Air quality detection device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air detection, in particular to an air quality detection device which comprises a shell structure and a gas detection assembly. The shell structure is provided with a plurality of detection channels, and air inlet holes communicated with the detection channels are formed in the shell structure; the gas detection assembly comprises at least two gas detection sensors, and the detection indexes of the at least two gas detection sensors are different; wherein at least one gas detection sensor is a PM2.5 sensor, and the PM2.5 sensor is arranged close to the gas inlet hole. According to the air quality detection device, by optimizing the layout of the PM2.5 sensor, the problem of air flow dynamic influence in the prior art is effectively solved, the interference of eddy current or turbulent flow generated when the air flow passes through a bent channel on the detection result of the sensor is avoided, and the detection precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of air detection, and particularly to an air quality detection device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing attention of people to air quality, the air quality detection technology inside and outside vehicles has gradually become a research hotspot. The detection accuracy of traditional in-vehicle air quality sensors is not good, making it impossible to comprehensively evaluate air quality, thus affecting the health and comfort of passengers. Especially in urban environments, the impact of vehicle emissions, dust, and other pollution sources on air quality is significant. Therefore, the demand for in-vehicle air quality detection technology is becoming more urgent. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an air quality detection device and a vehicle, which are used to solve the problem of poor detection accuracy of traditional air quality detection devices.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides an air quality detection device, including:

[0005] A housing structure provided with a plurality of detection channels, and the housing structure is provided with an air inlet hole communicating with the detection channels;

[0006] A gas detection component, the gas detection component includes at least two gas detection sensors, and the detection indexes of at least two of the gas detection sensors are different;

[0007] At least one of the gas detection sensors is a PM2.5 sensor, and the PM2.5 sensor is arranged close to the air inlet hole.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, at least one of the gas detection sensors is a carbon dioxide sensor, and / or at least one of the gas detection sensors is an AQS sensor.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the housing structure includes a duct assembly, and the duct assembly is formed with a plurality of the detection channels;

[0010] At least two of the gas detection sensors are respectively located in different detection channels.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the duct assembly includes a wind guiding rib, the wind guiding rib encloses a detection cavity, and the gas detection sensor is arranged in the detection cavity.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the duct assembly further includes a duct frame, the duct frame is provided with the air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole communicates with the detection cavity.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the air duct frame is provided with exhaust holes, the exhaust holes communicate with the detection cavity, and the intake hole, the detection cavity and the exhaust holes together form the detection channel.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the detection channel includes a first detection channel and a second detection channel, and the number of the gas detection components is two groups. The two groups of gas detection components are respectively arranged in the first detection channel and the second detection channel.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the two groups of gas detection components are respectively a first gas detection component and a second gas detection component. The first gas detection component includes the PM2.5 sensor and the carbon dioxide sensor, and the second gas detection component includes the PM2.5 sensor and the AQS sensor.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the intake hole includes a first intake hole;

[0017] The first detection channel includes a first cavity and a second cavity that are connected; the first cavity is located on the side of the second cavity close to the first intake hole and communicates with the first intake hole;

[0018] The PM2.5 sensor is arranged in the first cavity, and the carbon dioxide sensor is arranged in the second cavity.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the air guiding rib includes a first air guiding body and a second air guiding body that are connected. The first air guiding body encloses the first cavity, and the second air guiding body encloses the second cavity.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the carbon dioxide sensor is detachably connected to the air duct assembly, and the carbon dioxide sensor is used to detect the gas in the second cavity.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly is further provided with a first flow buffering part, and the first flow buffering part is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the extending direction of the first flow buffering part and the air flow direction in the first cavity are arranged at an angle.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the angle between the extending direction of the first flow buffering part and the air flow direction in the first cavity is R, and 0° < R ≤ 90°.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the number of the first flow buffering parts is multiple, and the multiple first flow buffering parts are arranged at intervals along the air flow direction in the first cavity.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the air inlet hole includes a second air inlet hole;

[0026] The second detection channel includes a third cavity and a fourth cavity that are connected and communicated; the third cavity is located on a side of the fourth cavity close to the second air inlet hole and is communicated with the second air inlet hole;

[0027] The PM2.5 sensor is disposed in the third cavity, and the AQS sensor is disposed in the fourth cavity.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the air guiding rib includes a third air guiding body and a fourth air guiding body that are connected; the third air guiding body encloses the third cavity, and the fourth air guiding body encloses the fourth cavity.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the AQS sensor is detachably connected to the air duct assembly, and the AQS sensor is configured to detect the gas in the fourth cavity.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly is further provided with a second flow slowing portion, and the second flow slowing portion is disposed between the third cavity and the fourth cavity.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the extending direction of the second flow slowing portion is disposed at an angle with the air flow direction in the third cavity.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the angle between the extending direction of the second flow slowing portion and the air flow direction in the third cavity is R, and 0° < R ≤ 90°.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the number of the second flow slowing portions is multiple, and the multiple second flow slowing portions are arranged at intervals along the air flow direction in the third cavity.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the PM2.5 sensor includes a laser module and a light receiving module, the laser module and the light receiving module are oppositely arranged, and an optical path (L) is formed between the laser module and the light receiving module, and the optical path (L) at least passes through the detection channel.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly is further provided with a receiving cavity communicated with the detection channel, the laser module is disposed in the receiving cavity and is configured to emit laser light toward the detection channel;

[0036] At least a part of the sensing end of the light receiving module is located in the detection channel and is configured to receive the laser light.

[0037] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly includes a first mounting rib that encloses the accommodation cavity, and the first mounting rib is provided with a first light-passing hole that communicates with the accommodation cavity and the first cavity respectively;

[0038] The optical path (L) passes through the first light-passing hole.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly further includes a diaphragm member, and the diaphragm member and the first mounting rib enclose to form the first light-passing hole.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the diaphragm member is provided with a first light-passing groove, the first mounting rib is provided with a first accommodation groove, the diaphragm member is accommodated in the first accommodation groove, and the inner wall of the first light-passing groove and a partial wall surface of the first accommodation groove enclose to form the first light-passing hole.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly is further provided with a light-receiving cavity, and the light-receiving cavity and the accommodation cavity communicate with the detection channel respectively, and at least part of the laser is emitted into the light-receiving cavity.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the direction of the accommodation cavity facing the light-receiving cavity is the first direction, and the first direction is arranged at an angle with the air flow direction in the detection channel.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly further includes a second mounting rib that encloses the light-receiving cavity, and the second mounting rib is further provided with a second light-passing hole for optically conducting the light-receiving cavity and the first cavity.

[0044] In a possible implementation, an extinction portion is provided on the inner wall of the second mounting rib facing the light-receiving cavity, and the extinction portion is used to absorb the laser emitted by the laser module.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly further includes a diaphragm member, and the diaphragm member and the second mounting rib enclose to form the second light-passing hole.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the diaphragm member is provided with a second light-passing groove, the second mounting rib is provided with a second accommodation groove, the diaphragm member is accommodated in the second accommodation groove, and the inner wall of the second light-passing groove and a partial wall surface of the second accommodation groove enclose to form the second light-passing hole.

[0047] In a possible implementation, the air duct assembly further includes a spacer block that is connected to the housing structure and is located in the detection channel, and the spacer block e is disposed opposite to the light-receiving module.

[0048] In a possible implementation manner, the air duct assembly further includes a guide air duct, and a diversion channel is provided inside the guide air duct.

[0049] In a possible implementation manner, the guide air duct is disposed in the detection channel, and the diversion channel is respectively communicated with the first cavity and the air inlet hole.

[0050] In a possible implementation manner, the guide air duct is provided with a plurality of bending segments, and the plurality of bending segments are connected in sequence.

[0051] In a possible implementation manner, the plurality of bending segments are disposed on the optical path (L).

[0052] In a possible implementation manner, the housing structure includes a lower housing and an upper housing;

[0053] One of the upper housing and the lower housing is provided with a buckle, and the other of the upper housing and the lower housing is provided with a clamping portion;

[0054] The upper housing and the lower housing are clamped and connected through the buckle and the clamping portion.

[0055] In a possible implementation manner, the lower housing is provided with an installation groove, the air duct assembly includes an air inlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is accommodated in the installation groove, and the air inlet pipe is communicated with the detection channel.

[0056] In a possible implementation manner, the lower housing is provided with an exhaust port, and the exhaust port is communicated with the detection channel.

[0057] In a possible implementation manner, the air guide rib is connected to the air duct frame, the air duct assembly further includes an air duct gasket, the air duct gasket is connected to the air duct frame and covers the air guide rib, and the air duct gasket and the air guide rib enclose to form the detection cavity.

[0058] In a possible implementation manner, the air duct gasket is provided with a receiving hole for receiving the gas detection component.

[0059] In a possible implementation manner, the air quality detection device further includes a negative pressure component, the negative pressure component is disposed on the housing structure, and the negative pressure component is used to drive the external air flow to flow along the detection channel and discharge the detection channel.

[0060] In a possible implementation manner, an installation cavity is provided inside the housing structure, and the installation cavity is communicated with the detection channel.

[0061] In a possible implementation manner, the negative pressure component is disposed in the installation cavity.

[0062] In a possible implementation manner, the exhaust port communicates with the installation cavity.

[0063] In a possible implementation manner, the negative pressure assembly includes a negative pressure fan.

[0064] In a possible implementation manner, the negative pressure assembly further includes a first gasket, and the first gasket covers the negative pressure fan.

[0065] In a possible implementation manner, the first gasket is located between the negative pressure fan and the housing structure.

[0066] In a possible implementation manner, the negative pressure assembly further includes a second gasket, and the second gasket is disposed around the outside of the negative pressure fan.

[0067] In a possible implementation manner, the second gasket is located between the inner wall of the installation cavity and the outer wall of the negative pressure fan.

[0068] In a possible implementation manner, the housing structure is further provided with a wind collecting portion, and the wind collecting portion is provided with a wind collecting channel; the wind collecting channel communicates with the installation cavity and the exhaust port respectively.

[0069] In a possible implementation manner, along the gas flow direction in the detection channel, the inner diameter of the wind collecting portion gradually decreases.

[0070] In a possible implementation manner, the air quality detection device further includes a circuit component, and the circuit component is connected to the housing structure.

[0071] In a possible implementation manner, the circuit component includes a circuit board, and the circuit board is communicatively connected to the gas detection component.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the circuit component further includes a shielding cover, and the shielding cover is detachably connected to the circuit board.

[0073] In a possible implementation manner, the circuit board is provided with a fixing clip, at least a part of the shielding cover covers the circuit board, and the shielding cover is detachably connected to the fixing clip.

[0074] The second aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, including:

[0075] A vehicle body; and

[0076] The air quality detection device as described in any one of the above, and two of the detection channels of the air quality detection device communicate with the external environment and the internal environment of the vehicle body respectively.

[0077] Implementing the embodiments of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0078] In the air quality detection device of this embodiment, by providing multiple detection channels and multiple gas detection sensors, multiple detections of different gas pollutants are realized, enabling the detection device to comprehensively evaluate the air quality inside and outside the vehicle.

[0079] By integrating different types of gas sensors, this device can simultaneously monitor the concentrations of multiple gas components, thereby providing more accurate and comprehensive air quality data. This multi-functional detection ability significantly improves the authenticity and reliability of air quality monitoring, ensuring the health and comfort of passengers during travel.

[0080] In addition, the design of setting multiple detection channels further optimizes the gas flow path, improves the response speed and detection accuracy of the sensors, and significantly reduces the detection delay problem caused by gas diffusion. This enables the device to accurately reflect the air quality status in a rapidly changing urban environment, ensuring the real-time sense of security of passengers.

[0081] In this embodiment, the detection accuracy of the PM2.5 sensor is affected by the flow state of the air to be detected. By opening air intake holes in the housing structure, the air to be detected enters the detection channels in the housing structure through the air intake holes. By setting the PM2.5 sensor on the side close to the air intake hole, the air to be detected on the side close to the air intake hole, due to no vortex or turbulence generated under the influence of the detection channels, the air to be detected with a stable flow state can avoid affecting the detection result of the PM2.5 sensor, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the air quality detection device.

[0082] In summary, the air quality detection device of this embodiment, through its multi-source detection ability and highly responsive design, solves the limitations of traditional technologies, improves the comprehensive evaluation ability of air quality, and provides users with a high-quality air quality monitoring solution. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0083] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0084] Figure 1 Shows an exploded view of the air quality detection device in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0085] Figure 2 Shows a top view of the air duct frame in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 3 shows Figure 2 an enlarged view of local area A therein;

[0087] Figure 4 shows a partially enlarged schematic view of the air duct frame in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 5 shows a schematic structural view of the air duct gasket in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 6 shows a combined structural schematic view of the air duct frame and the circuit component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 7 shows a top view of the air duct frame in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 8 shows a partial structural exploded view of the air duct assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 9 shows an exploded view of the circuit component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Reference numerals:

[0094] 10 - Air quality detection device;

[0095] 100 - Housing structure; 110 - Air duct assembly; 111 - Air guiding rib; 1111 - First air guiding body; 11111 - First cavity; 1112 - Second air guiding body; 11121 - Second cavity; 1113 - Third air guiding body; 11131 - Third cavity; 1114 - Fourth air guiding body; 11141 - Fourth cavity; 112 - Air duct frame; 1121 - Air inlet hole; 11211 - First air inlet hole; 11212 - Second air inlet hole; 1122 - Exhaust hole; 1123 - First flow - buffering part; 1124 - Second flow - buffering part; 1125 - First mounting rib; 11251 - Accommodating cavity; 11252 - First accommodating groove; 1126 - Second mounting rib; 11261 - Light - receiving cavity; 11262 - Light - extinction part; 11263 - Second accommodating groove; 113 - Diaphragm member; 1131 - First light - passing groove; 1132 - Second light - passing groove; 114 - Spacer; 115 - Air duct; 1151 - Bent section; 116 - Air inlet pipe; 117 - Air duct gasket; 1171 - Accommodating hole; 120 - Lower shell; 121 - Clamping part; 122 - Mounting groove; 123 - Exhaust port; 124 - Mounting cavity; 125 - Exhaust pipe; 130 - Upper shell; 131 - Buckle; 140 - Air collecting part;

[0096] 200 - Gas detection component; 210 - PM2.5 sensor; 211 - Laser module; 212 - Light receiving module; 220 - Carbon dioxide sensor; 230 - AQS sensor;

[0097] 300 - Negative pressure component; 310 - Negative pressure fan; 320 - First gasket; 330 - Second gasket;

[0098] 400 - Circuit component; 410 - Circuit board; 411 - Fixing clip; 420 - Shielding cover;

[0099] G - Airflow path; L - Optical path. Detailed implementation manners

[0100] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0101] With the increasing attention of people to air quality, the air quality detection technology inside and outside vehicles has gradually become a research hotspot. The poor detection accuracy of traditional in-vehicle air quality sensors makes it impossible to comprehensively evaluate air quality, thus affecting the health and comfort of passengers. Especially in urban environments, the impact of vehicle emissions, dust and other pollution sources on air quality is significant. Therefore, the demand for in-vehicle air quality detection technology is becoming more urgent.

[0102] Specifically, in the existing air quality detection devices, the PM2.5 detection is usually arranged inside the detection channel, and the design of this detection channel often includes multiple curved extension segments. Such a structure significantly affects the airflow when passing through. When the airflow passes through these curved extension segments, due to the change of the space inside the channel and the change of the airflow velocity, the airflow often forms vortices or turbulences. These unstable flow states not only make the distribution of the airflow disordered, but also may cause interference to the detection of gas components, and finally significantly reduce the detection accuracy of PM2.5. This deficiency in design, especially in the frequently changing air quality scenarios in urban environments, often leads to a significant discount in the reliability of monitoring data, thus affecting the user's actual evaluation of air quality.

[0103] Based on this, refer to Figures 1 to 9As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air quality detection device 10, which includes a housing structure 100 and a gas detection component 200; the housing structure 100 is provided with a plurality of detection channels, and the housing structure 100 is provided with an air inlet hole 1121 communicating with the detection channels; the gas detection component 200 includes at least two gas detection sensors, and the detection indexes of the at least two gas detection sensors are different; at least one of the gas detection sensors is a PM2.5 sensor 210, and the PM2.5 sensor 210 is arranged close to the air inlet hole 1121.

[0104] In the air quality detection device 10 of this embodiment, by providing a plurality of detection channels and a plurality of gas detection sensors, multiple detections of different gas pollutants are realized, so that the detection device can comprehensively evaluate the air quality inside and outside the vehicle.

[0105] By integrating different types of gas sensors, this device can simultaneously monitor the concentrations of multiple gas components, and then provide more accurate and comprehensive air quality data. This multi-functional detection ability significantly improves the authenticity and reliability of air quality monitoring, ensuring the health and comfort of passengers during travel.

[0106] In addition, the design of setting a plurality of detection channels further optimizes the gas flow path, improves the response speed and detection accuracy of the sensors, and significantly reduces the detection delay problem caused by gas diffusion. This enables the device to accurately reflect the air quality status in a rapidly changing urban environment, ensuring the real-time sense of security of passengers.

[0107] In this embodiment, the detection accuracy of the PM2.5 sensor 210 is affected by the flow state of the air to be detected. By opening the air inlet hole 1121 in the housing structure 100, the air to be detected enters the detection channels in the housing structure 100 through the air inlet hole 1121. Further, by arranging the PM2.5 sensor 210 on the side close to the air inlet hole 1121, the air to be detected on the side close to the air inlet hole 1121, since it does not generate eddy currents or turbulences under the influence of the detection channels, the air to be detected with a stable flow state can avoid affecting the detection result of the PM2.5 sensor 210, so as to improve the detection accuracy of the air quality detection device 10.

[0108] In summary, the air quality detection device 10 of this embodiment solves the limitations of the traditional technology through its multi-source detection ability and high-response design, improves the comprehensive evaluation ability of air quality, and provides a high-quality air quality monitoring solution for users.

[0109] It should be noted that the air flow path G shown in the drawings is the flow path of the external gas of the air quality detection device 10 along the detection channel in this embodiment. The air flow direction mentioned hereinafter can be the orientation at the reference point in the air flow path G. This air flow direction can be a virtual direction or the air flow direction of a partial paragraph of the air flow path G. For specific understanding, reference can be made to the drawings, and no unique limitation is made here.

[0110] In one embodiment, at least one of the gas detection sensors is a carbon dioxide sensor 220, and / or at least one of the gas detection sensors is an AQS sensor 230.

[0111] In the air quality detection device 10 of this embodiment, by providing a plurality of detection channels in cooperation with the gas detection assembly 200, the problem of the single function of the traditional vehicle-mounted air quality detection device 10 is effectively solved. By introducing the PM2.5 sensor 210, the carbon dioxide sensor 220, and the AQS sensor 230, both gas detection channels can be detected by the PM2.5 sensor 210. The carbon dioxide sensor 220 can detect carbon dioxide, and the AQS sensor 230 can be used to detect the control quality to comprehensively evaluate the air pollution status in different environments, thereby enhancing the detection effect of the air quality detection device 10.

[0112] In one embodiment, the housing structure 100 includes an air duct assembly 110, and the air duct assembly 110 is formed with a plurality of detection channels; at least two gas detection sensors are respectively located in different detection channels. The purpose of this structural design is to optimize the flow path of the air flow during the detection process, thereby improving the performance of the detection sensors.

[0113] Specifically, the presence of the air duct assembly 110 can effectively guide the flow of the air to be detected, and reasonably distribute the air flow through a plurality of detection channels, thereby avoiding the sensor response delay or error caused by the unsmooth air flow.

[0114] Inside the air duct assembly 110, at least two gas detection sensors are respectively located in different detection channels. This configuration method can ensure that each sensor works in an independent detection channel, thereby reducing the mutual interference between different gas sensors and ensuring that each sensor can independently and accurately detect the required gas components. For example, one detection channel can be configured with a PM2.5 sensor 210 to focus on the timely detection of fine particles, while another detection channel can be configured with a carbon dioxide sensor 220 to specifically monitor the concentration of carbon dioxide. This synchronous and independent monitoring method can enable the air quality detection device 10 to comprehensively evaluate the air pollution level and provide more accurate and reliable data support.

[0115] In specific implementation, the multiple detection channels of the air duct assembly 110 can not only accommodate different types of gas detection sensors, but also allow for expansion in subsequent designs. For example, in the current configuration, there may be a PM2.5 sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, and an AQS sensor 240. This flexibility enables the air quality detection device 10 to have more functionality.

[0116] It should be particularly noted that the setting of multiple detection channels further improves the adaptability of the device in different environments. When the vehicle is in motion, the concentration of various pollutants often changes significantly. By independently monitoring in different channels, instant feedback on the rapidly changing air quality can be achieved. For example, two detection channels can be respectively used to detect the air quality inside and outside the vehicle.

[0117] In one embodiment, a carbon dioxide sensor 220 is provided in the detection channel. Specifically, the carbon dioxide sensor 220 is composed of an inner shell, an outer shell, a PCB board, and a thermopile and a lamp bead welded to the PCB board. The PCB board is placed at the upper part of the inner shell, and the outer shell is provided with air holes so that gas can smoothly enter the outer shell and come into contact with the thermopile. To ensure stability and durability, the outer shell is fastened to the PCB board by four screws. In addition, multiple air holes and air outlets are provided on the outside of the outer shell, and CO2 waterproof breathable membranes can be attached to both the inlet and outlet air holes. During operation, gas flows in through the air holes, is detected, and then flows out through the air holes, thereby achieving accurate detection of the carbon dioxide concentration. This design uses fasteners (such as screws) to ensure the structural stability of the sensor, and the configuration of the waterproof breathable membrane effectively prevents moisture intrusion, ensuring the long-term reliability and accuracy of the sensor.

[0118] The AQS (Air Quality Sensor) sensor is used to detect pollutants and harmful substances in the air. In particular, in practical applications, this sensor can monitor the air quality outside the vehicle. Specifically, the AQS sensor 230 is provided in the detection channel and is welded to a PCB board identical to that of the carbon dioxide sensor 220 through multiple postage stamp holes provided on its side. The AQS gas-sensitive chip is fixed on the PCB board, and a shielding cover is also provided on the PCB board. A waterproof breathable membrane is installed inside the shielding cover to ensure effective filtration and sensing of gas. When gas flows through the AQS gas-sensitive chip, the pollutants and harmful elements therein can be detected.

[0119] It should be emphasized that the number of such sensors can be one, two, or more, and there is no unique limitation here. For example, the configuration of multiple sets of AQS sensors 230 can improve the detection sensitivity and coverage range, thereby enabling a comprehensive assessment of air quality. In addition, setting multiple sensors can effectively compensate for errors that may occur in a single sensor, improving the reliability and accuracy of the overall system. To achieve the best air quality monitoring effect, it is recommended to select a multiple-sensor configuration to ensure the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring data, and the position and layout of the sensors need to be considered during design to maximize the capture of air samples and improve the timeliness and accuracy of detection.

[0120] In one embodiment, the housing structure 100 includes an air duct assembly 110. The air duct assembly 110 forms a detection channel, and the detection channel includes a first detection channel and a second detection channel. The number of gas detection components is two groups, and the two groups of gas detection components are respectively arranged in the first detection channel and the second detection channel. When the air quality detection device 10 is applied to a vehicle, these two detection channels can be respectively connected to the external environment and the internal environment, thus being divided into a first detection channel and a second detection channel.

[0121] In this configuration, the two groups of gas detection components are respectively a first gas detection component and a second gas detection component. The first gas detection component includes a PM2.5 sensor 210 and a carbon dioxide sensor 220. Through these two sensors, the PM2.5 state and carbon dioxide concentration of the air inside the vehicle can be effectively detected. In addition, the second gas detection component can also be configured to include a PM2.5 sensor 210 and an AQS sensor 230 to detect the PM2.5 state and air quality in the external air of the vehicle. This design can ensure the effective monitoring of the air quality inside and outside the vehicle and improve the health comfort of passengers.

[0122] It should be noted that the gas detection component 200 in the first detection channel may include both a carbon dioxide sensor 220 and an AQS sensor 230, or only include an AQS sensor 230 in some embodiments; similarly, the gas detection component 200 in the second detection channel may also include both a carbon dioxide sensor 220 and an AQS sensor 230, or only include a carbon dioxide sensor 220. Specifically, the choice of specific configuration can be flexibly adjusted according to actual application requirements. The technical effect of setting multiple sensors is to enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of the system to different air components.

[0123] In addition, the gas detection components 200 in the first detection channel and the second detection channel can have the same or different structures. When the two sets of gas detection components 200 have the same structure, it means that the first detection channel and the second detection channel can achieve the same detection function, or different detection functions can be achieved by separately activating a certain sensor; while when the two sets of gas detection components 200 have different structures, this will allow different detection functions to be achieved, so as to meet more monitoring requirements. The specific selection depends on the usage requirements of the air quality detection device 10 and is not uniquely limited here.

[0124] It should be noted that the number of detection channels can be flexibly set to three or more. For example, if three detection channels are set, the number of detection channels can be three, four, or five. The specific configuration needs to be comprehensively considered according to the actual design requirements and is not uniquely limited here. By increasing the cooperation of multiple detection channels and multiple sets of gas detection components 200, the detection flexibility and accuracy of the system can be effectively improved, so as to meet more diverse air quality monitoring requirements. This diverse design for the configuration of detection channels helps to improve the comprehensive performance and applicability of the air quality detection device 10.

[0125] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the air duct assembly 110 includes air guiding ribs 111, and the air guiding ribs 111 enclose a detection cavity. The air duct assembly 110 is provided with an air inlet hole 1121. The air duct assembly 110 includes an air duct frame 112, and the air duct frame 112 is provided with an exhaust hole 1122. The air inlet hole 1121 and the exhaust hole 1122 are respectively communicated with the detection cavity to form a detection channel, and the gas detection component 200 is arranged in the detection cavity; the negative pressure component 300 is used to drive the external air flow to enter the detection cavity from the air inlet hole 1121 and discharge from the exhaust hole 1122, aiming to effectively monitor the intake air.

[0126] In an embodiment, the design of the air inlet hole 1121 includes a first air inlet hole 11211, and this structure ensures that gas can effectively enter the first detection channel of the air quality detection device. Specifically, the first detection channel includes a first cavity 11111 and a second cavity 11121 that are connected in communication, and these two cavities together form a propulsion path for air flow.

[0127] The first cavity 11111 is located on the side of the second cavity 11121 close to the first air inlet hole 11211 and is directly communicated with the first air inlet hole 11211. Through this layout, the path of gas flow is rationalized, so that after the gas enters the first detection channel, it can first fill the first cavity 11111 and then smoothly flow to the second cavity 11121. This design not only optimizes the efficiency of gas flow but also ensures the timeliness and accuracy of detection by each sensor.

[0128] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the air guiding rib 111 includes a first air guiding body 1111, and the first air guiding body 1111 encloses a first cavity 11111. The air guiding rib 111 includes a second air guiding body 1112, and the second air guiding body 1112 encloses a second cavity 11121. The second cavity 11121 communicates with the first cavity 11111. The second air guiding body 1112 is connected to the first air guiding body 1111.

[0129] Specifically, the first cavity 11111 communicates with the first air inlet hole 11211 and the second cavity 1112 respectively, while the second cavity 11121 communicates with the outside through the exhaust hole 1122. This design allows the gas to flow sequentially through the first cavity 11111 and the second cavity 11121, thereby realizing multi-stage detection of the gas.

[0130] In this structure, the PM2.5 sensor 210 is arranged in the first cavity 11111, mainly used to capture and detect PM2.5 particles in the gas flowing through this cavity. The advantage of this configuration is that the sensor can preliminarily monitor the particle concentration of the gas before it enters the second cavity 11121, so as to quickly respond to environmental changes. At the same time, the carbon dioxide sensor 220 is placed in the second cavity 11121, used to further process and analyze the carbon dioxide component of the gas that has passed through the first cavity 11111. This double-cavity design makes the gas detection process clearer and improves the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring.

[0131] In summary, by setting the structural combination of the first cavity 11111 and the second cavity 11121 in the detection cavity, and reasonably configuring the PM2.5 sensor 210 and the gas detector, the efficiency and accuracy of gas detection can be significantly improved, providing more comprehensive data support for environmental monitoring.

[0132] Specifically, the carbon dioxide sensor 220 is detachably connected to the air duct assembly 110, and the carbon dioxide sensor 220 is used to detect the gas in the second cavity 11121. This detachable design has significant technical advantages, facilitating the maintenance and replacement of the sensor, thus ensuring the stability and reliability of the equipment during long-term use.

[0133] In terms of specific implementation, the connection method between the carbon dioxide sensor 220 and the air duct assembly 110 can adopt various forms. For example, screw connection, snap connection or bonding can be used. Through the selection of various connection methods, users can flexibly choose according to specific application occasions and requirements, ensuring that the carbon dioxide sensor 220 is fixed and disassembled on the air duct assembly 110 conveniently and firmly.

[0134] Further, refer to Figure 3 andFigure 4 As shown, the air duct assembly 110 is further provided with a first flow slow-down portion 1123, and the first flow slow-down portion 1123 is arranged between the first cavity 11111 and the second cavity 11121.

[0135] With this arrangement, the first flow slow-down portion 1123 can effectively regularize the air flow path G in the detection cavity and reduce the flow velocity of the air flow, thereby increasing the contact time between the air flow and the gas detection component 200 and significantly improving the detection accuracy of the gas detection component 200.

[0136] Specifically, the extending direction of the first flow slow-down portion 1123 is arranged at an angle with the air flow direction in the first cavity 11111. The structure of the first flow slow-down portion 1123 can adopt various forms, such as streamlined, flat or a design with guiding ribs. Selecting a streamlined structure can minimize the resistance of the air flow to the greatest extent and enhance the smoothness; while the flat design can provide a larger area, which helps the uniform distribution of the air flow. The design with guiding ribs can guide the air flow direction to a certain extent and further optimize the streamline.

[0137] In an embodiment, the angle between the extending direction of the first flow slow-down portion 1123 and the air flow direction in the first cavity 11111 is R, and 0° < R ≤ 90°. It should be noted that the angle between the first flow slow-down portion 1123 and the air flow direction can be adjusted between 10° and 90°. Specifically, it can be set to 20°, 30°, 40° to meet different fluid dynamics requirements.

[0138] In this embodiment, the number of the first flow slow-down portions 1123 is set to be multiple, and the multiple first flow slow-down portions 1123 are arranged at intervals along the air flow direction. Specifically, in an embodiment, among two adjacent first flow slow-down portions 1123, one first flow slow-down portion 1123 is connected to the first mounting rib 1125, and the other first flow slow-down portion 1123 is connected to the second mounting rib 1126.

[0139] With this arrangement, a more complex air flow guiding structure can be effectively formed to optimize the air flow in the detection cavity and make it more uniform. In this way, the contact efficiency between the gas detection component 200 and the gas to be detected is improved, and the accuracy of the detection result is further improved.

[0140] It should be noted that the number of the first flow slow-down portions 1123 can be one, two or more than two, and there is no unique limitation here. When multiple first flow slow-down portions 1123 are provided, due to the staggered guiding of the air flow, the dead angle and turbulent flow phenomenon of the air flow can be reduced, making the distribution of the air flow in the detection cavity more uniform, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of gas detection. In addition, the staggered design of the multiple first flow slow-down portions 1123 can also enhance the contact time between the air flow and the gas detection component 200, and further improve the detection accuracy.

[0141] Specifically, the air inlet hole 1121 includes a second air inlet hole 11212; the second detection channel includes a third cavity 11131 and a fourth cavity 11141 that are connected and communicated; the third cavity 11131 is located on the side of the fourth cavity 11141 close to the second air inlet hole 11212 and is communicated with the second air inlet hole 11212; the PM2.5 sensor 210 is disposed in the third cavity 11131, and the AQS sensor 230 is disposed in the fourth cavity 11141.

[0142] This layout design allows the gas to first flow into the third cavity 11131 when entering through the second air inlet hole 11212, thus ensuring that the PM2.5 sensor 210 can preferentially monitor the incoming air flow. At the same time, this structural layout can effectively avoid cross-interference between different sensors and improve their respective detection accuracies.

[0143] The PM2.5 sensor 210 is disposed in the third cavity 11131, and this sensor can monitor the concentration of fine particulate matter in the air in real time. Through the precise detection of this sensor, the timely analysis of air pollution conditions can be realized, providing important data support for subsequent environmental governance and air quality improvement. In addition, the AQS sensor 230 disposed in the fourth cavity 11141 is responsible for detecting more air quality indicators, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, etc. This design effectively realizes the comprehensive monitoring of multiple gas components and improves the overall performance of the system.

[0144] By setting the second air inlet hole 11212 and the design of the related cavities, the air flow can maintain a relatively uniform flow rate, ensuring that each sensor can perform effective detection under suitable environmental conditions. This design not only ensures the sensitive response of the sensor to gas components but also facilitates daily maintenance, enabling users to quickly disassemble and replace the sensor when needed, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the monitoring device.

[0145] Specifically, the air guiding rib 111 includes a connected third air guiding body 1113 and a fourth air guiding body 1114. The third air guiding body 1113 encloses the third cavity 11131, and the fourth air guiding body 1114 encloses the fourth cavity 11141. The design of this structure can not only optimize the air flow direction but also improve the air flow effect of the overall system.

[0146] In the design of the third air guide body 1113, a streamlined outer shape can be adopted, enabling the air flow to be smoother when passing through, reducing the flow resistance, thereby increasing the speed and stability of the air flow. At the same time, the existence of the third cavity 11131 can provide a specific air flow environment for the installation of the sensor, enabling it to obtain more accurate and reliable detection results when performing gas detection. For example, inside the third cavity, the PM2.5 sensor 210 can better capture the concentration of fine particles, ensuring the effectiveness of real-time monitoring.

[0147] The fourth air guide body 1114 also plays a crucial role. The fourth cavity 11141 surrounded by it can be used for further gas detection, such as installing the AQS sensor 230. By designing a reasonable shape of the air guide body and the cavity structure, the flow path of the gas becomes more uniform during the process of entering the fourth cavity 11141, which helps the sensor to perform accurate component analysis. This design concept ensures the full mixing of the gas, enabling all types of gas components to be within the effective monitoring range of the sensor. Through this design, the gas flow inside the air guide rib 111 can be more efficient, enhancing the sensitivity and response speed of the sensor, and contributing to improving the accuracy of overall air quality monitoring.

[0148] In one embodiment, the AQS sensor 230 is detachably connected to the air duct assembly 110, and the AQS sensor 230 is used to detect the gas inside the fourth cavity 11141.

[0149] Through this detachable connection design, when the user faces sensor failure or needs to replace the sensor to adapt to new detection standards, the entire device does not have to be deactivated, thus significantly improving the reliability and continuity of the system.

[0150] Further, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 as shown, the air duct assembly 110 is further provided with a second flow buffer portion 1124, and the second flow buffer portion 1124 is disposed between the third cavity 11131 and the fourth cavity 11141.

[0151] With this setting, the second flow buffer portion 1124 can effectively regularize the air flow path G in the detection cavity and reduce the flow rate of the air flow, thereby increasing the contact time between the air flow and the gas detection assembly 200 and significantly improving the detection accuracy of the gas detection assembly 200.

[0152] Specifically, the extending direction of the second flow-attenuating portion 1124 is set at an angle to the air flow direction in the third cavity 11131. The structure of the second flow-attenuating portion 1124 can adopt various forms, such as streamlined, flat, or a design with guiding ribs. Selecting a streamlined structure can minimize the resistance of the air flow and enhance the smoothness; while a flat design can provide a larger area, which helps the uniform distribution of the air flow. The design with guiding ribs can, to a certain extent, guide the air flow direction and further optimize the streamline.

[0153] In an embodiment, the angle between the extending direction of the second flow-attenuating portion 1124 and the air flow direction in the third cavity 11131 is R, and 0° < R ≤ 90°. It should be noted that the angle between the second flow-attenuating portion 1124 and the air flow direction can be adjusted between 10° and 90°. Specifically, it can be set to 20°, 30°, 40° to adapt to different hydrodynamic requirements.

[0154] In this embodiment, the number of the second flow-attenuating portions 1124 is set to be multiple, and the multiple second flow-attenuating portions 1124 are arranged at intervals along the air flow direction.

[0155] This setting can effectively form a more complex air flow guiding structure, optimize the air flow in the detection cavity, and make it more uniform. In this way, the contact efficiency between the gas detection component 200 and the gas to be detected is improved, and thus the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

[0156] It should be noted that the number of the second flow-attenuating portions 1124 can be one, two, or more than two, and there is no unique limitation here. When multiple second flow-attenuating portions 1124 are set, due to the staggered guiding of the air flow, the dead angle and turbulence phenomenon of the air flow can be reduced, making the distribution of the air flow in the detection cavity more uniform, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of gas detection. In addition, the staggered design of the multiple second flow-attenuating portions 1124 can also enhance the contact time between the air flow and the gas detection component 200, and thus improve the detection accuracy.

[0157] Specifically, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the PM2.5 sensor 210 is composed of a laser module 211 and a light-receiving module 212. The laser module 211 and the light-receiving module 212 are arranged opposite to each other, and an optical path L covering at least part of the first cavity 11111 is formed between the laser module 211 and the light-receiving module 212. This design uses the principle of laser scattering and can efficiently and accurately monitor the concentration of PM2.5 particles in the gas.

[0158] In this embodiment, the PM2.5 sensor 210 uses a laser method for detection. Specifically, in its implementation, it is preferred that the laser module 211 uses a semiconductor laser, and the light-receiving module 212 can be a photodiode or a photomultiplier tube. With such a setting, the semiconductor laser has the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, and fast response speed, while the photodiode and the photomultiplier tube can provide a high-sensitivity light signal receiving ability to ensure the effective detection of fine PM2.5 particles.

[0159] It should be noted that the wavelength of the laser module 211 can be set between 400 nm and 850 nm. Specifically, within this wavelength range, 405 nm, 532 nm, 650 nm, etc. can be selected. These wavelengths can effectively penetrate small particulate matters in the air to ensure the detection accuracy. When the wavelength is not within the above preferred range, it may cause the scattering signal to weaken, affecting the sensitivity and accuracy of the detection.

[0160] In addition, specifically, the type of the photoelectric module can be a single-channel or multi-channel configuration, which is not uniquely limited here. When multiple photoelectric modules are set, it can effectively improve the analysis ability for PM2.5 particles with different particle sizes and enhance the reliability and comprehensiveness of the data. This multi-channel design enables the device to monitor the concentration changes of different types of particulate matters in the environment in real time, providing more accurate information support for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0161] In one embodiment, the laser module 211 mainly consists of a lens and a lamp board. The design of the lens can use a focusing lens or a spliced lens to ensure that the laser can be effectively concentrated and diffused. The pins of the lamp board are connected to the control circuit through elastic pieces. This connection method enables the lamp board to be flexibly adjusted and maintain good electrical contact, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0162] When the air flow passes through the PM2.5 detection area, the light-receiving module 212 receives the scattered light from the laser module 211. According to the quantity and intensity of the scattered light, the light-receiving module 212 can quickly calculate the concentration value of PM2.5. Specifically, the intensity of the scattered light is proportional to the number of PM2.5 particles in the air flow. Therefore, by accurately analyzing the scattered light signal, the real-time monitoring of air quality can be realized. This detection method based on the laser scattering principle has higher sensitivity and response speed compared with the traditional physical filtration method.

[0163] It is worth mentioning that, in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of detection, multiple light-receiving modules 212 can be considered for configuration. Specifically, the number thereof can be one, two or more than two, and there is no unique limitation here. Setting multiple light-receiving modules 212 enables the device to receive scattered light at different angles, thereby reducing the errors that may be caused by ambient light interference and enhancing the stability and effectiveness of the PM2.5 detection results. In addition, the types of the light-receiving modules 212 can be photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, etc., and the specific selection depends on the requirements of system design, which can further optimize the detection sensitivity and resolution.

[0164] In one embodiment, the air duct assembly 110 is further provided with a receiving cavity 11251 communicating with the detection channel. The laser module 211 is disposed in the receiving cavity 11251 and is used for emitting laser light toward the detection channel; at least a part of the sensing end of the light-receiving module 212 is located in the detection channel and is used for receiving the laser light.

[0165] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, in one embodiment, the air duct assembly 110 includes a first mounting rib 1125, and the first mounting rib 1125 encloses the receiving cavity 11251; the air duct assembly 110 further includes a second mounting rib 1126, and the second mounting rib 1126 encloses the light-receiving cavity 11261.

[0166] Specifically, the first mounting rib 1125 is provided with a first light passing hole for optically conducting the receiving cavity 11251 and the first cavity 11111; the optical path L passes through the first light passing hole. The air duct assembly 110 further includes a second mounting rib 1126, and the second mounting rib 1126 encloses the light-receiving cavity 11261. The first light passing hole is used for optically conducting the receiving cavity 11251 and the first cavity 11111, and the second light passing hole is used for optically conducting the light-receiving cavity 11261 and the first cavity 11111. This design can effectively ensure the smooth flow of air in the detection area, thereby improving the real-time performance and sensitivity of measurement.

[0167] In this embodiment, the laser module 211 is accommodated in the receiving cavity 11251 to ensure that the laser module 211 is not interfered by the external environment while working efficiently. At least a part of the light-receiving module 212 is accommodated in the first cavity 11111, mainly for receiving the scattered light generated after the laser light emitted by the laser module 211 passes through the gas.

[0168] It is worth mentioning that the design of the optical path L between the laser module 211 and the light-receiving module 212 is extremely crucial. In order to optimize the measurement performance, the direction of the receiving cavity 11251 facing the light-receiving cavity 11261 is set at an angle with the air flow direction in the first cavity 11111. This design can effectively ensure that the optical path L passes through the air flow path G to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement.

[0169] Specifically, the selection of the included angle is very important. The optimal included angle range can be 90°, at this time, it can ensure that the light can fully excite the particles in the air flow, and make the combined structure of the PM2.5 sensor 210 and the housing structure 100 compact. In other embodiments, the included angle can also be 20°, 30° or 40°, and it is specifically adjusted according to actual design requirements. There is no unique limitation here. By setting a reasonable included angle, the response ability of the PM2.5 sensor 210 to PM2.5 particles and the credibility of the data can be significantly improved.

[0170] In addition, the design of the air duct assembly 110 can also consider configuring multiple light-transmitting holes to facilitate the uniform distribution of the air flow. Specifically, the number of light-transmitting holes can be two, three or more, and there is no unique limitation here.

[0171] Furthermore, an extinction part 11262 is provided on the rib surface of the second mounting rib 1126. The extinction part 11262 is used to absorb the laser emitted by the laser module 211. The extinction part 11262 is located at the end of the optical path L and is mainly used to absorb the laser emitted by the laser module 211. With this setting, the extinction part 11262 can effectively promote the absorption of the laser, reduce the interference caused by the reflection and scattering of light, thereby improving the accuracy and sensitivity of PM2.5 detection, and preventing the influence of signal noise interference on the measurement result.

[0172] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, a reflection inclined plane can be further provided before the extinction part 11262 of the light-receiving cavity 11261 to change the direction of the optical path L. This design scheme can not only effectively adjust the propagation path of the laser, but also reduce the length of the air duct assembly 110 in the axial direction parallel to the light-transmitting hole, making the overall structure more compact.

[0173] It should be noted that the angle of the reflection inclined plane can be 45°; in some processes, 15°, 30°, 45° or other values can also be adopted, and it is specifically determined according to actual design requirements. There is no unique limitation here.

[0174] Furthermore, the number of reflection inclined planes can be one, two or more than two, and there is no unique limitation here. Setting multiple reflection inclined planes can further optimize the flexibility of adjusting the optical path L, make the propagation path of the laser in the light-receiving cavity 11261 more diverse, thereby further reducing the loss of the laser under the interference of the air flow, and improving the detection performance of the PM2.5 sensor 210.

[0175] Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, the air duct assembly 110 is further provided with a diaphragm member 113. The diaphragm member 113 is provided with a first light-passing groove 1131. The first mounting rib 1125 is provided with a first receiving groove 11252. The diaphragm member 113 is received in the first receiving groove 11252. And the first light-passing groove 1131 and the inner wall of the first receiving groove 11252 enclose a first light-passing hole. The air duct assembly 110 further includes a second mounting rib 1126. The second mounting rib 1126 encloses a light-receiving cavity 11261. And the second mounting rib 1126 is further provided with a second light-passing hole. The second light-passing hole is used for optically conducting the light-receiving cavity 11261 and the first cavity 11111. The diaphragm member 113 is provided with a second light-passing groove 1132. The second mounting rib 1126 is provided with a second receiving groove 11263. The diaphragm member 113 is received in the second receiving groove 11263. And the second light-passing groove 1132 and the inner wall of the second receiving groove 11263 enclose a second light-passing hole. Specifically, the combined design of the diaphragm member 113 and the receiving groove is not only convenient for processing, but also can form an effective light-passing hole after connection, optimizing the optical path L, enabling the laser to pass better during the optical transmission process, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the PM2.5 sensor 210. Through this setting, the size and shape of the light-passing hole can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different sensor requirements.

[0176] In this embodiment, by providing the first light-passing groove 1131 and the second light-passing groove 1132 on the diaphragm member 113 to cooperate with the first receiving groove 11252 and the second receiving groove 11263 respectively, first, the first light-passing hole and the second light-passing hole can be formed. And since the light-passing hole is formed by the combination of two parts, the processing difficulty can be reduced. In addition, by providing the diaphragm member 113 to cooperate with the first mounting rib 1125 and the second mounting rib 1126 respectively, the combined structure of the two can be made more compact, making the overall structure of the air quality detection device 10 more compact.

[0177] It should be noted that the size of the light-passing hole can vary between 2 mm and 15 mm, specifically it can be 2 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm or 15 mm to meet the usage requirements in different environments. Within this range, the effective interaction between the laser and PM2.5 particles can be ensured, guaranteeing the detection sensitivity and accuracy.

[0178] In addition, the number of the diaphragm members 113 can be one, two or more, which is not uniquely limited here. The design of multiple diaphragm members 113 can effectively improve the uniformity of the laser and help reduce the light scattering, thereby further enhancing the detection accuracy.

[0179] Furthermore, the air duct assembly 110 is further provided with a pad 114, which is disposed on the air duct frame 112. Specifically, the pad 114 protrudes into the first cavity 11111 and is located on one side of the optical path L. In this embodiment, the placement of the pad 114 within the first cavity 11111 effectively reduces the effective volume of the first cavity 11111, thereby allowing more airflow to flow through the light aperture. This design has the advantage of improving the flow efficiency of the airflow, thereby enhancing the detection quality of the PM2.5 sensor 210.

[0180] In specific implementations, the material of the pad 114 can be polymer, metal, or composite material, and can also be directly molded during the injection molding process of the air duct assembly 110. Polymer materials have the advantages of being lightweight and corrosion-resistant, metal materials provide greater mechanical strength, and composite materials have better elasticity and adaptability. The selection of these materials can be optimized for different working environments, thereby increasing the durability of the entire air duct assembly 110.

[0181] In terms of quantity, specifically, the number of spacers 114 can be one, two, or more, and this is not a single limitation. Providing multiple spacers 114 can form a more complex airflow channel design, thereby more evenly distributing the airflow within the first cavity 11111, further improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the PM2.5 sensor 210.

[0182] In one embodiment, the orthographic projection of the spacer 114 on the end surface of the first cavity 11111 is a cross. Specifically, the two directions of the cross-shaped structure correspond to the light hole and the airflow path G, respectively. This design allows the first cavity 11111 to have a smaller volume at the airflow path G and the light path L, thereby increasing the contact range between the airflow and the laser in the light path L, and improving the detection performance of the PM2.5 sensor 210. It should be noted that, see Figure 3 The placement state shown here, the orthographic projection of the pad 114 refers to Figure 3 The plane of the paper is located, that is, the plane in the first cavity 11111, which is parallel to the plane formed by the combination of the air flow path G and the light path L in the first cavity 11111.

[0183] In this embodiment, by slotting the edge of the spacer 114 to form a cross-shaped structure, effective interaction between the airflow and the optical path L is achieved. Specifically, the slotting can increase the degree of disturbance of the airflow at the spacer 114, thereby increasing the contact range between the laser and the airflow.

[0184] In other embodiments, the pad 114 may also adopt other geometric shapes, such as circular, square, or polygonal structures. Specifically, if a circular structure is selected, the edges of the pad 114 can be smooth to facilitate airflow; while a square or polygonal structure can adopt a design with multiple right-angled edges to provide a larger area for airflow.

[0185] In addition, the number of the spacer blocks 114 can be one, two or more than two, and there is no unique limitation here. By arranging a plurality of spacer blocks 114, a more complex air flow channel layout can be formed, so as to improve the uniform distribution of the air flow in the first cavity 11111, and further enhance the capture efficiency of the PM2.5 sensor 210 and improve the detection accuracy of the PM2.5 sensor 210.

[0186] Refer to Figure 7 As shown, in another embodiment, the air duct assembly 110 further includes a duct 115. A diversion channel is provided inside the duct 115, and the duct 115 is arranged in the first cavity 11111 and is respectively communicated with the air inlet hole 1121 and the second cavity 11121; wherein, the duct 115 is provided with a plurality of bending segments 1151, and the plurality of bending segments 1151 are connected in sequence and bent at least once, and the plurality of bending segments 1151 are arranged on the optical path L.

[0187] In one embodiment, the plurality of bending segments 1151 can form an "S"-shaped duct 115. With this arrangement, the air flow can flow through the optical path L three times in the duct 115, which not only significantly improves the number of PM2.5 particles obtained by the PM2.5 sensor 210 from the air flow, but also effectively improves the standard compliance rate and the stability of the numerical detection.

[0188] In addition, the structural design of the duct 115 provides flexibility, and the user can adjust the number and arrangement of the bending segments 1151 according to actual needs. Specifically, the number of the bending segments 1151 can be two, three or more, and there is no unique limitation here. Increasing the number of the bending segments 1151 can further extend the flow path of the air flow in the duct 115, and further improve the detection sensitivity and accuracy. If the number of the bending segments 1151 is too small, the flow path of the air flow may be too short, which may affect the full capture and detection effect of the PM2.5 particles.

[0189] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, the housing structure 100 includes a lower housing 120 and an upper housing 130; one of the upper housing 130 and the lower housing 120 is provided with a buckle 131, and the other of the upper housing 130 and the lower housing 120 is provided with a clamping portion 121; the upper housing 130 and the lower housing 120 are clamped and connected through the buckle 131 and the clamping portion 121.

[0190] In this embodiment, the setting of this clamping structure not only enhances the connection firmness between the upper housing 130 and the lower housing 120, but also facilitates quick disassembly and assembly, and further improves the maintenance convenience of the air quality detection device 10.

[0191] Meanwhile, the lower shell 120 and the upper shell 130 which are detachably connected facilitate the assembly and disassembly of the housing structure 100, and are convenient for maintenance and component replacement. When internal components need to be repaired or replaced, disassembling the upper shell 130 becomes simple and efficient, which not only improves the maintainability of the air quality detection device 10, but also extends the service life of the air quality detection device 10.

[0192] In one embodiment, the lower shell 120 is provided with a mounting groove 122, and the air duct assembly 110 includes an intake pipe 116. The intake pipe 116 is received in the mounting groove 122, and the intake pipe 116 communicates with the detection channel.

[0193] By providing the cooperation between the mounting groove 122 and the intake pipe 116, the air duct assembly 110 can achieve a compact structural combination with the housing structure 100, thereby optimizing the overall assembly and usage space.

[0194] Specifically, the lower shell 120 may further be provided with an exhaust pipe 125 communicating with the exhaust port 123. The exhaust pipe 125 can effectively connect the detection channel with the external environment to achieve rapid discharge of the gas after the detection is completed. The use of the exhaust pipe 125 can improve the working efficiency of the air quality detection device 10, ensure that there is no retention during the gas detection process, and thus avoid detection errors and equipment safety hazards caused by gas accumulation.

[0195] In addition, the material of the exhaust pipe 125 can be selected as a corrosion-resistant polymer, a metal material or directly formed on the lower shell 120, which not only ensures its durability under long-term use, but also effectively prevents property changes caused by chemical reactions.

[0196] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the air guiding rib 111 is connected to the air duct frame 112. The air duct assembly 110 further includes an air duct gasket 117. The air duct gasket 117 is connected to the air duct frame 112 and covers the air guiding rib 111, and the air duct gasket 117 and the air guiding rib 111 enclose a detection cavity.

[0197] By adopting the combined structure of the air duct frame 112 and the air duct gasket 117 to form the air duct assembly 110, it not only facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the air duct assembly 110, but also reduces the manufacturing cost. In addition, this structural design makes it more convenient to disassemble and assemble the gas detection component 200 in the air duct frame 112, which helps to improve the maintenance efficiency and flexibility of the air quality detection device 10.

[0198] Specifically, the material of the air duct frame 112 can be selected as a polymer or metal material with high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance to ensure its stability and durability in various working environments. On the other hand, the air duct gasket 117 can be designed with materials such as rubber and silicone that have good sealing performance.

[0199] It should be noted that the design of the air duct frame 112 should not only take into account the strength but also its weight to better meet the requirements of the mobile air quality detection device 10. In addition, the structure of the air duct assembly 110 can be further optimized by setting multiple reinforcing ribs or fixing points on the air duct frame 112 to increase its overall stiffness and avoid deformation or damage caused by air flow impact. Specifically, the number of these reinforcing ribs can be 1, 2, or more, which is not uniquely limited here. Setting multiple reinforcing ribs not only helps to enhance the stability of the overall structure but also can effectively disperse the air flow impact force and extend the service life of the air quality detection device 10.

[0200] In one embodiment, the air duct gasket 117 is provided with a receiving hole 1171, and the design of the receiving hole 1171 is used to accommodate the gas detection component 200 so that at least a part of it is received in the receiving hole 1171. By setting the cooperation between the receiving hole 1171 and the gas detection component 200, not only can the assembly accuracy and convenience be improved, but also the combined structure between the gas detection component 200 and the air duct assembly 110 can be made more compact, thereby effectively reducing the thickness of the air quality detection device 10.

[0201] Specifically, the shape and size of the receiving hole 1171 can be optimized according to the characteristics of the gas detection component 200. Usually, the receiving hole 1171 can be circular or oval.

[0202] In one embodiment, the diaphragm member 113 is provided on the air duct gasket 117. By installing the air duct gasket 117 on the air duct frame 112, a light passing hole can be formed, thereby reducing the processing cost. At the same time, the design of the diaphragm member 113 can also effectively position the installation of the air duct gasket 117 to ensure reliable connection between the air duct gasket 117 and the air duct frame 112.

[0203] At the same time, the diaphragm member 113 can not only form a light passing hole but also enable precise positioning of the air duct gasket 117 during the installation process through its structural features. When the shape of the diaphragm member 113 closely fits the air duct gasket 117, it can effectively prevent the displacement of the air duct gasket 117 during use and ensure the accuracy and stability of gas detection.

[0204] In one embodiment, the air quality detection device 10 further includes a negative pressure component 300. The negative pressure component 300 is disposed in the housing structure 100, and is used to drive the external air flow to flow along the detection channel and discharge from the detection channel.

[0205] In this embodiment, the negative pressure component 300 plays a key role in the air quality detection device 10. Its main purpose is to drive the external air flow to enter the detection cavity from the air inlet hole 1121, and then discharge through the exhaust hole 1122.

[0206] By disposing the negative pressure component 300 outside the detection channel, not only can the internal space of the housing structure 100 be effectively avoided from being occupied by the negative pressure component 300, but also a larger space can be ensured in the detection cavity to accommodate more air flow and gas detection components 200. This design not only improves the space utilization rate, but also enables better mixing and uniform flow of the gas in the detection channel, thereby improving the accuracy of gas detection. In addition, the setting of the external negative pressure component 300 also facilitates daily maintenance and replacement.

[0207] Specifically, referring to Figure 8 As shown, an installation cavity 124 communicating with the detection channel is provided inside the housing structure 100. At the same time, the housing structure 100 is also provided with an exhaust port 123 communicating with the installation cavity 124. The negative pressure component 300 includes a negative pressure fan 310. The negative pressure fan 310 is arranged in the installation cavity 124 and is used to drive the external air flow to pass through the detection channel and discharge from the exhaust port 123, so as to improve the gas flow rate and monitoring efficiency.

[0208] In a specific implementation, the negative pressure component 300 can also adopt a vacuum pump or other gas extraction devices. Among them, the advantage of the negative pressure fan 310 is that it is easy to maintain and has a relatively low cost, which can meet the miniaturization design requirements of the air quality detection device 10. The vacuum pump can provide a stronger negative pressure to improve the gas collection efficiency of the air quality detection device 10.

[0209] Specifically, as in Figure 8 the embodiment shown, the installation cavity 124 can be provided on the lower shell 120. The negative pressure component 300 can be fixed by screwing the lower shell 120 and the air duct frame 112 together. The structure is simple and the assembly is convenient.

[0210] Referring to Figure 1 [[ID=ID=24]]and Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, the negative pressure component 300 further includes a first gasket 320. The first gasket 320 covers the negative pressure fan 310 and is located between the negative pressure fan 310 and the housing structure 100, so as to form a good sealing effect.

[0211] In one embodiment, the negative pressure fan 310 is a fan without a plastic upper cover. The first gasket 320 serves as the upper cover of the negative pressure fan 310, effectively buffering the vibration of the negative pressure fan 310, reducing noise, and at the same time avoiding component loosening caused by vibration, thereby improving the reliability and durability of the air quality detection device 10.

[0212] Specifically, the first gasket 320 can be disposed on the surface of the negative pressure fan 310 facing the air duct assembly 110. This design can effectively prevent air leakage between the negative pressure fan 310 and the exhaust hole 1122, thereby ensuring the efficiency and stability of gas flow. It should be noted that the material of the first gasket 320 can be selected from rubber, silicone, or other materials with good elasticity and sealing performance. This material selection can significantly improve the sealing effect and ensure that gas does not leak from the joint in a negative pressure environment.

[0213] In one embodiment, the design of the first gasket 320 can also be combined with the use of multiple gaskets. Specifically, at least two or more gaskets can be set to form a multi-layer seal. This design not only improves the sealing effect but also enhances the vibration buffering effect to a certain extent, further improving the working stability of the air quality detection device 10.

[0214] Furthermore, the negative pressure assembly 300 further includes a second gasket 330. The second gasket 330 is disposed around the outer side of the negative pressure fan 310 and is located between the inner wall of the installation cavity 124 and the outer wall of the negative pressure fan 310.

[0215] By providing the second gasket 330 to cooperate with the negative pressure fan 310, the second gasket 330 can also effectively buffer the vibration between the negative pressure fan 310 and the housing structure 100, reduce noise, and improve the overall stability of the device. This design not only helps to protect the internal components and extend the service life of the device but also enhances the user experience during use.

[0216] Specifically, the material of the second gasket 330 can be selected from rubber, silicone, polyurethane, or other materials with good elasticity and sealing performance. The choice of different materials will directly affect the sealing effect and wear resistance. For example, rubber gaskets perform well in resisting wear, while silicone has advantages in high-temperature resistance and chemical corrosion resistance.

[0217] In addition, the shape of the second gasket 330 can also be designed as an annular shape, a corrugated shape, or other structures adapted to the shape of the installation cavity 124. Such design flexibility can further enhance the sealing performance and vibration prevention effect. Specifically, the number of the second gaskets 330 can be one, two, or more than two, and no unique limitation is made here. If multiple second gaskets 330 are adopted, the overall sealing effect can be effectively improved, the gas leakage risk can be reduced, and the vibration buffering ability can be enhanced to a certain extent.

[0218] Refer to Figure 8 As shown, in an embodiment, the housing structure 100 is further provided with an air collecting part 140, and the air collecting part 140 is provided with an air collecting channel; the air collecting channels are respectively communicated with the installation cavity 124 and the exhaust port 123. Along the gas flow direction in the detection channel, the inner diameter of the air collecting part 140 gradually decreases.

[0219] Specifically, the air collecting part 140 can be designed in a funnel shape, and this shape can effectively guide the gas flow through the detection channel. Due to the gradually decreasing inner diameter, the air flow will generate an acceleration effect in the air collecting part 140, thereby increasing the speed and kinetic energy of the gas flow. The advantage of this design is that it can reduce the resistance of the air flow passing through and facilitate the rapid discharge of the gas.

[0220] In addition, the design of the air collecting part 140 can also achieve multiple different channel distributions, such as setting two or three air flow channels to form a shunt effect. Specifically, the number of these channels can be one, two, or more than two, and no unique limitation is made here. By setting multiple channels, the gas collection ability of the system can be further improved, ensuring a stable air flow output under different working conditions, thereby enhancing the overall performance and reliability of the equipment.

[0221] Specifically, the air quality detection device 10 further includes a circuit component 400. The core of the circuit component 400 is a circuit board 410. The circuit board 410 is connected to the housing structure 100, and at the same time, the gas detection component 200 is respectively communicatively connected to the circuit board 410, thereby forming a complete detection system.

[0222] In this embodiment, a control module may be provided on the circuit board 410 and communicatively connected to the gas detection component 200 through the control module to implement the control of the device and the signal transceiver function. The control module includes, but is not limited to, a PLC (programmable logic controller), an STM32 (32-bit microcontroller based on the ARM Cortex-M core), a single-chip microcomputer, an FPGA (field programmable gate array), and an ARM processor (advanced reduced instruction set machine). The setting of these control modules can not only improve the operation efficiency of the device, but also effectively monitor the status of the air quality detection device 10. During specific implementation, selecting different control modules can achieve different technical effects. For example, using an STM can make the device have a faster processing speed, while using a PLC helps to implement complex control logics.

[0223] In other embodiments, the circuit board 410 may also be connected to an external control module through a cable. This external connection method enhances the flexibility of the system, enabling users to monitor and control the operating status of the air quality detection device 10 in real time, adapt to changing environmental requirements, and thus improve the usability of the overall system.

[0224] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the PCB board in the AQS sensor 230 can be cancelled, and then the AQS gas-sensitive chip, the small shield 420, the waterproof and breathable membrane, and the laser module 211 are directly arranged on the circuit board 410 through a welding process. Such a design is beneficial to simplifying the entire assembly process and improving the space utilization rate and integration degree. In addition, the optical cavity of the carbon dioxide sensor 220 can be directly formed on the inner shell by injection molding. The combined design of the two not only shortens the assembly time but also reduces the manufacturing cost, which helps to improve the market competitiveness of the product.

[0225] Further, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 9 as shown, the circuit component 400 further includes a shield 420. Specifically, a fixing clip 411 is provided on the circuit board 410, and the shield 420 at least partially covers the circuit board 410. The shield 420 is detachably connected to the circuit board 410 through the fixing clip 411.

[0226] In this embodiment, the design of the fixing clip 411 enables users to conveniently install and disassemble the shielding cover 420. It should be noted that the shielding cover 420 can not only effectively prevent the influence of external electromagnetic interference on the circuit board 410, but also play a role in protecting circuit components, reducing the intrusion of dust and moisture, thereby improving the stability and service life of the device. The material of the shielding cover 420 can be selected from metal or plastic. Specific implementation methods include aluminum and engineering plastics, etc. Aluminum is suitable for use in high-demand electromagnetic shielding applications due to its good electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance characteristics; while engineering plastics have their unique advantages in terms of weight reduction and cost.

[0227] In addition, the production of the shielding cover 420 can be customized according to actual application requirements. For example, its thickness, shape or surface treatment can be adjusted to optimize its shielding effect. There is no unique limitation here, and users can flexibly select materials and structures according to specific design requirements. It should be noted that when the shielding cover 420 fails to effectively cover the circuit board 410, it may lead to an increase in electromagnetic interference, thereby affecting the normal operation of the device and even resulting in incorrect data acquisition and function failure. Therefore, a good shielding design is crucial for ensuring the performance of the air quality detection device 10.

[0228] The present invention also provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body (not shown in the figure) and the air quality detection device 10 in any one of the above embodiments; two of the detection channels of the air quality detection device 10 are respectively communicated with the external environment and the internal environment of the vehicle body.

[0229] It can be understood that in the vehicle of this embodiment, by setting the air quality detection device 10 in any one of the above embodiments, the air quality detection device 10 of this embodiment cooperates with the gas detection component 200 by setting multiple detection channels, effectively solving the problem of the single function of the traditional vehicle-mounted air quality detection device 10. By simultaneously introducing the PM2.5 sensor 210, the carbon dioxide sensor 220 and the AQS sensor 230, the PM2.5 sensor 210 can be used for detection in both gas detection channels, and at least one of the carbon dioxide sensor 220 and / or the AQS sensor 230 can be used to detect the detection channels respectively to comprehensively evaluate the air pollution situation in different environments, thereby enhancing the detection effect of the air quality detection device 10.

[0230] Specifically, the negative pressure component 300 provided in the air quality detection device 10 is designed to effectively drive the external air flow along the detection channel, ensuring that the external air is timely introduced and monitored. This not only increases the flexibility and response speed of detection but also significantly improves the ability to sense pollutant concentrations in an environment with poor air quality. When the air quality detection device 10 is applied to a vehicle, during vehicle operation, accurate air quality information can be obtained in a timely manner regardless of external pollutants or the carbon dioxide level inside the vehicle, thereby prompting the air quality purification system to make real-time adjustments.

[0231] In summary, the air quality detection device 10 of the present invention significantly improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of in-vehicle air quality detection through a systematic multi-sensor configuration and efficient air flow management, providing a strong guarantee for improving the health and comfort of passengers.

[0232] In an embodiment, the air quality detection device 10 is provided with two detection channels, which are respectively connected to the external environment and the internal environment of the vehicle body to form an in-vehicle detection channel and an out-of-vehicle detection channel. Specifically, the gas detection component 200 in the in-vehicle detection channel is configured with a PM2.5 sensor 210 and a carbon dioxide sensor 220 for detecting the PM2.5 state and the carbon dioxide state inside the vehicle; while in the out-of-vehicle detection channel, the gas detection component 200 is configured with a PM2.5 sensor 210 and an AQS sensor 230 for monitoring the PM2.5 state and the overall air quality in the out-of-vehicle environment. This set of systems is also supplemented by the vehicle's air purification device to effectively improve the purification efficiency.

[0233] During use, the in-vehicle detection channel and the out-of-vehicle detection channel are independent channel structures. Under the negative pressure generated by the negative pressure fan 310, the in-vehicle gas first flows through the PM2.5 sensor 210 inside the vehicle. After the PM2.5 concentration is detected by this sensor, the gas then flows through the carbon dioxide sensor 220. After analysis, finally, the gas is discharged outside the air quality detection device 10 through the negative pressure component 300. In the out-of-vehicle detection channel, the negative pressure component 300 also generates negative pressure. The external gas first flows through the PM2.5 sensor 210 outside the vehicle. After PM2.5 detection, the gas further flows through the AQS sensor 230, and finally the negative pressure component 300 discharges the gas out of the air quality detection device 10. Through this design, the air quality detection device 10 can achieve real-time collection of various air quality data, providing comprehensive information support for the monitoring of in-vehicle and out-of-vehicle air quality.

[0234] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0235] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0236] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0237] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0238] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An air quality detection device (10), characterized in that, Comprising: A housing structure (100) provided with a plurality of detection channels, and an air inlet hole (1121) communicating with the detection channels is formed in the housing structure (100); A gas detection assembly (200), the gas detection assembly (200) includes at least two gas detection sensors, and the detection indexes of at least two of the gas detection sensors are different; At least one of the gas detection sensors is a PM2.5 sensor (210), and the PM2.5 sensor (210) is arranged close to the air inlet hole (1121).

2. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the gas detection sensors is a carbon dioxide sensor (220), and / or at least one of the gas detection sensors is an AQS sensor (230).

3. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing structure (100) includes an air duct assembly (110), and a plurality of the detection channels are formed in the air duct assembly (110); At least two of the gas detection sensors are respectively located in different ones of the detection channels.

4. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) includes air guiding ribs (111), the air guiding ribs (111) enclose a detection cavity, and the gas detection sensors are arranged in the detection cavity.

5. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) further includes an air duct frame (112), the air duct frame (112) is provided with the air inlet hole (1121), and the air inlet hole (1121) communicates with the detection cavity.

6. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air duct frame (112) is provided with an exhaust hole (1122), the exhaust hole (1122) communicates with the detection cavity, and the air inlet hole (1121), the detection cavity and the exhaust hole (1122) together form the detection channel.

7. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection channels include a first detection channel and a second detection channel, and the number of the gas detection assemblies (200) is two groups, and the two groups of the gas detection assemblies (200) are respectively arranged in the first detection channel and the second detection channel.

8. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two groups of the gas detection assemblies (200) are respectively a first gas detection assembly (200) and a second gas detection assembly (200), the first gas detection assembly (200) includes the PM2.5 sensor (210) and the carbon dioxide sensor (220), and the second gas detection assembly (200) includes the PM2.5 sensor (210) and the AQS sensor (230).

9. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air inlet hole (1121) includes a first air inlet hole (11211); The first detection channel includes a first cavity (11111) and a second cavity (11121) that are connected; the first cavity (11111) is located on a side of the second cavity (11121) close to the first air inlet hole (11211) and communicates with the first air inlet hole (11211); The PM2.5 sensor (210) is arranged in the first cavity (11111), and the carbon dioxide sensor (220) is arranged in the second cavity (11121).

10. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The air guiding rib (111) includes a first air guiding body (1111) and a second air guiding body (1112) connected to each other. The first air guiding body (1111) encloses the first cavity (11111), and the second air guiding body (1112) encloses the second cavity (11121).

11. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The carbon dioxide sensor (220) is detachably connected to the air duct assembly (110), and the carbon dioxide sensor (220) is used to detect the gas in the second cavity (11121).

12. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) is further provided with a first flow buffering portion (1123), and the first flow buffering portion (1123) is disposed between the first cavity (11111) and the second cavity (11121).

13. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The extending direction of the first flow buffering portion (1123) is arranged at an angle with the air flow direction in the first cavity (11111).

14. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that: The angle between the extending direction of the first flow buffering portion (1123) and the air flow direction in the first cavity (11111) is R, and 0° < R ≤ 90°.

15. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The number of the first flow buffering portions (1123) is multiple, and the multiple first flow buffering portions (1123) are arranged at intervals along the air flow direction in the first cavity (11111).

16. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The air inlet hole (1121) includes a second air inlet hole (11212); The second detection channel includes a third cavity (11131) and a fourth cavity (11141) that are communicated with each other; the third cavity (11131) is located on the side of the fourth cavity (11141) close to the second air inlet hole (11212) and is communicated with the second air inlet hole (11212); The PM2.5 sensor (210) is disposed in the third cavity (11131), and the AQS sensor (230) is disposed in the fourth cavity (11141).

17. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The air guiding rib (111) includes a third air guiding body (1113) and a fourth air guiding body (1114) connected to each other. The third air guiding body (1113) encloses the third cavity (11131), and the fourth air guiding body (1114) encloses the fourth cavity (11141).

18. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The AQS sensor (230) is detachably connected to the air duct assembly (110), and the AQS sensor (230) is used to detect the gas in the fourth cavity (11141).

19. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) is further provided with a second flow buffering portion (1124), and the second flow buffering portion (1124) is disposed between the third cavity (11131) and the fourth cavity (11141).

20. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 19, characterized in that, The extending direction of the second flow buffering portion (1124) is arranged at an angle with the air flow direction in the third cavity (11131).

21. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 19, characterized in that: The angle between the extending direction of the second flow buffering portion (1124) and the air flow direction in the third cavity (11131) is R, and 0° < R ≤ 90°.

22. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 19, characterized in that, The number of the second flow buffering portions (1124) is multiple, and the multiple second flow buffering portions (1124) are arranged at intervals along the air flow direction in the third cavity (11131).

23. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The PM2.5 sensor (210) includes a laser module (211) and a light-receiving module (212). The laser module (211) is disposed opposite to the light-receiving module (212), and an optical path (L) is formed between the laser module (211) and the light-receiving module (212), and the optical path (L) at least passes through the detection channel.

24. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 23, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) is further provided with a receiving cavity (11251) communicating with the detection channel. The laser module (211) is disposed in the receiving cavity (11251) and is used for emitting laser light towards the detection channel. At least a part of the sensing end of the light-receiving module (212) is located in the detection channel and is used for receiving the laser light.

25. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 24, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) includes a first mounting rib (1125). The first mounting rib (1125) encloses the receiving cavity (11251), and the first mounting rib (1125) is provided with a first light-passing hole which respectively communicates the receiving cavity (11251) and the first cavity (11111). The optical path (L) passes through the first light-passing hole.

26. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 25, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) further includes a diaphragm member (113). The diaphragm member (113) and the first mounting rib (1125) enclose to form the first light-passing hole.

27. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 26, characterized in that The diaphragm member (113) is provided with a first light-passing groove (1131), and the first mounting rib (1125) is provided with a first receiving groove (11252). The diaphragm member (113) is received in the first receiving groove (11252), and the inner wall of the first light-passing groove (1131) and a part of the wall surface of the first receiving groove (11252) enclose to form the first light-passing hole.

28. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 24, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) is further provided with a light-receiving cavity (11261), and the light-receiving cavity (11261) and the receiving cavity (11251) respectively communicate with the detection channel. At least part of the laser light is emitted into the light-receiving cavity (11261).

29. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 28, characterized in that, The direction of the receiving cavity (11251) towards the light-receiving cavity (11261) is the first direction, and the first direction is arranged at an angle with the air flow direction in the detection channel.

30. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 28, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) further includes a second mounting rib (1126). The second mounting rib (1126) encloses the light-receiving cavity (11261), and the second mounting rib (1126) is further provided with a second light-passing hole which is used for optically conducting the light-receiving cavity (11261) and the first cavity (11111).

31. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 30, characterized in that, An extinction part (11262) is provided on the inner wall of the second mounting rib (1126) facing the light-receiving cavity (11261), and the extinction part (11262) is used for absorbing the laser light emitted by the laser module (211).

32. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 30, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) further includes a diaphragm member (113). The diaphragm member (113) and the second mounting rib (1126) enclose to form the second light-passing hole.

33. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 32, characterized in that The diaphragm member (113) is provided with a second light-passing groove (1132), the second mounting rib (1126) is provided with a second receiving groove (11263), the diaphragm member (113) is received in the second receiving groove (11263), and the inner wall of the second light-passing groove (1132) and a partial wall surface of the second receiving groove (11263) enclose to form the second light-passing hole.

34. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 23, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) further includes a spacer (114), the spacer (114) is connected to the housing structure (100) and is located in the detection channel, and the spacer (114) is disposed opposite to the light-receiving module (212).

35. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 23, characterized in that, The air duct assembly (110) further includes an air duct (115), and a flow guiding channel is provided inside the air duct (115).

36. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 35, characterized in that, The air duct (115) is disposed in the detection channel, and the flow guiding channel is respectively communicated with the first cavity (11111) and the air inlet hole (1121).

37. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 36, characterized in that, The air duct (115) is provided with a plurality of bending segments (1151), and the plurality of bending segments (1151) are connected in sequence.

38. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 37, wherein, The plurality of bending segments (1151) are disposed on the optical path (L).

39. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing structure (100) includes a lower housing (120) and an upper housing (130); One of the upper housing (130) and the lower housing (120) is provided with a buckle (131), and the other of the upper housing (130) and the lower housing (120) is provided with a clamping portion (121); The upper housing (130) and the lower housing (120) are clamped and connected through the buckle (131) and the clamping portion (121).

40. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 39, characterized in that, The lower housing (120) is provided with a mounting groove (122), the air duct assembly (110) includes an air inlet pipe (116), the air inlet pipe (116) is received in the mounting groove (122), and the air inlet pipe (116) is communicated with the detection channel.

41. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 39, characterized in that, The lower housing (120) is provided with an exhaust port (123), and the exhaust port (123) is communicated with the detection channel.

42. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The air guiding rib (111) is connected to the air duct frame (112), the air duct assembly (110) further includes an air duct gasket (117), the air duct gasket (117) is connected to the air duct frame (112) and covers the air guiding rib (111), and the air duct gasket (117) and the air guiding rib (111) enclose to form the detection cavity.

43. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 42, characterized in that, The air duct gasket (117) is provided with a receiving hole (1171), and the receiving hole (1171) is used for receiving the gas detection assembly (200).

44. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 41, characterized in that, The air quality detection device (10) further includes a negative pressure assembly (300), the negative pressure assembly (300) is disposed on the housing structure (100), and the negative pressure assembly (300) is used for driving external air flow to flow along the detection channel and discharging the detection channel.

45. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 44, characterized in that An installation cavity (124) is provided inside the housing structure (100), and the installation cavity (124) is communicated with the detection channel.

46. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 45, characterized in that The negative pressure assembly (300) is disposed in the installation cavity (124).

47. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 45, characterized in that, The exhaust port (123) communicates with the installation cavity (124).

48. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 45, characterized in that, The negative pressure assembly (300) includes a negative pressure fan (310).

49. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 48, characterized in that, The negative pressure assembly (300) further includes a first gasket (320), and the first gasket (320) covers the negative pressure fan (310).

50. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 49, characterized in that, The first gasket (320) is located between the negative pressure fan (310) and the housing structure (100).

51. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 49, characterized in that, The negative pressure assembly (300) further includes a second gasket (330), and the second gasket (330) is disposed around the outside of the negative pressure fan (310).

52. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 51, characterized in that, The second gasket (330) is located between the inner wall of the installation cavity (124) and the outer wall of the negative pressure fan (310).

53. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 45, characterized in that, The housing structure (100) further has an air collecting portion (140), and the air collecting portion (140) is provided with an air collecting channel; the air collecting channel communicates with the installation cavity (124) and the exhaust port (123) respectively.

54. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 53, characterized in that, Along the gas flow direction in the detection channel, the inner diameter of the air collecting portion (140) gradually decreases.

55. The air quality detection device (10) according to any one of claims 1-54, characterized in that, The air quality detection device (10) further includes a circuit assembly (400), and the circuit assembly (400) is connected to the housing structure (100).

56. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 55, characterized in that The circuit assembly (400) includes a circuit board (410), and the circuit board (410) is communicatively connected to the gas detection assembly (200).

57. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 56, characterized in that, The circuit assembly (400) further includes a shielding cover (420), and the shielding cover (420) is detachably connected to the circuit board (410).

58. The air quality detection device (10) according to claim 57, characterized in that, A fixing clip (411) is provided on the circuit board (410), at least a part of the shielding cover (420) covers the circuit board (410), and the shielding cover (420) is detachably connected to the fixing clip (411).

59. A vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A vehicle body; And The air quality detection device (10) according to any one of claims 1-58, wherein two of the detection channels of the air quality detection device (10) communicate with the external environment and the internal environment of the vehicle body respectively.

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