Clamping mechanism and bidirectional automatic pitch-variable PCB clamping device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of PCB detection, in particular to a clamping mechanism and a bidirectional automatic pitch-variable PCB clamping device.The clamping mechanism comprises a base and a clamping assembly, and the clamping assembly comprises a driving part, a pressing part, a first clamping plate and a second clamping plate; according to the scheme, through the innovative design of servo motor dual-mode cooperative control, a pneumatic rotating rod pressing mechanism and an intelligent control system, high precision and high reliability in the clamping process are achieved, it is guaranteed that a clamping plate is rapidly and accurately positioned to a preset position through a position mode of a servo motor, stable and controllable clamping force is provided through a torque mode, and overpressure damage to a PCB is avoided; the pneumatic rotating rod is automatically pressed down after clamping is completed, so that buckling deformation of the PCB is effectively inhibited, and the measurement precision is improved; the operation process is simplified through input of the upper controller and automatic control, and the clamping efficiency is remarkably improved; the modular structural design enables the device to adapt to the clamping requirements of PCBs of different specifications, and the expansibility is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of PCB board detection, and in particular to a clamping mechanism and a bidirectional automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of PCB production and inspection, the precision and reliability of clamping devices directly impact the accuracy of measurement results. Traditional clamping mechanisms often rely on pneumatic drive or manual adjustment, which presents the following technical drawbacks: pneumatic clamping is affected by air pressure fluctuations and cannot meet the requirements of high-precision measurement; manual adjustment of the clamping range requires frequent calibration, which is time-consuming and relies on operator experience.

[0003] Among the existing improvement schemes, although electric drive clamping devices such as stepper motor drive have appeared, their single control mode makes it difficult to take into account the coarse positioning speed, accuracy and clamping flexibility, and lacks an active suppression mechanism for PCB warping. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clamping mechanism and a bidirectional automatic variable-pitch PCB board clamping device, which solves the problem that traditional clamping devices are difficult to achieve a balance between coarse positioning speed, accuracy and clamping flexibility, and lack an active mechanism to suppress PCB warping.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a clamping mechanism, including a base with a placement area provided in the middle; a clamping assembly, arranged on the base, including a driving member, a pressing member, a first clamping plate, and a second clamping plate, the driving member is arranged on two adjacent sides of the placement area, and is respectively connected to the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate are arranged vertically and staggered, the boundary of the placement area forms a clamping area with the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and the pressing member is arranged on the base, located on one side of the clamping area.

[0006] Wherein, the driving component includes a servo motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel, and a belt. The driving wheel and the driven wheel are rotatably matched with the base. The belt is matched with the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The output end of the servo motor is connected to the driving wheel.

[0007] In which, the driving member also includes a linear rail, a slider, a connecting block, and a clamping block. The linear rail is arranged on the side of the placement area, the slider is arranged at both ends of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and slides with the linear rail. The connecting block is arranged on the slider close to the side of the belt, the clamping block and the connecting block are detachably connected, and the belt is located between the clamping block and the connecting block.

[0008] Among them, the driving member further includes a linear guide rail, a slider, a connecting block, and a clamping block. The linear guide rail is arranged on the side of the placement area. The slider is arranged at both ends of the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate and is slidably matched with the linear guide rail. The connecting block is arranged on the slider close to the belt side. The clamping block is detachably connected to the connecting block. The belt is located between the clamping block and the connecting block.

[0009] Among them, the pressing member includes a fixed seat and a pneumatic rotating rod. The pneumatic rotating rod is rotatably matched with the fixed seat. The fixed seat is arranged on the side of the clamping area.

[0010] Among them, the inner wall of the belt is provided with first flexible tooth blocks, and the side of the clamping block close to the belt is provided with second tooth blocks meshing with them.

[0011] Among them, placement grooves are arranged around the clamping area.

[0012] Among them, a guide plate is arranged at the upper end of the placement groove, and an inclined surface is arranged on the side of the guide plate close to the clamping area.

[0013] The second problem to be solved by the present invention lies in the low automation degree of the existing PCB board clamping device.

[0014] To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device, including a clamping mechanism, and further including an input module including an upper controller; a control module including a processor, which is electrically connected to the upper controller, the servo motor, and the pneumatic rotating rod.

[0015] For the clamping mechanism and the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device of the present invention, through the innovative design of the servo motor dual-mode collaborative control, the pneumatic rotating rod pressing mechanism and the intelligent control system, the high precision and high reliability of the clamping process are achieved; the position mode of the servo motor ensures that the clamping plate is quickly and accurately positioned to the preset position, and the torque mode provides a stable and controllable clamping force to avoid over-pressing damage to the PCB board; the pneumatic rotating rod automatically presses down after clamping, effectively suppressing the warping deformation of the PCB board and improving the measurement accuracy; the input and automatic control of the upper controller simplify the operation process and significantly improve the clamping efficiency; the modular structure design enables the device to adapt to the clamping requirements of different specifications of PCB boards and has strong expandability; the overall system has the characteristics of fast response, simple operation, and high stability, and can be widely applied to the field of PCB board precision detection. Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping mechanism according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving member according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping mechanism from another perspective according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 - base, 11 - placement area, 2 - clamping assembly, 21 - driving member, 22 - pressing member, 23 - first clamping plate, 24 - second clamping plate, 26 - clamping area, 211 - servo motor, 212 - driving wheel, 213 - driven wheel, 214 - belt, 215 - linear guide, 216 - slider, 217 - connecting block, 218 - clamping block, 220 - second tooth block, 221 - fixed seat, 222 - pneumatic rotating rod, 261 - placement groove, 262 - guide plate, 263 - inclined surface, 3 - input module, 31 - upper controller, 4 - control module, 41 - processor. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping mechanism, Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving member, Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing member, Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping mechanism from another perspective. This embodiment provides a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism includes a base 1 with a placement area 11 provided in the middle; a clamping assembly 2 provided on the base 1, including a driving member 21, a pressing member 22, a first clamping plate 23, and a second clamping plate 24. The driving member 21 is provided on two sides adjacent to the placement area 11 and is respectively connected to the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24. The first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 are vertically and staggeredly arranged. The boundary of the placement area 11 and the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 form a clamping area 26. The pressing member 22 is provided on the base 1 and is located on one side of the clamping area 26;

[0025] The base 1 provides an installation platform. The driving member 21 drives the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 to move, clamping the PCB board. It should be noted that the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 are arranged staggeredly to avoid movement interference. In this embodiment, the first clamping plate 23 is located above the second clamping plate 24. The pressing member 22 is used to press the fixed PCB board to prevent it from warping.

[0026] Specifically, the driving member 21 includes a servo motor 211, a driving wheel 212, a driven wheel 213, and a belt 214. The driving wheel 212 and the driven wheel 213 are rotationally matched with the base 1. The belt 214 is matched with the driving wheel 212 and the driven wheel 213. The output end of the servo motor 211 is connected to the driving wheel 212.

[0027] It should be noted that the servo motor 211 has three modes, namely the zeroing mode, the position mode, and the torque mode. This is prior art and will not be elaborated here. The model of the servo motor 211 in this embodiment is PMM8075B-X. The servo motor 211 drives the belt 214 to transmit power.

[0028] Specifically, the driving member 21 further includes a linear guide 215, a slider 216, a connecting block 217, and a clamping block 218. The linear guide 215 is arranged on the side of the placement area 11. The slider 216 is arranged at both ends of the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 and is slidably matched with the linear guide 215. The connecting block 217 is arranged on the slider 216 close to the side of the belt 214. The clamping block 218 is detachably connected to the connecting block 217. The belt 214 is located between the clamping block 218 and the connecting block 217.

[0029] The linear guide 215 and the slider 216 cooperate to limit the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24. In this embodiment, the clamping block 218 and the connecting block 217 are connected by bolts. A clamping channel for accommodating the belt 214 is formed between the clamping block 218 and the connecting block 217. When the bolt is tightened, it drives the clamping block 218 to generate a radial pressing force, making the belt 214 form a fixed connection with the connecting block 217.

[0030] Specifically, the pressing member 22 includes a fixed seat 221 and a pneumatic rotating rod 222. The pneumatic rotating rod 222 is rotationally matched with the fixed seat 221. The fixed seat 221 is arranged on the side of the clamping area 26.

[0031] It should be noted that the pneumatic rotating rod 222 can also be replaced by other driving methods, such as an electric rotating rod, etc. In this embodiment, a pneumatic solution is adopted. When the PCB board is clamped, the pneumatic rotating rod 222 rotates downward to apply a vertical pressing force to the PCB board, eliminating the warping of the PCB board caused by the clamping stress and ensuring that the flatness after clamping meets the detection requirements.

[0032] Specifically, the inner wall of the belt 214 is provided with first flexible tooth blocks, and the surface of the clamping block 218 close to the belt 214 is provided with second tooth blocks 220 meshing therewith;

[0033] The first flexible tooth blocks on the inner wall of the belt 214 are not shown in the figure. Through the meshing between the tooth blocks, the friction force is increased, and the connection stability between the belt 214 and the connecting block 217 is improved.

[0034] Specifically, placing grooves 261 are provided on all four sides of the clamping area 26;

[0035] The placing grooves 261 are used to place the PCB board and clamp it. In this embodiment, the first clamping plate 23 is located above the substrate 1 and the second clamping plate 24. Therefore, a backing plate is additionally provided below it to form the placing grooves 261.

[0036] Specifically, a guiding plate 262 is provided at the upper end of the placing groove 261, and an inclined surface 263 is provided on the side of the guiding plate 262 close to the clamping area 26;

[0037] The guiding plate 262 facilitates the placement of the PCB board. The inclined surface 263 is aligned with the placing groove 261. When the PCB board is placed above it, it can slide down along the inclined surface 263 into the placing groove 261.

[0038] During use, the servo motor 211 is controlled to the zeroing mode. At this time, the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 are in the initial position, and the clamping area 26 completely coincides with the placing area 11. The clamping area is within the maximum adjustable range. After determining the size of the PCB board to be clamped, the servo motor 211 is adjusted to the position mode. During this process, the servo motor 211 drives the first clamping plate 23 and the second clamping plate 24 to move, adjusts the clamping area 26 to a size matching the PCB board, and offsets it 1 - 2 mm outward. Subsequently, the operator manually places the PCB board to be clamped into the placing groove 261, then adjusts the servo motor 211 to the torque mode to clamp the PCB board. After reaching the preset torque, the servo motor 211 stops rotating. Finally, the pneumatic rotating rod 222 is controlled to press down to press the PCB board, completing the fixation of the PCB board.

[0039] Embodiment 2, referring to Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a two-way automatic variable pitch PCB board clamping device. In this embodiment, a two-way automatic variable pitch PCB board clamping device is proposed, including a clamping mechanism, and further including an input module 3, including an upper controller 31; a control module 4, including a processor 41, electrically connected to the upper controller 31, the servo motor 211, and the pneumatic rotating rod 222;

[0040] The processor 41 is configured to receive and store the PCB size parameters and the preset torque threshold input by the user, generate a position control instruction for the servo motor 211, drive the clamping plate to move to a preparatory position 1-2 mm away from the edge of the PCB clamping area, in response to the clamping start signal triggered by the user, send a mode switching instruction to the servo motor to switch it from the position mode to the torque mode, and receive the feedback signal from the torque detection module in real time. When the detected actual torque value reaches the preset torque threshold, generate a stop instruction for the servo motor 211;

[0041] The upper controller 31 is used to input the PCB size and the preset torque parameters, and trigger the clamping start signal.

[0042] During use, first operate the upper controller 31 to control the servo motor 211 to perform a zeroing operation through the processor 41. Subsequently, set the size parameters of the PCB to be clamped through the input module 3. The servo motor 211 switches to the position mode to adjust the clamping area 26 to a set position adapted to the size of the PCB. After the PCB is placed, operate the upper controller 31. The servo motor 211 switches to the torque mode to apply a progressive clamping force to the PCB until the real-time detected torque reaches the preset threshold, and the servo motor 211 automatically stops running. Subsequently, control the pneumatic rotating rod 222 to rotate downward to press the PCB. Finally, the system outputs a clamping completion signal, and the PCB enters the state to be detected, and the entire clamping process ends.

[0043] The above-disclosed are only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of rights of the present application cannot be limited thereby. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments, and the equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still fall within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A clamping mechanism and a two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device, characterized in that a base (1) with a placement area (11) provided in the middle; a clamping assembly (2) is provided on the base (1), including a driving member (21), a pressing member (22), a first clamping plate (23), and a second clamping plate (24). The driving member (21) is provided on two sides adjacent to the placement area (11) and is respectively connected to the first clamping plate (23) and the second clamping plate (24). The first clamping plate (23) and the second clamping plate (24) are arranged vertically and staggeredly. The boundary of the placement area (11) and the first clamping plate (23) and the second clamping plate (24) form a clamping area (26). The pressing member (22) is provided on the base (1) and is located on one side of the clamping area (26).

2. The clamping mechanism and the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving member (21) includes a servo motor (211), a driving wheel (212), a driven wheel (213), and a belt (214). The driving wheel (212) and the driven wheel (213) are rotationally matched with the base (1). The belt (214) is matched with the driving wheel (212) and the driven wheel (213). The output end of the servo motor (211) is connected to the driving wheel (212).

3. The clamping mechanism and the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device according to claim 2, characterized in that the driving member (21) further includes a linear guide (215), a slider (216), a connecting block (217), and a clamping block (218). The linear guide (215) is provided on the side of the placement area (11). The slider (216) is provided at both ends of the first clamping plate (23) and the second clamping plate (24) and is slidably matched with the linear guide (215). The connecting block (217) is provided on the slider (216) on the side close to the belt (214). The clamping block (218) is detachably connected to the connecting block (217). The belt (214) is located between the clamping block (218) and the connecting block (217).

4. The clamping mechanism and the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressing member (22) includes a fixed seat (221) and a pneumatic rotating rod (222). The pneumatic rotating rod (222) is rotationally matched with the fixed seat (221). The fixed seat (221) is provided on the side of the clamping area (26).

5. The clamping mechanism and the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device according to claim 4, characterized in that the inner wall of the belt (214) is provided with first flexible tooth blocks, and a second tooth block (220) meshing with it is provided on the surface of the clamping block (218) close to the belt (214).

6. The clamping mechanism and the two-way automatic variable-distance PCB board clamping device according to claim 5, characterized in that placement grooves (261) are provided around the clamping area (26).

7. The clamping mechanism and the bidirectional automatic variable pitch PCB board clamping device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide plate (262) is provided at the upper end of the placement groove (261), and an inclined surface (263) is provided on one side of the guide plate (262) close to the clamping area (26).

8. A bidirectional automatic variable pitch PCB board clamping device, comprising a clamping mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising, An input module (3), including an upper controller (31); A control module (4), including a processor (41), which is electrically connected to the upper controller (31), the servo motor (211), and the pneumatic rotating rod (222).

Images