Socket-jointed construction platform and method for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges

Abstract

The present invention discloses a socket-and-spigot construction platform and method for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges, and relates to the field of foundation construction technology. The socket-and-spigot construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges includes a cofferdam for enclosing and forming a dry construction environment. The cofferdam is composed of four groups of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates, and two adjacent groups of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates are connected and fixed by welding through corner plates. The present invention uses a cofferdam platform to enclose and form a dry construction environment, and in the process of assisting the casting and processing of precast concrete columns, through the mutual cooperation of the support assembly, the drive assembly and the water level transmission assembly, the supporting force inside the cofferdam can be adaptively adjusted according to the change of water level, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner supporting force, avoiding the cofferdam from bending and deforming inward due to the increase of external water pressure, or even causing the overall weld to crack, while avoiding the excessive inner supporting force of the cofferdam causing the cofferdam plate to be compressed and unstable, thereby facilitating the stable use of the cofferdam platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation construction, in particular to a socket construction platform and method for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges. Background Art

[0002] During the socket construction of precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges, the cofferdam platform is mainly used for underwater operations (such as shallow water areas, rivers, etc.). Its function is to form a dry construction environment through fencing and assist in the pouring and processing of precast concrete columns.

[0003] During the cofferdam operation, in order to prevent the cofferdam platform from tilting due to the influence of external water pressure and affecting the effect of the cofferdam, a support frame for assisting the cofferdam plate support is set on the inner side of the cofferdam. During the use of the support frame, the support effect of the support frame on the cofferdam platform cannot be flexibly adjusted and controlled according to the external water level. For example, when the water level outside the cofferdam is low, the external water pressure has a small force on the cofferdam. At this time, the supporting force of the cofferdam platform is too large, which will cause the cofferdam plate to be compressed and unstable, and the cofferdam plate support will bend outward or even overload and break. When the water level outside the cofferdam is high, the external water pressure has an increased force on the cofferdam. At this time, the supporting force of the cofferdam platform is too small. Under the action of external water pressure, the cofferdam plate will bend inward and deform, and even the overall weld will crack, causing a water leakage accident. For this reason, we propose a socket construction platform and method for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a socket construction platform and method for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a socket-and-socket construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams of a bridge, comprising a cofferdam for forming a dry construction environment, the cofferdam being composed of four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates, wherein two adjacent sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates are connected and fixed by welding via corner plates, and the four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates are arranged in a rectangular shape after being connected, and support plates for supporting the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates are fixed on the inner sides of the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates, and further comprising:

[0006] Support assemblies, wherein four groups of support assemblies are provided and evenly distributed at the corners inside the cofferdam, and the support assemblies are used to squeeze and support two adjacent groups of support plates;

[0007] A driving assembly, provided on the supporting assembly, for driving the supporting assembly during use;

[0008] Water level transmission assembly, the water level transmission assembly is provided with four groups and is evenly distributed at the corners outside the cofferdam, and the water level transmission assembly and the support assembly are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The water level transmission assembly is used to control the transmission of the support assembly according to the water level around the cofferdam.

[0009] Preferably, the support assembly includes a U-shaped frame, a mounting assembly for auxiliary mounting and connection is provided between the U-shaped frame and the corner plate, two sets of mounting plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the U-shaped frame, the mounting plates are connected to push plates through elastic components, the two sets of push plates are connected to the two connected support plates through connecting components, and a pushing component is provided on the U-shaped frame for pushing the two sets of mounting plates;

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, a thrust is generated on the support plate, and the thrust on the support plate forms support for the inner side of the cofferdam.

[0011] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes a double-threaded tube rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame, and the threads at both ends of the double-threaded tube are arranged in opposite directions, and the two ends of the double-threaded tube are threadedly engaged with threaded rods, and one end of the two groups of threaded rods is respectively connected and fixed to the two groups of mounting plates;

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the two sets of mounting plates are driven to move toward or away from the double-threaded pipe under force.

[0013] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a gear ring fixed to the outside of the double-headed threaded tube, and a rack is provided on the U-shaped frame, and the gear ring and the rack are meshed with each other;

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the double-headed threaded pipe can be rotated.

[0015] Preferably, the water level transmission assembly includes a T-shaped platform arranged above the cofferdam, two sets of transmission rods are slidably connected to the U-shaped frame, and the two ends of the two sets of transmission rods are respectively fixed to the rack and the T-shaped platform. The T-shaped platform is connected to a float for floating on the water surface through a lifting assembly, and the float is located outside the cofferdam;

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the water level outside the cofferdam changes, the double-headed threaded pipe is rotated through transmission, and the rotation of the double-headed threaded pipe pushes the two sets of mounting plates to move toward or away from the double-headed threaded pipe. The movement of the mounting plate adjusts the elastic force of the elastic component on the push plate.

[0017] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a threaded sleeve fixed on the T-shaped stage, the threaded sleeve is threadedly engaged with a screw rod, and the float is fixed to the lower end of the screw rod;

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the float at one end of the screw rod is driven to rise and fall, and the float is made to float on the water surface outside the cofferdam by raising and lowering the float.

[0019] Preferably, the elastic component includes a plurality of sleeves fixed on the mounting plate, a slide rod is slidably connected to the sleeve, one end of the slide rod is fixed to one side of the push plate, a spring is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve, and the two ends of the spring are respectively arranged to abut against the mounting plate and the push plate;

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the telescopic guide between the auxiliary mounting plate and the push plate is facilitated, and the push plate can be pushed elastically after the contraction movement through the spring, and the smaller the contracted distance between the mounting plate and the push plate, the greater the elastic force of the spring.

[0021] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes an inclined plate fixed on the support plate, the inclined plate is provided with a plurality of through-holes, and the push plate is fixed with pins for connecting with the through-holes;

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the installation connection between the push plate and the inclined plate is completed.

[0023] Preferably, the mounting assembly includes a plurality of sockets provided on the corner plate, and mounting pins for being inserted and mounted with the sockets are fixed on the U-shaped frame;

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the quick installation and disassembly between the auxiliary U-shaped frame and the corner plate is facilitated.

[0025] Preferably, the method for constructing a socket-and-spigot construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams of a bridge comprises the following steps:

[0026] S1: A dry construction environment is created by enclosing the cofferdam platform to assist in the casting of precast concrete columns. The entire cofferdam is inserted and fixed at the designated construction location. After insertion and fixation, the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out through external pumping equipment to create a dry construction environment inside the cofferdam.

[0027] S2: After the cofferdam is installed and the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out, the U-shaped frames on each set of support components are installed and connected to each set of corner plates through the installation components;

[0028] S3: After the U-shaped frame is installed and connected, the groups of pins on the push plate are respectively inserted and fixed into the through holes of the inclined plate through the elastic component, completing the installation and connection between the push plate and the inclined plate;

[0029] S4: After the push plate and the inclined plate are installed and connected, the installation plate is moved toward the push plate through transmission to retract. During the retraction process, the elastic component generates a greater elastic force. Under the action of the elastic force and the connection between the push plate, the inclined plate and the support plate, better support is formed on the inner side of the cofferdam, ensuring the effect of initial support;

[0030] S5: After the initial support force adjustment on the inner side of the cofferdam is completed, the screw is rotated. During the rotation process, the mutual engagement between the screw and the threaded sleeve drives the float at one end of the screw to rise and fall. By raising and lowering the float, the float floats on the water surface outside the cofferdam;

[0031] S6: When the water level outside the cofferdam rises, the spring on the elastic component is further compressed and deformed through transmission, increasing the support of the elastic component on the inner side of the cofferdam. When the water level outside the cofferdam rises, the support force on the inner side of the cofferdam is simultaneously increased, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner support force, and preventing the cofferdam from bending inward due to the increase in external water pressure, or even causing cracks in the overall weld;

[0032] S7: When the water level outside the cofferdam drops, the amount of compression and deformation of the spring on the elastic component is reduced through transmission, further reducing the support of the elastic component to the inner side of the cofferdam. When the water level outside the cofferdam drops, the support force on the inner side of the cofferdam is reduced simultaneously, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner support force, and avoiding excessive support force inside the cofferdam, which may cause the cofferdam plate to be compressed and unstable, and cause the cofferdam plate support to bend outward or even break due to overload.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The present invention uses a cofferdam platform enclosure to form a dry construction environment, and assists in the casting and processing of precast concrete columns. Through the mutual cooperation of the support assembly, the drive assembly and the water level transmission assembly, the supporting force inside the cofferdam can be adaptively adjusted according to the change of the water level, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the internal supporting force, avoiding the cofferdam from bending inward and deforming due to the increase of external water pressure, and even causing the overall weld to crack. At the same time, it avoids excessive internal supporting force of the cofferdam causing the cofferdam plate to be compressed and unstable, thereby facilitating the stable use of the cofferdam platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steel sheet pile cofferdam plate and the corner plate after being welded together;

[0037] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the support plate and the steel sheet pile cofferdam plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection assembly structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the support assembly and the drive assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the water level transmission assembly and the lifting assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the state when the support assembly of the present invention supports two groups of support plates;

[0043] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the transmission status of the transmission assembly corresponding to different water levels of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 101-steel sheet pile cofferdam plate; 102-corner plate; 103-support plate; 201-U-shaped frame; 202-mounting plate; 203-push plate; 301-sleeve; 302-slide rod; 303-spring; 401-socket; 402-mounting pin; 501-double-headed threaded pipe; 502-threaded rod; 601-gear ring; 602-rack; 701-T-type table; 702-transmission rod; 703-float; 801-threaded sleeve; 802-screw rod; 901-inclined plate; 902-through hole; 903-pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1, please refer to Figures 1-9 The illustrated bridge precast concrete columns and cap beam socket construction platform include a cofferdam for forming a dry construction environment. The cofferdam is composed of four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101. Two adjacent sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 are connected and fixed by welding through corner plates 102. The four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 are arranged in a rectangular shape after being connected. A support plate 103 for supporting the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 is fixed on the inner side of the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101.

[0047] It should be noted here that: a dry construction environment is formed by enclosing the cofferdam platform to assist in the casting of precast concrete columns. In the process, two adjacent sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 are connected and fixed by welding through corner plates 102. The four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 are welded and connected to form a rectangular shape. After the welding is completed, the support plate 103 is installed and fixed inside the steel sheet pile cofferdam plate 101 for subsequent auxiliary support. After the support plate 103 is installed and fixed, the entire cofferdam is inserted and fixed at the designated construction position. After the insertion and fixation, the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out by external pumping equipment to form a dry construction environment inside the cofferdam.

[0048] It is worth noting that the welding between the steel sheet pile cofferdam plate 101 and the corner plate 102, the insertion and fixing of the cofferdam, and the pumping of water from the inside of the cofferdam are conventional technical means in the technical field of this application, and their working principles and operating methods are not described in detail here.

[0049] Also includes:

[0050] Support components, there are four groups of support components and they are evenly distributed at the corners inside the cofferdam. The support components are used to squeeze and support two adjacent groups of support plates 103;

[0051] A driving assembly, provided on the supporting assembly, for driving the supporting assembly during use;

[0052] Water level transmission assembly, there are four water level transmission assemblies and they are evenly distributed at the corners outside the cofferdam. The water level transmission assemblies are set in a one-to-one correspondence with the support assemblies. The water level transmission assembly is used to control the transmission of the support assemblies according to the water level around the cofferdam;

[0053] What needs to be explained here is that: in the process of using the cofferdam platform enclosure to form a dry construction environment and assisting the casting and processing of precast concrete columns, the support force inside the cofferdam can be adaptively adjusted according to the change of water level through the mutual cooperation of the support assembly, drive assembly and water level transmission assembly, thereby reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the internal support force, avoiding the cofferdam from bending inward due to the increase of external water pressure and even causing the overall weld to crack, and avoiding excessive support force inside the cofferdam, which may cause the cofferdam plate to be compressed and unstable, thereby facilitating the stable use of the cofferdam platform.

[0054] Preferably, the support assembly includes a U-shaped frame 201, and an installation assembly for auxiliary installation and connection is provided between the U-shaped frame 201 and the corner plate 102. Two sets of mounting plates 202 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the U-shaped frame 201. The mounting plates 202 are connected to push plates 203 through elastic components. The two sets of push plates 203 are connected to the two connected sets of support plates 103 through connecting components. A pushing assembly for pushing the two sets of mounting plates 202 is provided on the U-shaped frame 201.

[0055] It should be noted here that: after the push plate 203 and the inclined plate 901 are installed and connected, the elastic force of the elastic component on the push plate 203 and the installation connection between the push plate 203 and the inclined plate 901 generate a thrust on the support plate 103, and through the thrust on the support plate 103, support is formed on the inner side of the cofferdam.

[0056] Preferably, the pushing assembly includes a double-ended threaded tube 501 rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 201, wherein the threads at both ends of the double-ended threaded tube 501 are arranged in opposite directions, and the two ends of the double-ended threaded tube 501 are threadedly engaged with threaded rods 502, and one end of the two sets of threaded rods 502 is respectively connected and fixed to the two sets of mounting plates 202;

[0057] It should be noted here that: after the push plate 203 is installed and connected with the inclined plate 901, the double-headed threaded tube 501 is rotated. Since the threads at both ends of the double-headed threaded tube 501 are set in opposite directions, during the rotation of the double-headed threaded tube 501, the two sets of threaded rods 502 are respectively engaged with the two ends of the double-headed threaded tube 501, driving the two sets of mounting plates 202 to move toward or away from the double-headed threaded tube 501.

[0058] Preferably, the driving assembly includes a gear ring 601 fixed to the outside of the double-ended threaded tube 501, and a rack 602 is provided on the U-shaped frame 201, and the gear ring 601 and the rack 602 are meshed with each other;

[0059] It should be noted that the double-threaded tube 501 is rotated by the mutual meshing transmission between the rack 602 and the ring gear 601 .

[0060] Preferably, the water level transmission assembly includes a T-shaped platform 701 disposed above the cofferdam, two sets of transmission rods 702 are slidably connected to the U-shaped frame 201, and the two ends of the two sets of transmission rods 702 are respectively fixed to the rack 602 and the T-shaped platform 701. The T-shaped platform 701 is connected to a floating ball 703 for floating on the water surface through a lifting assembly, and the floating ball 703 is located outside the cofferdam;

[0061] It should be noted here that: when the water level outside the cofferdam changes, the buoyancy of the water outside the cofferdam and the float 703 pushes the float 703 to rise and fall. During the rising and falling movement of the float 703, the connection between the screw rod 802 and the threaded sleeve 801 drives the T-type stage 701 and the transmission rod 702 to move synchronously. The movement of the transmission rod 702 drives the rack 602 to rise and fall. During the rising and falling movement of the rack 602, the mutual engagement transmission between the rack 602 and the gear ring 601 causes the double-headed threaded tube 501 to rotate. Through the rotation of the double-headed threaded tube 501, the two sets of mounting plates 202 are pushed toward or away from the double-headed threaded tube 501. Through the movement of the mounting plate 202, the elastic force of the elastic component on the push plate 203 is adjusted.

[0062] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a threaded sleeve 801 fixed on the T-shaped stage 701, a screw rod 802 is threadedly engaged on the threaded sleeve 801, and a float 703 is fixed to the lower end of the screw rod 802;

[0063] It should be noted here that: when the screw rod 802 is rotated, the mutual engagement transmission between the screw rod 802 and the threaded sleeve 801 drives the float 703 at one end of the screw rod 802 to rise and fall, and the float 703 is made to float on the water surface outside the cofferdam by raising and lowering the float 703.

[0064] Preferably, the elastic component includes multiple sets of sleeves 301 fixed on the mounting plate 202, with a slide rod 302 slidably connected to the sleeve 301, one end of the slide rod 302 is fixed to one side of the push plate 203, and a spring 303 is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve 301, with the two ends of the spring 303 respectively abutting against the mounting plate 202 and the push plate 203;

[0065] It should be noted here that: the sleeve 301 and the slide rod 302 are used to assist the telescopic guidance between the mounting plate 202 and the push plate 203, and the spring 303 is used to facilitate the elastic push of the push plate 203 after the contraction movement, and the smaller the contracted distance between the mounting plate 202 and the push plate 203, the greater the elastic force of the spring 303.

[0066] Example 2, please refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 This embodiment further illustrates the first embodiment. The connecting assembly shown in the figure includes an inclined plate 901 fixed to the support plate 103. The inclined plate 901 is provided with a plurality of through-holes 902. The push plate 203 is fixed with a latch 903 for connecting with the through-holes 902.

[0067] It should be noted here that: first, the push plate 203 is retracted and pushed toward the mounting plate 202, so that the elastic component generates elastic force, and by retracting and pushing the two groups of push plates 203, the two groups of push plates 203 can be located between the inclined plates 901 of the two groups of support plates 103, and the elastic pushing effect of the elastic component on the push plates 203 causes the two groups of push plates 203 to move toward the inclined plates 901 of the two groups of support plates 103 and offset each other. In the process of movement and offsetting, the groups of pins 903 on the push plates 203 are respectively inserted and fixed on the through holes 902 of the inclined plates 901, thereby completing the installation connection between the push plates 203 and the inclined plates 901.

[0068] Preferably, the mounting assembly includes a plurality of sockets 401 provided on the corner plate 102, and mounting pins 402 for being inserted and mounted with the sockets 401 are fixed on the U-shaped frame 201;

[0069] It should be noted here that: the installation pin 402 is inserted and installed on the socket 401 to complete the installation connection between the U-shaped frame 201 and the corner plate 102. Through the interaction between the installation pin 402 and the socket 401, the quick installation and disassembly between the auxiliary U-shaped frame 201 and the corner plate 102 is facilitated.

[0070] In this scheme: The construction method of the socket construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges includes the following steps:

[0071] S1: A dry construction environment is formed by enclosing the cofferdam platform to assist in the casting of precast concrete columns. During the process, two adjacent sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 are connected and fixed by welding through corner plates 102. The four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 are welded and connected to form a rectangular shape. After welding, the support plates 103 are installed and fixed inside the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates 101 for subsequent auxiliary support. After the support plates 103 are installed and fixed, the entire cofferdam is inserted and fixed at the designated construction position. After insertion and fixation, the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out by external pumping equipment to form a dry construction environment inside the cofferdam.

[0072] S2: After the cofferdam is installed and the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out, the U-shaped frames 201 on each set of support assemblies are installed and connected to each set of corner plates 102 using the installation assembly. During the installation and connection process, the push plates 203 on both sides of the U-shaped frame 201 are squeezed and contracted toward the two sets of installation plates 202 under the telescopic connection action of the elastic assembly. By squeezing and contracting the two sets of push plates 203, the U-shaped frame 201 is installed and connected to the corner plates 102, and the push plates 203 on both sides of the U-shaped frame 201 are located between the inclined plates 901 of the two sets of support plates 103.

[0073] S3: After the U-shaped frame 201 is installed and connected, the elastic force of the elastic component pushes the push plate 203, so that the two sets of push plates 203 move toward the inclined plates 901 of the two sets of support plates 103 and offset each other. During the movement and offset process, the groups of latches 903 on the push plates 203 are respectively inserted and fixed on the through holes 902 of the inclined plates 901, completing the installation and connection between the push plates 203 and the inclined plates 901 (see Figure 8 ), after installation and connection, the elastic force of the elastic component on the push plate 203 and the installation and connection between the push plate 203 and the inclined plate 901 generate a thrust on the support plate 103, and the thrust on the support plate 103 forms support for the inner side of the cofferdam;

[0074] S4: After the push plate 203 is installed and connected with the inclined plate 901, the double-headed threaded tube 501 is rotated. Since the threads at both ends of the double-headed threaded tube 501 are set in opposite directions, during the rotation of the double-headed threaded tube 501, the two sets of threaded rods 502 are respectively engaged with the two ends of the double-headed threaded tube 501 to drive the two sets of mounting plates 202 to move away from the double-headed threaded tube 501. Since the push plate 203 and the inclined plate 901 are kept in abutment connection, during the movement of the mounting plate 202, the mounting plate 202 is moved toward the push plate 203 for contraction. During the contraction movement, the elastic component generates a greater elastic force. Under the action of the elastic force and the connection between the push plate 203, the inclined plate 901 and the support plate 103, better support is formed on the inner side of the cofferdam, ensuring the effect of preliminary support.

[0075] S5: After the initial support force adjustment of the inner side of the cofferdam is completed, the screw rod 802 is rotated. During the rotation process, the screw rod 802 and the threaded sleeve 801 are engaged with each other, driving the float 703 at one end of the screw rod 802 to rise and fall. By raising and lowering the float 703, the float 703 floats on the water surface outside the cofferdam;

[0076] S6: When the water level outside the cofferdam rises, the external water pressure increases the thrust on the cofferdam. The buoyancy of the water outside the cofferdam and the float 703 pushes the float 703 to rise. During the upward movement of the float 703, the connection between the screw rod 802 and the threaded sleeve 801 drives the T-type stage 701 and the transmission rod 702 to move synchronously. The movement of the transmission rod 702 drives the rack 602 to move upward. During the upward movement of the rack 602 (see Figure 9 ), the double-threaded tube 501 is rotated through the mutual meshing transmission of the rack 602 and the gear ring 601. The rotation of the double-threaded tube 501 pushes the two sets of mounting plates 202 to move further away from the double-threaded tube 501. The further movement of the mounting plates 202 further compresses and deforms the spring 303 on the elastic component, thereby increasing the support of the elastic component on the inner side of the cofferdam. When the water level outside the cofferdam rises, the support force on the inner side of the cofferdam is simultaneously increased, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner support force, thereby preventing the cofferdam from bending inward due to the increase in external water pressure, or even causing cracking of the overall weld.

[0077] S7: When the water level outside the cofferdam drops, the thrust of the external water pressure on the cofferdam decreases, and the float 703 is caused to drop by the buoyancy of the water outside the cofferdam and the float 703 and the gravity of the float 703 itself. During the downward movement of the float 703, the two sets of mounting plates 202 are moved toward the double-headed threaded tube 501 through reverse transmission. The movement of the mounting plates 202 reduces the amount of compression and deformation of the spring 303 on the elastic component, further reducing the support of the elastic component on the inner side of the cofferdam. After the water level outside the cofferdam drops, the support force on the inner side of the cofferdam is reduced simultaneously, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner support force, and avoiding the cofferdam plate from being compressed and unstable due to excessive support force inside the cofferdam, causing the cofferdam plate support to bend outward or even break due to overload.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0079] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Socket-and-socket construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams of bridges, including: A cofferdam for forming a dry construction environment by enclosing, the cofferdam comprising four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates (101), two adjacent sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates (101) being connected and fixed by welding via corner plates (102), and the four sets of steel sheet pile cofferdam plates (101) being arranged in a rectangular shape after being connected, and a support plate (103) for supporting the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates (101) being fixed on the inner side of the steel sheet pile cofferdam plates (101); It is characterized by further comprising: Support assemblies, wherein four groups of support assemblies are provided and evenly distributed at the corners inside the cofferdam, and the support assemblies are used to squeeze and support two adjacent groups of support plates (103); A driving assembly, provided on the supporting assembly, for driving the supporting assembly during use; Water level transmission components, there are four groups of water level transmission components and they are evenly distributed at the corners outside the cofferdam. The water level transmission components are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the support components. The water level transmission components are used to control the transmission of the support components according to the water level around the cofferdam; The support assembly comprises a U-shaped frame (201), two groups of mounting plates (202) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the U-shaped frame (201), and a pushing assembly for pushing the two groups of mounting plates (202) is provided on the U-shaped frame (201); The pushing assembly comprises a double-ended threaded tube (501) rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame (201), and both ends of the double-ended threaded tube (501) are threadedly engaged with threaded rods (502); The driving assembly comprises a gear ring (601) fixed to the outside of the double-headed threaded tube (501), and a rack (602) is provided on the U-shaped frame (201); The water level transmission assembly comprises a T-shaped platform (701) arranged above the cofferdam, and a floating ball (703) for floating on the water surface is connected to the T-shaped platform (701) via a lifting assembly; A mounting assembly for assisting the mounting connection is provided between the U-shaped frame (201) and the corner plate (102); the mounting plate (202) is connected to a push plate (203) via an elastic assembly; and two groups of the push plates (203) are connected to two groups of supporting plates (103) via a connecting assembly. The threads at both ends of the double-headed threaded tube (501) are arranged in opposite directions, and one end of the two groups of threaded rods (502) is respectively connected and fixed to the two groups of mounting plates (202); The gear ring (601) and the rack (602) are meshed with each other; Two sets of transmission rods (702) are slidably connected to the U-shaped frame (201), and the two ends of the two sets of transmission rods (702) are respectively fixed to the rack (602) and the T-shaped stage (701), and the floating ball (703) is located outside the cofferdam; The lifting assembly comprises a threaded sleeve (801) fixed on the T-shaped stage (701), a screw rod (802) is threadedly engaged on the threaded sleeve (801), and the float (703) is fixed to the lower end of the screw rod (802); The elastic component includes a plurality of sleeves (301) fixed on the mounting plate (202), a slide rod (302) is slidably connected to the sleeve (301), one end of the slide rod (302) is fixed to one side of the push plate (203), a spring (303) is sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve (301), and two ends of the spring (303) are respectively arranged to abut against the mounting plate (202) and the push plate (203); The connecting assembly comprises an inclined plate (901) fixed on the support plate (103), a plurality of through-holes (902) are provided on the inclined plate (901), and a latch (903) for connecting with the through-holes (902) is fixed on the push plate (203); The installation assembly comprises a plurality of groups of sockets (401) provided on the corner plate (102), and mounting pins (402) for being inserted and installed with the sockets (401) are fixed on the U-shaped frame (201).

2. A construction method for a socket-and-spigot construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams for bridges, which refers to the socket-and-spigot construction platform for precast concrete columns and cap beams for bridges as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: A dry construction environment is created by enclosing the cofferdam platform to assist in the casting of precast concrete columns. The entire cofferdam is inserted and fixed at the designated construction location. After insertion and fixation, the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out through external pumping equipment to create a dry construction environment inside the cofferdam. S2: After the cofferdam is installed and the water inside the cofferdam is pumped out, the U-shaped frames (201) on each set of support components are installed and connected to each set of corner plates (102) through the installation components; S3: After the U-shaped frame (201) is installed and connected, the groups of latches (903) on the push plate (203) are respectively inserted and fixed on the through holes (902) of the inclined plate (901) through the elastic component, completing the installation connection between the push plate (203) and the inclined plate (901); S4: After the push plate (203) and the inclined plate (901) are installed and connected, the installation plate (202) is moved toward the push plate (203) through transmission, and during the contraction movement, the elastic component generates a greater elastic force. Under the action of the elastic force and the connection between the push plate (203), the inclined plate (901) and the support plate (103), a better support is formed on the inner side of the cofferdam, ensuring the effect of preliminary support; S5: After the initial support force adjustment of the inner side of the cofferdam is completed, the screw rod (802) is rotated. During the rotation process, the mutual engagement transmission between the screw rod (802) and the threaded sleeve (801) drives the float (703) at one end of the screw rod (802) to rise and fall. By raising and lowering the float (703), the float (703) floats on the water surface outside the cofferdam; S6: When the water level outside the cofferdam rises, the spring (303) on the elastic component is further compressed and deformed by the transmission, thereby increasing the support of the elastic component on the inner side of the cofferdam. When the water level outside the cofferdam rises, the support force on the inner side of the cofferdam is simultaneously increased, thereby reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner support force, thereby preventing the cofferdam from bending inward due to the increase in external water pressure and even causing cracks in the overall weld. S7: When the water level outside the cofferdam is lowered, the amount of compression and deformation of the spring (303) on the elastic component is reduced through transmission, further reducing the support of the elastic component on the inner side of the cofferdam. After the water level outside the cofferdam is lowered, the support force on the inner side of the cofferdam is simultaneously reduced, reducing the deviation between the external water pressure and the inner support force, and avoiding the cofferdam plate from being compressed and unstable due to excessive support force inside the cofferdam, causing the cofferdam plate support to bend outward or even break due to overload.

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