Operation control system and method of tidal current energy power station

Abstract

The invention provides an operation control system and method for a tidal current energy power station, and relates to the technical field of power station operation control. The operation control system comprises an acquisition terminal, a control terminal and an execution assembly, the acquisition terminal is arranged in a target sea area where the power station is located, the acquisition terminal is used for acquiring seawater flowing data of the target sea area, and the seawater flowing data comprises the flowing speed and the flowing direction of seawater in the target sea area; the control terminal judges whether the generator set has abnormal frequency band noise in a future power generation period or not according to the seawater flow data and the current operation parameters of the generator set; and the execution assembly is arranged on the generator set and is used for adjusting operation parameters of the generator set under the control of the control terminal when the generator set has abnormal frequency band noise in a future power generation period. Operation noise such as mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise during operation of the power station can be reduced, and environmental noise pollution to a target sea area during operation of the power station is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power station operation control, and particularly relates to an operation control system and method for a tidal current power station. Background Art

[0002] A tidal current power station is a power station that generates electricity by using the tidal current energy of the ocean. Compared with traditional fossil energy power generation, it has significant advantages such as no pollution and rich reserves. However, during the operation of a tidal current power station, noise pollution has become a problem that cannot be ignored. The noise generated by the power station includes electrical noise, mechanical noise, etc. Various noises pollute the ecological environment around the power station, affect the normal activities of marine organisms, for example, interfere with the sonar communication of marine mammals, and may also have a negative impact on the behavior and reproduction of fish. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an operation control system and method for a tidal current power station, which is used to solve problems such as how to reduce the marine noise pollution of a tidal current power station. When the power station generates electricity based on tidal current energy, it can make the operation noises such as mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise during the operation of the power station less, thereby reducing the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power station.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect, the present invention provides an operation control system for a tidal current power station. The power station includes at least one generator set, and the generator set includes a rotor and a plurality of blades installed on the rotor; The system includes: An acquisition terminal, which is arranged in the target sea area where the power station is located. The acquisition terminal is used to obtain the seawater flow data of the target sea area, where the seawater flow data includes the flow velocity and the flow direction; A control terminal, which is connected to the acquisition terminal. The control terminal is used to judge whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operation parameters of the generator set; An execution component, which is connected to the control terminal. The execution component is arranged on the generator set. The execution component is used to adjust the operation parameters of the generator set under the control of the control terminal when there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period, so as to reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power station. According to an operation control system for a tidal current power station provided by the present invention, the operation parameters of the generator set include the rotor speed of the generator set and the angle at which the blades are installed on the rotor; The execution component includes: At least one power generation speed regulator, each power generation speed regulator is installed on a corresponding generator set, the power generation speed regulator is connected to the control terminal, and the power generation speed regulator is used to adjust the rotor speed of the generator set under the control of the control terminal; A plurality of angle regulators, each angle regulator is connected to a corresponding blade of the generator set, the angle regulator is connected to the control terminal, and the angle regulator is used to adjust the angle at which the blade is installed on the rotor under the control of the control terminal.

[0005] According to an operation control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, the control terminal is specifically used for: Inputting the seawater flow data into a preset speed prediction model to obtain a speed prediction curve of the rotor; Obtaining the predicted speed of the rotor of the generator set under the current operating parameters according to the speed prediction curve, obtaining the speed prediction deviation of the rotor under the current operating parameters according to the deviation between the predicted speed and the actual speed of the rotor, thereby correcting the speed prediction curve, and obtaining the actual speed curve of the rotor of the generator set in the future power generation period; Obtaining a noise output curve of the generator set according to the operating noise of the generator set under the actual speed curve of the rotor, wherein the noise output curve is a curve of the operating noise of the generator set changing with the power generation time; When the deviation between the noise output curve and the environmental noise curve is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set in the future power generation period, wherein the environmental noise curve is a noise curve of the target sea area under the current natural environment.

[0006] According to an operation control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, the control terminal is specifically used for: Adjusting the rotor speed of the generator set according to the operating noise of the generator set in the future power generation period, thereby adjusting the power generation power of the generator set to obtain a power adjustment curve; wherein, the power adjustment curve is a curve of the adjusted power generation power changing with the power generation time; Controlling the power generation speed regulator to change the rotor speed of the generator set and / or the angle regulator to adjust the angle at which the blade is installed on the rotor according to the power adjustment curve and the power change rate limit value when adjusting the operating parameters of the generator set.

[0007] According to an operation control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, it further includes: A monitoring terminal, which is arranged in the target sea area, the monitoring terminal is connected to the control terminal, and the monitoring terminal is used to monitor whether there is an exploration signal in the target sea area; wherein, the exploration signal is a signal emitted by an ocean exploration device when performing an exploration task in the target sea area; The control terminal is further configured to control the execution component to adjust the operating parameters of the generator set when an exploration signal exists in the target sea area, so as to reduce the interference of the operating noise of the generator set on the exploration task of the marine exploration equipment.

[0008] According to an operating control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, the control terminal is further specifically configured to: Adjust the power generation power of the generator set according to a power adjustment curve, so that the frequency difference between the frequency of the operating noise of the generator set and the frequency of the exploration signal is greater than a second preset value.

[0009] According to an operating control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, the generator set further includes at least one flywheel energy storage unit; The system further includes: At least one energy storage speed regulator, each energy storage speed regulator is installed on the corresponding flywheel energy storage unit, the energy storage speed regulator is connected to the control terminal, and the energy storage speed regulator is used to adjust the speed of the flywheel energy storage unit under the control of the control terminal. According to an operating control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, the acquisition terminal includes: At least one differential pressure flowmeter, installed in the target sea area, the differential pressure flowmeter is used to output a first flow velocity according to the pressure difference at different positions in the target sea area; At least one Doppler velocimeter, installed in the target sea area, the Doppler velocimeter is used to emit a laser signal to the target sea area and output a second flow velocity according to the scattering result of the laser signal; At least one Doppler current profiler, installed in the target sea area, the Doppler current profiler is used to emit an ultrasonic signal to the target sea area and output a third flow velocity and a flow direction according to the change in the scattering frequency of the ultrasonic signal; A processor, connected to the differential pressure flowmeter, the Doppler velocimeter and the Doppler current profiler, the processor is used to perform fusion calculation processing according to the first flow velocity, the second flow velocity and the third flow velocity, and output a flow velocity.

[0010] According to an operating control system of a tidal current power generation station provided by the present invention, the processor is specifically used for: Obtain a first weight of the first flow velocity, a second weight of the second flow velocity and a third weight of the third flow velocity according to the first flow velocity, the second flow velocity, the third flow velocity and a preset weight correspondence relationship; According to the expression to obtain the flow velocity, wherein, is the flow velocity, is the first flow velocity, is the first weight, is the second flow velocity, is the second weight, is the third flow rate, is the third weight, .

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an operation control method for a tidal current power generation station, which adopts the operation control system of the tidal current power generation station in the first aspect. The method includes: The acquisition terminal obtains the seawater flow data of the target sea area; The control terminal determines whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operation parameters of the generator set; When there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period, the control terminal controls the execution component to adjust the operation parameters of the generator set to reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power generation station.

[0012] The operation control system and method of the tidal current power generation station of the present invention at least have the following technical effects: The present invention provides an operation control system and method for a tidal current power generation station. The operation control system includes an acquisition terminal, a control terminal, and an execution component. The acquisition terminal is arranged in the target sea area where the power generation station is located, and the acquisition terminal is used to obtain the seawater flow data of the target sea area; the control terminal determines whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operation parameters of the generator set; the execution component is used to adjust the operation parameters of the generator set under the control of the control terminal when there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period. The present invention can adjust the operation state of the power generation station based on the seawater flow data when the power generation station generates power based on tidal current, change the generation conditions of abnormal noise during the operation of the power generation station, make the operation noises such as mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise during the operation of the power generation station less, and thus reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power generation station. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0014] In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation control system of the tidal current power generation station of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the seabed layout of the tidal current power generation station of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flowchart of the operation control method of the tidal current power generation station of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a logical schematic diagram of the operation control method for the tidal current power generation station of the present invention.

[0015] Reference numerals: 1 - Acquisition terminal, 2 - Control terminal, 3 - Execution component; 11 - Generator set, 12 - Blade, 13 - Power generation speed regulator, 14 - Angle regulator, 15 - Flywheel energy storage unit, 16 - Energy storage speed regulator, 17 - Energy storage battery pack, 18 - Outer shell. Specific embodiments

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] The following will describe in detail some embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an operation control system for a tidal current power generation station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The operation control system includes an acquisition terminal 1, a control terminal 2 and an execution component 3. The control terminal 2 is connected to the acquisition terminal 1, and the execution component 3 is connected to the control terminal 2.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tidal current power generation station arranged on the seabed. The tidal current power generation station includes at least one generator set 11 and an energy storage battery pack 17. The electric energy output by the generator set 11 is output to the power grid and / or the energy storage battery pack 17 through a cable laid on the seabed. The outside of the energy storage battery pack 17 is covered with an outer shell 18 and installed on the seabed to prevent the energy storage battery pack 17 from being corroded by seawater.

[0020] The acquisition terminal 1 is used to obtain the seawater flow data of the target sea area. The seawater flow data includes the flow velocity and the flow direction. The flow velocity represents the flow velocity of the seawater in the target sea area, and the flow direction represents the flow direction of the seawater in the target sea area. The acquisition terminal 1 is set in the target sea area where the power station is located. The target sea area is the sea area where the power station is arranged. The scope of the target sea area can be determined based on the influence of the seawater flow in the sea area on the output power of the power station. For example, collect the seawater flow data at multiple locations in the sea area where the power station is arranged, establish a mathematical model using principles such as marine dynamics and fluid mechanics, input the collected seawater flow data into the mathematical model, simulate the movement of ocean currents under different working conditions, analyze the positions where the seawater energy is relatively concentrated, and the relationship between the seawater flow at these positions and the power generation power of the power station. Determine the boundary points of the target sea area based on the positions with a greater degree of relationship, and determine the scope formed by all the boundary points as the target sea area.

[0021] The control terminal 2 can be configured as an industrial computer or a control server, etc. The control terminal 2 is used to judge whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set 11 during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operating parameters of the generator set 11. The current operating parameters represent the current operating conditions of the generator set 11, and can be characterized by parameters such as the power generation power and the rotor speed of the generator set 11 at the current moment. The abnormal frequency band noise is the noise that has an impact on the ecological environment of the target sea area. The abnormal frequency band noise is different from the normal environmental sound of the ocean, and includes characteristics such as sound wave frequency, sound wave intensity and periodicity. When judging the abnormal frequency band noise, it can be determined whether there is abnormal frequency band noise through the power generation power and the rotor speed of the generator set 11. For example, construct a noise prediction model based on the experimental test data or on-site operation data of the power station. The noise prediction model can be configured as a convolutional neural network model. Input the seawater flow data and the current operating parameters representing the current operating conditions into the noise prediction model, and obtain the noise spectrum of the generator set 11 during the future power generation period through the output result of the noise prediction model. If the noise frequency or noise intensity represented by the noise spectrum has an impact on the ecological environment of the target sea area, it is determined that there is abnormal frequency band noise during the future power generation period.

[0022] The execution component 3 is arranged on the generator set 11 of the power station. The execution component 3 is used to adjust the operating parameters of the generator set 11 under the control of the control terminal 2 when there is abnormal frequency band noise in the future power generation period of the generator set 11, that is, to perform an operation adjustment task on the generator set 11, so as to reduce the operating noise of the generator set 11, and finally reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power station. The execution component 3 can be a separately configured coil winding on the generator set 11. The coil winding is coaxially arranged with the power generation winding, and there is no need for extra space to install an independent execution component 3, making the structure of the entire generator set 11 more compact and facilitating the arrangement on the generator set 11 at the bottom of the ocean.

[0023] Specifically, the generator set 11 includes a rotor and a plurality of blades 12 installed on the rotor. The rotor includes a rotating shaft and a power generation winding coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft. When the generator set 11 operates, such as when a water turbine driven by tidal energy drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the power generation winding coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft and the separately configured coil winding also rotate together. The power generation winding cuts magnetic induction lines in a magnetic field to generate electric energy, and the separately configured coil winding can, according to specific functional requirements, be connected to an external circuit or device to achieve specific execution functions. For example, if the coil winding is connected to a control circuit, when a specific control signal is input, the coil winding can generate an additional magnetic field, and this magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field generated by the power generation winding, thereby adjusting the output characteristics (such as voltage, frequency, rotational speed, etc.) of the generator set 11.

[0024] Specifically, the acquisition terminal 1 can be configured as an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). It uses the acoustic Doppler effect to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals, measures the frequency change caused by the movement of seawater when the ultrasonic wave propagates in seawater, and thereby calculates the flow velocity and flow direction of seawater at different depths. Of course, it can also be configured as other sensors capable of collecting seawater flow data, such as a differential pressure flowmeter, an electromagnetic current meter, etc., as long as it can collect the seawater flow data of the target sea area, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0025] In practical applications, when sensors or measuring instruments measure the flow velocity of the target sea area, due to the influence of factors such as temperature, the accuracy of the collected flow velocity is insufficient. Based on this, in a specific implementation manner, the acquisition terminal 1 includes at least one differential pressure flowmeter, at least one Doppler velocimeter, at least one Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, and a processor. The differential pressure flowmeter, Doppler velocimeter, and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler are all installed in the target sea area, and the differential pressure flowmeter, Doppler velocimeter, and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler are all connected to the processor.

[0026] It should be noted that when arranging differential pressure current meters, Doppler velocimeters and Doppler current profilers in the target sea area, they can be arranged at intervals near the generator set 11. Since the Doppler velocimeter and the Doppler current profiler need to emit laser and ultrasonic waves, brackets can be set to install the Doppler velocimeter and the Doppler current profiler so that they emit laser and ultrasonic waves towards the seabed, that is, the laser emission window and the ultrasonic emission window are arranged downward to reduce the deposition of impurities and sludge in seawater on the instruments.

[0027] The differential pressure current meter is used to output the first flow velocity according to the pressure difference at different positions in the target sea area; the Doppler velocimeter is used to emit laser signals to the target sea area and output the second flow velocity according to the scattering result of the laser signals; the Doppler current profiler is used to emit ultrasonic signals to the target sea area and output the third flow velocity and the flow direction according to the change of the scattering frequency of the ultrasonic signals; the processor is used to perform fusion calculation processing according to the first flow velocity, the second flow velocity and the third flow velocity, and output the flow velocity.

[0028] When performing the fusion calculation processing of multiple flow velocities, the first weight of the first flow velocity, the second weight of the second flow velocity and the third weight of the third flow velocity can be obtained according to the first flow velocity, the second flow velocity, the third flow velocity and the preset weight correspondence; further according to the formula , the flow velocity is obtained , where is the first flow velocity, is the first weight, is the second flow velocity, is the second weight, is the third flow velocity, is the third weight, = 1. The weight correspondence is the correspondence between different flow velocities and weights. The weight correspondence can be established based on the experience of technical personnel or based on the data obtained from calibration experiments, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0029] It should be noted that in the fusion calculation of multiple flow velocities, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the physical characteristics, error sources, and complementary advantages of each sensor. For example, the differential pressure flowmeter is greatly affected by the change in seawater temperature, and it is necessary to consider the influence of temperature change on its acquisition accuracy, especially the significant influence of the high-temperature environment in summer; while the Doppler velocimeter measures the flow velocity by emitting laser signals, and the turbidity of seawater affects the laser scattering. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the second flow velocity collected by the Doppler velocimeter based on the turbidity of seawater; the Doppler current profiler needs to consider the influence on its acquisition accuracy at different temperatures. Therefore, the operation control system further includes a temperature sensor and a turbidity sensor, both of which are arranged in the target sea area to collect the seawater temperature and seawater turbidity of the target sea area respectively. The calculation methods of each flow velocity and the corresponding weights will be specifically described based on the above analysis, including: First step, synchronously sample the differential pressure flowmeter, Doppler velocimeter, and Doppler current profiler at the same moment based on a preset period to obtain the first flow velocity , the second flow velocity , the third flow velocity and the flow direction . And obtain the seawater temperature and seawater turbidity of the target sea area through the temperature sensor and the turbidity sensor respectively.

[0030] Second step, determine the first weight according to the flow direction and seawater temperature. If there is a large difference between the flow direction and the measurement direction of the differential pressure flowmeter, it indicates that there is a large impact on the accuracy of the first flow velocity measured by the differential pressure flowmeter, and the value of the first weight should be reduced. The direction deviation is inversely proportional to the value of the first weight, and the direction deviation is the deviation between the flow direction and the measurement direction of the differential pressure flowmeter; similarly, there is a great relationship between seawater temperature and the measurement accuracy of both the differential pressure flowmeter and the Doppler current profiler. A calibration experiment can be carried out based on this change relationship to obtain the first corresponding relationship between seawater temperature and the first weight, and the first weight can be queried from the first corresponding relationship through the current seawater temperature during the fusion calculation.

[0031] Third step, determine the second weight according to the seawater turbidity. When the seawater turbidity is high, there are more suspended particles in the water, the scattering of laser light is enhanced, and some light beams may be absorbed or refracted, resulting in an increase in measurement error. Therefore, when the turbidity is high, the weight of the laser Doppler velocimeter should be reduced, and the second corresponding relationship can be obtained based on this change relationship, and then the second weight can be determined. <opposite

[0032] Step 4: Determine the third weight comprehensively based on the seawater temperature and seawater turbidity. Temperature has a great influence on the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves. A temperature compensation algorithm can be used to correct the sound speed, improve the measurement accuracy, and thus reduce the error caused by temperature changes. The propagation of ultrasonic waves in water is affected by the scattering and absorption of particulate matter. An appropriate amount of suspended particles helps to improve the quality of ultrasonic echo signals (enhance the Doppler effect), but if the turbidity is too high, it may lead to an increase in ultrasonic attenuation and thus reduce the measurement accuracy. Therefore, in an extremely turbid environment, the weight of ultrasonic measurement should be reduced, while in a moderately turbid environment, its weight can be increased. Based on the above corresponding change characteristics, a third corresponding relationship is obtained. The third corresponding relationship is the corresponding relationship among seawater temperature, seawater turbidity, and the third weight. Based on the current seawater temperature and current seawater turbidity of the target sea area, the value of the third weight is determined in the third corresponding relationship.

[0033] The generator set 11 operates under the driving force of tidal current energy. There are various noises during the operation process, including the mechanical noise emitted by the rotating shaft of the generator set 11 and the electromagnetic noise during the power generation process. At the same time, there is also hydrodynamic noise during the rotation of the blade 12. For example, when the angle of attack between the blade 12 and the seawater is too large, the power generation efficiency will be reduced and turbulent noise will be generated. If noise reduction is implemented only from a single dimension, the ideal noise reduction effect cannot be achieved. Based on this, in a specific implementation manner, the execution component 3 includes at least one power generation speed regulator 13 and multiple angle regulators 14.

[0034] The number of the power generation speed regulators 13 can be adapted based on the number of the generator sets 11 in the power station. Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , and each power generation speed regulator 13 is installed on the corresponding generator set 11, so that each generator set 11 is provided with a corresponding power generation speed regulator 13. The controlled end of the power generation speed regulator 13 is connected to the control terminal 2. The power generation speed regulator 13 is used to adjust the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11 under the control of the control terminal 2. Each angle regulator 14 is connected to the corresponding blade 12 of the generator set 11. The controlled end of the angle regulator 14 is connected to the control terminal 2. The angle regulator 14 is used to adjust the connection angle of the blade 12 under the control of the control terminal 2. The connection angle refers to the angle at which the blade 12 is installed on the rotor, that is, the angle of the root of the blade 12 relative to the circumferential tangent direction of the rotor. The connection angle affects the relative angle of attack between the blade 12 and the seawater, and thus determines the force, rotational speed, and hydrodynamic performance of the blade 12. Adjusting the connection angle can optimize the power generation efficiency and reduce abnormal noise. It can be understood that multiple annularly arranged blades 12 are installed on the rotor of a single generator set 11, and the seawater pushes the blades 12 to make them rotate, and the rotor cuts the magnetic induction line to generate electricity.

[0035] Furthermore, due to the frequency difference between the mechanical noise generated by the rotation of the shaft of the power generation unit 11 and the hydrodynamic noise generated by the rotation of the blades 12, the type of noise existing in the power generation unit 11 during the future power generation period can be determined through noise spectrum analysis. If the noise type is mechanical noise, the rotational speed of the rotor of the power generation unit 11 during the future power generation period is adjusted, specifically including increasing the speed in advance or decreasing the speed; if the noise type is hydrodynamic noise, the connection angle of the blades 12 is adjusted to reduce the hydrodynamic noise generated by the blades 12 during the future power generation period.

[0036] Since the main function of the power station is to generate electricity based on tidal energy, when performing noise reduction control on the power station, the impact on power generation efficiency also needs to be considered. An optimization model with power generation efficiency and noise suppression as the objectives can be established, requiring maximizing power generation efficiency and minimizing the operating noise, and weighing and optimizing the two. Optimization calculations can be performed based on the optimization function of the optimization model to obtain the adjustment parameters corresponding to the power generation speed regulator 13 and the angle regulator 14 respectively.

[0037] Specifically, the optimization function can be configured according to actual needs. For example, it can be configured as a genetic algorithm function for iterative optimization, or it can be configured as a gradient descent algorithm for gradient optimization. Taking the optimization of the rotational speed of the rotor of the power generation unit 11 and the connection angle of the blades 12 through the genetic algorithm as an example, the optimization process can be divided into the following steps to ensure both improving power generation efficiency and reducing operating noise.

[0038] First step, set the rotational speed of the rotor of the power generation unit 11 to the first adjustment interval and set the connection angle of the blades 12 to the second adjustment interval. Within these two adjustment intervals, values are taken at a certain interval to form multiple parameter combinations. These parameter combinations constitute the initial population of the genetic algorithm, and each population individual corresponds to a combination of a rotational speed and a connection angle.

[0039] Second step, evaluate each combination, calculate its power generation efficiency and operating noise, and the corresponding noise suppression can be obtained through the operating noise under different combinations. In order to weigh the importance of the two during the optimization process, different weights are assigned to the power generation efficiency and the operating noise respectively to calculate the comprehensive optimization result of each combination. The setting of the weights can be adjusted according to actual needs. For example, in some cases, more attention is paid to power generation efficiency, while in ecologically sensitive areas, more emphasis may be placed on reducing noise.

[0040] Third step, utilize the optimization mechanism of the genetic algorithm to perform selection, crossover, and mutation on the initial population, and continuously screen out parameter combinations with better optimization effects. After multiple rounds of iteration, the rotational speed and connection angle that make the comprehensive optimization result reach the maximum value are found.

[0041] In the fourth step, determine the optimal parameter combination as the target value for implementation and adjustment, and adjust the operating parameters of the generator set 11 through the control terminal 2, so as to control the noise level within a reasonable range while ensuring efficient power generation.

[0042] During the process of power generation by the tidal energy power station, with the flow of seawater, the output power of the power station has corresponding fluctuations. To enable the power station to have better transient energy storage, at least one flywheel energy storage unit 15 and a super capacitor are both connected to the generator set 11. The flywheel energy storage unit 15 is used to convert the electrical energy output by the generator set 11 into mechanical energy. During the energy storage process of the flywheel energy storage unit 15, mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise will also exist. Based on this, in a specific implementation manner, the operation control system further includes at least one energy storage speed regulator 16. The number of the energy storage speed regulators 16 is determined based on the number of the flywheel energy storage units 15, and the two are set to have the same number.

[0043] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , each energy storage speed regulator 16 is installed on the corresponding flywheel energy storage unit 15. The controlled end of the energy storage speed regulator 16 is connected to the control terminal 2. The energy storage speed regulator 16 is used to adjust the speed of the flywheel energy storage unit 15 under the control of the control terminal 2. It is possible to determine whether the flywheel energy storage unit 15 will generate abnormal frequency band noise during the future power generation period based on the remaining power (SOC, State of Charge) of the energy storage battery pack 17 and the current speed of the flywheel energy storage unit 15. If there is abnormal frequency band noise, the speed of the flywheel energy storage unit 15 is adjusted through the energy storage speed regulator 16 to reduce its noise pollution to the marine environment.

[0044] It should be noted that the power generation speed regulator 13, the angle regulator 14, and the energy storage speed regulator 16 can all be configured as AC motors to directly utilize the electrical energy output by the tidal energy power station for implementation and adjustment. This method does not require additional DC conversion equipment, can reduce power conversion losses, and improve the utilization rate of electrical energy. At the same time, the AC motor has better dynamic response characteristics and can quickly adjust the rotor speed of the generator set 11, the speed of the flywheel energy storage unit 15, and the connection angle of the blades 12, enabling the generator set 11 and the energy storage system (including the energy storage battery pack 17 and the flywheel energy storage unit 15) to quickly respond to changes in the tidal environment, thereby optimizing the power generation efficiency, reducing the operating noise of the power station, and having lower maintenance costs.

[0045] All kinds of resources in the ocean are abundant. To detect the distribution of ocean resources, exploration tasks need to be carried out through ocean exploration equipment, including sonar mapping and marine biological detection. If the operating noise of the generator set 11 is similar to the exploration signal frequency, it may lead to data distortion, a decrease in detection accuracy, and even affect the normal operation of the exploration equipment. Based on this, in a specific implementation, the operation control system further includes a monitoring terminal, which can be a hydrophone, a Doppler acoustic detection device, etc.

[0046] The monitoring terminal is set in the target sea area where the power station is located. The monitoring terminal is connected to the control terminal 2. The monitoring terminal is used to monitor whether there is an exploration signal in the target sea area. Among them, the exploration signal is the signal emitted by the ocean exploration equipment when performing exploration tasks in the target sea area. The control terminal 2 is also used to control the execution component 3 to adjust the operating parameters of the generator set 11 when there is an exploration signal in the target sea area, so as to reduce the interference of the operating noise of the generator set 11 on the exploration tasks of the ocean exploration equipment. The operating parameters of the generator set 11 include the rotor speed of the generator set 11, the connection angle of the blade 12, etc. Reducing the rotor speed of the generator set 11 can reduce eddy current noise and mechanical vibration noise. On the premise of ensuring the basic power generation requirements, gradually reduce the rotor speed below the noise threshold. By controlling the connection angle of the blade 12 to adjust the tidal current force, the hydrodynamic noise generated by the blade 12 can be controlled, the high-frequency noise components can be reduced, and the noise suppression effect can be improved. When the ocean exploration signal is strong and the sensitivity to noise is high, the short-term shutdown mode can also be triggered and the operation can be resumed after the exploration task is completed.

[0047] Based on the same technical concept as the operation control system in the foregoing embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention also provides an operation control method for a tidal energy power station, adopting the operation control system of the tidal energy power station in the foregoing embodiment. Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is the flowchart of the operation control method. The operation control method includes: S11. The acquisition terminal 1 acquires the seawater flow data of the target sea area where the power station is located. Among them, the seawater flow data includes the flow velocity and flow direction of the seawater in the target sea area.

[0048] Specifically, when acquiring the seawater flow data, filtering processing can be performed based on the interval values of various data to remove abnormal data or invalid data to improve the reliability of the data. The collected data is preliminarily screened to eliminate abnormal values outside the reasonable range, and further, moving average filtering or median filtering is adopted to smooth the seawater flow data and reduce the influence of short-term fluctuations on subsequent calculations. The seawater flow data is the flow velocity and flow direction of the target sea area during the future power generation period, which has a great influence on the power generation power of the power station. Paying attention to it can predict the subsequent operation of the power station.

[0049] S12. The control terminal 2 determines whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set 11 during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operating parameters of the generator set 11.

[0050] Specifically, based on an empirical formula or a noise prediction model of machine learning, the noise spectrum of the generator set 11 during the future power generation period can be calculated. When it is determined from the noise spectrum that there is significant mechanical noise, hydrodynamic noise, or electromagnetic noise in the generator set 11 during the future power generation period, it is determined that there is an abnormal noise frequency band.

[0051] It can be understood that when determining whether there is an abnormal noise frequency band, a frequency band library of abnormal noise can also be constructed through the historical operation data and noise test data of the power station. When the comparison result between the noise spectrum and the noise in the frequency band library is relatively similar, it is determined that there is an abnormal noise frequency band.

[0052] Exemplarily, step S12 includes sub-steps S12-1 to S12-4, which are specifically described as follows: S12-1. Input the seawater flow data into a preset rotational speed prediction model to obtain the rotational speed prediction curve of the rotor. The rotational speed prediction model can be a convolutional neural network model, which is trained based on a sample set until the prediction accuracy reaches the preset requirement. The seawater flow data is used as an input variable and input into the rotational speed prediction model. The rotational speed prediction model calculates the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11 under different seawater flow conditions based on the power generation operation characteristics of the generator set 11 and generates the rotational speed prediction curve for the future power generation period. This rotational speed prediction curve reflects the theoretical rotational speed situation of the generator set 11 during the future power generation period and provides a data processing reference for subsequent noise analysis.

[0053] S12-2. Obtain the predicted rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11 under the current operating parameters according to the rotational speed prediction curve, and obtain the rotational speed prediction deviation of the rotor under the current operating parameters based on the deviation between the predicted rotational speed and the actual rotational speed of the rotor, so as to correct the rotational speed prediction curve and obtain the actual rotational speed curve of the rotor of the generator set 11 during the future power generation period; Specifically, the rotational speed prediction deviation is the deviation between the predicted rotational speed and the actual rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11 under the current operating parameters. Since the operating state of the generator set 11 is affected by factors such as equipment wear, load regulation, and control strategies, the actual rotational speed output of its rotor often deviates from the theoretical prediction. The rotational speed prediction deviation of the rotor under the current operating parameters can reflect the influence of the above-mentioned various factors, and then correct the rotational speed prediction curve to obtain a more accurate actual rotational speed curve. Through the rotational speed prediction deviation under the current operating parameters, the power generation characteristics affected by factors such as equipment aging and seawater flow fluctuations can be obtained, an error distribution model can be established, the main error sources can be identified, the error can be fitted using regression analysis or machine learning methods, and the error change trend during the future power generation period can be predicted.

[0054] If the error is mainly caused by equipment aging, a device attenuation factor can be introduced into the rotational speed prediction model to dynamically adjust the rotational speed prediction curve. For example, for the long-term operating generator set 11, rotational speed prediction and compensation can be performed according to its usage duration and historical attenuation curve. If the error is related to environmental factors such as seawater flow changes, temperature, and pressure, an environmental impact correction model can be established based on environmental data to adjust the rotational speed prediction curve. The rotational speed prediction curve will be adjusted to a corrected rotational speed curve that better conforms to the actual operating conditions, that is, the final actual rotational speed curve. This actual rotational speed curve can more accurately reflect the rotational speed output of the future power station in the real operating environment, providing reliable data support for subsequent noise prediction and optimal control.

[0055] S12-3. Obtain the noise output curve of the generator set 11 based on the operating noise of the generator set 11 under the actual rotational speed curve, where the noise output curve is a curve of the operating noise of the generator set 11 changing with the power generation time. The operating noise of the generator set 11 mainly comes from hydrodynamic noise, mechanical vibration noise, and electromagnetic noise. Among them, the hydrodynamic noise is closely related to the blade rotational speed and seawater flow velocity, and the mechanical noise depends on the working state of the rotor of the generator set 11. Based on empirical formulas or machine learning models, the noise output curve of the generator set 11, that is, the curve of the operating noise changing with the power generation time, can be calculated according to different blade rotational speeds, load states, and equipment vibration conditions. The noise output curve can reflect the noise level of the power station during the future power generation period, providing a basis for the subsequent identification of abnormal noise.

[0056] S12-4. When the deviation between the noise output curve and the environmental noise curve is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set 11 during the future power generation period, where the environmental noise curve is the noise curve of the target sea area under the current natural environment.

[0057] Specifically, the environmental noise curve represents the background noise level in the current natural environment, including underwater noise generated by factors such as sea waves and marine biological activities. If the deviation between the noise output curve and the environmental noise curve exceeds the first preset value (for example, the sound in a certain frequency band is more than 10 dB higher than the environmental noise), it is determined that there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set 11 during this period. This abnormal frequency band noise may affect the marine ecological environment or interfere with marine detection equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to trigger the operation control system to perform operation adjustment, optimize the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11 or the connection angle of the blades to reduce the noise impact.

[0058] So far, it has been determined whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set 11 during the future power generation period through the seawater flow data and the current operating parameters of the generator set 11.

[0059] S13. When there is abnormal frequency band noise in the future power generation period of the generator set 11, the control terminal 2 controls the execution component 3 to adjust the operating parameters of the generator set 11, that is, to perform the operation adjustment task, so as to reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the generator set 11.

[0060] Specifically, when implementing the operation adjustment of the generator set 11, the adjustment target can be determined based on the noise characteristics in the future power generation period. The adjustment targets include the rotor speed, output power, etc. of the generator set 11. Based on the adjustment target, a corresponding adjustment instruction is output to the execution component 3 to change the operating state of the generator set 11 in the future power generation period and reduce the environmental noise pollution generated by the generator set 11.

[0061] In practical applications, since the generator set 11 needs to be connected to the grid for power generation or store electrical energy during operation, if the operating state of the generator set 11 is adjusted significantly by the execution component 3, it will cause significant fluctuations in grid connection or energy storage. Based on this, in a specific implementation manner, the execution component 3 includes a power generation speed regulator 13 installed on the corresponding generator set 11 and an angle regulator 14 for the corresponding blade 12; controlling the execution component 3 to perform the operation adjustment task includes: S13-1. According to the operating noise of the generator set 11 in the future power generation period, adjust the rotor speed of the generator set 11, thereby adjusting the power generation power of the generator set 11 to obtain the power adjustment curve of the generator set 11. To reduce the operating noise of the generator set 11, it is necessary to adjust the power generation power of the generator set 11. The curve of the adjusted power generation power changing with the power generation time is the power adjustment curve.

[0062] S13-2. According to the power adjustment curve and the power change rate limit value when adjusting the operating parameters of the generator set 11, control the power generation speed regulator 13 to output the corresponding torque to change the rotor speed of the generator set 11, and / or the angle regulator 14 adjusts the connection angle of the blade 12. The power change rate limit value can be set based on the response rate of the power station for grid connection and energy storage, or can be dynamically adjusted based on the current remaining power of the energy storage battery pack 17. When adjusting the power adjustment curve through the power change rate limit value, it is necessary to make the output power of the power station smoother and reduce the impact of large fluctuations on grid connection and energy storage control. When adjusting the power generation power of the generator set 11, output a corresponding torque adjustment instruction to the power generation speed regulator 13 to change the rotor speed of the generator set 11.

[0063] Further, the operation control method further includes: determining whether there is an exploration signal in the target sea area, where the exploration signal is a signal emitted by a marine exploration device when performing an exploration task in the target sea area. When there is no exploration signal in the target sea area, the generator set 11 generates electricity normally. Conversely, when there is an exploration signal in the target sea area, it indicates that the operation of the power station has an impact on marine exploration. Then, the power generation power of the generator set 11 is adjusted according to the power adjustment curve, so that the frequency difference between the frequency of the operation noise of the generator set 11 and the frequency of the exploration signal is greater than a second preset value.

[0064] Similarly, the power adjustment curve is a curve set based on the maximum allowable fluctuation amplitude of the power generation power. When there is an exploration signal, the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11 is adjusted according to the power adjustment curve to change the main frequency of the operation noise. By reducing or increasing the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator set 11, the main frequency of the noise is shifted to a frequency range away from the frequency of the exploration signal, ensuring that the frequency difference between the two is greater than the second preset value, thereby reducing signal interference.

[0065] Next, the operation control method of the tidal current power station according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described as a whole. Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is the overall operation logic diagram of the operation control method, specifically including: S401. Obtain the first flow velocity, second flow velocity, third flow velocity and flow direction of the target sea area, as well as the seawater temperature and seawater turbidity.

[0066] S402. Determine the first weight, second weight and third weight according to the flow direction, seawater temperature and seawater turbidity.

[0067] S403. Perform fusion calculation according to the first flow velocity, second flow velocity, third flow velocity, first weight, second weight and third weight to obtain the flow velocity of the target sea area.

[0068] S404. Input the flow velocity and flow direction into the rotational speed prediction model to obtain the rotational speed prediction curve of the rotor.

[0069] S405. Obtain the actual rotational speed curve of the rotor of the generator set in the future power generation period through the rotational speed prediction curve and the rotational speed prediction deviation of the rotor under the current operation parameters.

[0070] S406. Obtain the noise output curve of the generator set according to the operation noise of the generator set under the actual rotational speed curve of the rotor.

[0071] S407. Determine whether the deviation between the noise output curve and the environmental noise curve is greater than a first preset value.

[0072] S408. When the deviation between the noise output curve and the ambient noise curve is not greater than a first preset value, an instruction to return is output to return to step S401.

[0073] S409. When the deviation between the noise output curve and the ambient noise curve is greater than the first preset value, it is determined that there is abnormal frequency band noise in the future power generation period of the generator set.

[0074] S410. According to the operating noise of the generator set in the future power generation period, a power adjustment curve of the generator set is obtained.

[0075] S411. According to the power adjustment curve and the power change rate limit value for the generator set to perform the operation adjustment task, a first adjustment range of the rotor speed of the generator set and a second adjustment range of the blade connection angle are determined.

[0076] S412. Interval values are taken according to the first adjustment range and the second adjustment range, and their power generation efficiency and operating noise are calculated. Optimization is carried out through a genetic algorithm to find the rotor speed and connection angle that make the comprehensive optimization result reach the maximum value.

[0077] S413. According to the rotor speed and connection angle at which the comprehensive optimization result reaches the maximum value, the power generation speed regulator is respectively controlled to output the corresponding torque, and the angle regulator is rotated to the corresponding angle.

[0078] After considering the specification and the embodiments disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An operating control system for a tidal current power station, characterized in that, The power station includes at least one generator set, and the generator set includes a rotor and a plurality of blades mounted on the rotor; The system includes: An acquisition terminal, which is arranged in the target sea area where the power station is located. The acquisition terminal is used to obtain the seawater flow data of the target sea area. Wherein, the seawater flow data includes flow velocity and flow direction; A control terminal, which is connected to the acquisition terminal. The control terminal is used to judge whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operation parameters of the generator set; An execution component, which is connected to the control terminal. The execution component is arranged on the generator set. The execution component is used to adjust the operation parameters of the generator set under the control of the control terminal when there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period, so as to reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power station.

2. The operating control system of the tidal current power station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operation parameters of the generator set include the rotor speed of the generator set and the angle at which the blade is mounted on the rotor; The execution component includes: At least one power generation speed regulator, each power generation speed regulator is mounted on the corresponding generator set, and the power generation speed regulator is connected to the control terminal. The power generation speed regulator is used to adjust the rotor speed of the generator set under the control of the control terminal; A plurality of angle regulators, each angle regulator is connected to the corresponding blade of the generator set, and the angle regulator is connected to the control terminal. The angle regulator is used to adjust the angle at which the blade is mounted on the rotor under the control of the control terminal.

3. The operating control system of the tidal current power station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control terminal is specifically used for: Inputting the seawater flow data into a preset speed prediction model to obtain the speed prediction curve of the rotor; Obtaining the predicted speed of the rotor of the generator set under the current operation parameters according to the speed prediction curve, and obtaining the speed prediction deviation of the rotor under the current operation parameters according to the deviation between the predicted speed and the actual speed of the rotor, so as to correct the speed prediction curve and obtain the actual speed curve of the rotor of the generator set during the future power generation period; Obtaining the noise output curve of the generator set according to the operation noise of the generator set under the actual speed curve of the rotor, wherein the noise output curve is a curve of the operation noise of the generator set changing with the power generation time; When the deviation between the noise output curve and the environmental noise curve is greater than a first preset value, it is determined that there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period, wherein the environmental noise curve is the noise curve of the target sea area under the current natural environment.

4. The operation control system of the tidal current power station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control terminal is specifically used for: Adjusting the rotor speed of the generator set according to the operation noise of the generator set during the future power generation period, so as to adjust the power generation power of the generator set and obtain the power adjustment curve of the generator set; wherein, the power adjustment curve is a curve of the adjusted power generation power changing with the power generation time; Control the generator speed regulator to change the rotor speed of the generator set, and / or the angle regulator to adjust the angle at which the blades are mounted on the rotor according to the power adjustment curve and the power change rate limit value when adjusting the operating parameters of the generator set.

5. The operating control system of the tidal current power generation station according to claim 4, characterized in that, It further includes: A monitoring terminal, arranged in the target sea area, the monitoring terminal is connected to the control terminal, and the monitoring terminal is used to monitor whether there is an exploration signal in the target sea area; wherein, the exploration signal is a signal emitted by a marine exploration device when performing an exploration task in the target sea area; The control terminal is further used to control the execution component to adjust the operating parameters of the generator set when there is an exploration signal in the target sea area, so as to reduce the interference of the operating noise of the generator set on the exploration task of the marine exploration device.

6. The operation control system of the tidal current power station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The control terminal is specifically further used for: Adjust the power generation power of the generator set according to the power adjustment curve, so that the frequency difference between the frequency of the operating noise of the generator set and the frequency of the exploration signal is greater than a second preset value.

7. The operation control system of the tidal current power generation station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator set further includes at least one flywheel energy storage unit; The system further includes: At least one energy storage speed regulator, each energy storage speed regulator is installed on the corresponding flywheel energy storage unit, the energy storage speed regulator is connected to the control terminal, and the energy storage speed regulator is used to adjust the speed of the flywheel energy storage unit under the control of the control terminal.

8. The operation control system of the tidal current power generation station according to claim 1, wherein, The acquisition terminal includes: At least one differential pressure flowmeter, installed in the target sea area, and the differential pressure flowmeter is used to output a first flow rate according to the pressure difference at different positions in the target sea area; At least one Doppler velocimeter, installed in the target sea area, and the Doppler velocimeter is used to emit a laser signal to the target sea area and output a second flow rate according to the scattering result of the laser signal; At least one Doppler current profiler, installed in the target sea area, and the Doppler current profiler is used to emit an ultrasonic signal to the target sea area and output a third flow rate and the flow direction according to the change in the scattering frequency of the ultrasonic signal; A processor, connected to the differential pressure flowmeter, the Doppler velocimeter and the Doppler current profiler, and the processor is used to perform fusion calculation processing according to the first flow rate, the second flow rate and the third flow rate, and output the flow velocity.

9. The operation control system of the tidal current power generation station according to claim 8, characterized in that, The processor is specifically used for: Obtain a first weight of the first flow rate, a second weight of the second flow rate and a third weight of the third flow rate according to the first flow rate, the second flow rate, the third flow rate and a preset weight correspondence relationship; According to the expression , the flow velocity is obtained In the formula, is the flow velocity, is the first flow velocity, is the first weight, is the second flow velocity, is the second weight, is the third flow velocity, is the third weight, .

10. A method for operating and controlling a tidal current power station, characterized in that, Adopt the operation control system of the tidal current power generation station according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method includes: The acquisition terminal obtains the seawater flow data of the target sea area; The control terminal judges whether there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period according to the seawater flow data and the current operating parameters of the generator set; When there is abnormal frequency band noise in the generator set during the future power generation period, the control terminal controls the execution component to adjust the operating parameters of the generator set, so as to reduce the environmental noise pollution of the target sea area during the operation of the power station.

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