1 on the second guide rail 3. And using this limitation, the first guide rail 2 also cannot slide on the second guide rail 3, thereby realizing the fixing work of the carrier table 1 on the water surface and facilitating the locking of the measurement position.

[0028] It should be noted here that for convenient detection, the offset direction of the carrier table 1 can be along the length direction of the second guide rail 3 by rotating the adjustment disk 10.

[0029] Further, a gear 14 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating column 12 in the carrier table 1. A rack 15 is meshed with the gear 14. The rack 15 slides in a direction perpendicular to the rotating column 12 on the horizontal plane. The two racks 15 are connected by an electromagnetic telescopic rod 16.

[0030] Specifically, in the natural state, the electromagnetic telescopic rod 16 is in the extended state. When the electromagnetic telescopic rod 16 is energized, the electromagnetic telescopic rod 16 contracts and pulls the two racks 15 closer to each other. At this time, the two racks 15 will drive the two rotating columns 12 to rotate through the two gears 14, and the two rotating columns 12 will drive the extrusion plates 13 thereon to rotate and fit with the second guide rail 3.

[0031] Further, a slider 17 is slidably arranged in the carrier table 1. The sliding direction of the slider 17 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the rack 15. Two pull rods 18 are relatively and obliquely rotatably arranged on the slider 17. The two pull rods 18 have opposite inclination directions, and the two pull rods 18 are respectively rotatably connected to the two racks 15.

[0032] Specifically, when one rack 15 moves, it will push the slider 17 to move through the pull rod 18. The slider 17 will drive the other slider 17 to move through the other pull rod 18, thereby enabling the two racks 15 to move relatively synchronously, facilitating the synchronous movement of the extrusion plates 13 on the two rotating columns 12, and avoiding the situation where only the extrusion plate 13 on one rotating column 12 contacts the second guide rail 3 while the other rotating column 12 is unloaded and the extrusion plate 13 cannot provide an effective extrusion force to the second guide rail 3.

[0033] Further, the clamping structure includes a locking ring 19 rotatably mounted on the adjustment disk 10. A transmission wheel 20 is arranged inside the locking ring 19 in a transmission manner. A column 21 is arranged on the transmission wheel 20. A side pressing plate 22 for extruding a part is arranged on the outer wall of the column 21. The locking ring 19 and the adjustment disk 10 are tightly connected through a setscrew 23.

[0034] Specifically, when the locking ring 19 rotates, it drives a plurality of columns 21 and a plurality of side pressing plates 22 to rotate synchronously through a plurality of transmission wheels 20. The plurality of side pressing plates 22 will move synchronously towards or away from the axis of the adjustment disk 10. When the part is placed on the adjustment disk 10, rotate the locking ring 19, and the plurality of side pressing plates 22 will move towards the outer wall of the part and extrude and fix the part. Then, use the setscrew 23 to lock the locking ring 19 on the adjustment disk 10, thereby completing the fixing work of the part. It should be noted here that in the natural state, the axis of the adjustment disk 10 coincides with the output axis of the main motor 4.

[0035] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool, characterized in that, It includes a stage (1) and a frame (5). A clamping structure for fixing parts is provided on the stage (1). A first guide rail (2) is provided at the bottom of the stage (1). A second guide rail (3) is provided at the bottom of the first guide rail (2). The first guide rail (2) and the second guide rail (3) are perpendicular to each other. The stage (1) can slide horizontally on the first guide rail (2), and the first guide rail (2) can slide longitudinally on the second guide rail (3). Limiting structures are provided between the stage (1) and the first guide rail (2), and between the stage (1) and the second guide rail (3). A main motor (4) for providing power for the rotation of the second guide rail (3) is provided at the bottom of the second guide rail (3). The main motor (4) is fixed on the frame (5). A support ring (6) is provided at the top of the frame (5). The second guide rail (3) is rotatably installed on the support ring (6).

2. The testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein, The limiting structure includes an electromagnetic emitter (7) and a magnet (8). The electromagnetic emitter (7) is installed on the first guide rail (2) or the second guide rail (3). The magnet (8) is installed on the side wall of the stage (1). When the electromagnetic emitter (7) is powered on, a repulsive force will be generated between the electromagnetic emitter (7) and the magnet (8).

3. The testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, Range finders (9) are provided at both ends of the first guide rail (2) and both ends of the second guide rail (3). The range finders (9) are used to detect the distance between them and the stage (1).

4. The testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, An adjustment disk (10) is rotatably provided at the top of the stage (1). The inside of the stage (1) is hollow, and an auxiliary motor (11) for providing rotational power for the adjustment disk (10) is provided inside the stage (1).

5. The testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 4, wherein A locking structure is provided between the stage (1) and the second guide rail (3). The locking structure is used to lock the position of the stage (1) on the second guide rail (3) when the part rotates to balance. The locking structure includes two rotating columns (12) rotatably installed inside the stage (1). The two rotating columns (12) are parallel to each other. The two ends of the rotating column (12) pass through the stage (1) and extend outside the stage (1). Pressing plates (13) are inclined at both ends of the rotating column (12). The two pressing plates (13) are coplanar.

6. The testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, A gear (14) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating column (12) inside the stage (1). A rack (15) is meshed with the gear (14). The rack (15) slides in a direction perpendicular to the rotating column (12) on the horizontal plane. The two racks (15) are connected by an electromagnetic telescopic rod (16).

7. The testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, A slider (17) is slidably provided inside the stage (1). The sliding direction of the slider (17) is perpendicular to the moving direction of the rack (15). Two pull rods (18) are relatively and obliquely rotatably provided on the slider (17). The inclination directions of the two pull rods (18) are opposite. The two pull rods (18) are respectively rotatably connected to the two racks (15).

8. A testing mechanism for machining parts of a machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The clamping structure includes a locking ring (19) rotatably mounted on an adjustment disk (10). A transmission wheel (20) is arranged inside the locking ring (19) in a transmission manner. A column (21) is arranged on the transmission wheel (20). A side pressing plate (22) for extruding a part is arranged on the outer wall of the column (21). The locking ring (19) and the adjustment disk (10) are tightly connected by a setscrew (23).

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