High-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruding machine

Abstract

The high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruding machine comprises a main machine, an automatic material conveying mechanism, a segmented material cutting mechanism, a hydraulic station and an automatic control device, the main machine comprises an upper cross beam, a material cavity beam plate and stand columns, a hydraulic plunger is fixedly arranged on the upper cross beam, a main column rod and an ejector rod are arranged in the hydraulic plunger, and the lower end of the main column rod is connected with a movable mold frame; the lower end of the ejector rod penetrates through the movable die frame and is fixedly provided with a pressing head, a pressing sleeve is arranged between the vacuum sealing plate and the ejector rod, a die sleeve assembly is fixedly arranged on the material cavity beam plate, the vacuum sealing plate and the upper end face of the die sleeve assembly are tightly sealed, and a material cavity in the die sleeve assembly is vacuum. The pressing head can stretch into the cavity material in a sealed mode and press pug in the material cavity out of the die sleeve assembly. The four-column type honeycomb ceramic extruder is high in precision, large in pressure, high in vacuum degree, constant in extrusion speed and good in sealing ring effect, the production efficiency can be improved, the production cost can be reduced, and the product quality can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of honeycomb ceramic structure processing, in particular to a clay extruder used for processing honeycomb ceramic structures. Background Art

[0002] Currently, to improve production efficiency, continuous extruders with screw thrust are commonly used in the production of honeycomb ceramic structures. The extruder is activated, forcing the clay material through a honeycomb die under the pressure of extrusion. The clay material then forms the desired honeycomb structure through the die. After extrusion, the honeycomb structure passes through a cooling device to stabilize its shape. Finally, the continuous honeycomb structure is cut into specific lengths or shapes as needed. The advantage of using a continuous extruder is that it allows for continuous extrusion production without stopping the machine. As manufacturers demand higher quality products, the demand for clay extrusion equipment (machines) is increasing, requiring high precision, high pressure, and the ability to produce uniformly soft and hard products even with low clay moisture content. However, existing continuous extruders present several challenges: First, after clay material is added to the cavity, a pressure head with a Y-shaped sealing ring enters the upper end of the cavity, creating a vacuum between the pressure head and the material surface. The pressure head then moves downward, extruding the clay material from the die sleeve outlet and cutting it into short, cylindrical honeycomb ceramic segments. However, since the pressure head moves back and forth in the material chamber, the Y-shaped sealing ring is easily worn and needs to be replaced after working for 1 day (about 8-10 hours). Frequent replacement reduces production efficiency and increases production cost. If the Y-shaped sealing ring is not replaced in time, the material chamber between the pressure head and the material chamber will communicate with the outside world and enter air, which will reduce the vacuum degree of the material chamber 23, and air will enter the clay material, so that the extruded honeycomb ceramic product will increase the air. During high-temperature firing, the clay material contains air, and the product will crack and bulge, thereby reducing product quality. Secondly, during the process of the pressure head on the existing extruder moving from top to bottom to press the material, the downward movement speed will gradually decrease, the compactness of the clay material will be uneven, and the wear resistance and heat denaturation resistance of the fired product after extrusion will decrease, affecting the precision and quality of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the problems existing in the existing extruders in the above-mentioned prior art when manufacturing honeycomb ceramic bodies, the present invention proposes a high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruder with high precision, high pressure, high vacuum, and constant extrusion speed. The effective working time of the sealing ring can reach 1 week (7 working days is about 50-60 hours). This can not only improve production efficiency and reduce production costs, but also improve product quality.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruder, which includes a main machine, an automatic feeding device, a segmented cutting mechanism, a hydraulic station and an automatic control device. The main machine includes an upper crossbeam, a material cavity beam plate and columns fixedly connected to the upper crossbeam and the material cavity beam plate at the upper and lower ends respectively. A hydraulic plunger is fixedly provided on the upper crossbeam. The hydraulic plunger has a main column rod and a mandrel that can move up and down. The lower end of the main column rod is connected to the movable mold frame. The lower end of the mandrel moves through the movable mold frame and is fixedly provided with a pressure head. The lower end of the mandrel is movably connected to the vacuum sealing plate with a sealing ring III. The pressure head is provided with a cylindrical sealing ring II, a sealing ring I is provided on the lower bottom surface of the vacuum sealing plate, a pressing sleeve is provided between the vacuum sealing plate and the push rod, a mold sleeve assembly is fixedly provided on the material cavity beam plate, and a vacuum hole connected to the vacuum pump is provided on the upper end of the mold sleeve assembly. When the main column moves downward, the vacuum sealing plate can move downward with the movable mold frame to achieve a tight seal with the upper end surface of the mold sleeve assembly and form a vacuum in the material cavity in the mold sleeve assembly. When the push rod moves downward, the pressure head can extend into the material cavity in a sealed manner and press the mud material in the material cavity out of the mold sleeve assembly.

[0005] The sealing ring II of the present invention has a rectangular (square or oblong) cross section and is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0006] The working process of the present invention is: first start the hydraulic plunger, so that the movable die frame connected to the lower end of the main column in the hydraulic plunger, together with the press sleeve and the press head, moves upward to the position as shown in FIG. Figure 2 After the hydraulic plunger reaches the solid line position (high position) shown in the figure, it stops working, and then the automatic feeding device is started to add a certain amount of mud into the material cavity 23 of the mold sleeve assembly fixed on the material cavity beam plate (the mud occupies no more than two-thirds of the volume of the material cavity). After adding the materials, the hydraulic plunger is started again, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil cylinder, causing the main column 14 and the push rod 26 in the hydraulic plunger to start moving downward synchronously (in the downward process, the oil is fed from the downward oil inlet hole 30 and discharged from the upward oil inlet hole 14), and drives the movable mold frame 6 fixedly connected to the lower end of the main column to move downward. When the movable mold frame 6 moves downward The main column stops moving downward, the vacuum sealing plate does not move, and the ejector rod continues to move downward. When the vacuum sealing plate moves down to the upper end surface of the die sleeve assembly (the upper end surface of the material cavity), the main column rod seals the vacuum sealing plate tightly against the upper end surface of the material cavity on the die sleeve assembly through the pressure sleeve, so that the material cavity of the die sleeve assembly can form a vacuum under the action of the vacuum pump. When the vacuum degree of the material cavity reaches the set requirement, the hydraulic plunger continues to work. At this time, the main column rod stops moving downward, the vacuum sealing plate does not move, and the ejector rod continues to move downward, so that the pressure head at the lower end of the ejector rod extends into the vacuum-like material cavity (such as Figure 2The clay material in the cavity is squeezed out from the discharge port 16 and the honeycomb mold 17 on the mold sleeve assembly by using the pressure head. When the extruded clay strips are placed on the tray 18 of a set height (clay strip length), the cutter 19 on the segmented cutting mechanism quickly cuts the clay strips into individual clay segments (i.e. honeycomb ceramic blanks). The clay segments are then microwave dried and fired at high temperature to form honeycomb ceramic products. When all the clay material in the cavity is squeezed out, the hydraulic plunger continues to work, causing the ejector rod to drive the pressure head and vacuum sealing plate upward (upward process) and withdraw from the cavity to the position shown in FIG. Figure 1 When the solid line position (high position) is shown (in this upward process, oil is introduced from the upward oil inlet hole 14 and discharged from the downward oil inlet hole 30), the above method is repeated to extrude the next batch of mud materials, and the cycle is repeated to continuously extrude mud segments.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics: The present invention adopts four supporting columns to support the cavity beam plate, and four vertical columns to connect the cavity beam plate, the movable mold frame and the upper crossbeam to form a four-column honeycomb ceramic extruder. It not only enables the extruder to have a larger operating space, but also improves the structural rigidity and stable fixation of the extruder, thereby solving the problem of low structural stability of the traditional inclined cantilever ceramic extruder.

[0008] The present invention monitors the moving speed of the plunger in real time through a magnetostrictive displacement sensor, and automatically adjusts the flow and pressure of the servo oil pump and the proportional valve according to the data sent back by the displacement sensor to control the push rod in the hydraulic plunger, so that the downward moving speed of the pressure head on the push rod is kept constant, thereby ensuring that the compactness of the extruded mud strips is the same and the length of the cut mud segments is kept consistent (avoiding the shortening of mud segments extruded quickly and the lengthening of mud segments extruded slowly), thereby improving the external and internal quality of the product.

[0009] The present invention adds a vacuum sealing plate on the push rod that can move up and down with the push rod. By utilizing the sealing contact between the vacuum sealing plate and the upper end surface of the mold sleeve assembly and the movable seal between the vacuum sealing plate and the push rod, the material cavity 23 that has been added with clay and evacuated into a vacuum state is always kept in a vacuum state, so that the pressure head can always move up and down in the vacuum-state material cavity to extrude the clay material multiple times (the pressure head is always in the vacuum-state material cavity during extrusion). Even if there is wear between the sealing ring II on the pressure head and the wear-resistant layer in the main mold sleeve, outside air will not enter the material cavity. The clay will not enter the air during multiple extrusions, and the extruded green body will not crack or bulge during high-temperature firing, thereby improving the precision and quality of the extruded green body product.

[0010] 4. The cross section of the sealing ring II of the present invention is rectangular (square or oblong) and is preferably made of high-strength, high-wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant tetrafluoroethylene material, thereby increasing the service life of the sealing ring II 24 and the wear-resistant layer 15 in the mold sleeve assembly.

[0011] The present invention is a four-column honeycomb ceramic extruder with high precision, high pressure, high vacuum, constant extrusion speed, and an effective working time of the sealing ring of up to one week (about 50-60 hours in 7 working days). It can not only improve production efficiency and reduce production costs, but also improve product quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0013] In the figure, 1, hydraulic plunger 2, magnetostrictive displacement sensor 3, upper crossbeam 4, main column rod 5, column sleeve 6, movable mold frame 7, pressing sleeve 8, vacuum sealing plate 9, sealing ring I 10, pressure head 11, material cavity beam plate 12, vacuum hole 13, support column 14, upward oil inlet hole (downward oil outlet hole) 15, wear-resistant layer 16, discharge port 17, honeycomb hole mold 18, tray 19, cutter 20, main mold sleeve 21, locking nut 22, automatic feeding device 23, material cavity 24, sealing ring II 25, sealing ring III 26, ejector rod 27, bottom plate 28, mold sleeve assembly 29, column 30, downward oil inlet hole (upward oil outlet hole) 31, cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION In the figure, a high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruder includes a mainframe, an automatic feeding device 22, a segmented cutting mechanism, a hydraulic station, and an automatic control device. The segmented cutting mechanism includes a cutter 19, a tray 18, and a lifting cylinder (not shown in the figure). The mainframe includes an upper crossbeam 3, a cavity beam plate 11, and four columns 29 fixedly connected to the upper crossbeam and the cavity beam plate at the upper and lower ends respectively. The lower ends of the columns are connected to the cavity beam plate with locking nuts 21. The cavity beam plate 11 is set on the bottom plate 27 with four support columns 13 (located on the outside of the columns). A hydraulic plunger 1 is fixed on the upper crossbeam (the hydraulic plunger is a prior art, and the function of the hydraulic plunger is equivalent to a double-acting piston rod cylinder). , which can be ordered from the manufacturer or manufactured by yourself), the hydraulic plunger has an oil cylinder 31 and a main column rod 4 and a push rod 26 that can move up and down under the action of oil pressure. The push rod is movably arranged in the middle of the main column rod. The lower end of the main column rod is connected to the movable mold frame 6 through a flange and a screw. The movable mold frame can move up and down on the column through a column sleeve 5 (equivalent to a shaft sleeve). The lower end of the push rod movably passes through the movable mold frame and is fixedly provided with a pressure head 10 (fixedly connected with a flange and a screw). The lower end of the push rod is also movably connected to the vacuum sealing plate 8 by a sealing ring III 25 (the push rod can move up and down in the vacuum sealing plate in a sealed manner). The pressure head is provided with a sealing ring II 24 with a square cross-section and is preferably made of tetrafluoroethylene. A sealing ring Ⅰ9 is provided on the lower bottom surface of the vacuum sealing plate, and a pressure sleeve 7 is movably provided between the vacuum sealing plate and the movable mold frame (a gap is left between the pressure sleeve and the push rod), and a mold sleeve assembly 28 is fixedly provided on the material cavity beam plate, and the mold sleeve assembly includes a main mold sleeve 20, and a vacuum hole 12 (vacuum degree is -0.8-1MPa) connected to the vacuum pump is provided at the upper end of the main mold sleeve. Under the action of the downward movement of the main column rod, the vacuum sealing plate can move downward with the movable mold frame to achieve a tight seal with the upper end face of the mold sleeve assembly and form a vacuum in the material cavity 23 in the mold sleeve assembly. When the vacuum sealing plate is tightly sealed with the upper end face of the mold sleeve assembly to form a vacuum in the material cavity, the vacuum sealing plate stops moving downward. At this time, the push rod continues to move downward under the action of the oil cylinder 31, so that the pressure head contacts the wear-resistant layer 15 in the material cavity. The pressure head can be sealed into the material cavity and press the mud material in the material cavity out from the discharge port 16 at the lower end of the mold sleeve assembly and the honeycomb hole mold 17. The wear-resistant layer 15 inside the main mold sleeve is made of tungsten steel sheet with a thickness of 1.5-1 mm. When the extruded clay strips are placed on a tray 18 of a set height (strip length), the tray is connected to a lifting cylinder via a piston rod. The cutter 19 on the segmented cutting mechanism quickly cuts the clay strips into individual clay segments (i.e., honeycomb ceramic blanks). The clay segments are then microwave-dried and sintered at high temperature to form honeycomb ceramic products.

[0014] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Anything not mentioned, such as the PLC control and limit switch in the automatic control device, are all prior arts. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruder, comprising a main machine, an automatic feeding mechanism and a segmented cutting mechanism, a hydraulic station and an automatic control device, wherein the main machine comprises an upper crossbeam (3), a material cavity beam plate (11) and columns (29) fixedly connected to the upper crossbeam and the material cavity beam plate at upper and lower ends, respectively; a hydraulic plunger (1) is fixedly provided on the upper crossbeam, and the hydraulic plunger has a main column rod (4) and a push rod (26) that can move up and down, and is characterized by: The lower end of the main column is connected to the movable mold frame (6), the lower end of the push rod is movable through the movable mold frame and is fixedly provided with a pressure head (10), the lower end of the push rod is movably connected to the vacuum sealing plate (8) by a sealing ring III (25), a cylindrical sealing ring II (24) is provided on the pressure head, a sealing ring I (9) is provided on the lower bottom surface of the vacuum sealing plate, a pressing sleeve (7) is provided between the vacuum sealing plate and the push rod, a mold sleeve assembly (28) is fixedly provided on the material cavity beam plate, and a vacuum hole (12) connected to the vacuum pump is provided on the upper end of the mold sleeve assembly. Under the action of the downward movement of the main column, the vacuum sealing plate can move downward with the movable mold frame to achieve a close seal with the upper end surface of the mold sleeve assembly and form a vacuum in the material cavity (23) in the mold sleeve assembly. Under the action of the downward movement of the push rod, the pressure head can be sealed and extended into the cavity material and press the mud material in the material cavity out of the mold sleeve assembly.

2. The high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A magnetic position sensor (2) is provided in the oil cylinder (31) in the middle of the hydraulic plunger.

3. The high-precision constant-speed honeycomb ceramic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing ring II (24) has a square cross section and is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

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