Power supply assembly and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a power supply assembly and method for providing electric energy for a target system. The power supply assembly comprises: a first controller configured to generate a power supply control signal; the first selection switch is configured to receive the power supply control signal, is selectively connected with at least one energy storage module according to the power supply control signal, and outputs electric energy to the target system at a preset voltage; a second controller configured to generate a charging control signal; the second selection switch is configured to receive the charging control signal, and is selectively connected with the at least one energy storage module according to the charging control signal; and the charging circuit is configured to be selectively connected with the at least one energy storage module through the second selection switch so as to charge the at least one energy storage module. Through the above means, different output voltages can be selected as required to output electric energy, and the energy storage module to be charged is selected as required.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the patent application titled "Power Supply Component and Method". The filing date of the original application is June 27, 2016, and the application number is CN201610482321.9. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of power supplies, and particularly to a power supply component and method. Background Art

[0003] Generally, various transportation vehicles, devices or electronic devices are configured with built-in power supplies to provide electrical energy for various internal components. For example, an automobile usually has a storage battery, commonly a lead-acid battery, which is used to provide the necessary electrical energy when starting the vehicle, and also provides a low-voltage DC power supply for other electronic devices on the vehicle, such as audio, air conditioner, lights, instruments, etc. Usually, after the engine is started, the engine can charge the automobile battery to ensure that the automobile battery has sufficient power. However, for some reasons, such as the vehicle being idle for a long time, forgetting to turn off the key switch when leaving the vehicle, forgetting to turn off the lights, or a fault in the vehicle's low-voltage electrical system, the automobile battery may not have enough power to start the vehicle, or the automobile battery may completely fail. Therefore, some automotive emergency power supply products are used to provide emergency starting when the automobile battery cannot start the vehicle.

[0004] However, generally, automotive storage batteries are divided into 12V and 24V according to different rated voltage specifications, which can start gasoline engines and diesel engines respectively. Storage batteries with different rated voltages require different specifications of charging circuits. Otherwise, too high a voltage will cause the storage battery to heat up and be damaged, and too low a voltage will not effectively charge the storage battery. Existing storage batteries with different specifications usually correspond to different emergency power supplies, resulting in a waste of resources and very inconvenient use. In addition, in special cases, transportation vehicles, devices or electronic devices do not have built-in power supplies either.

[0005] Correspondingly, an emergency power supply capable of multi-voltage output also needs to be charged. How to perform adaptive charging according to the energy storage status of the energy storage module in the multi-voltage output emergency power supply is also a situation that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] At least one object of the present invention is to provide a power supply component and method to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

[0007] The present invention relates to a power supply component capable of supplying electrical energy to a target system. The power supply component includes: a first controller configured to receive an external signal or instruction and generate a power supply control signal according to the external signal or instruction; and a first selection switch configured to receive the power supply control signal and change the connection relationship between at least one energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electrical energy to the target system at a predetermined voltage. Wherein, the at least one energy storage module is selectively connected to the target system through the first selection switch, and when it is necessary to output electrical energy at a first voltage, the first energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module is separately connected to the target system.

[0008] In some embodiments, when it is necessary to output electrical energy at a specific other voltage, the first energy storage module and a specific other energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module are connected in series to the target system.

[0009] In some embodiments, the at least one energy storage module includes the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module. The first selection switch is configured to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electrical energy to the target system at the first voltage or the second voltage. Wherein, when it is necessary to output electrical energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system, and when it is necessary to output electrical energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series to the target system.

[0010] In some embodiments, the at least one energy storage module includes the first energy storage module, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module. The first selection switch is configured to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electrical energy to the target system at the first voltage, the second voltage or the third voltage. Wherein, when it is necessary to output electrical energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system, and when it is necessary to output electrical energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series to the target system; when it is necessary to output electrical energy at the third voltage, the first energy storage module, the second energy storage module and the third energy storage module are connected in series to the target system.

[0011] In some embodiments, an instruction input circuit is further included. The instruction input circuit is configured to output the instruction to the first controller, so that the first controller controls the first selection switch to achieve the output of the first voltage or the second voltage according to the instruction.

[0012] In some embodiments, a voltage detection circuit is further included. The voltage detection circuit is configured to detect the voltage of the target system and output a voltage detection signal, and the first controller identifies the voltage of the target system according to the voltage detection signal and controls the first selection switch to output a first voltage or a second voltage.

[0013] In some embodiments, the voltage detection circuit outputs the voltage detection signal through a voltage division circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, a charging circuit, a second controller, and a second selection switch are further included. The second controller is configured to generate a charging control signal for controlling the circuit connected by the second selection switch. The second selection switch is configured to selectively connect to a first energy storage module or a second energy storage module, receive the charging control signal, and change the connection relationship between the charging circuit and the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module according to the charging control signal. The charging circuit is configured to be selectively connected to the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module through the second selection switch to charge the first energy storage module or charge the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module simultaneously.

[0015] In some embodiments, the charging circuit includes a voltage detection circuit and a buck-boost circuit, and can be connected to an external charging power supply, boost the external charging power supply when boost charging is required, and step down the external charging power supply when buck charging is required.

[0016] In some embodiments, the buck-boost circuit includes a capacitor, a triode, a diode, and an inductor.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module is composed of a plurality of capacitors connected in series or a plurality of batteries connected in series.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery is a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganese oxide battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium titanate battery, a ternary material lithium ion battery, or a lead-acid battery.

[0019] In some embodiments, the capacitor includes a super capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor, a hybrid capacitor, or a farad capacitor.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module is composed of 4 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 3 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module is composed of 3 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 3 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series.

[0022] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module is composed of 4 batteries with a voltage of 3.2V connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 4 batteries with a voltage of 3.2V connected in series.

[0023] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module is composed of 4 batteries with a voltage of 3.7V / 3.8V connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 4 batteries with a voltage of 3.7V / 3.8V connected in series.

[0024] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module is composed of 5 or 6 lithium titanate batteries with a voltage of 2.4V connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 5 or 6 lithium titanate batteries with a voltage of 2.4V connected in series.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first energy storage module is composed of 3 - 5 capacitors connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 3 - 5 capacitors connected in series.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first selection switch or the second selection switch is implemented manually, or by a relay, a MOS transistor, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).

[0027] In some embodiments, the power supply component is a portable power supply component.

[0028] In some embodiments, the target system includes an automobile.

[0029] The present invention also relates to a method for supplying electric energy to a target system using the aforementioned power supply component. The method performs the following steps: providing an external signal or instruction to a first controller; the first controller generating a power supply control signal according to the signal or the instruction; the first selection switch changing the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal; when it is necessary to output electric energy at a first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system; when it is necessary to output electric energy at a second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

[0030] Through the technical solution provided by the present invention, the following technical effects can be obtained: First, it can automatically detect the voltage of the target system and automatically control the selection switch to output electric energy at different output voltages; second, it can automatically detect the voltage of the energy storage module and select according to different needs to address the problem of stepping up or down the voltage of the charging power supply connected; third, it can automatically select the energy storage module that needs to be charged according to different needs.

[0031] The above is an overview of the present invention. There may be simplifications, generalizations, and omissions of details. Therefore, those skilled in the art should recognize that this part is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. This overview section is neither intended to identify the key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter nor to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The above and other features of the present invention will be more fully and clearly understood by reference to the following description, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that these drawings only depict several embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. By using the drawings, the present invention will be more clearly and detailedly described.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a power supply component of the present invention is shown.

[0034] Figures 2A - 2C A schematic diagram of a energy storage module circuit of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a power supply component with an input instruction of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Figure 4 Shown is Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the circuit of the first controller with an input instruction in

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a power supply component with a voltage detection circuit of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a power supply component with a relay as the first selection switch of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a power supply component with a MOS transistor as the first selection switch of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a power supply component with a relay as the first selection switch of another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a power supply component with a MOS transistor as the first selection switch of another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0042] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a voltage detection circuit of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0043] Figure 11Shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power supply component of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 Shows a schematic diagram of the charging circuit of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figures 13A - 13B Shows Figure 12 The circuit schematic diagrams of the shown VIN terminal, VOUT terminal, and the circuit schematic diagram of the second controller. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof. In the drawings, like reference signs generally denote like components unless the context dictates otherwise. The exemplary embodiments described in the detailed implementation manners, the drawings, and the claims are not intended to be limiting. Other embodiments may be employed and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the subject matter of the present invention. It will be understood that various configurations, substitutions, combinations, and designs of the various aspects of the subject matter of the present invention generally described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be made, and all of these are expressly contemplated as part of the subject matter of the present invention.

[0047] At the same time, it should be understood that the terms or phrases used herein are for the purpose of illustration and should not be regarded as limiting. As used herein, "including" and "comprising" and their variants are intended to include the items listed thereafter and their equivalents as well as additional items. As used herein, "consisting of" and its variants are intended to include only the items listed thereafter and their equivalents. Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "coupled", "connected", and "joined" and their variants are used in a broad sense and cover direct or indirect coupling, connection, joining, and coupling.

[0048] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a power supply component of the present invention. The power supply component includes a first energy storage module (i.e., Figure 1 the battery pack / capacitor bank 1 in Figure 1 the same hereinafter), a second energy storage module (i.e., Figure 1 the battery pack / capacitor bank 2 in

[0049] In Figure 1In the illustrated embodiment, two energy storage modules are included. Correspondingly, a first controller (i.e., the first microcontroller in the figure, the same hereinafter) is configured to receive an external signal or instruction and generate a power supply control signal according to the external signal or instruction; the first selection switch is configured to be operably connected to the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module, receive the power supply control signal, and change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and output electric energy at a first voltage or a second voltage; the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and selectively connected to the target system through the first selection switch; when it is necessary to output electric energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system, and when it is necessary to output electric energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

[0050] However, it should be noted that the present invention does not limit that there can only be two energy storage modules, nor does it limit that the output voltages only include the first voltage and the second voltage. That is to say, according to the technical solution of the present invention, the first selection switch can change the connection relationship between at least one energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electric energy to the target system at a predetermined voltage; wherein, the at least one energy storage module is selectively connected to the target system through the first selection switch, and when it is necessary to output electric energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module is separately connected to the target system. In some embodiments, when it is necessary to output electric energy at a specific other voltage, the first energy storage module and a specific other energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

[0051] Specifically, in some embodiments, the at least one energy storage module includes the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module, and the first selection switch is configured to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electric energy to the target system at the first voltage or the second voltage; wherein, when it is necessary to output electric energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system, and when it is necessary to output electric energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

[0052] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the at least one energy storage module includes the first energy storage module, the second energy storage module, and the third energy storage module. The first selection switch is configured to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module, the second energy storage module, and the third energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electric energy to the target system at the first voltage, the second voltage, or the third voltage. Wherein, when it is necessary to output electric energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system; when it is necessary to output electric energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system; when it is necessary to output electric energy at the third voltage, the first energy storage module, the second energy storage module, and the third energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

[0053] In summary, the present invention may include multiple energy storage modules, and one or a specific several of the energy storage modules are selected to be connected in series to output electric energy to the target system according to the required output voltage.

[0054] Hereinafter, for the sake of simplicity, an example will be described in which there are two energy storage modules, and the first voltage and the second voltage are output at 12V and 24V respectively. As shown in the attached drawing, the positive pole of the built-in power supply is KAR+, and the negative pole of the built-in power supply is KAR-. When it is necessary to start a 12V automobile engine, the selection switch connects B1+ and KAR+; when starting a 24V automobile engine, the selection switch connects B2+ and KAR+. The negative pole of the first energy storage module is always connected to the negative pole KAR- of the built-in power supply. The selection switch can be manual or realized by two controllable switches such as relays, MOS transistors, or IGBTs that are not turned on simultaneously.

[0055] In practical applications, the power supply assembly can be used for emergency starting of engines of various vehicle models, such as emergency starting of engines of automobiles, motorcycles, tricycles, or other motor vehicles. Therefore, the charging voltage includes but is not limited to 12V or 24V.

[0056] Figures 2A - 2C The circuit schematic diagram of the energy storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Each energy storage module is composed of a battery pack or a capacitor pack. As Figures 2A - 2CAs shown, the battery pack is composed of multiple batteries connected in series, and the capacitor bank is composed of multiple capacitors connected in series. Taking the output voltage of 12V or 24V as an example: Optionally, the energy storage module 1 can be composed of 4 series of 3.7V / 3.8V batteries, and the energy storage module 2 can be composed of 3 series of 3.7V / 3.8V batteries; or the energy storage module 1 can be composed of 3 series of 3.7V / 3.8V batteries, and the energy storage module 2 can be composed of 3 series of 3.7V / 3.8V batteries; or the energy storage module 1 can be composed of 4 series of 3.2V batteries, and the energy storage module 2 can be composed of 4 series of 3.2V batteries; or the energy storage module 1 can be composed of 4 series of 3.7V / 3.8V batteries, and the energy storage module 2 can be composed of 4 series of 3.7V / 3.8V batteries; or the energy storage module 1 can be composed of 5 series / 6 series of 2.4V lithium titanate batteries, and the energy storage module 2 can be composed of 5 series / 6 series of 2.4V lithium titanate batteries; or the energy storage module 1 can be composed of 3 - 5 series of capacitors, and the energy storage module 2 can be composed of 3 - 5 series of capacitors. The batteries are connected in series with each other, and the capacitors are also connected in series with each other.

[0057] In practical applications, the 3.7V / 3.8V batteries include ternary batteries and lithium cobalt oxide batteries, the 3.2V batteries include lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the capacitors include supercapacitors, farad capacitors, hybrid capacitors, and lithium-ion (LIC) capacitors. Among them, the most commonly used 12V energy storage module is composed of 3 series of 3.7V lithium cobalt oxide batteries, or 12V energy storage module is composed of 4 series of 3.2V lithium iron phosphate batteries. It should be noted that in actual use, the 12V voltage is a general term, and voltages from 10.5V to 14.4V all belong to the nominal 12V voltage. Generally speaking, when a 12V lead-acid battery discharges to 10.5 volts, there is basically no power left, and continuing to discharge will damage the battery life. When the charging voltage is above 14.4 volts, the battery starts to release hydrogen and oxygen. Prolonged release of hydrogen and oxygen will cause the battery to be scrapped. However, sometimes to increase the charging speed, the voltage can be briefly increased to about 16 volts. In the present invention, the energy storage module composed of lithium batteries allows the voltage value range to be between 10.8V and 16V. The highest battery voltage value of the energy storage module of the present invention is around 16V. When the engine starts, the highest voltage of the energy storage module is 16V, and at this time, the built-in power supply will be below 14.4V, which will not cause damage to the lead-acid battery used as the built-in power supply.

[0058] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the power supply component with an input instruction according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 On Figure 1 the basis, a first controller and an instruction input circuit are added, and the 12V and 24V voltage outputs are controlled by instructions. In practical applications, the most common input instruction is a button.

[0059] Figure 4 Then it shows Figure 3 the circuit schematic diagram of the first controller with an input instruction in Figure 4As shown, the instruction input circuit includes a button S1 and a pull-up resistor R1. When the button S1 is not pressed, the signal output to the first controller is at a high level; when the button S1 is pressed, the signal input to the first controller is at a low level. The first controller determines whether a button is pressed based on the change in the level, that is, determines whether there is an instruction input, and thus issues a power supply control signal according to the instruction to control the first selection switch to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the built-in power supply, and outputs electrical energy at different output voltages.

[0060] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the power supply component with a voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 On the Figure 1 basis, a first controller and a built-in power supply voltage detection circuit are added. The voltage detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of the built-in power supply and output a voltage detection signal. The first controller identifies the voltage of the built-in power supply according to the voltage detection signal, and thus issues a power supply control signal to control the first selection switch to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the built-in power supply, and outputs electrical energy at different output voltages.

[0061] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the power supply component with a relay as the first selection switch according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As Figure 6 shown, the first controller ( Figure 6 not shown in the figure) is configured to receive an external signal or instruction, and generate a power supply control signal according to the external signal or instruction. When it is necessary to output a second voltage, the power supply control signal controls K1 to close, and electrical energy is output at the second voltage; when it is necessary to output a first voltage, the power supply control signal controls K2 to close, and electrical energy is output at the first voltage.

[0062] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the power supply component with a MOS transistor as the first selection switch according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As Figure 7 shown, the first controller ( Figure 7 not shown in the figure) is configured to receive an external signal or instruction, and generate a power supply control signal according to the external signal or instruction. When it is necessary to output a second voltage, the power supply control signal controls Q1 to conduct, Q2 to conduct, Q3 to cut off, and Q4 to cut off, and then electrical energy is output at the second voltage; when it is necessary to output a first voltage, the power supply control signal controls Q3 to conduct, Q4 to conduct, Q1 to cut off, and Q2 to cut off, and then electrical energy is output at the first voltage.

[0063] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the power supply component with a relay as the first selection switch according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. As [[ID=३१]] Figure 8 [[ID=३२]]shown, the first controller (Figure 8 configured to receive an external signal or instruction, and generate a power supply control signal according to the external signal or instruction. Taking the output of 12V or 24V voltage as an example: when 24V_ON / OFF is at a high level, K1 closes, and electrical energy is output at 24V to start the 24V engine; when 12V_ON / OFF is at a high level, K2 closes, and electrical energy is output at 12V to start the 12V engine.

[0064] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the power supply component with the MOS tube as the first selection switch according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. As Figure 9 shown, the first controller ( Figure 9 not shown in the figure) is configured to receive an external signal or instruction, and generate a power supply control signal according to the external signal or instruction. Taking the output of 1.V or 24V voltage as an example: Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 are PMOS, and Q5, Q6 are NMOS. When 24V_ON / OFF is at a high level, Q5 conducts, Q1 conducts, and Q2 conducts; when 24V_ON / OFF is at a low level, Q5 cuts off, Q1 cuts off, and Q2 cuts off. When 12V_ON / OFF is at a high level, Q6 conducts, Q3 conducts, and Q4 conducts; when 12V_ON / OFF is at a low level, Q6 cuts off, Q3 cuts off, and Q4 cuts off.

[0065] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the voltage detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. As Figure 10 shown, the voltage detection circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, and a capacitor C1. R1 and R2 form a voltage division. The positive terminal KAR+ of the built-in power supply is connected to one end of the voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the built-in power supply. The voltage detection circuit outputs a voltage detection signal through VIN_SN, and VIN_SN is connected to the ADC inside the first controller. The first controller reads the voltage of VIN_SN to obtain the voltage of the built-in power supply.

[0066] Figure 11 The schematic diagram of another embodiment of the power supply component according to the present invention is shown. As Figure 11 shown, the power supply component has a charging circuit, a second controller, and a second selection switch. The second controller generates a charging control signal for controlling the circuit connected by the second selection switch; the second selection switch is configured to operably connect to the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module, receive the charging control signal, and change the connection relationship between the charging circuit and the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module according to the charging control signal; the charging circuit is selectively connected to the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module through the second selection switch to charge the first energy storage module, or the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module.

[0067] Figure 12 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 12 shown, the charging circuit includes a voltage detection circuit and a buck-boost circuit, and can be connected to an external charging power supply, where VIN is the positive pole of the external charging power supply, GND is the ground terminal, and the buck-boost circuit includes a capacitor C1, a triode Q1, a diode D1, an inductor L2, a triode Q2, and a capacitor C3. R1, R13, and C14 constitute a current detection circuit.

[0068] The first energy storage module, the second energy storage module, and the VIN terminal and the VOUT terminal are respectively configured with voltage detection circuits ( Figure 12 not shown) for detecting the voltage conditions of the energy storage module and the input and output terminals of the charging circuit. VIN serves as the input terminal of the charging circuit, and VOUT serves as the output terminal of the charging circuit. When the voltage detection circuit detects that the voltage at the VIN terminal is greater than the voltage at the VOUT terminal, the buck-boost circuit needs to step down the high voltage at the VIN terminal to charge the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module at the VOUT terminal. Similarly, when the voltage detection circuit detects that the voltage at the VIN terminal is less than the voltage at the VOUT terminal, the buck-boost circuit needs to step up the low voltage at the VIN terminal to charge the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module at the VOUT terminal.

[0069] The pulse width modulation (PWM) generator is the key to achieving buck-boost. The PWM signal output by the PWM generator has a high level and a low level within one cycle, and the proportion of the high-level period in the cycle is defined as the duty cycle. When the PWM signal is at the high level, the switching transistor is turned on and the diode is turned off. At this time, the inductor in the buck-boost circuit charges and stores energy. When the PWM signal is at the low level, the switching transistor is turned off and the diode is turned on. At this time, the inductor releases energy. Assuming that the induced electromotive force generated by the inductor is VL, then Vout = Vin + VL. Among them, VL is related to Vin and the duty cycle. PWM BUCK controls bucking, and the higher the duty cycle, the higher the bucking ratio. PWM BOOST controls boosting, and the higher the duty cycle, the higher the boosting ratio. Therefore, by adjusting the PWM BUCK signal and the PWM_BOOST signal, the input voltage at the VIN terminal can be adjusted to the voltage at the VOUT terminal suitable for charging the energy storage module. The specific operation steps are as follows: When bucking charging is required, the second controller controls the duty cycle of PWM BOOST to be 0. At this time, Q2 is always not turned on, and at the same time, the duty cycle of PWM BUCK is adjusted to achieve bucking. When boosting charging is required, the second controller controls the duty cycle of PWM BUCK to be 0. At this time, Q1 is always not turned on, and at the same time, the duty cycle of PWM BOOST is adjusted to achieve boosting.

[0070] The second selection switch is configured to be operably connected to the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module, receive a charging control signal, and change the connection relationship between the charging circuit and the first energy storage module or the second energy storage module according to the charging control signal. When the voltage detection circuit detects that the first energy storage module needs to be charged, the second controller controls the second selection switch to select the charging circuit to be separately connected to the first energy storage module; when the voltage detection circuit detects that the second energy storage module needs to be charged, the second controller controls the second selection switch to select the charging circuit to be connected to the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module in series. In practical applications, the second selection switch preferentially selects the charging circuit to be separately connected to the first energy storage module. After the first energy storage module is charged, it then selects the charging circuit to be connected to the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module in series.

[0071] As described above, although two energy storage modules are used as examples in the present invention, in practical applications, there may be more than two energy storage modules. Correspondingly, at this time, the charging circuit can also be slightly adjusted to charge more than two energy storage modules respectively, which will not be repeated here.

[0072] Figures 13A - 13B Shows Figure 12 The schematic diagram of the voltage detection circuit of the VIN terminal and the VOUT terminal shown, as well as the schematic diagram of the second controller. As Figures 13A - 13B shown, the voltage of the VIN terminal is divided by the voltage detection circuit composed of resistor R13, resistor R12 and capacitor C14, and the second controller detects the voltage of the VIN terminal through the VIN_SN2 terminal; the voltage of the VOUT terminal is divided by the voltage detection circuit composed of resistor R1, resistor R2 and capacitor C4, and the second controller detects the voltage of the VOUT terminal through VIN_SN1, that is, the voltage of the energy storage module to be charged. R1 in the second controller serves as a charging current test element.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first controller and the second controller are the same controller.

[0074] The present invention also provides a method for supplying electrical energy to a target system, where the target system includes a built-in power source. The method is characterized in that it includes: providing a first controller configured to receive an external signal or instruction and generate a power supply control signal according to the signal or the instruction; and providing a first selection switch configured to receive the power supply control signal and change the connection relationship between at least one energy storage module and the built-in power source according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electrical energy to the target system at a predetermined voltage. Wherein, the at least one energy storage module is selectively connected to the built-in power source through the first selection switch, and when it is necessary to output electrical energy at a first voltage, the first energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module is separately connected to the built-in power source.

[0075] Those skilled in the art should also understand that the various exemplary method steps and units described in connection with the various embodiments disclosed in the present invention can be implemented as electronic hardware, software, or a combination of both. To clearly represent the interchangeability of hardware and software, the various exemplary steps and units above are generally described in terms of their functions. As for whether such a function is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system. Those skilled in the art can implement the described functions in a flexible manner for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as deviating from the scope of the present invention.

[0076] As used in the specification of the present invention, "example / exemplary" means serving as an example, illustration, or explanation. Any technical solution described as "exemplary" in the specification should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other technical solutions.

[0077] It should be noted that although several modules or sub-modules of the power supply component and the power supply device are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the features and functions of the two or more modules described above can be embodied in one module. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules.

[0078] The present invention provides the above description of the disclosed technical content to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. For those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations of these technical contents are obvious, and the general principles defined by the present invention can also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments shown above, but should be consistent with the broadest scope consistent with the inventive concept disclosed in the present invention.

[0079] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement other changes to the disclosed embodiments by studying the specification, the disclosed content, the drawings, and the appended claims. In the claims, the term "comprising" does not exclude other elements and steps, and the terms "a", "an" do not exclude a plurality. In the actual application of the present invention, one part may perform the functions of multiple technical features recited in the claims. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

Claims

1. A power supply component for providing electrical energy to a target system, characterized in that, The power supply component includes: A first controller configured to generate a power supply control signal; A first selection switch configured to receive the power supply control signal and selectively connect at least one energy storage module according to the power supply control signal, and output electric energy to the target system at a predetermined voltage; A second controller configured to generate a charging control signal; A second selection switch configured to receive the charging control signal and selectively connect the at least one energy storage module according to the charging control signal; A charging circuit configured to be selectively connected to the at least one energy storage module through the second selection switch to charge the at least one energy storage module.

2. The power supply component according to claim 1, characterized in that When it is necessary to output electric energy at a first voltage, a first energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module is separately connected to the target system; when it is necessary to output electric energy at a specific other voltage, the first energy storage module and a specific other energy storage module in the at least one energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

3. The power supply component according to claim 1, wherein The at least one energy storage module includes the first energy storage module and a second energy storage module, and the first selection switch is configured to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electric energy to the target system at the first voltage or the second voltage; wherein, when it is necessary to output electric energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is separately connected to the target system, and when it is necessary to output electric energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

4. The power supply component according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least one energy storage module includes the first energy storage module and a second energy storage module, and the first selection switch is configured to change the connection relationship between the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module and the target system according to the power supply control signal, and select to output electric energy to the target system at the first voltage or the second voltage; wherein, when it is necessary to output electric energy at the first voltage, the first energy storage module is connected to the target system, and the first energy storage module is not connected to the target system in series with the second energy storage module, and when it is necessary to output electric energy at the second voltage, the first energy storage module and the second energy storage module are connected in series and then connected to the target system.

5. The power supply component according to claim 1, wherein It further includes an instruction input circuit configured to output the instruction to the first controller, so that the first controller controls the first selection switch according to the instruction to achieve the output of the predetermined voltage.

6. The power supply assembly according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes a buck-boost circuit connected to an external charging power supply. When boost charging is required, the buck-boost circuit boosts the external charging power supply, and when buck charging is required, the buck-boost circuit steps down the external charging power supply.

7. The power supply component according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes a voltage detection circuit for detecting the voltage of the at least one energy storage module, the input end of the charging circuit or the output end of the charging circuit.

8. The power supply component according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The first energy storage module or the second energy storage module is composed of a plurality of capacitors connected in series, or composed of a plurality of batteries connected in series.

9. The power supply component according to claim 8, characterized in that The battery is a lithium cobalt oxide battery, a lithium manganese oxide battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a lithium titanate battery, a ternary material lithium ion battery, or a lead acid battery.

10. The power supply component according to claim 8, wherein The capacitor includes a super capacitor, a lithium ion capacitor, a hybrid capacitor, or a farad capacitor.

11. The power supply component according to claim 8, wherein The first energy storage module is composed of 4 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 3 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series.

12. The power supply component according to claim 8, wherein The first energy storage module is composed of 3 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 3 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series.

13. The power supply component according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first energy storage module is composed of 4 3.2V batteries connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 4 3.2V batteries connected in series.

14. The power supply component according to claim 8, wherein The first energy storage module is composed of 4 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 4 3.7V / 3.8V batteries connected in series.

15. The power supply component according to claim 8, wherein The first energy storage module is composed of 3-5 capacitors connected in series, and the second energy storage module is composed of 3-5 capacitors connected in series.

16. The power supply component according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The first controller and the second controller are the same controller.

17. The power supply assembly according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first selection switch or the second selection switch is implemented manually, or by a relay, a MOS transistor, or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).

18. The power supply component according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The power supply component is a portable power supply component.

19. The power supply component according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The target system includes an automobile.

20. A method for providing electrical energy to a target system, characterized in that, The method includes: Selectively connecting at least one energy storage module according to a power supply control signal, and outputting electric energy to the target system at a predetermined voltage; Selectively connecting the at least one energy storage module according to a charging control signal to charge the at least one energy storage module.

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