Lightweight nuclear-biological-chemical integrated protective mask

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of advanced materials and nuclear-biological-chemical integrated protection, and particularly relates to a light-weight nuclear-biological-chemical integrated protective mask which comprises a main body framework, a protective lens, a canister, a breathing valve and a head band. The heavy atom metal powder is selected from at least one of lead, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum, tin, rare earth elements and oxides thereof, or a binary / ternary compound or alloy formed by the heavy atom metal powder and carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium elements, and the particle size of the metal powder is 0.1 nanometer to 0.7 mm. According to the utility model, the lens is made of the material for nuclear radiation detection and is used as the protective lens of the nuclear-biological-chemical integrated protective mask, so that nuclear radiation protection for eyes is effectively realized. The protective lenses are made of specific optical materials such as silicate, germanate and the like, and embedded clamping grooves are matched with sealing rubber strips, so that damage of external pollutants to eyes is isolated, and eye safety is comprehensively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of advanced materials and nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protection, and specifically relates to a lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protection mask. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most protective masks on the market are designed for biological and chemical protection. Few masks offer comprehensive nuclear radiation protection. Comprehensive nuclear radiation protection refers to a design that simultaneously protects the eyes, face, and other head organs, as well as the mask's respiratory opening. Masks that offer comprehensive nuclear, biological, and chemical protection are extremely rare.

[0003] Lead glass is sometimes used for eye radiation protection. However, the presence of lead limits its application, as its manufacturing and processing can cause contamination. Furthermore, its high density increases the overall weight of the mask. Overall, lead glass is not ideal for use in protective masks. Another viable option for eye radiation protection is augmented reality (AR) glasses. These enclosed masks feature a pair of cameras on the outside and a pair of display screens on the inside. This design is not only expensive and heavy, but also faces challenges with video clarity and transmission latency, making widespread adoption difficult. Therefore, currently, whether in the nuclear industry, the military, or radiation medicine, masks typically use standard optical glass or transparent organic plastic lenses, providing virtually no protection from radiation to the eyes.

[0004] Currently, nuclear radiation standards around the world don't include specific radiation protection requirements for facial areas other than the eyes. However, long-term exposure to nuclear radiation in these areas can also cause skin and related biological tissue damage. Therefore, it's crucial to extend nuclear radiation protection capabilities to the main body of existing biochemical protective masks without significantly increasing weight or cost.

[0005] Furthermore, conventional biochemical masks have multi-layered filters at the respiratory opening to minimize the amount of biochemical substances that enter with inhaled air. However, in a nuclear radiation environment, high-energy photons can penetrate these filters and cause radiation damage to the oral cavity. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a lightweight, integrated nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) protective mask, aiming to address the existing lack of radiation protection for facial areas other than the eyes. However, long-term exposure of these areas to nuclear radiation can lead to pathological changes in the skin and related biological tissues. Conventional NBC masks incorporate multi-layered filtering structures at the respiratory opening to minimize the amount of biochemical substances introduced with inhaled air. However, in a nuclear radiation environment, high-energy photons can penetrate these filtering structures, causing radiation damage to the oral cavity.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask, comprising: a main body structure, protective lenses, a gas filter canister, a breathing valve and a headband;

[0008] The main structure is composed of an organic polymer rubber containing heavy atom metal powder. The heavy atom metal powder is selected from at least one of lead, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum, tin, rare earth elements and their oxides, or binary / ternary compounds or alloys formed with carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium. The metal powder particle size ranges from 0.1 nm to 0.7 mm. The main structure can also be made by hot-pressing multiple layers of TPU film and non-woven fabric or other fabric, and forming a composite fabric with the above-mentioned heavy atom metal powder dispersed between the film layers.

[0009] A protective lens disposed on the main structure, wherein the protective lens is made of germanate, borate, garnet, silicate single crystal / polycrystalline material or organic / inorganic scintillator glass material;

[0010] Gas canisters connected to the main structure are used to filter nuclear aerosols, biological warfare agents, and chemical agents;

[0011] The breathing valve is located in front of the mouth and is used to regulate the breathing airflow;

[0012] Adjustable headband, set at the rear of the main frame;

[0013] The nuclear radiation baffle is fixed to the inner side of the breathing valve, and its lower part or upper and lower parts are connected to the inner wall of the mask. The left and right sides are free ends to allow airflow to pass through. The baffle is made of a composite material containing lead, tungsten, bismuth or a composite material formed by them and rare earth elements.

[0014] As a preferred lightweight integrated nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) protective mask of the present invention, the organic polymer rubber is at least one of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, or silicone rubber. The main structural material can also be formed by hot-pressing multiple layers of TPU film and non-woven fabric or other fabric, and forming a composite fabric with heavy metal powder dispersed between the film layers.

[0015] As a preferred lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask of the present invention, the lower part or the upper and lower parts of the nuclear radiation baffle are fixed on the inner side of the protective mask, and the left and right sides are not fixed and allow breathing airflow to pass through.

[0016] As a preferred lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask of the present invention, the protective lens is a split type, a connected flat type or a connected lens with a curve.

[0017] As a preferred lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask of the present invention, the filter canister is filled with an activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorbent and a nano-catalytic oxidation layer, which can simultaneously remove radioactive iodine vapor, chemical agents and biological aerosols.

[0018] As a preferred lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask of the present invention, the breathing valve is a two-way pressure regulating valve adapted to high-resistance breathing conditions in a nuclear contaminated environment.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This patent effectively addresses the issue of nuclear radiation protection for the eyes by transforming materials used for nuclear radiation detection into lenses for integrated nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) protective masks. The protective lenses utilize specialized optical materials such as germanate, while embedded slots and sealing strips isolate the eyes from external contaminants, providing comprehensive eye protection.

[0021] This patent adds a radiation-resistant baffle between the inner and outer edges of a conventional biochemical protective mask's respiratory opening and in front of the user's mouth. The baffle's lower or upper portions are fixed to the inner edge of the mask, while the left and right sides are free and allow airflow to pass through. Made from a composite material containing lead, tungsten, or bismuth, the baffle features a roughened surface and incorporation of flow channels. While effectively shielding against nuclear radiation, it also ensures smooth airflow, preventing the added protective structure from disrupting normal breathing and effectively addressing the challenge of radiation protection in the respiratory area.

[0022] This patent uses a composite material made of rubber fabric mixed with heavy atom metal powder, or a composite fabric formed by hot pressing multiple layers of TPU film and non-woven fabric or other fabrics and dispersing heavy atom metal powder between the film layers as the main support structure of the mask, while achieving nuclear radiation protection for the face and integrated nuclear, biological and chemical protection of the mask as a whole. The organic polymer rubber containing heavy atom metal powder in the main structure can effectively shield rays; combined with the activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorbent and nano-catalytic oxidation layer in the filter canister, it can simultaneously filter nuclear aerosols, biological warfare agents and chemical agents, so that the mask has all-round nuclear, biological and chemical protection capabilities from the main body to the key components, providing comprehensive and reliable protection for the user. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back view structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture: 1. Main structure; 2. Protective lens; 3. Gas filter canister; 4. Breathing valve; 5. Headband. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask, comprising:

[0030] The main structure 1 is composed of an organic polymer rubber containing heavy atom metal powder. The heavy atom metal powder is selected from at least one of lead, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum, tin, rare earth elements and their oxides, or binary / ternary compounds or alloys formed with carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium. The metal powder particle size is 0.1 nanometer to 0.7 millimeters. The main structure can also be made by hot-pressing multiple layers of TPU film and non-woven fabric or other fabric, and forming a composite fabric with the above-mentioned heavy atom metal powder dispersed between the film layers.

[0031] A protective lens 2 is provided on the main structure 1. The protective lens is made of a germanate, borate, garnet, silicate single crystal / polycrystalline material or an organic / inorganic scintillator glass material. The protective lens 2 is a split type, a conjoined flat type or a curved conjoined type lens. In addition to the above materials and forms, in some embodiments, the protective lens 2 is connected to the main structure 1 using an embedded card slot design. A card slot adapted to the shape of the lens is provided on the main structure 1, and a sealing strip is added to the card slot to ensure that the lens is firmly installed and prevent external contaminants from entering.

[0032] The canister 3, connected to the main frame 1, is used to filter nuclear aerosols, biological warfare agents, and chemical agents. Filled with an activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorbent and a nano-catalytic oxidation layer, the canister 3 simultaneously removes radioactive iodine vapor, chemical agents, and bioaerosols. The connection between the canister 3 and the main frame 1 utilizes a threaded quick-connect mechanism. External threads are located on the outside of the canister 3, while corresponding internal threads are located on the main frame 1. This allows for quick installation and removal by simply rotating the canister 3, making canister replacement easier.

[0033] The breathing valve 4, located in front of the mouth, is used to regulate the respiratory airflow. In different embodiments, the opening and closing pressures of the breathing valve 4 can be adjusted according to the specific usage scenario. For example, in an environment with high radioactive contamination and high air resistance, the opening pressure can be set to 30Pa and the closing pressure to 12Pa. A sealing ring is installed at the edge of the valve to prevent unfiltered air from entering the mask.

[0034] The adjustable headband 5 is provided at the rear of the main structure 1. The adjustable headband 5 adopts a double-layer structure. The adjustment mechanism of the headband 5 adopts a buckle design. A plurality of equally spaced buckle holes are provided on the headband 5. The length of the headband is adjusted by inserting and removing the buckles.

[0035] The radiation shield is fixed to the inside of the respiratory valve 4. Its lower portion, or upper and lower portions, are connected to the inner wall of the mask. Its left and right ends are free to allow airflow to pass through. The shield is made of a composite material containing lead, tungsten, or bismuth. In some embodiments, the radiation shield can be made of a composite material containing bismuth. Its surface is roughened to increase the contact area with the respiratory airflow and improve airflow stability. Guide grooves are provided at the left and right free ends of the shield to guide the respiratory airflow evenly, reduce airflow resistance, and improve breathing smoothness.

[0036] When in operation, the protective device's main structure is constructed from an organic polymer rubber containing heavy metal powder, effectively shielding the radiation and providing basic radiation protection for the user. The protective lens is made of a specific optical material, and its slot design ensures stability while preventing contamination, ensuring a clear field of view for the user.

[0037] The canister effectively filters nuclear aerosols, biological warfare agents, and chemical agents, removing harmful substances such as radioactive iodine vapor. Its threaded connection allows for quick replacement, ensuring continuous protection. A breathing valve ensures smooth breathing airflow and prevents the ingress of unfiltered air.

[0038] The adjustable headband's double-layer construction ensures both wear resistance and comfort. The snap-on design allows for easy length adjustment, while the swivel connector prevents twisting and affects fit. The radiation shield, affixed to the inside of the breathing valve, features a specialized structure and material that ensures airflow while effectively shielding against radiation. These components work together to provide comprehensive protection in hazardous environments.

[0039] These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask, characterized by: include: Main frame (1), protective lens (2), gas filter canister (3), breathing valve (4) and headband (5) A main body structure (1) composed of an organic polymer rubber containing heavy atom metal powder, wherein the heavy atom metal powder is selected from at least one of lead, tungsten, bismuth, tantalum, tin, rare earth elements and their oxides, or a binary / ternary compound or alloy formed with carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, and tellurium, and the metal powder particle size is 0.1 nanometer to 0.7 millimeter; A protective lens (2) disposed on the main structure (1), wherein the protective lens is made of a germanate, borate, garnet, silicate single crystal / polycrystalline material or an organic / inorganic scintillator glass material; A canister (3) connected to the main structure (1) for filtering nuclear aerosols, biological warfare agents and chemical agents; Breathing valve (4), located in front of the mouth for regulating breathing airflow; An adjustable headband (5) is arranged at the rear of the main body structure (1); The nuclear radiation baffle is fixed to the inner side of the breathing valve (4), and its lower part or upper and lower parts are connected to the inner wall of the mask, and the left and right sides are free ends to allow airflow to pass through. The baffle is made of a composite material containing lead, tungsten, bismuth or a composite material formed by them and rare earth elements.

2. A lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic polymer rubber is made of at least one of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber or silicone rubber. The main structure (1) material can also be made by hot-pressing a multi-layer TPU film and a non-woven fabric or other fabric, and forming a composite fabric with heavy metal powder dispersed between the film layers.

3. The lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part or the upper and lower parts of the nuclear radiation baffle are fixed on the inner side of the protective mask, and the left and right sides are not fixed and allow breathing airflow to pass through.

4. The lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective lens (2) is a split type, a conjoined flat type or a conjoined type lens with a curvature.

5. The lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas filter canister (3) is filled with an activated carbon-zeolite composite adsorbent and a nano-catalytic oxidation layer, which can simultaneously remove radioactive iodine vapor, chemical poisons and bioaerosols.

6. The lightweight nuclear, biological and chemical integrated protective mask according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breathing valve (4) is a two-way pressure regulating valve adapted to the high-resistance breathing condition in a nuclear contaminated environment.

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