Soil layer thickness measuring device and measuring method for land surveying and mapping

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of soil layer thickness measurement, and specifically to a soil layer thickness measuring device and method for land surveying, comprising a bracket, a first-level limit rod installed on the bracket, an adjustment assembly installed on the first-level limit rod, two lifting assemblies installed on the adjustment assembly, a liquid suction assembly fixedly installed on one of the lifting assemblies, and a drilling unit rotatably installed on the other lifting assembly; the present invention rotates a main gear, and the main gear drives two sub-gears to rotate at the same time, and the two sub-gears respectively drive corresponding transmission rods to rotate, and the transmission rod drives a drive disk to rotate, so that a negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons in the liquid suction box, and mud is sucked into the liquid suction box through the liquid suction filter hole. When the two pistons approach each other, the mud in the liquid suction box is squeezed and the mud is discharged out of the hole through two drainage pipes, so as to prevent the mud from affecting the normal operation of the detection head and improve the accuracy of thickness measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil layer thickness measurement, in particular to a soil layer thickness measurement device and a measurement method for land surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Measuring soil thickness is a critical task in engineering geological surveys, widely used in preliminary geological surveys for projects such as buildings, bridges, roads, tunnels, mining, and water conservancy projects. The goal is to determine the depth and thickness of different geological layers to provide basic data for engineering design. Measuring devices are required for this purpose.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN118089506A discloses a soil thickness measuring device for engineering surveying, comprising a support base, a moving device and a fixing device arranged below the support base, a position adjustment unit installed on the support base, an angle adjustment unit installed on the position adjustment unit, a telescopic unit installed on the angle adjustment unit, a soil drilling unit installed on one side of the telescopic unit, and a thickness measuring unit installed on the other side of the telescopic unit; the position adjustment unit comprises a power mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism, the power mechanism is installed on the support base, the position adjustment mechanism is installed on the power mechanism, the thickness measuring unit comprises a protective mechanism and a measuring mechanism, the protective mechanism is installed on the telescopic unit, and the measuring mechanism is installed inside the protective mechanism; the present invention has two postures, which improves the convenience of carrying and transportation, and at the same time improves the efficiency of soil thickness measurement.

[0004] There are still some problems with this device. The ground to be measured is drilled with an auger, and then the thickness of the soil layer is detected by inserting a measuring box into the borehole and cooperating with a detection head. However, in actual use, when drilling holes in the soil layer, in some high-humidity areas, there is moisture under the soil layer. When encountering clay layers or other sticky soil layers, bubbles or mud will be generated. These bubbles or mud may interfere with the normal detection of the probe, thereby affecting the normal measurement of the soil layer thickness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a soil layer thickness measuring device and a measuring method for land surveying and mapping, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a bracket, a primary limiting rod mounted on the bracket, an adjustment assembly mounted on the primary limiting rod, two lifting assemblies mounted on the adjustment assembly, one of the lifting assemblies having a liquid suction assembly fixedly mounted thereon, and the other lifting assembly having a drilling unit rotatably mounted thereon;

[0007] The liquid suction component includes a measuring tube, two groups of liquid suction filter holes are opened on the opposite sides of the measuring tube, two liquid suction boxes are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube, the two liquid suction boxes are located in the liquid suction filter hole area, a liquid suction tube is fixedly installed on one side of the two liquid suction boxes, a liquid suction box is fixedly installed on the top of the two liquid suction tubes, a liquid discharge pipe is fixedly installed on the upper side of the liquid suction box, the other end of the liquid discharge pipe extends to the outside of the measuring tube, a one-way valve is installed on the liquid suction pipe and the liquid discharge pipe, two pistons are slidably installed on the inner wall of the liquid suction box, a pull rod is installed on one side of the two pistons, and a reinforcement component is fixedly installed on one end of the pull rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the reinforcement assembly includes two reciprocating blocks, two pull rods are located between the two reciprocating blocks, and the two reciprocating blocks are fixedly connected to the ends of the pull rods on the corresponding sides. The tube wall of the measuring tube is provided with two sliding openings, and the two reciprocating blocks are correspondingly slidably installed in the two sliding openings. An extrusion plate is fixedly installed on one side of the reciprocating block, and a lower partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube, and a driving unit is rotatably installed on the lower partition.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving unit includes two transmission rods, both of which are rotatably mounted on the lower partition, and the bottom ends of the two transmission rods are fixedly mounted with a driving disk, and a pin is fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom of the driving disk. A long reciprocating opening is provided on the reciprocating block, and the pin slides into the reciprocating opening. A sub-gear is fixedly mounted on the top of the two transmission rods, and a main gear is rotatably mounted on the inner top wall of the measuring tube through a rotating shaft, and the main gear is engaged with the two sub-gears.

[0010] Furthermore, a detection head is fixedly installed on the upper side of the lower partition, two measuring ports are opened on the surface of the measuring tube, glass plates are fixedly installed in the two measuring ports, and a cleaning component is fixedly installed on the surface of the measuring tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes two cleaning air nozzles, both of which are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the measuring tube. The cleaning air nozzles are located on the upper side of the glass plate, and an air supply assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the liquid suction box.

[0012] Furthermore, the air supply assembly includes two exhaust pipes, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box and connected to the corresponding sides of the liquid suction box. A one-way valve is fixedly installed on each of the two exhaust pipes. The other ends of the two exhaust pipes pass through the pipe wall of the measuring tube and are fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning gas nozzle. One-way suction nozzles are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box, and an upper partition is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube. The two transmission rods are rotatably installed on the upper partition. The two exhaust pipes pass through the upper partition, and both the upper partition and the lower partition are provided with air holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes two first-level platforms, both of which are slidably installed on the surface of the first-level limit rod, and the inner wall of the bracket is rotatably installed with an adjustment threaded rod. Both of the first-level platforms are screwed onto the adjustment threaded rod, and an adjustment motor is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket, and the output end of the adjustment motor is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment threaded rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes two secondary limit rods, and the two secondary limit rods are fixedly installed on the lower sides of the two primary platforms respectively. The secondary platforms are slidably installed on the surfaces of the secondary limit rods. The measuring tube is fixed on the lower side of one of the secondary platforms. The primary platform is rotatably installed with a lifting screw through a bearing, and the secondary platform is screwed on the lifting screw. A lifting motor is fixedly installed on the upper side of the primary platform, and the output end of the lifting motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting screw. A driving motor is fixedly installed on the upper side of the secondary platform, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the upper side of the main gear. A scale rod is fixedly installed on the lower side of the primary platform, and a pointer is fixedly installed on one side of the corresponding secondary platform, and the pointer is attached to the surface of the scale rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the drilling unit includes a punch drill, which is rotatably mounted on the lower side of another secondary platform through a bearing. A punch motor is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the secondary platform, and the output end of the punch motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the punch drill.

[0016] A method for measuring soil thickness includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. First, the adjustment motor is started to drive the adjustment assembly to move, and the adjustment assembly drives the drilling drill to move. The drilling drill is moved to the area where the drilling thickness measurement is required and stops moving. The corresponding lifting motor is started to drive the lifting assembly to move, and the drilling motor drives the drilling drill to rotate, drilling the soil layer to be measured to form a drill hole for thickness measurement;

[0018] S2. Start the adjustment component again, move and align the measuring tube to the position just after drilling, start the corresponding lifting motor to drive the lifting component to move, insert the measuring tube into the hole through the guide head, and start the driving motor. The output end of the driving motor drives the driving unit, and the driving unit drives the liquid suction component to operate, sucking the mud in the hole through the liquid suction filter hole and discharging it to the outside of the measuring tube through the liquid discharge pipe, thereby removing the mud in the hole to prevent it from interfering with the detection of the detection head. When the mud is discharged, the inner wall of the drilled hole is squeezed and reinforced by the reinforcement component to prevent it from collapsing and causing the inability to detect;

[0019] S3. Observe the soil layer through the detection head and record the thickness of different soil layers with the help of the scale rod and pointer, thereby completing the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The main gear drives the two sub-gears to rotate at the same time, and the two sub-gears drive the corresponding transmission rods to rotate respectively. The transmission rod drives the driving plate to rotate, and the driving plate drives the pin to move. The driving plate drives the reciprocating block to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the reciprocating port. The two reciprocating blocks drive the two pull rods to move respectively, and the two pull rods drive the corresponding pistons to move respectively. When the two pistons move away from each other, negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons in the suction box, and the mud is sucked into the suction box through the suction filter hole. The suction box is transported to the suction box through the suction pipe. When the two pistons approach each other, the mud in the suction box is squeezed and discharged out of the hole through the two discharge pipes to prevent the mud from affecting the normal operation of the detection head and improve the accuracy of thickness measurement.

[0022] 2. When the two pistons approach each other, the one-way suction nozzle sucks gas into the area between the two sides of the inner wall of the liquid suction box and the pistons. When the two pistons move away from each other, the area between the two sides of the inner wall of the liquid suction box and the pistons is squeezed. At this time, the air on the inner wall of the liquid suction box is squeezed and transported to the one-way suction nozzle through the exhaust pipe. The pressurized gas is then ejected through the one-way suction nozzle to blow away the mud attached to the surface of the glass plate to prevent it from being contaminated on the surface and affecting the observation.

[0023] 3. The reciprocating block drives the extrusion plate to move toward the outside of the measuring tube to compact the inner wall of the hole to prevent the inner wall of the hole from collapsing, causing the bottom of the hole to be buried and affecting the thickness test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the measuring tube and its related structures of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle A area;

[0030] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid-absorbing component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the reinforcement component in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle B area;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the liquid suction box in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of the driving unit in the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. bracket; 2. primary limit rod; 3. primary platform; 4. secondary platform; 5. drilling drill; 6. measuring tube; 7. adjusting motor; 8. adjusting threaded rod; 9. lifting motor; 10. drilling motor; 11. secondary limit rod; 12. driving motor; 13. glass plate; 14. scale rod; 15. lifting screw; 16. pointer; 17. detection head; 18. extrusion plate; 19. guide head ; 20. Sub-gear; 21. Main gear; 22. Drain pipe; 23. Transmission rod; 24. Upper partition; 25. Cleaning air nozzle; 26. Lower partition; 27. Air vent; 28. Suction filter hole; 29. ​​Drive plate; 30. Pin shaft; 31. Reciprocating port; 32. Reciprocating block; 33. Suction box; 34. Exhaust pipe; 35. One-way suction nozzle; 36. Suction tube; 37. Suction box; 38. Piston; 39. Pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, people familiar with the art should understand that the detailed description given here in conjunction with the drawings is for better explanation, and the structure of the present invention necessarily exceeds these limited embodiments. For some equivalent replacement solutions or common means, they will not be described in detail herein, but they still fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] Figures 1-10 The best embodiment of the present invention is shown below in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-10 The present invention is further described.

[0038] like Figures 1-10 As shown, a soil thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping includes a bracket 1, a first-level limiting rod 2 is installed on the top of the bracket 1, an adjustment assembly is installed on the first-level limiting rod 2, and two lifting assemblies are installed on the adjustment assembly, one of the lifting assemblies is fixedly mounted with a liquid suction assembly, and the other lifting assembly is rotatably mounted with a drilling unit;

[0039] The liquid suction assembly includes a measuring tube 6, two sets of liquid suction filter holes 28 are opened on opposite sides of the measuring tube 6, and two liquid suction boxes 37 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube 6. The liquid suction box 37 is open toward the liquid suction filter holes 28 on the corresponding side and can be sealed with the inner wall of the measuring tube 6. At the same time, the liquid suction filter holes 28 on the corresponding side are covered inside. A liquid suction tube 36 is fixedly installed on one side of the two liquid suction boxes 37. The liquid suction tube 36 is connected to the liquid suction box 37 on the corresponding side. The top of the two liquid suction tubes 36 A liquid suction box 33 is fixedly installed, and the top end of the liquid suction tube 36 is connected to the liquid suction box 33. A liquid discharge tube 22 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the liquid suction box 33. The other end of the liquid discharge tube 22 extends to the outside of the measuring tube 6. A one-way valve is installed on both the liquid suction tube 36 and the liquid discharge tube 22. Two pistons 38 are slidably installed on the inner wall of the liquid suction box 33. The two pistons 38 are arranged side by side. A pull rod 39 is installed on the side of the two pistons 38 away from each other, and a reinforcement component is fixedly installed on one end of the pull rod 39.

[0040] With the above structure, the bracket 1 is a rectangular frame, on which an X-shaped reinforcement rib is installed to enhance the strength of the bracket 1. The adjustment component and the lifting component installed on the first-level limit rod 2 on the bracket 1 are respectively installed with the liquid suction component and the drilling unit. The liquid suction component and the drilling unit can be adjusted by the adjustment component. The bottom end of the measuring tube 6 on the liquid suction component is equipped with a guide head 19 in a conical shape to facilitate guiding the measuring tube 6. Two groups of liquid suction filter holes 28 are provided at the bottom position of the measuring tube 6 to filter large particles of sand and gravel in the mud. The corresponding two liquid suction boxes 37 fit the liquid suction filter holes 28, and the liquid suction tube 36 connected thereto is connected to the same liquid suction box 33. The upper side of the liquid suction box 33 discharges the mud through two drainage pipes 22 with equal flow, wherein the one-way valve on the liquid suction tube 36 is connected from the liquid suction box 37 to In the suction box 33, the one-way valve on the discharge pipe 22 extends from the suction box 33 to the outside of the measuring tube 6. Two pistons 38 are installed in the suction box 33. A sealing strip can be installed on the adjacent side of the piston 38 to improve the sealing while making the two pistons 38 fit together to prevent mud from remaining in the suction box 33. A pull rod 39 is installed on the other side of the two pistons 38 to facilitate driving the two pistons 38. When the two pistons 38 move away from each other, a negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons 38 in the suction box 33, and the mud is sucked into the suction box 37 through the suction filter hole 28, and is transported to the suction box 33 by the suction box 37 through the suction pipe 36. When the two pistons 38 approach each other, the mud in the suction box 33 is squeezed and discharged to the outside of the hole through the two discharge pipes 22.

[0041] Furthermore, the reinforcement assembly includes two reciprocating blocks 32, with two tie rods 39 positioned between them. Each reciprocating block 32 is fixedly connected to the end of the tie rod 39 on its corresponding side. The wall of the measuring tube 6 has two sliding openings, into which the two reciprocating blocks 32 slide. The extrusion plate 18 is fixedly mounted on one side of the reciprocating blocks 32. The inner wall of the measuring tube 6 is fixedly mounted with a lower partition 26, on which a drive unit is rotatably mounted. In this embodiment, the liquid suction box 33 is located below the lower partition 26.

[0042] With the above structure, the two reciprocating blocks 32 are in a horizontal L-shape, one side of which is fixedly connected to one end of the pull rod 39, and the other side is equipped with an arc-shaped extrusion plate 18, which can extrude and reinforce the inner wall of the hole during sampling. The lower partition 26 is located on the upper side of the two reciprocating blocks 32. The two reciprocating blocks 32 move away from or close to each other, thereby driving the two pistons 38 and the two extrusion plates 18 to move simultaneously, thereby reinforcing the inner wall of the hole and discharging the mud in the hole.

[0043] Furthermore, the drive unit includes two transmission rods 23, both of which are rotatably mounted on the lower partition 26, and the bottom ends of the two transmission rods 23 are fixedly mounted with a drive disk 29, and a pin shaft 30 is fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom of the drive disk 29. A long reciprocating opening 31 is opened on the reciprocating block 32, and the pin shaft 30 slides into the reciprocating opening 31. The top ends of the two transmission rods 23 are fixedly mounted with a sub-gear 20, and the top of the measuring tube 6 is rotatably mounted with a main gear 21 through a rotating shaft, and the main gear 21 is engaged with the two sub-gears 20.

[0044] With the above structure, the two transmission rods 23 are symmetrically installed on the lower partition 26. The outer ring area of ​​the driving disk 29 installed at the bottom end is installed with a cylindrical pin shaft 30. The main gear 21 rotates to drive the two sub-gears 20 to rotate. The two sub-gears 20 respectively drive the corresponding transmission rods 23 to rotate. The transmission rod 23 drives the driving disk 29 to rotate. The driving disk 29 drives the pin shaft 30 to move. The driving disk 29 drives the reciprocating block 32 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the reciprocating mouth 31 to provide power.

[0045] Furthermore, a detection head 17 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the lower partition 26, two measuring ports are opened on the surface of the measuring tube 6, glass plates 13 are fixedly installed in the two measuring ports, and a cleaning component is fixedly installed on the surface of the measuring tube 6.

[0046] With the above structure, two sets of cameras and lighting are installed on the detection head 17. By turning on the lighting and cameras in the hole, different soil layers can be surveyed and identified. The two detection areas of the detection head 17 coincide with the measuring port, and the measuring port is sealed and isolated by the glass plate 13.

[0047] Furthermore, the cleaning assembly includes two cleaning air nozzles 25 , both of which are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the measuring tube 6 . The cleaning air nozzles 25 are located on the upper side of the glass plate 13 , and an air supply assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the liquid suction box 33 .

[0048] With the above structure, the bottom of the cleaning gas nozzle 25 is arc-shaped with a small bottom opening and is attached to the surface of the measuring tube 6. When gas is supplied into the cleaning gas nozzle 25, the gas is ejected through the bottom to form a high-pressure air duct, which blows away the mud on the surface of the glass plate 13 and ensures the cleanliness of the surface of the glass plate 13.

[0049] Furthermore, the air supply assembly includes two exhaust pipes 34, which are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box 33 and connected to the corresponding sides of the liquid suction box 33. A one-way valve is fixedly installed on the two exhaust pipes 34. The other ends of the two exhaust pipes 34 pass through the measuring tube 6 and are connected to the cleaning gas nozzle 25. A one-way suction nozzle 35 is fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box 33. The inner wall of the measuring tube 6 is fixedly installed with an upper partition 24. The two transmission rods 23 are rotatably installed on the upper partition 24. The two exhaust pipes 34 pass through the upper partition 24. The upper partition 24 and the lower partition 26 are both provided with air vents 27.

[0050] By means of the above structure, the position where the two exhaust pipes 34 are connected is located in the area between the inner walls of the liquid suction box 33 on both sides and the piston 38. The direction of the one-way valve installed on the exhaust pipe 34 is from the liquid suction box 33 to the cleaning air nozzle 25. A one-way suction nozzle 35 is installed on the side where the liquid suction box 33 is connected to the two exhaust pipes 34. The direction of the one-way suction nozzle 35 is from the outside to the liquid suction box 33. An upper partition 24 and a lower partition 26 are installed in the measuring tube 6 to protect the detection head 17, and can also improve the connection stability of the transmission rod 23 and the exhaust pipe 34. Air vents 27 are provided on the upper partition 24 and the lower partition 26, and a suction hole is provided at the top of the measuring tube 6 to maintain the air pressure balance in the measuring tube 6.

[0051] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes two first-level platforms 3, both of which are slidably installed on the first-level limit rod 2, and an adjustment threaded rod 8 is rotatably installed on the bracket 1. Both of the first-level platforms 3 are screwed onto the adjustment threaded rod 8, and an adjustment motor 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the bracket 1. The output end of the adjustment motor 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment threaded rod 8.

[0052] With the above structure, the two first-level platforms 3 are the same size and are controlled and adjusted by adjusting the threaded rod 8. The adjustment motor 7 installed on one side of the bracket 1 is a servo motor, which facilitates the simultaneous adjustment of the positions of the two first-level platforms 3 by adjusting the threaded rod 8.

[0053] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes two secondary limit rods 11, which are fixedly installed on the lower sides of the two primary platforms 3 respectively. The secondary platforms 4 are slidably installed on the secondary limit rods 11, and the measuring tube 6 is fixed on the lower side of one of the secondary platforms 4. A lifting screw 15 is rotatably installed on the primary platform 3 through a bearing, and the secondary platform 4 is screwed on the lifting screw 15. A lifting motor 9 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the primary platform 3, and the output end of the lifting motor 9 is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the lifting screw 15. A drive motor 12 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the secondary platform 4, and the output end of the drive motor 12 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the main gear 21. A scale rod 14 is fixedly installed on the lower side of the primary platform 3, and a pointer 16 is fixedly installed on one side of the corresponding secondary platform 4, and the pointer 16 is attached to the surface of the scale rod 14.

[0054] With the above structure, the secondary limit rods 11 of the same size are respectively installed on the lower sides of the two primary platforms 3, and the two secondary platforms 4 of the same size are correspondingly slidably installed on the two secondary limit rods 11, and the lifting screws 15 of the same size are installed thereon. The bottom ends of the two lifting screws 15 are installed with limit rings to prevent the secondary platform 4 from separating from the surface of the lifting screw 15. The lifting motor 9 installed on the upper side of the secondary platform 4 can drive the lifting screw 15 to rotate, thereby adjusting the height of the secondary platform 4, and an avoidance opening is opened on the upper side of the primary platform 3 for avoiding the lifting motor 9. One of the secondary platforms 4 is installed with a drive motor 12 to provide power to the main gear 21, and a pointer 16 is also installed on one side of the secondary platform 4 connected to it, and a scale rod 14 is installed on the lower side of the associated primary platform 3. When the secondary platform 4 drives the measuring tube 6 to descend, it will also drive the pointer 16 to descend, and cooperate with the scale rod 14 to record the descent depth, thereby detecting the thickness of different soil layers.

[0055] Furthermore, the drilling unit includes a punch drill 5, which is rotatably mounted on the lower side of another secondary platform 4 through a bearing. A punch motor 10 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the secondary platform 4, and the output end of the punch motor 10 is coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the punch drill 5.

[0056] With the above structure, the drilling drill 5 is composed of a drill bit and a drill body, which is the existing technology. Its height is consistent with the height of the measuring tube 6. The drilling drill 5 is driven by the drilling motor 10 to rotate and drill holes in the soil to form measuring holes.

[0057] Working principle: When in use, first move the device to the area where measurement is required, start the adjusting motor 7, and the adjusting motor 7 drives the adjusting threaded rod 8 to rotate. The adjusting threaded rod 8 drives the two first-level platforms 3 to move at the same time under the action of the first-level limit rod 2. One of the first-level platforms 3 drives the corresponding second-level limit rod 11 to move, and the second-level limit rod 11 drives the corresponding second-level platform 4 to move. The second-level platform 4 drives the punching drill 5 to move, and the punching drill 5 is moved to the area where drilling is required and stops moving. Then, the corresponding lifting motor 9 and the punching motor 10 are started, and the lifting motor 9 drives the lifting screw 15 to rotate and drives the corresponding second-level platform 4 to move downward under the action of the second-level limit rod 11. At the same time, the punching drill 5 is driven to rotate by the punching motor 10 to drill the soil layer to be measured to form a hole for detecting the thickness.

[0058] Start the adjustment motor 7 again to make another secondary platform 4 drive the measuring tube 6 to move, move and align the measuring tube 6 to the position where the hole needs to be drilled and stop moving, start the corresponding lifting motor 9 to drive the corresponding secondary platform 4 to move downward, and the secondary platform 4 drives the measuring tube 6 to move downward into the hole, and start the drive motor 12 at the same time. The output end of the drive motor 12 drives the main gear 21 to rotate, and the main gear 21 drives the two sub-gears 20 to rotate at the same time. The two sub-gears 20 respectively drive the corresponding transmission rods 23 to rotate, and the transmission rod 23 drives the driving disk 29 to rotate, and the driving disk 29 drives the pin 30 to move, and the driving disk 29 drives the reciprocating block 32 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion through the reciprocating mouth 31, and the reciprocating block 32 drives the extruder The pressure plate 18 moves toward the outside of the measuring tube 6 to compact the inner wall of the hole to prevent the inner wall of the hole from collapsing, causing the bottom of the hole to be buried and affecting the thickness test. When the two reciprocating blocks 32 move, they respectively drive the two pull rods 39 to move, and the two pull rods 39 respectively drive the corresponding pistons 38 to move. When the two pistons 38 move away from each other, a negative pressure is formed in the area between the two pistons 38 in the suction box 33, and the mud is sucked into the suction box 37 through the suction filter hole 28, and is transported to the suction box 33 by the suction tube 36. When the two pistons 38 approach each other, the mud in the suction box 33 is squeezed and discharged to the outside of the hole through the two discharge pipes 22 to prevent the mud from affecting the normal operation of the detection head 17.

[0059] When the liquid in the hole is sucked, when the two pistons 38 approach each other, the gas is sucked into the area between the two sides of the inner wall of the liquid suction box 33 and the piston 38 through the one-way suction nozzle 35. When the two pistons 38 move away from each other, the area between the two sides of the inner wall of the liquid suction box 33 and the piston 38 is squeezed. At this time, the air on the inner wall of the liquid suction box 33 is squeezed and transported to the one-way suction nozzle 35 through the exhaust pipe 34, and then the pressurized gas is ejected through the one-way suction nozzle 35 to blow off and clean the mud attached to the surface of the glass plate 13 to prevent it from being contaminated on its surface and affecting observation.

[0060] After the inner wall of the hole is reinforced and the mud is drained, the soil layer is observed through the detection head 17 and the thickness of different soil layers is recorded in conjunction with the scale rod 14 and the pointer 16, thereby completing the measurement of the soil layer thickness.

[0061] The present invention also provides a method for using a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1. First, the adjustment motor 7 is started to drive the adjustment assembly to move, and the adjustment assembly drives the drilling drill 5 to move. The drilling drill 5 is moved to the area where the drilling thickness measurement is required and stops moving. The corresponding lifting motor 9 is started to drive the lifting assembly to move, and the drilling motor 10 drives the drilling drill 5 to rotate, drilling the soil layer to be measured to form a drill hole for thickness measurement;

[0063] S2. Start the adjustment component again, move and align the measuring tube 6 to the position where the hole needs to be drilled, start the corresponding lifting motor 9 to drive the lifting component to move, insert the measuring tube 6 into the hole through the guide head 19, and start the driving motor 12. The output end of the driving motor 12 drives the driving unit, and the driving unit drives the liquid suction component to operate, so that the mud in the hole is sucked in through the liquid suction filter hole 28 and discharged to the outside of the measuring tube 6 through the drainage pipe 22, thereby removing the mud in the hole to prevent it from interfering with the detection of the detection head 17. When the mud is discharged, the inner wall of the borehole is squeezed and reinforced by the reinforcement component to prevent it from collapsing and causing an undetectable situation;

[0064] S3. Observe the soil layer through the detection head 17 and record the thickness of different soil layers in conjunction with the scale rod 14 and the pointer 16, thereby completing the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer.

[0065] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any other manner. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed technical content to modify or modify the present invention into equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications to the above embodiments that do not depart from the technical content of the present invention and are based on the technical essence of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping, comprising a bracket (1), characterized in that: The bracket (1) is provided with a first-level limiting rod (2), an adjusting assembly is provided on the first-level limiting rod (2), and two lifting assemblies are provided on the adjusting assembly, one of the lifting assemblies is provided with a liquid suction assembly fixedly mounted thereon, and the other lifting assembly is provided with a drilling unit rotatably mounted thereon; The liquid suction component includes a measuring tube (6), two groups of liquid suction filter holes (28) are opened on opposite sides of the measuring tube (6), two liquid suction boxes (37) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube (6), the two liquid suction boxes (37) are located in the area of ​​the liquid suction filter holes (28), a liquid suction tube (36) is fixedly installed on one side of the two liquid suction boxes (37), a liquid suction box (33) is fixedly installed on the top of the two liquid suction tubes (36), a liquid discharge pipe (22) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the liquid suction box (33), the other end of the liquid discharge pipe (22) extends to the outside of the measuring tube (6), a one-way valve is installed on the liquid suction pipe (36) and the liquid discharge pipe (22), two pistons (38) are slidably installed on the inner wall of the liquid suction box (33), a pull rod (39) is installed on one side of the two pistons (38), and a reinforcement component is fixedly installed on one end of the pull rod (39).

2. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement component includes two reciprocating blocks (32), two pull rods (39) are located between the two reciprocating blocks (32), and the two reciprocating blocks (32) are fixedly connected to the ends of the pull rods (39) on the corresponding sides. The tube wall of the measuring tube (6) is provided with two sliding openings, and the two reciprocating blocks (32) are correspondingly slidably installed in the two sliding openings. An extrusion plate (18) is fixedly installed on one side of the reciprocating block (32), and a lower partition (26) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube (6), and a driving unit is rotatably installed on the lower partition (26).

3. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving unit comprises two transmission rods (23), both of which are rotatably mounted on the lower partition (26), the bottom ends of the two transmission rods (23) are fixedly mounted with a driving disk (29), a pin shaft (30) is fixedly mounted on one side of the bottom of the driving disk (29), a long reciprocating opening (31) is provided on the reciprocating block (32), the pin shaft (30) slides into the reciprocating opening (31), the top ends of the two transmission rods (23) are fixedly mounted with a sub-gear (20), the inner top wall of the measuring tube (6) is rotatably mounted with a main gear (21), and the main gear (21) is meshed with the two sub-gears (20).

4. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: A detection head (17) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the lower partition (26), two measuring ports are opened on the surface of the measuring tube (6), glass plates (13) are fixedly mounted in both measuring ports, and a cleaning component is fixedly mounted on the surface of the measuring tube (6).

5. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly comprises two cleaning air nozzles (25), both of which are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the measuring tube (6). The cleaning air nozzles (25) are located on the upper side of the glass plate (13), and an air supply assembly is fixedly mounted on the side of the liquid suction box (33).

6. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air supply assembly includes two exhaust pipes (34), the two exhaust pipes (34) are fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box (33) and are connected to the corresponding sides of the liquid suction box (33), and a one-way valve is fixedly installed on each of the two exhaust pipes (34). The other ends of the two exhaust pipes (34) pass through the pipe wall of the measuring tube (6) and are fixedly connected to one side of the cleaning gas nozzle (25). A one-way suction nozzle (35) is fixedly installed on both sides of the liquid suction box (33), an upper partition (24) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the measuring tube (6), the two transmission rods (23) are rotatably installed on the upper partition (24), the two exhaust pipes (34) pass through the upper partition (24), and the upper partition (24) and the lower partition (26) are both provided with air holes (27).

7. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment component comprises two first-level platforms (3), both of the first-level platforms (3) are slidably mounted on the surface of the first-level limit rod (2), an adjustment threaded rod (8) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the bracket (1), and both of the first-level platforms (3) are screwed onto the adjustment threaded rod (8), an adjustment motor (7) is fixedly mounted on one side of the bracket (1), and an output end of the adjustment motor (7) is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment threaded rod (8).

8. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises two secondary limit rods (11), the two secondary limit rods (11) are fixedly mounted on the lower sides of the two primary platforms (3), the secondary platform (4) is slidably mounted on the surface of the secondary limit rods (11), the measuring tube (6) is fixed on the lower side of one of the secondary platforms (4), the primary platform (3) is rotatably mounted with a lifting screw (15), the secondary platform (4) is screwed onto the lifting screw (15), a lifting motor (9) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the primary platform (3), the output end of the lifting motor (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the lifting screw (15), a driving motor (12) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the secondary platform (4), the output end of the driving motor (12) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the main gear (21), wherein a scale rod (14) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the primary platform (3), wherein a pointer (16) is fixedly mounted on one side of the corresponding secondary platform (4), and the pointer (16) is attached to the surface of the scale rod (14).

9. The soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drilling unit comprises a punching drill (5), which is rotatably mounted on the lower side of another secondary platform (4) via a bearing, and a punching motor (10) is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the secondary platform (4), wherein the output end of the punching motor (10) is coaxially fixedly connected to the top end of the punching drill (5).

10. A measuring method for a soil layer thickness measuring device for land surveying and mapping according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. First, the adjusting motor (7) is started to drive the adjusting component to move, and the adjusting component drives the drilling drill (5) to move, and the drilling drill (5) is moved to the area where the drilling thickness measurement is required and stops moving, and the corresponding lifting motor (9) is started to drive the lifting component to move, and the drilling drill (5) is driven to rotate by the drilling motor (10), and a hole is drilled in the soil layer to be measured, so that a hole for detecting the thickness is formed; S2, start the adjustment component again, move and align the measuring tube (6) to the position where the hole needs to be drilled, start the corresponding lifting motor (9) to drive the lifting component to move, insert the measuring tube (6) into the hole through the guide head (19), and start the driving motor (12), the output end of the driving motor (12) drives the driving unit, and the driving unit drives the liquid suction component to operate, sucking the mud in the hole through the liquid suction filter hole (28) and discharging it to the outside of the measuring tube (6) through the liquid discharge pipe (22), thereby removing the mud in the hole to prevent it from interfering with the detection of the detection head (17). When the mud is discharged, the inner wall of the borehole is squeezed and reinforced by the reinforcement component to prevent it from collapsing and causing the situation that it cannot be detected; S3. Observe the soil layer through the detection head (17) and record the thickness of different soil layers in conjunction with the scale rod (14) and the pointer (16), thereby completing the measurement of the thickness of the soil layer.

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