Self-cleaning pipeline oil smoke purification device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline oil fume cleaning, and discloses a self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device which comprises an exhaust pipe and an oil fume channel, the side face of the bottom of the oil fume channel is provided with an exhaust structure and an air inlet, the exhaust structure and the air inlet communicate with the exhaust pipe and an air pump correspondingly, and the air inlet is lower than the exhaust structure; an oil scraping elevator is arranged in the oil smoke channel in an up-down sliding manner, the oil scraping elevator comprises a scraper assembly, a storage assembly and a piston assembly, the smoke exhaust structure comprises a smoke inlet communicating with the smoke exhaust pipe and the oil smoke channel, and a baffle is rotationally arranged on the smoke inlet; the self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device can automatically clean and collect oil stains in the fume exhaust pipeline, prevent pollution to the external environment, prevent sewage from flowing back into the fume exhaust pipeline, automatically detect residual pollution gas in the pipeline and prevent the oil stains from being ignited when a fire disaster occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipeline oil fume cleaning, and particularly to a self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device. Background Art

[0002] In modern buildings, in order to solve the problem of kitchen oil fume emission, it has become a common solution to set up an external hanging oil fume channel on the outer wall. However, many problems that need to be solved urgently have emerged in the use of the existing external hanging oil fume channels.

[0003] After the oil fume pipeline is used for a long time, grease and dirt in a large amount of oil fume will adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline. Due to the complex pipeline structure and narrow internal space, it is extremely difficult to clean manually. Conventional cleaning tools are difficult to reach the deep part of the pipeline, making it difficult to clean the inside of the oil fume pipeline, and the oil stain accumulation is serious. As time goes by, it not only affects the oil fume emission efficiency, but also breeds bacteria, generates odors, causes serious pollution to the surrounding environment, and even poses a fire hazard.

[0004] Currently, for the cleaning method of the oil fume pipeline, a large amount of water resources and cleaning agents are usually required. The use of a large amount of cleaning agents not only increases the cleaning cost, but also may cause secondary pollution to the environment; at the same time, the waste of water resources is also contrary to the current concept of energy conservation and environmental protection. In addition, during the cleaning process, the generated oil stains and cleaning agent wastewater are difficult to be completely discharged, and are extremely easy to flow back into the exhaust pipe and the range hood. This will not only corrode the internal structure of the exhaust pipe and the range hood, shorten the service life of the equipment, but also may affect the normal operation of the equipment, resulting in a decline in the oil fume purification effect and further aggravating the oil fume pollution problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, which has the advantages of automatically cleaning the oil stains inside the exhaust pipeline, preventing sewage from flowing back into the exhaust pipe, and automatically collecting the removed oil stains, and solves the problems that it is difficult to clean the inside of the current oil fume pipeline, resulting in serious pollution problems, easy to cause fires, wasting a large amount of water resources and cleaning agents during cleaning, and the oil stains and cleaning agent wastewater generated during cleaning will flow back into the exhaust pipe and the range hood.

[0006] (II) Technical Solutions To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, comprising a smoke exhaust pipe and an oil fume passage. A smoke exhaust structure and an air inlet are arranged on the side of the bottom of the oil fume passage. The smoke exhaust structure and the air inlet are respectively communicated with the smoke exhaust pipe and an air pump. The height of the air inlet is lower than that of the smoke exhaust structure. A scraping elevator is slidably arranged up and down in the oil fume passage. The lowest point where the scraping elevator moves is between the smoke exhaust structure and the air inlet, and the highest point is at the top of the oil fume passage. The scraping elevator comprises a scraping blade assembly, a storage assembly and a piston assembly. The scraping blade assembly is used for fitting on the inner wall of the oil fume passage to scrape off oil stains and storing them through the storage assembly. The piston assembly uses the air pressure filled into the bottom by the air pump to push the scraping elevator to slide up and down. The smoke exhaust structure comprises a smoke inlet communicating the smoke exhaust pipe and the oil fume passage, and a baffle is rotatably arranged on the smoke inlet; During normal smoke exhaust, the baffle is opened to connect the smoke exhaust pipe and the oil fume passage. At this time, the scraping elevator is located below the smoke exhaust structure. When cleaning the oil stains, the air pump is started to fill the cavity below the scraping elevator with gas, and the air pressure drives the scraping elevator to move up. The scraping elevator moves up and pushes the baffle to a position where it fits the smoke inlet, thereby closing the smoke inlet. The baffle is firmly pressed against the smoke inlet by the air pressure. After the cleaning is completed, the baffle automatically opens when the air pressure decreases.

[0007] Preferably, a gas detector is arranged on the side position near the top of the oil fume passage. An exhaust passage and a gas detection device are arranged in the gas detector. When the scraping elevator moves to a position higher than the gas detector, the gas generated by the air pump passes through the cleaned passage in the oil fume passage and reaches the gas detector, so as to detect the residual polluted gas in the cleaned pipeline.

[0008] Preferably, the scraping elevator comprises a scraping blade and an oil collecting plate. The scraping blade fits on the inner wall of the oil fume passage and a chamfered slope is arranged at the top of the scraping blade. The oil collecting plate is a bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the scraping blade. The scraping blade assembly is composed of the scraping blade, and the storage assembly is composed of the scraping blade and the oil collecting plate. The container composed of the scraping blade arranged on the side and the oil collecting plate at the bottom is used for storing the oil stains scraped off by the scraping blade.

[0009] Preferably, a liquid spraying assembly is further arranged at the middle position of the scraping elevator for automatically spraying a cleaning agent when the resistance received by the scraping blade is large. The liquid spraying assembly comprises a cavity for containing the cleaning agent, and a plug for pressurizing the cleaning agent is arranged in the cavity. When the scraping blade is blocked by the oil stains on the inner wall of the oil fume passage, the air pump at the bottom continuously fills the gas to increase the air pressure, thereby pushing the plug to squeeze and spray the cleaning agent on the inner wall of the oil fume passage.

[0010] Preferably, the piston assembly is composed of a scraping blade and an oil collecting plate. The side of the scraping blade is attached to the inner wall of the oil fume passage, and the oil collecting plate blocks the passage in the middle of the scraping blade, so that the scraping blade and the oil collecting plate form a piston. The cavity of the liquid spraying assembly is a reagent storage cylinder fixed at the middle position of the oil collecting plate. The plug of the liquid spraying assembly is a disc-shaped piston movably arranged in the reagent storage cylinder. A plurality of liquid spraying nozzles are arranged around the top of the reagent storage cylinder, and an opening is arranged at the bottom of the reagent storage cylinder, so that the bottom of the disc-shaped piston is pushed by the air pressure at the bottom of the oil fume passage. When the oil scraping elevator encounters great resistance from the inner wall of the oil fume passage, the continuously increasing air pressure pushes the disc-shaped piston to slide upward, so that the cleaning agent is sprayed from the liquid storage groove onto the inner wall of the oil fume passage.

[0011] Preferably, the piston assembly is a lifting plate arranged below the oil collecting plate. The cavity of the liquid spraying assembly is a downward concave liquid storage groove arranged at the middle position of the lifting plate. The plug of the liquid spraying assembly is a downward protruding pressing protrusion arranged on the oil collecting plate corresponding to the position of the liquid storage groove. The bottom of the pressing protrusion is slidably arranged in the liquid storage groove. A liquid delivery pipe is arranged in the pressing protrusion, and a channel is arranged in the liquid delivery pipe. The bottom of the channel communicates with the cavity in the liquid storage groove, and liquid spraying holes are arranged around the top of the channel. When the oil scraping elevator encounters great resistance from the inner wall of the oil fume passage, the continuously increasing air pressure pushes the lifting plate to slide upward relative to the oil collecting plate, so that the pressing protrusion presses the liquid storage groove downward. Moreover, when the weight of the oil and grease collected in the oil collecting plate increases, the downward weight received by the oil collecting plate increases, thereby squeezing out the cleaning agent in the liquid storage groove, playing a role in reducing the total weight of the oil scraping elevator.

[0012] Preferably, a magnetic attraction block that attracts the baffle is also arranged on the smoke inlet to improve the tightness when the baffle is closed; The bottom of the baffle is rotatably connected to the smoke inlet. An extension plate is also arranged at the position below the rotation connection of the baffle. The baffle and the extension plate are integrated. The extension plate protrudes into the oil fume passage when the baffle is attached to the smoke inlet. During the downward movement of the oil scraping elevator, the extension plate is squeezed, so that the extension plate rotates inward towards the inner wall of the oil fume passage, thereby making the baffle rotate inward towards the inner part of the oil fume passage.

[0013] Preferably, the oil fume passage is composed of multiple straight cylinders. The straight cylinder includes a bottom pipe at the bottom, at least one middle pipe in the middle, and a top pipe at the top. The air inlet and the smoke exhaust structure are arranged on the bottom pipe, the gas detector is arranged on the top pipe, and a rain shield for preventing rain is also arranged on the top of the top pipe. A sealing gasket is arranged on the contact surface between two adjacent straight cylinders, and two adjacent straight cylinders are connected by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, the side of the oil fume channel is fixed to the wall by supporting angle steel. The bottom of the bottom pipe is fixed above the supporting bottom plate, and the air pump is also fixed above the supporting bottom plate. A protective cover is further arranged on the supporting bottom plate, and the protective cover is used to wrap the air pump and a part of the smoke exhaust pipe outside the wall.

[0015] Preferably, the cutting head part of the scraper is made of stainless steel, and the main body part of the scraper and the oil collecting plate are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. For this self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, during normal smoke exhaust, the baffle is opened to connect the smoke exhaust pipe and the oil fume channel. At this time, the oil scraping elevator is located below the smoke exhaust structure. When cleaning the oil stain, the air pump is started to fill the cavity below the oil scraping elevator with gas, and the air pressure drives the oil scraping elevator to move upward. The upward movement of the oil scraping elevator pushes the baffle to a position where it fits against the smoke inlet, thus closing the smoke inlet. The baffle is firmly pressed against the smoke inlet by the air pressure. After the cleaning is completed, the oil scraping elevator descends, and the baffle automatically opens after the air pressure decreases, achieving the purpose of automatically scraping the oil stain, automatically collecting the oil stain, and automatically opening and closing the smoke exhaust pipe. At the same time, in case of a fire, the air pump is controlled to start, thereby closing the smoke inlet, preventing air from being discharged from the oil fume channel, avoiding the increase of the fire due to air circulation, and also preventing the fire from igniting the oil stain in the pipeline.

[0017] 2. For this self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, by arranging a liquid spraying component at the middle position of the oil scraping elevator, when the scraper is stagnant due to the resistance of the oil stain, the continuous inflation of the bottom air pump causes the air pressure in the channel to rise. The increased air pressure pushes the piston component in the reagent storage cylinder, and squeezes out the -℃ alkaline cleaning agent through the top liquid spraying nozzle, reducing the use of the cleaning agent and being able to automatically spray it on the place with the most dirt.

[0018] 3. For this self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, by arranging a liquid spraying component at the middle position of the oil scraping elevator, when the scraper is stagnant due to the resistance of the oil stain, the inflation of the bottom air pump makes the air pressure in the channel rise, pushing the lifting plate to move upward relative to the oil collecting plate, realizing the automatic spraying of the cleaning agent when encountering resistance. At the same time, when the weight of the oil stain collected by the oil collecting plate increases, the downward pressing protrusion squeezes the liquid storage groove to spray the cleaning agent, so as to automatically spray some cleaning agent to reduce the weight when the weight of the collected oil stain is too heavy, avoiding the excessive weight from affecting the oil scraping efficiency. Description of the drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2It is a sectional perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located at the inner bottom of the oil fume passage 2, that is, when the air pump 4 is not started.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a sectional perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located at the inner top of the oil fume passage 2, that is, when the air pump 4 is started.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a sectional perspective view of the bottom pipe 21 of the first embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located at the inner bottom of the oil fume passage 2, that is, when the air pump 4 is not started.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a sectional perspective view of the bottom pipe 21 of the first embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located inside the bottom pipe 21, that is, when the air pump 4 is not started.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a sectional perspective view of the top pipe 23 of the first embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located inside the top pipe 23, that is, when the air pump 4 is not started.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the oil scraping elevator 7 of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the oil scraping elevator 7 of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a sectional perspective view of the oil scraping elevator 7 of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the oil scraping elevator 7 of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 It is a sectional perspective view of the oil scraping elevator 7 of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1, smoke exhaust pipe; 2, oil fume passage; 21, bottom pipe; 22, middle pipe; 23, top pipe; 24, rain shield; 31, support angle steel; 32, support bottom plate; 33, protective cover; 4, air pump; 41, air inlet; 5, gas detector; 6, smoke exhaust structure; 61, smoke inlet; 62, baffle; 63, extension plate; 64, magnetic attraction block; 7, oil scraping elevator; 71, scraper; 72, oil receiving plate; 73, agent storage cylinder; 731, liquid spraying nozzle; 74, disc-shaped piston; 75, infusion pipe; 751, liquid spraying hole; 76, lifting plate; 761, liquid storage groove; 721, downward pressing protrusion. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0033] In addition, a fixed connection means a connection where parts or components are fixed without any relative movement; a transmission connection means a connection method that transmits mechanical motion or torque to other working components through transmission parts; a sliding connection means a connection method where two objects are in contact but not fixed and can slide relative to each other; a rotational connection means a connection method where two objects are in contact but not fixed and can rotate relative to each other.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device with the following technical features.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 - 7, 1. A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, comprising an exhaust pipe 1 and an oil fume passage 2. A smoke exhaust structure 6 and an air inlet 41 are arranged on the bottom side of the oil fume passage 2. The smoke exhaust structure 6 and the air inlet 41 are respectively communicated with the exhaust pipe 1 and an air pump 4. The height of the air inlet 41 is lower than that of the smoke exhaust structure 6. A scraping elevator 7 is slidably arranged up and down in the oil fume passage 2. The lowest point of the movement of the scraping elevator 7 is between the smoke exhaust structure 6 and the air inlet 41, and the highest point is at the top of the oil fume passage 2. The scraping elevator 7 includes a scraper assembly, a storage assembly and a piston assembly. The scraper assembly is used to fit on the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2 to scrape off oil stains and store them through the storage assembly. The piston assembly uses the air pressure filled into the bottom by the air pump 4 to push the scraping elevator 7 to slide up and down. The smoke exhaust structure 6 includes a smoke inlet 61 communicating the exhaust pipe 1 and the oil fume passage 2. A baffle 62 is rotatably arranged on the smoke inlet 61; During normal smoke exhaust, the baffle 62 is opened to connect the exhaust pipe 1 and the oil fume passage 2. At this time, the scraping elevator 7 is located below the smoke exhaust structure 6. When cleaning the oil stains, the air pump 4 is started to fill the cavity below the scraping elevator 7 with gas. The air pressure drives the scraping elevator 7 to move up. The scraping elevator 7 moves up to push the baffle 62 to a position where it fits the smoke inlet 61, thereby closing the smoke inlet 61. The baffle 62 is firmly pressed against the smoke inlet 61 by the air pressure. After the cleaning is completed, the baffle 62 automatically opens when the air pressure decreases.

[0037] Furthermore, a gas detector 5 is arranged on the side position of the oil fume passage 2 near the top. An exhaust passage and a gas detection device are arranged in the gas detector 5. After the scraping elevator 7 moves to a position higher than the gas detector 5, the gas generated by the air pump 4 passes through the cleaned passage in the oil fume passage 2 to reach the gas detector 5, so as to detect the residual polluted gas in the cleaned pipeline.

[0038] It should be noted that the polluted gas mainly includes volatile organic compounds. In the environmental field, volatile organic compounds refer to a class of organic compounds with active chemical properties, volatility and harm. Its components mainly include hydrocarbons (i.e., the general term for hydrocarbons, including alkanes, cycloalkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons), halogenated hydrocarbons (i.e., compounds obtained by replacing hydrogen atoms in hydrocarbon molecules with halogen atoms), oxygen-containing organic compounds and nitrogen-containing organic compounds, etc. Specifically, it includes benzene series, organic chlorides, organic ketones, acids, esters, alcohols, ethers, amines and hydrocarbon compounds, etc. Therefore, the components of volatile organic compounds in oil fume pollutants are also complex. The main components include hydrocarbon substances and oxygen-containing organic compounds (investigation shows that the proportion of non-methane total hydrocarbon substances in oxygen-containing organic compounds exceeds 60%, and oxygen-containing organic compounds account for more than 30%). Among them, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, acetone, propylene, etc. are all the main characteristic substances of volatile organic compounds in oil fume.

[0039] It should be noted that the gas detection device includes an electrochemical sensor for detecting the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the gas.

[0040] Further provided, the oil scraping elevator 7 includes a scraping blade 71 and an oil receiving plate 72. The scraping blade 71 is attached to the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2 and a chamfered slope is provided at the top of the scraping blade 71. The oil receiving plate 72 is a bottom plate provided at the bottom of the scraping blade 71. The scraping blade assembly is composed of the scraping blade 71, and the storage assembly is composed of the scraping blade 71 and the oil receiving plate 72. A container formed by the scraping blade 71 provided on the side and the oil receiving plate 72 at the bottom is used to store the oil fume scraped off by the scraping blade 71.

[0041] Further provided, a magnetic attraction block 64 that attracts the baffle 62 to each other is also provided on the air inlet 61, which is used to improve the tightness when the baffle 62 is closed; The bottom of the baffle 62 is rotatably connected to the air inlet 61. An extension plate 63 is further provided at a position below the rotational connection of the baffle 62. The baffle 62 and the extension plate 63 are integrated. The extension plate 63 protrudes into the oil fume passage 2 when the baffle 62 is attached to the air inlet 61. During the downward movement of the oil scraping elevator 7, the extension plate 63 is squeezed, causing the extension plate 63 to rotate towards the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2, thereby causing the baffle 62 to rotate towards the inside of the oil fume passage 2.

[0042] Further provided, the oil fume passage 2 is composed of multiple straight cylinders. The straight cylinder includes a bottom pipe 21 at the bottom, at least one middle pipe 22 in the middle, and a top pipe 23 at the top. The air inlet 41 and the smoke exhaust structure 6 are provided on the bottom pipe 21, the gas detector 5 is provided on the top pipe 23, and a rain shield 24 for rain protection is further provided on the top of the top pipe 23. A sealing gasket is provided on the contact surface between two adjacent straight cylinders, and two adjacent straight cylinders are connected by bolts.

[0043] Further provided, the side of the oil fume passage 2 is fixed to the wall through a support angle steel 31. The bottom of the bottom pipe 21 is fixed above the support bottom plate 32, and the air pump 4 is also fixed above the support bottom plate 32. A protective cover 33 is further provided on the support bottom plate 32, and the protective cover 33 is used to wrap the air pump 4 and a part of the smoke exhaust pipe 1 located outside the wall.

[0044] Further provided, the blade part of the scraping blade 71 is made of stainless steel, and the main body part of the scraping blade 71 and the oil receiving plate 72 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0045] Further, an air pump 4 is connected to an intelligent controller. The intelligent controller is provided with a timing start program, a repeated start program, and a fire start program. The timing start program starts once at a preset fixed interval; the repeated start program is during the process of starting once at a fixed time. When the oil scraping elevator 7 moves to the top of the oil fume passage 2, the gas detector 5 is used to detect the polluted gas. When the detected content of the polluted gas exceeds the preset threshold, after the oil scraping elevator 7 slides up and down once to complete a cleaning operation, it starts again; the fire start program is to detect a fire by using a smoke detector installed in the room. When a fire occurs, it controls the air pump 4 to start, thereby closing the smoke inlet 61, preventing air from being discharged from the oil fume passage 2, avoiding the increase of the fire due to air circulation, and also preventing the fire from igniting the oil stain in the pipeline.

[0046] Further, the lifting speed of the oil scraping elevator 7 is adjustable. A speed sensor is provided on the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2. When the rising or falling speed of the oil scraping elevator 7 is abnormal, the intelligent controller controls the air pump 4 to adjust the inflation or deflation rate to ensure the stable operation of the oil scraping elevator 7.

[0047] Further, the exhaust pipe 1 adopts a double-layer heat insulation structure. The inner layer is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the outer layer is a heat insulation and heat preservation material. The exhaust pipe 1 is connected to the oil fume passage 2 and the exhaust structure 6 through detachable sealing flanges, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance.

[0048] Further, the magnetic block 64 is an electromagnet with adjustable magnetic force. The electromagnet is connected to the intelligent controller. When the oil scraping elevator 7 rises to close the baffle 62, the magnetic force of the electromagnet is enhanced to improve the tightness of the baffle 62; when the oil scraping elevator 7 descends to open the baffle 62, the magnetic force of the electromagnet is reduced to reduce the resistance.

[0049] Working principle: The working principle of this self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device is as follows: During normal smoke exhaust, the baffle 62 of the exhaust structure 6 is opened, and the oil fume enters the oil fume passage 2 through the smoke inlet 61 and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 1. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located below the exhaust structure 6; when cleaning the oil stain, the air pump 4 fills the cavity below the oil scraping elevator 7 with gas, and the air pressure pushes it to move up along the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2. The scraper 71 fits the inner wall of the passage to scrape the oil stain and collects it on the oil collecting plate 72. At the same time, the upward moving oil scraping elevator 7 pushes the baffle 62 to fit the smoke inlet 61, and uses the air pressure to tightly hold the baffle 62 at the smoke inlet 61; after the cleaning is completed, the air pressure decreases, and the baffle 62 automatically opens. The gas detector 5 can detect the residual polluted gas when the oil scraping elevator 7 moves to the top. The intelligent controller controls the start and stop of the air pump 4 and the lifting speed of the oil scraping elevator 7 according to the timing program or the detection result to ensure the efficient operation of the device.

[0050] In summary, for the self-cleaning duct oil fume purification device, when discharging fumes normally, the baffle 62 is opened to connect the exhaust pipe 1 and the oil fume passage 2. At this time, the oil scraping elevator 7 is located below the exhaust structure 6. When cleaning the oil stains, the air pump 4 is started to fill the cavity below the oil scraping elevator 7 with gas. The air pressure drives the oil scraping elevator 7 to move upward. The upward movement of the oil scraping elevator 7 pushes the baffle 62 to a position where it fits against the smoke inlet 61, thereby closing the smoke inlet 61. The baffle 62 is firmly pressed against the smoke inlet 61 by the air pressure. After the cleaning is completed, the oil scraping elevator 7 descends, and the baffle 62 automatically opens after the air pressure decreases, achieving the purpose of automatically scraping oil stains, automatically collecting oil stains, and automatically opening and closing the exhaust pipe 1. At the same time, in case of a fire, the air pump 4 is controlled to start, thereby closing the smoke inlet 61, preventing air from being discharged from the oil fume passage 2, avoiding the spread of the fire due to increased air circulation, and also preventing the fire from igniting the oil stains in the pipeline.

[0051] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a self-cleaning duct oil fume purification device with the following technical features.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 8 - 9 , this embodiment is an improved solution for the oil scraping elevator 7 of another mechanism. It is used to solve the problem that other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1 except for the oil scraping elevator 7, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Furthermore, a liquid spraying component is further provided at the middle position of the oil scraping elevator 7 for automatically spraying a cleaning agent when the resistance received by the scraper 71 is large. The liquid spraying component includes a cavity for containing the cleaning agent, and a plug for pressurizing the cleaning agent is arranged in the cavity. When the scraper 71 is blocked by the oil stains on the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2, the air pump 4 at the bottom continuously fills the gas to increase the air pressure, thereby pushing the plug to squeeze and spray the cleaning agent on the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2.

[0054] It should be noted that the cleaning agent is an alkaline cleaning agent with a temperature of 40 °C - 60 °C. The main components of the alkaline cleaning agent include strong alkalis such as sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate, and also include additives such as surfactants and corrosion inhibitors.

[0055] Further, the piston assembly is composed of a scraping blade 71 and an oil collecting plate 72. The side of the scraping blade 71 is attached to the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2, and the oil collecting plate 72 seals the passage in the middle of the scraping blade 71, so that the scraping blade 71 and the oil collecting plate 72 form a piston. The cavity of the liquid spraying assembly is a storage cylinder 73 fixed at the middle position of the oil collecting plate 72, and the plug of the liquid spraying assembly is a disc-shaped piston 74 movably arranged in the storage cylinder 73. A plurality of liquid spraying nozzles 731 are arranged on the circumference of the top of the storage cylinder 73, and an opening is arranged at the bottom of the storage cylinder 73, so that the bottom of the disc-shaped piston 74 is pushed by the air pressure at the bottom of the oil fume passage 2. When the scraping oil elevator 7 is subject to a large resistance from the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2, the continuously increasing air pressure pushes the disc-shaped piston 74 to slide upward, so that the cleaning agent is sprayed from the liquid storage groove 761 onto the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2.

[0056] It should be noted that an elastic component, such as a spring, a telescopic hydraulic rod or a telescopic pneumatic rod, is arranged between the upper part of the disc-shaped piston 74 and the inner top surface of the storage cylinder 73.

[0057] Further, the cleaning agent storage tank is provided with a heating device, and the heating device is connected to the intelligent controller. When the ambient temperature is lower than the preset value, the heating device is started to maintain the temperature of the cleaning agent between 40 °C and 60 °C to ensure the cleaning effect of the cleaning agent.

[0058] In summary, for this self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, by arranging a liquid spraying assembly at the middle position of the scraping oil elevator 7, when the scraping blade 71 is stagnant due to the resistance of oil stains, the bottom air pump 4 continuously inflates to cause the air pressure in the passage to rise. The increased air pressure pushes the piston assembly in the storage cylinder, and squeezes out the alkaline cleaning agent at 40 - 60 °C through the top liquid spraying nozzles, reducing the use of the cleaning agent and automatically spraying it on the place with the most dirt.

[0059] Embodiment 3: This embodiment provides a self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device with the following technical features.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 10 - 11 , this embodiment is an improved scheme of another mechanism of the scraping oil elevator 7. Except for the scraping oil elevator 7, other structures are the same as those in Embodiment 1, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0061] Further, a liquid spraying assembly is also arranged at the middle position of the scraping oil elevator 7 for automatically spraying the cleaning agent when the resistance received by the scraping blade 71 is large. The liquid spraying assembly includes a cavity for containing the cleaning agent, and a plug for pressurizing the cleaning agent is arranged in the cavity. When the scraping blade 71 is blocked by the oil stains on the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2, the bottom air pump 4 continuously fills the gas to increase the air pressure, thereby pushing the plug to squeeze and spray the cleaning agent on the inner wall of the oil fume passage 2.

[0062] Further, the piston assembly is a lifting plate 76 disposed below the oil collecting plate 72. The cavity of the liquid spraying assembly is a downwardly concave liquid storage groove 761 disposed at the middle position of the lifting plate 76. The plug of the liquid spraying assembly is a downwardly protruding pressing protrusion 721 disposed on the oil collecting plate 72 corresponding to the position of the liquid storage groove 761. The bottom of the pressing protrusion 721 is slidably disposed in the liquid storage groove 761. A liquid delivery pipe 75 is disposed in the pressing protrusion 721. A channel is disposed in the liquid delivery pipe 75. The bottom of the channel communicates with the cavity in the liquid storage groove 761. Spray holes 751 are circumferentially disposed at the top of the channel. When the oil scraping elevator 7 encounters a large resistance from the inner wall of the oil fume channel 2, the continuously increasing air pressure pushes the lifting plate 76 to slide upward relative to the oil collecting plate 72, causing the pressing protrusion 721 to squeeze the liquid storage groove 761 downward. Moreover, when the weight of the oil and grease collected in the oil collecting plate 72 increases, the downward weight received by the oil collecting plate 72 increases, thereby squeezing out the cleaning agent in the liquid storage groove 761, playing a role in reducing the total weight of the oil scraping elevator 7.

[0063] It should be noted that an elastic component is disposed between the inner bottom surface of the liquid storage groove 761 and the outer bottom surface of the pressing protrusion 721, or an elastic component is disposed between the oil collecting plate 72 and the lifting plate 76, such as a spring, a telescopic hydraulic rod or a telescopic pneumatic rod.

[0064] In summary, for this self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, by disposing a liquid spraying assembly at the middle position of the oil scraping elevator 7, when the scraper 71 is stagnated due to the resistance of the oil and grease, the bottom air pump 4 inflates to increase the air pressure in the channel, pushing the lifting plate 76 to move upward relative to the oil collecting plate 72, realizing automatic spraying of the cleaning agent when encountering resistance. At the same time, when the weight of the oil and grease collected by the oil collecting plate 72 increases, the pressing protrusion 721 squeezes the liquid storage groove 761 to spray the cleaning agent, so as to automatically spray some cleaning agents to reduce the weight when the weight of the collected oil and grease is too heavy, avoiding the influence of excessive weight on the oil scraping efficiency.

[0065] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0066] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device, comprising an exhaust pipe (1) and an oil fume passage (2). A smoke exhaust structure (6) and an air inlet (41) are arranged on the bottom side of the oil fume passage (2), and it is characterized in that: The smoke exhaust structure (6) and the air inlet (41) are respectively connected to the smoke exhaust pipe (1) and the air pump (4). The height of the air inlet (41) is lower than that of the smoke exhaust structure (6). A scraping elevator (7) is slidably arranged up and down in the oil fume passage (2). The lowest point of the movement of the scraping elevator (7) is located between the smoke exhaust structure (6) and the air inlet (41), and the highest point is located at the top of the oil fume passage (2). The scraping elevator (7) includes a scraping blade assembly, a storage assembly and a piston assembly. The scraping blade assembly is used to fit on the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2) to scrape off oil stains and is stored through the storage assembly. The piston assembly uses the air pressure filled into the bottom by the air pump (4) to push the scraping elevator (7) to slide up and down. The smoke exhaust structure (6) includes a smoke inlet (61) connecting the smoke exhaust pipe (1) and the oil fume passage (2). A baffle (62) is rotatably arranged on the smoke inlet (61). During normal smoke exhaust, the baffle (62) is opened to connect the smoke exhaust pipe (1) and the oil fume passage (2). At this time, the scraping elevator (7) is located below the smoke exhaust structure (6). When cleaning the oil stains, the air pump (4) is started to fill the cavity below the scraping elevator (7) with gas. The air pressure drives the scraping elevator (7) to move up. The scraping elevator (7) moves up to push the baffle (62) to a position where it fits the smoke inlet (61), thereby closing the smoke inlet (61). The baffle (62) is firmly pressed against the smoke inlet (61) by the air pressure. After the cleaning is completed, the baffle (62) automatically opens when the air pressure decreases.

2. The self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to claim 1, wherein, A gas detector (5) is arranged at the side position near the top of the oil fume passage (2). An exhaust passage and a gas detection device are arranged in the gas detector (5). When the scraping elevator (7) moves to a position higher than the gas detector (5), the gas generated by the air pump (4) passes through the cleaned passage in the oil fume passage (2) and reaches the gas detector (5), so as to detect the residual polluted gas in the cleaned pipeline.

3. The self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to claim 2, wherein, The scraping elevator (7) includes a scraping blade (71) and an oil collecting plate (72). The scraping blade (71) fits on the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2) and a chamfered slope is arranged at the top of the scraping blade (71). The oil collecting plate (72) is a bottom plate arranged at the bottom of the scraping blade (71). The scraping blade assembly is composed of the scraping blade (71). The storage assembly is composed of the scraping blade (71) and the oil collecting plate (72). The container composed of the scraping blade (71) arranged on the side and the oil collecting plate (72) at the bottom is used to store the oil stains scraped off by the scraping blade (71).

4. The self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A liquid spraying component is also arranged at the middle position of the scraping elevator (7) for automatically spraying a cleaning agent when the resistance received by the scraping blade (71) is large. The liquid spraying component includes a cavity for containing the cleaning agent, and a plug for pressurizing the cleaning agent is arranged in the cavity. When the scraping blade (71) is blocked by the oil stains on the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2), the air pump (4) at the bottom continuously fills the gas to increase the air pressure, thereby pushing the plug to squeeze and spray the cleaning agent on the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2).

5. The self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston assembly is composed of a scraping blade (71) and an oil collecting plate (72). The side of the scraping blade (71) is attached to the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2). The oil collecting plate (72) seals the passage in the middle of the scraping blade (71), so that the scraping blade (71) and the oil collecting plate (72) form a piston. The cavity of the liquid spraying assembly is a liquid storage cylinder (73) fixed at the middle position of the oil collecting plate (72). The plug of the liquid spraying assembly is a disc-shaped piston (74) movably arranged in the liquid storage cylinder (73). A plurality of liquid spraying nozzles (731) are arranged around the top of the liquid storage cylinder (73). An opening is arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder (73), so that the bottom of the disc-shaped piston (74) is pushed by the air pressure at the bottom of the oil fume passage (2). When the oil scraping elevator (7) encounters a large resistance from the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2), the continuously increasing air pressure pushes the disc-shaped piston (74) to slide upward, so that the cleaning agent is sprayed from the liquid storage groove (761) onto the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2).

6. A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston assembly is a lifting plate (76) arranged below the oil collecting plate (72). The cavity of the liquid spraying assembly is a downwardly concave liquid storage groove (761) arranged at the middle position of the lifting plate (76). The plug of the liquid spraying assembly is a downwardly protruding pressing protrusion (721) arranged on the oil collecting plate (72) corresponding to the position of the liquid storage groove (761). The bottom of the pressing protrusion (721) is slidably arranged in the liquid storage groove (761). A liquid delivery pipe (75) is arranged in the pressing protrusion (721). A passage is arranged in the liquid delivery pipe (75). The bottom of the passage communicates with the cavity in the liquid storage groove (761). Spray holes (751) are arranged around the top of the passage. When the oil scraping elevator (7) encounters a large resistance from the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2), the continuously increasing air pressure pushes the lifting plate (76) to slide upward relative to the oil collecting plate (72), so that the pressing protrusion (721) presses the liquid storage groove (761) downward. Moreover, when the weight of the oil and grease collected in the oil collecting plate (72) increases, the downward weight received by the oil collecting plate (72) increases, thereby squeezing out the cleaning agent in the liquid storage groove (761), playing a role in reducing the total weight of the oil scraping elevator (7).

7. A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that, A magnetic attraction block (64) that attracts the baffle (62) to each other is also arranged on the smoke inlet (61) to improve the tightness when the baffle (62) is closed; The bottom of the baffle (62) is rotatably connected to the smoke inlet (61). An extension plate (63) is also arranged at the position below the rotation connection of the baffle (62). The baffle (62) and the extension plate (63) are integrated. The extension plate (63) protrudes into the oil fume passage (2) when the baffle (62) is attached to the smoke inlet (61). During the downward movement of the oil scraping elevator (7), the extension plate (63) is squeezed, so that the extension plate (63) rotates inward towards the inner wall of the oil fume passage (2), thereby making the baffle (62) rotate towards the inside of the oil fume passage (2).

8. A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that The fume passageway (2) is composed of multiple straight tubes. The straight tube includes a bottom tube (21) at the bottom, at least one middle tube (22) in the middle, and a top tube (23) at the top. The air inlet (41) and the smoke exhaust structure (6) are arranged on the bottom tube (21), the gas detector (5) is arranged on the top tube (23), and a rain shield (24) for rain protection is further arranged at the top of the top tube (23). A sealing gasket is arranged on the contact surface between two adjacent straight tubes, and two adjacent straight tubes are connected by bolts.

9. The self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to claim 8, characterized in that The side of the fume passageway (2) is fixed to the wall through a support angle steel (31). The bottom of the bottom tube (21) is fixed above a support bottom plate (32). The air pump (4) is also fixed above the support bottom plate (32). A protective cover (33) is further arranged on the support bottom plate (32), and the protective cover (33) is used to wrap the air pump (4) and a part of the smoke exhaust pipe (1) outside the wall.

10. A self-cleaning pipeline oil fume purification device according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that, The cutter head part of the scraper (71) is made of stainless steel, and the main body part of the scraper (71) and the oil receiving plate (72) are made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

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