Variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearing and wind driven generator

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing and a wind driven generator, the variable reluctance power generation system based on the wind power spherical roller bearing comprises a bearing and a power generation assembly, the bearing comprises an inner ring, an outer ring and a rolling body, the inner ring is arranged in the outer ring in a sleeved mode, and the inner ring can rotate relative to the outer ring in the radial direction of the outer ring; the rolling body is rotatably arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, the power generation assembly comprises a mounting ring and a power generator, the mounting ring is detachably arranged on the outer ring and connected with the outer ring, the power generator is arranged on the outer ring, the power generator and the rolling body are oppositely arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the outer ring, and the power generator can generate a magnetic field and is matched with the rolling body so that when the rolling body rotates, the magnetic field can be generated; the rolling body drives the generator to generate a variable reluctance effect so as to generate an induction electric signal. The variable reluctance power generation system based on the wind power spherical roller bearing has the advantages of being simple in structure, accurate in detection result and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of bearings, and in particular to a variable reluctance power generation system and a wind turbine generator based on a wind power spherical roller bearing. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of wind turbines, spherical roller bearings bear the crucial task of supporting the rotor weight and transmitting torque. However, due to the long-term complex and variable loads and harsh environmental conditions they endure, bearings often experience various failure modes, primarily including inner ring failure, outer ring failure, and roller failure. These failures not only affect wind turbine operating efficiency but can also lead to serious safety incidents.

[0003] In the related art, the wind turbine fault diagnosis and detection results are inaccurate and easily interfered with. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention is based on the inventor's discovery and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0005] In related technologies, wind turbine fault diagnosis methods primarily rely on vibration signal analysis. These methods measure the vibration signals generated by rotating bearings and combine them with time-domain analysis, frequency-domain analysis, and envelope demodulation techniques to extract fault characteristics and perform diagnosis. While these methods can effectively identify bearing faults to a certain extent, they still have limitations in detecting early, weak fault signals and diagnosing faults under complex operating conditions. Furthermore, vibration signal analysis is susceptible to interference from environmental noise and other non-fault factors, which can affect diagnostic accuracy.

[0006] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing, which has a simple structure and accurate detection results.

[0007] The embodiments of the present invention provide a wind turbine with a simple structure and a long service life.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing includes: a bearing, wherein the bearing includes an inner ring, an outer ring and a rolling body, the inner ring is sleeved in the outer ring and the inner ring is rotatable radially around the outer ring relative to the outer ring, and the rolling body is rotatably arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring; a power generation component, wherein the power generation component includes a mounting ring and a generator, the mounting ring is detachably arranged on the outer ring and connected to the outer ring, the generator is arranged on the outer ring and is arranged relative to the generator and the rolling body along the axial interval of the outer ring, the generator can generate a magnetic field and cooperate with the rolling body, so that when the rolling body rotates, the rolling body drives the generator to generate a variable reluctance effect to generate an induced electrical signal.

[0009] The variable reluctance power generation system based on the wind power spherical roller bearing of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a bearing and a power generation component. When the bearing rotates at high speed, the charge generated by the generator can be used to output a stable electrical signal. By monitoring the changes in these electrical signals, real-time monitoring of the bearing operating status and fault diagnosis can be achieved. The diagnostic results are accurate and not easily affected by external environmental interference.

[0010] In some embodiments, a plurality of magnets are provided on a side of the mounting ring facing the bearing, and the plurality of magnets are spaced apart along the axial direction of the mounting ring so that the mounting ring is adsorbed on the outer ring through the magnets.

[0011] In some embodiments, there are multiple rolling bodies and multiple generators, multiple rolling bodies are spaced between the inner ring and the outer ring, multiple generators are spaced around the circumference of the mounting ring on the mounting ring, and multiple generators and multiple rolling bodies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the axial direction of the outer ring.

[0012] In some embodiments, the mounting ring includes a first ring and a second ring connected to each other along its radial extension, the first ring is arranged in the second ring and the first ring and the rolling body are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the mounting ring, the generator is arranged on the first ring, and a positioning portion is provided on the end of the second ring away from the first ring, and the positioning portion is against the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring.

[0013] In some embodiments, in a projection plane orthogonal to the radial direction of the outer ring, the rolling body is drum-shaped and the side of the rolling body facing the mounting ring is a first surface, the extension direction of the first surface intersects with the radial direction of the outer ring to form a first angle, the side of the generator facing the rolling body is a second surface, the extension direction of the second surface intersects with the radial direction of the outer ring to form a second angle, and the second angle is equal to the first angle.

[0014] In some embodiments, the distance between the first surface and the second surface is not less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the power generation component includes a first power generation component and a second power generation component, the first power generation component and the second power generation component are arranged relative to each other along the axial direction of the outer ring, and the bearing is arranged between the first power generation component and the second power generation component. The first power generation component and the second power generation component can both generate a magnetic field and cooperate with the rolling body so that when the rolling body rotates, the rolling body drives the first power generation component and the second power generation component to generate a variable reluctance effect to generate an induced electrical signal.

[0016] In some embodiments, the mounting ring is provided with a mounting hole that passes through the mounting ring along the axial direction of the mounting ring, and the generator is provided with a mounting shaft that passes through the mounting hole and is connected to a fastener so that the generator is mounted on the mounting ring.

[0017] In some embodiments, the variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings also includes a detection component, which is electrically connected to the power generation component. The detection component is used to receive the electrical signal generated by the power generation component so that the detection component can detect the operating condition of the bearing through the electrical signal generated by the power generation component.

[0018] The wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing, wherein the variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing is the variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0019] The system uses a wind turbine spherical roller bearing as its main structure. It can output the charge generated by the variable reluctance effect between the variable reluctance generator and the roller and the roller gap when the bearing rotates as an electrical signal. It has the characteristics of simple structure and stable electrical signal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle A.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first angle, the second angle and the third angle of the variable reluctance power generation system based on the wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is an exploded diagram of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a generator of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power generation component of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of a power generation component of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a frequency domain diagram of the voltage of a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a CRSE model for constructing a variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] 100. Variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings; 1. Bearing; 11. Inner ring; 12. Outer ring; 13. Rolling element; 2. Power generation assembly; 21. Mounting ring; 211. First ring; 212. Second ring; 213. Positioning portion; 214. Mounting hole; 22. Generator; 23. Magnet; 24. Mounting shaft; 25. Fastener. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] The following describes a variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1-8 As shown, a variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bearing 1 and a power generation component 2 .

[0034] The bearing 1 includes an inner ring 11, an outer ring 12 and rolling elements 13. The inner ring 11 is sleeved inside the outer ring 12 and is rotatable relative to the outer ring 12 in the radial direction of the outer ring 12. The rolling elements 13 are rotatably arranged between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12. Specifically, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the bearing 1 is made of metal, and the inner ring 11 , the outer ring 12 and the rolling elements 13 are made of carbon steel, so that the bearing 1 can bear the load.

[0035] The power generation assembly 2 includes a mounting ring 21 and a generator 22. The mounting ring 21 is detachably mounted on the outer ring 12 and connected to the outer ring 12. The generator 22 is mounted on the outer ring 12 and is spaced axially from the generator 22 and the rolling element 13 along the outer ring 12 (e.g., Figure 2The generator 22 can generate a magnetic field and cooperate with the rolling element 13 so that when the rolling element 13 rotates, the rolling element 13 drives the generator 22 to generate a variable reluctance effect to generate an induced electrical signal. Figure 1 — Figure 5 As shown, the mounting ring 21 is a nylon end cover. The mounting ring 21 is detachably mounted on the lower end surface of the outer ring 12 and is connected to the outer ring 12. The generator 22 is fixedly mounted on the mounting ring 21 and is spaced relative to the rolling element 13 in the vertical direction. As the bearing 1 rotates, the rolling element 13 rotates periodically, causing the generator 22 to generate a magnetic field, generate a variable reluctance effect, and then generate an induced electrical signal, realizing electromechanical energy conversion.

[0036] The variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind power spherical roller bearing in an embodiment of the present invention is provided with a bearing 1 and a power generation assembly 2. When the bearing 1 rotates, the charge generated by the variable reluctance effect between the generator 22 and the rotating part and the gap between the rotating parts is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, thereby outputting a stable electrical signal. By monitoring the changes in these electrical signals, real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the operating status of the bearing 1 can be achieved. Compared with the traditional vibration signal analysis method, the system has the advantages of simple structure, stable electrical signals, and strong anti-interference ability.

[0037] In some embodiments, a plurality of magnets 23 are provided on the side of the mounting ring 21 facing the bearing 1, and the plurality of magnets 23 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the mounting ring 21, so that the mounting ring 21 is adsorbed on the outer ring 12 through the magnets 23. Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the upper end surface of the mounting ring 21 is provided with a plurality of grooves, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting ring 21. A magnet 23 is provided in each mounting groove, so that the mounting ring 21 is adsorbed on the lower end surface of the outer ring 12 through the magnet 23.

[0038] It is worth noting that the magnetic field strength of the magnet 23 in the mounting ring 21 is much smaller than the magnetic field strength of the generator 22 , so the influence on the generator 22 is negligible.

[0039] In some embodiments, there are multiple rolling elements 13 and multiple generators 22, multiple rolling elements 13 are arranged between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12 at intervals, multiple generators 22 are arranged on the mounting ring 21 at intervals around the circumference of the mounting ring 21, and the multiple generators 22 and the multiple rolling elements 13 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the axial direction of the outer ring 12. Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, the number of rolling elements 13 and generators 22 is equal, and the multiple rolling elements 13 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple generators 22 in the vertical direction. Since the output voltage of the generator 22 depends on the rate of change of magnetic resistance (dΦ / dt), which is closely related to the rotor position of the generator 22, when multiple generators 22 are connected in series, if the multiple generators 22 and the multiple rolling elements 13 are not aligned in the vertical direction (in other words, the multiple generators 22 and the multiple rolling elements 13 are out of phase), when one generator 22 is at a voltage peak, another generator 22 may be at a voltage valley, causing the output voltages of the two generators 22 to cancel each other out, reducing the total output power. Therefore, when the multiple generators 22 and the multiple rolling elements 13 are aligned in the vertical direction (in other words, phase alignment ensures that the voltage peaks of each generator 22 are superimposed), the overall output voltage and power are improved. Furthermore, the energy conversion of the generator 22 depends on the periodic variation of the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit. If the phases are misaligned, some generators 22 will contribute less energy when the magnetic resistance is maximum (dΦ / dt is minimum), reducing system efficiency. Synchronous phase ensures that all generators 22 operate in concert with the same rotor position, maximizing energy extraction. Secondly, if the phases are misaligned, the peak electromagnetic forces (torques) of the generators 22 will be offset, exacerbating torque fluctuations and potentially causing mechanical vibration, noise, and even structural fatigue. Phase alignment compensates for torque ripples, ensuring smoother system operation. Finally, phase alignment simplifies the design of rectification, filtering, and voltage regulation circuits.

[0040] In some embodiments, the mounting ring 21 includes a first ring 211 and a second ring 212 extending radially therefrom, the first ring 211 being disposed within the second ring 212 and the first ring 211 and the rolling element 13 being disposed opposite each other along the axial direction of the mounting ring 21, the generator 22 being disposed on the first ring 211, and a positioning portion 213 being disposed on the end of the second ring 212 away from the first ring 211, the positioning portion 213 being in contact with the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 12. Specifically, as Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the first ring 211 and the second ring 212 can be integrally formed. Both the first ring 211 and the second ring 212 are cylindrical and the first ring 211 is arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the lower end portion of the second ring 212. The magnet 23 is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the second ring 212. The first ring 211 and the rolling element 13 are spaced relative to each other in the up and down directions and the generator 22 is mounted on the first ring 211. The upper end surface of the second ring 212 is provided with a circular positioning portion 213. When the mounting ring 21 is mounted on the bearing 1, the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 12 abuts against the outer circumferential surface of the positioning portion 213, ensuring the coaxial installation of the mounting ring 21 and the bearing 1, avoiding radial deflection of the mounting ring 21 due to vibration during the rotation of the bearing 1, thereby making the arrangement of the mounting ring 21 more reasonable.

[0041] In some embodiments, the bearing 1 is a roller bearing. Since the wind turbine main shaft bearing 1 needs to withstand alternating loads, transient impacts, and complex vibration spectra, the use of a roller bearing 1 can withstand the load on the main shaft and extend the service life of the bearing 1.

[0042] In some embodiments, the generator 22 is a variable reluctance generator. Specifically, the generator 22 includes a permanent magnet, a coil (with a lead wire), a stator, a fixing nut, a wire, and a gasket. The permanent magnet is selected from N52 NdFeB magnets to provide a strong magnetic field for the variable reluctance effect. N52 NdFeB magnets have high magnetic energy product and strong magnetism, and can generate a stable magnetic field in the magnetic circuit, providing a basis for the variable reluctance effect. When the magnetic flux density of the coil changes due to the movement of the roller in a changing magnetic field, the magnetic flux in the coil will also change accordingly, thereby generating an induced electromotive force, and then generating an induced electrical signal, and outputting electrical energy through the lead wire. The stator is made of a carbon steel core, which plays a role in enhancing the magnetic permeability of the magnetic circuit and concentrating the magnetic field. The high magnetic permeability of the stator can effectively concentrate and guide the magnetic lines of force, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the magnetic circuit.

[0043] Because the number of rolling elements 13 is limited, there are gaps between adjacent rolling elements 13. As the bearing 1 rotates, the rolling elements 13 periodically pass through the magnetic circuit composed of the coil-iron core-permanent magnet, causing a variable reluctance effect, which in turn causes the magnetic flux density of the coil to change. In this way, an induced electrical signal can be generated without any contact between the bearing 1 and the generator 22, thereby realizing electromechanical energy conversion.

[0044] In some embodiments, the variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind power spherical roller bearing further includes a detection component (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the power generation component 2. The detection component is used to receive the electrical signal generated by the power generation component 2 so that the detection component can detect the operating status of the bearing 1 through the electrical signal generated by the power generation component 2. Specifically, the detection component is connected to the generator 22 of the power generation component 2 via a wire, and the induced electrical signal generated by the power generation component 2 is transmitted to the detection component via the wire for detection by the detection component. When a defect occurs in the bearing 1, the change in reluctance causes the output voltage waveform of the generator 22 to be modulated and produces a sideband effect. The detection component can monitor the operating status of the bearing 1 by analyzing these waveform characteristics (such as the frequency sideband interval).

[0045] In some embodiments, in a projection plane orthogonal to the radial direction of the outer ring 12, the rolling element 13 is drum-shaped and the side of the rolling element 13 facing the mounting ring 21 is a first surface, the extension direction of the first surface intersects with the radial direction of the outer ring 12 to form a first angle, and the side of the generator 22 facing the rolling element 13 is a second surface, the extension direction of the second surface intersects with the radial direction of the outer ring 12 to form a second angle, and the second angle is equal to the first angle. Specifically, as Figure 4As shown, the rolling element 13 is drum-shaped and the lower end surface of the rolling element 13 is a plane. The lower end surface of the rolling element 13 is a first surface, and the first surface intersects with the inner and outer directions to form a first angle a. The second ring 212 extends from the outside to the inside and is inclined upward. The lower end surface of the generator 22 is a plane and the extension direction of the lower end surface of the generator 22 intersects with the inner and outer directions to form a second angle b (in other words, the upper end surface of the magnet 23 in the generator 22 intersects with the extension direction and the inner and outer directions to form a second angle b). The size of the first angle is equal to the size of the second angle, ensuring that the upper end surface of the magnet 23 of the generator 22 and the lower end surface of the rolling element 13 are aligned. Always keep them parallel. When the magnet surface of the generator 22 is parallel to the roller surface, the distance between the magnet surface of the generator 22 and the upper surface of the roller is the minimum air gap distance between the two. Since the smaller the minimum air gap distance, the greater the output of the generator 22, if the size of the first angle and the second angle are not equal, then only a small part of the distance between the generator 22 and the rolling element 13 is the minimum air gap distance, and the air gap distance of the rest is greater than the minimum air gap distance, resulting in unstable output power of the generator 22. Therefore, the setting of the second angle and the first angle ensures the stability of the output of the generator 22.

[0046] In some embodiments, the distance between the first and second surfaces is no less than 1 mm. Because magnets inherently attract the rollers, the minimum air gap should be greater than 1 mm to prevent friction caused by the rollers being attracted by the magnets. Preferably, the distance between the first and second surfaces is 1 mm to prevent contact friction from damaging the rolling element 13 and the magnet surfaces of the generator 22, while also increasing the output efficiency of the generator 22.

[0047] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, in the radial projection plane orthogonal to the outer ring 12, the extension direction of the first ring 211 intersects with the inner and outer directions to form a third angle c, and the third angle is equal to the second angle. Therefore, when the generator 22 is installed on the first ring 211, it can be ensured that the first surface of the rolling element 13 is parallel to the second surface of the generator 22.

[0048] In some embodiments, the power generation assembly 2 includes a first power generation assembly 2 and a second power generation assembly 2. The first power generation assembly 2 and the second power generation assembly 2 are arranged relative to each other along the axial direction of the outer ring 12, and the bearing 1 is arranged between the first power generation assembly 2 and the second power generation assembly 2. The first power generation assembly 2 and the second power generation assembly 2 can both generate a magnetic field and cooperate with the rolling element 13, so that when the rolling element 13 rotates, the rolling element 13 drives the first power generation assembly 2 and the second power generation assembly 2 to generate a variable reluctance effect to generate an induced electrical signal. Specifically, the first power generation assembly 2 is arranged at the upper end of the bearing 1 and is connected to the outer ring 12 of the bearing 1, and the second power generation assembly 2 is arranged at the lower end of the bearing 1 and is connected to the outer ring 12 of the bearing 1. The generators 22 of the first power generation assembly 2 and the generators 22 of the second power generation assembly 2 are both connected to the detection assembly via wires, so that the electrical energy generated by the generators 22 is transmitted to the detection assembly, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection results of the detection assembly.

[0049] In some embodiments, the mounting ring 21 is provided with a mounting hole 214 that passes through the mounting ring 21 in the axial direction thereof, and the generator 22 is provided with a mounting shaft 24 that passes through the mounting hole 214 and is connected to the fastener 25 so that the generator 22 is mounted on the mounting ring 21. Specifically, Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the first ring 211 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 214 that pass through the mounting ring 21 in the up-down direction. The extension direction of the mounting hole 214 and the in-outward direction intersect to form a fourth angle, and the fourth angle and the first angle are complementary angles. Therefore, when the generator 22 is installed in the mounting hole 214, it can be ensured that the first surface of the rolling element 13 is parallel to the second surface of the generator 22. The mounting holes 214 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the mounting ring 21. The number of the plurality of mounting holes 214 is equal to the number of the plurality of rolling elements 13, and the plurality of mounting holes 214 and the plurality of rolling elements 13 are arranged at intervals in a one-to-one correspondence along the up-down direction. A threaded mounting shaft 24 extending in the up-down direction is fixed to the lower end of the generator 22. The mounting shaft 24 is passed through the mounting hole 214 and is connected by a fastener 25 (for example: a fixing nut), so that the mounting shaft 24 can be detachably mounted on the mounting ring 21.

[0050] In some embodiments, wind turbine 22 includes a variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind spherical roller bearing.

[0051] The variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind turbine spherical roller bearing is any of the variable reluctance power generation systems 100 based on a wind turbine spherical roller bearing as claimed in any of the preceding claims. Specifically, the wind turbine 22 includes a rotor, a tower, and a nacelle assembly. The nacelle assembly is disposed on the tower, and the rotor is rotatably mounted on the nacelle assembly via a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft of the variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on a wind turbine spherical roller bearing is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is located within the nacelle assembly, thereby rotatably mounting the rotor on the nacelle assembly via a bearing 1.

[0052] The wind turbine 22 of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, long service life, and high maintenance efficiency.

[0053] The following specifically describes the detection process of the variable reluctance power generation system 100 based on the wind power spherical roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention:

[0054] like Figure 9 As shown in the figure, every time the rolling element passes through a local fault, an impact will be generated. The impact will be reflected in the voltage spectrum. Different faults will have different fault frequencies. When the inner ring fails, the collision rate is the frequency of the roller passing through the inner ring, f i It is called the inner ring failure frequency (BPFI); when the outer ring fails, the collision rate is the frequency of the roller passing the outer ring, f o It is called the outer ring failure frequency (BPFO); when the roller fails, the collision rate is the frequency at which the failed part of the roller passes through the inner and outer rings, f s is called the roller fault frequency (BSF). In each fault condition, the main frequency f v There are obvious side band components on both sides. There are two main forms of side band components. One is the interval of kf x , one is the interval kf r , where f x Under different fault conditions, the corresponding fault frequencies are (BPFI, BPFO and BSF), f r is the input shaft rotation frequency, and k is a positive integer. This is because various fault types will cause different changes in the VRG reluctance, resulting in modulation and sidebands in the output voltage waveform.

[0055] Perform FFT analysis on the voltage output by FR-VRG to obtain the frequency domain diagram of the voltage. When there is no fault, the frequency corresponding to the highest peak in the FFT diagram is the main frequency f v There will also be some other frequencies around the main frequency with a distance of kf from the main frequency. x The sideband component, f x is the input shaft rotation frequency, and k is a positive integer. However, when a bearing fault occurs, sideband components with an interval of will appear around the main frequency, where different fault conditions correspond to their respective fault frequencies (BPFI, BPFO, and BSF). (These sideband components with intervals of will not exist when the bearing is healthy). If the inner ring of the bearing fails, a sideband component with an interval of kf will appear. i The side band component of , and so on for other cases.

[0056] The FFT analysis of voltage signals under different fault conditions shows that the FR-VRG's output voltage characteristics are highly sensitive to various mechanical faults. However, repeatedly determining the fault type through FFT analysis is cumbersome. Based on this characteristic, the voltage signals for the four bearing states (healthy (H), roller fault (R), outer race fault (O), and inner race fault (I)) at speeds of 70 rpm, 80 rpm, and 90 rpm were processed through FFT, yielding frequency domain vectors within 500 Hz. This dataset, encompassing all operating conditions, was then input into a constructed deep learning (DL) model to extract spectral characteristics, thereby training an optimal deep learning model (CRSE) for fault diagnosis and classification.

[0057] Figure 10 The CRSE model constructed is mainly composed of CNN feature extractor, Squeeze-and-Excitation module and multi-layer fully connected classifier. It combines the advantages of classic networks such as ResNet and SENet, and is suitable for one-dimensional data processing scenarios. It is a relatively complete deep learning solution.

[0058] The CNN-based feature extractor adopts a progressive extraction strategy, consisting of an initial CNN convolutional module and a ResNet-style residual structure. Because the input dataset is one-dimensional signal data, 1D convolution is used instead of traditional 2D convolution. The initial CNN convolutional module uses a large convolution kernel (7×1) to capture long-range dependencies. A ResNet-style residual structure consisting of four RB residual module layers is added after the initial module to perform deep feature extraction and gradually extract features, achieving progressive feature enhancement, alleviating the gradient vanishing problem, and preserving underlying feature information. In the ResNet-style residual structure, the ResidualBlock1D module is used as the basic building block. Each RB residual module layer uses a 3×1 convolution kernel to balance computational efficiency and receptive field; shortcut connections are used to alleviate the gradient vanishing problem in deep networks. The residual structure has a progressive channel number of 32→64→128→256, and uses a stride of 2 for sampling. BatchNorm and ReLU activation functions are used to improve training stability, MaxPool is used to retain significant features, and dropout (0.5) is used to prevent overfitting.

[0059] The features extracted by the CNN-based feature extractor are passed to the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism module. The Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism module learns the relationship between channels through adaptive average pooling and two-layer convolution. It uses the sigmoid function to generate channel weights, achieve feature recalibration, enhance useful features, suppress useless features, and introduce contextual information.

[0060] The features recalibrated by the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism and the features extracted by the CNN-based feature extractor are then global average pooled (GAP) and connected to a multi-layer fully connected classifier. The multi-layer fully connected classifier consists of three fully connected layers, with dropout regularization between them. The features are output and the final classification results are used for feature analysis.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0062] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0064] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0065] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings, characterized in that: include: A bearing, comprising an inner ring, an outer ring, and rolling elements, wherein the inner ring is sleeved within the outer ring and rotatable relative to the outer ring in a radial direction of the outer ring, and the rolling elements are rotatably disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring; A power generation component, the power generation component includes a mounting ring and a generator, the mounting ring is detachably mounted on the outer ring and connected to the outer ring, the generator is mounted on the outer ring and is arranged relative to the generator and the rolling body along the axial direction of the outer ring, the generator can generate a magnetic field and cooperate with the rolling body so that when the rolling body rotates, the rolling body drives the generator to generate a variable reluctance effect to generate an induced electrical signal.

2. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of magnets are provided on a side of the mounting ring facing the bearing. The plurality of magnets are spaced apart along the axial direction of the mounting ring so that the mounting ring is adsorbed on the outer ring through the magnets.

3. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple rolling bodies and multiple generators, and the multiple rolling bodies are arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring at intervals. The multiple generators are arranged on the mounting ring at intervals around the circumference of the mounting ring. The multiple generators and the multiple rolling bodies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the axial direction of the outer ring.

4. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting ring includes a first ring and a second ring connected to each other along its radial extension, the first ring is arranged in the second ring, and the first ring and the rolling body are arranged opposite to each other along the axial direction of the mounting ring, the generator is arranged on the first ring, and a positioning portion is provided on the end of the second ring away from the first ring, and the positioning portion is abutted against the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring.

5. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a projection plane orthogonal to the radial direction of the outer ring, the rolling element is drum-shaped and the side of the rolling element facing the mounting ring is a first surface, the extension direction of the first surface intersects with the radial direction of the outer ring to form a first angle, the side of the generator facing the rolling element is a second surface, the extension direction of the second surface intersects with the radial direction of the outer ring to form a second angle, and the second angle is equal to the first angle.

6. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the first surface and the second surface is not less than or equal to 1 mm.

7. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation component includes a first power generation component and a second power generation component, and the first power generation component and the second power generation component are arranged relative to each other along the axial direction of the outer ring. The bearing is arranged between the first power generation component and the second power generation component. The first power generation component and the second power generation component can both generate a magnetic field and cooperate with the rolling body so that when the rolling body rotates, the rolling body drives the first power generation component and the second power generation component to generate a variable reluctance effect to generate an induced electrical signal.

8. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting ring is provided with a mounting hole which passes through the mounting ring in its axial direction. The generator is provided with a mounting shaft which passes through the mounting hole and is connected to a fastener so that the generator can be mounted on the mounting ring.

9. The variable reluctance power generation system based on wind power spherical roller bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a detection component, which is electrically connected to the power generation component and is used to receive the electrical signal generated by the power generation component so that the detection component can detect the operating condition of the bearing through the electrical signal generated by the power generation component.

10. A wind turbine, characterized in that: include: A variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing, wherein the variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing is the variable reluctance power generation system based on a wind power spherical roller bearing as claimed in any one of the above claims.

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