Photoelectrochromic assembly and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a photochromic assembly and a preparation method and application thereof. The photochromic assembly comprises a transparent power generation film layer, a transparent base material layer and an electrochromic film layer which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode. In the direction from the electrochromic film layer to the transparent power generation film layer, the transparent base material layer comprises a first glass substrate, a laminated film layer and a second glass substrate which are sequentially laminated. According to the photochromic assembly provided by the invention, the transparent power generation film layer serves as a power supply end, driving voltage and current are provided for the electrochromic film layer serving as a demand end, and the photochromic assembly is an integrated superposed assembly, so that the functions of autonomous power supply and autonomous regulation and control of color change can be realized without occupying more space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrochromic materials, and particularly relates to a photoelectrochromic component, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electrochromism is an optical property of materials, which is a phenomenon of stable and reversible color change under the action of an external electric field, and is manifested as a reversible change in color and transparency in appearance. The electrochromic component made of electrochromic materials can be used in application scenarios such as smart glass, display devices, and smart wearables. The existing electrochromic components are mainly composed of a transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, an electrochromic layer, and an electrolyte layer, and form a structure similar to a battery in a sandwich-like manner.

[0003] CN 114839818A discloses a tungsten oxide-based colorful electrochromic device with an iron ion electrolyte, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof, including a transparent conductive substrate, a tungsten oxide electrochromic layer, an iron ion-containing colored electrolyte layer, a nickel oxide counter electrode layer, and a transparent conductive substrate arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Among them, the color superposition of the iron ion-containing colored electrolyte layer and the tungsten oxide electrochromic layer can form a colorful electrochromic device. The invention expands the color change range of tungsten oxide-based electrochromic materials by introducing a colored electrolyte. However, the color change of the electrochromic component provided by the invention still needs to be achieved by applying a voltage with an external power source.

[0004] CN 101930142A discloses a photoelectrochromic element and a manufacturing method thereof. At least one thin-film solar cell is formed on a transparent substrate, wherein the thin-film solar cell at least includes an anode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a cathode, and a part of the surface of the anode is exposed from the thin-film solar cell. Subsequently, an electrochromic thin film is deposited on at least one surface of the cathode and the exposed surface of the anode. Subsequently, an electrolyte layer is formed on the surface of the thin-film solar cell to cover the electrochromic thin film.

[0005] CN 103777424A discloses a photoelectrochromic device that can change color with the change of the intensity of sunlight, and the external electric field for controlling the color change is provided by an organic solar cell integrated in the same device. This device includes a transparent non-conductive substrate, a transparent conductive layer, an organic solar cell material layer, an electrochromic material layer, and an electrolyte layer. Among them, the organic solar cell material layer at least includes an anode, a cathode, and an organic photoelectric conversion material layer. The electric power generated by the photoelectric effect of this organic solar cell can provide electric power for the electrochromic layer of the device, and a photosensitive switch is used to automatically control the color change of the device according to the strength of sunlight.

[0006] The above-mentioned photoelectric chromic element does not require an external power supply, but requires an external solar cell module to realize power generation and power supply. It is impossible to form a self-generating and self-controlling combined component, and it is difficult to realize the function of self-power supply and self-regulation.

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, it is necessary to provide a photoelectric color changing component that can realize autonomous power supply and autonomous control functions. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric electrochromic component and its preparation method and application, by combining a transparent power generation film layer with an electrochromic film layer to form a self-generating and self-controlled combined component, thereby realizing the functions of autonomous power supply and autonomous regulation.

[0009] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photoelectric electrochromic component, comprising a transparent power generation film layer, a transparent substrate layer, and an electrochromic film layer stacked in sequence;

[0011] Along the direction from the electrochromic film layer to the transparent power generation film layer, the transparent base material layer includes a first glass substrate, a laminated film layer and a second glass substrate stacked in sequence.

[0012] The photoelectric electrochromic component provided by the present invention uses a transparent power generation film layer to replace solar cells or external power supplies. It can serve as a power supply end to provide driving voltage and driving current to the electrochromic film layer as the demand end. The photoelectric electrochromic component is a stacked component and can achieve the functions of autonomous power supply and autonomous regulation without taking up more space.

[0013] Preferably, along a direction away from the transparent substrate layer, the transparent power generation film layer includes a first transparent conductive layer, an amorphous silicon layer and a second transparent conductive layer stacked in sequence.

[0014] Preferably, in a direction away from the transparent substrate layer, the electrochromic film layer includes a third transparent conductive layer, a cathode electrochromic layer, an ion conducting layer, an anode electrochromic layer, a fourth transparent conductive layer and a protective layer stacked in sequence.

[0015] Preferably, the materials of the first transparent conductive layer, the second transparent conductive layer, the third transparent conductive layer and the fourth transparent conductive layer independently include ITO thin films.

[0016] Preferably, along the direction from the first transparent conductive layer to the second transparent conductive layer, the amorphous silicon layer includes a P-type amorphous silicon layer, an I-type amorphous silicon layer and an N-type amorphous silicon layer stacked in sequence.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the cathode electrochromic layer includes WO3.

[0018] Preferably, the material of the anode electrochromic layer includes NiO.

[0019] It should be noted that the thicknesses of the cathode electrochromic layer and the anode electrochromic layer can be adaptively adjusted according to the application scenario to ensure the color-changing effect of the electrochromic film layer.

[0020] Preferably, the material of the ion-conducting layer includes SiO2.

[0021] Preferably, the material of the protective layer includes SiO2.

[0022] Preferably, the material of the interlayer film includes SGP film and / or PVB film.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an electro-optical chromic component as described in the first aspect. The preparation method includes the following steps:

[0024] (1) Prepare an electrochromic film layer on the surface of a first glass substrate to obtain an electrochromic film layer assembly; prepare a transparent power generation film layer on the surface of a second glass substrate to obtain a transparent power generation film layer assembly;

[0025] (2) Laminate the electrochromic film layer assembly obtained in step (1) and the transparent power generation film layer assembly to obtain a stacked assembly;

[0026] (3) Perform circuit connection processing on the stacked assembly obtained in step (2) to obtain the electro-optical chromic component.

[0027] In the preparation method provided by the present invention, the electrochromic film layer assembly and the transparent power generation film layer assembly are stacked, and then through circuit connection processing, the obtained electro-optical chromic component can achieve self-power supply and self-regulation of color change, with simple preparation and the obtained electro-optical chromic component occupying less space.

[0028] Preferably, the electrochromic film layer in step (1) is prepared by magnetron sputtering.

[0029] Preferably, the preparation steps of the transparent power generation film layer in step (1) include: preparing a first transparent conductive layer on the surface of the second glass substrate by magnetron sputtering, then preparing an amorphous silicon layer on the surface of the first transparent conductive layer by chemical vapor deposition, and then preparing a second transparent conductive layer on the surface of the amorphous silicon layer by magnetron sputtering.

[0030] Preferably, the material used for the lamination treatment in step (2) is an interlayer film.

[0031] Preferably, a battery and a controller are provided in the circuit connection process in step (3).

[0032] After the stacked components are processed through circuit connection, the transparent power generation film layer component is used as the power supply end, the electrochromic film layer component is used as the demand end, and a battery and a controller are arranged in the middle, so as to realize the integrated control of power generation, energy storage and color change.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the photoelectric chromic component as described in the first aspect, wherein the photoelectric chromic component is used for a color-changing glass curtain wall, a color-changing car skylight, or a color-changing display.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The photoelectric electrochromic component provided by the present invention uses a transparent power generation film layer as the power supply end to provide driving voltage and driving current to the electrochromic film layer as the demand end; and the photoelectric electrochromic component is an integrated stacked component, which can achieve the functions of independent power supply and independent color change control without taking up more space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric chromic component provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Among them: 1, first transparent conductive layer; 2, P-type amorphous silicon layer; 3, I-type amorphous silicon layer; 4, N-type amorphous silicon layer; 5, second transparent conductive layer; 6, third transparent conductive layer; 7, cathode electrochromic layer; 8, ion conduction layer; 9, anode electrochromic layer; 10, fourth transparent conductive layer; 11, protective layer; 12, first glass substrate; 13, interlayer film layer; 14, second glass substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by way of specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are merely to help understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This embodiment provides a photoelectric chromic component, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photoelectric electrochromic component includes a transparent power generation film layer, a transparent substrate layer and an electrochromic film layer stacked in sequence;

[0041] Along the direction away from the transparent substrate layer, the transparent power generation film layer includes a first transparent conductive layer 1, a P-type amorphous silicon layer 2, an I-type amorphous silicon layer 3, an N-type amorphous silicon layer 4 and a second transparent conductive layer 5 stacked in sequence.

[0042] In the direction away from the transparent substrate layer, the electrochromic film layer includes a third transparent conductive layer 6, a cathode electrochromic layer 7, an ion conduction layer 8, an anode electrochromic layer 9, a fourth transparent conductive layer 10, and a protective layer 11 that are sequentially stacked.

[0043] In the direction from the electrochromic film layer to the transparent power generation film layer, the transparent substrate layer includes a first glass substrate 12, an interlayer film layer 13, and a second glass substrate 14 that are sequentially stacked.

[0044] The materials of the first transparent conductive layer 1, the second transparent conductive layer 5, the third transparent conductive layer 6, and the fourth transparent conductive layer 10 are ITO films respectively.

[0045] The material of the cathode electrochromic layer 7 is WO3; the material of the anode electrochromic layer 9 is NiO; the material of the ion conduction layer 8 is SiO2; the material of the protective layer 11 is SiO2; the material of the interlayer film layer 13 is an SGP film.

[0046] The preparation method of the photoelectrochromic component includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) The electrochromic film layer is prepared on the surface of the first glass substrate 12 by magnetron sputtering to obtain an electrochromic film layer assembly; the first transparent conductive layer 1 is prepared on the surface of the second glass substrate 14 by magnetron sputtering, then an amorphous silicon layer is prepared on the surface of the first transparent conductive layer 1 by chemical vapor deposition, and then the second transparent conductive layer 5 is prepared on the surface of the amorphous silicon layer by magnetron sputtering to obtain a transparent power generation film layer assembly;

[0048] (2) The electrochromic film layer assembly and the transparent power generation film layer assembly obtained in step (1) are laminated through the interlayer film layer 13 to obtain a stacked assembly;

[0049] (3) The stacked assembly obtained in step (2) is subjected to circuit connection processing, and at the same time, a storage battery and a controller are set to obtain the photoelectrochromic component.

[0050] The obtained photoelectrochromic component uses the transparent power generation film layer as the power supply end to provide a driving voltage and a driving current to the electrochromic film layer as the demand end, can achieve a color change effect, and further realizes the integrated control of power generation, energy storage, and color change.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] This comparative example provides a photoelectrochromic component, which is different from Example 1 in that the transparent power generation film layer is replaced with a silicon thin film solar cell, and the electrochromic film layer is placed on the surface of the exposed cathode or anode of the silicon thin film solar cell, and the rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] The electrochromic component needs to be provided with a solar cell structure to achieve the power generation function. The structure is relatively complex and requires external force control, and it cannot achieve the functions of self-power generation and self-control.

[0054] Comparative Example 2

[0055] This comparative example provides an electrochromic component. The difference from Example 1 is that the transparent power generation film layer is not provided, and an external power supply is introduced to achieve the power generation function of the transparent power generation film layer, and the rest are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] The electrochromic component needs to be provided with an external power supply and requires external force control, and it cannot achieve the functions of autonomous power supply and autonomous color change regulation.

[0057] In summary, for the electrochromic component provided by the present invention, the transparent power generation film layer is used as the power supply end to provide a driving voltage and a driving current to the electrochromic film layer as the demand end; and the electrochromic component is an integrated stacked component, and the functions of autonomous power supply and autonomous color change regulation can be achieved without occupying more space.

[0058] The above are only the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrochromic component, characterized in that, The electrochromic component includes a transparent power generation film layer, a transparent substrate layer, and an electrochromic film layer that are stacked in sequence; Along the direction from the electrochromic film layer to the transparent power generation film layer, the transparent substrate layer includes a first glass substrate, an interlayer film layer, and a second glass substrate that are stacked in sequence.

2. The electrochromic component according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction away from the transparent substrate layer, the transparent power generation film layer includes a first transparent conductive layer, an amorphous silicon layer, and a second transparent conductive layer that are stacked in sequence; Preferably, along the direction away from the transparent substrate layer, the electrochromic film layer includes a third transparent conductive layer, a cathode electrochromic layer, an ion conduction layer, an anode electrochromic layer, a fourth transparent conductive layer, and a protective layer that are stacked in sequence.

3. The electrochromic component according to claim 2, wherein, The materials of the first transparent conductive layer, the second transparent conductive layer, the third transparent conductive layer, and the fourth transparent conductive layer independently include ITO thin films.

4. The electrochromic component according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Along the direction from the first transparent conductive layer to the second transparent conductive layer, the amorphous silicon layer includes a P-type amorphous silicon layer, an I-type amorphous silicon layer, and an N-type amorphous silicon layer that are stacked in sequence.

5. The electrochromic component according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The material of the cathode electrochromic layer includes WO3; Preferably, the material of the anode electrochromic layer includes NiO.

6. The electrochromic component according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The material of the ion conduction layer includes SiO2; Preferably, the material of the protective layer includes SiO2.

7. The electrochromic component according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The material of the interlayer film layer includes an SGP film and / or a PVB film.

8. A method for preparing an electrochromic component according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Prepare an electrochromic film layer on the surface of the first glass substrate to obtain an electrochromic film layer assembly; prepare a transparent power generation film layer on the surface of the second glass substrate to obtain a transparent power generation film layer assembly; (2) Laminate the electrochromic film layer assembly obtained in step (1) with the transparent power generation film layer assembly to obtain a stacked assembly; (3) Perform circuit connection processing on the stacked assembly obtained in step (2) to obtain the electrochromic component.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The electrochromic film layer in step (1) is prepared by magnetron sputtering; Preferably, the preparation steps of the transparent power generation film layer in step (1) include: preparing a first transparent conductive layer on the surface of the second glass substrate by magnetron sputtering, then preparing an amorphous silicon layer on the surface of the first transparent conductive layer by chemical vapor deposition, and then preparing a second transparent conductive layer on the surface of the amorphous silicon layer by magnetron sputtering; Preferably, the material used for the lamination treatment in step (2) is an interlayer film layer; Preferably, a storage battery and a controller are provided in the circuit connection processing in step (3).

10. Use of a photochromic component according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The electrochromic component is used for a color-changing glass curtain wall, a color-changing automotive sunroof, or a color-changing display.

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