Low-surface-energy alloy material and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a low surface energy alloy material which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-99.9 parts of Co and 0.01-20 parts of Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn or / and Cr. The content of Cr is 0.5-8 parts by weight; and the content of Mo is 0.5-8 parts by weight. During application, the thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2-500 [mu] m; and the alloy layer material is re-cladded or directly subjected to plasma spraying in a spraying manner. The low-surface-energy alloy material is applied to ocean engineering, shipbuilding, ice and snow sports and cookware.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to low surface energy alloy materials and applications, and the application of uncoated metal non-stick pans, and in particular to the application and preparation of non-stick pans with an alloy layer and nano-microstructure concave pore distribution (especially polygonal concave pores), electric rice cookers, and electric baking pans. Background Art

[0002] Low surface energy materials refer to materials with low surface energy, which usually have properties such as non-stick, easy to clean, and self-lubricating. The contact angle of this type of material with water is greater than 120°, showing the characteristics of hydrophobicity and oleophobicity. The surface energy of low surface energy materials is low, mainly because the adsorption force of their surface molecules or structures on liquids is weak, making it difficult for liquids to spread on their surfaces. Existing low surface energy materials mainly include the following categories: Fluorine-containing low surface energy materials: This type of material reduces surface energy by introducing fluorine atoms into the polymer chain. For example, the surface energy of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is about 20mN / m. Low surface energy drag reducing coatings: Mainly used for hydrophobic drag reduction and coating drag reduction, the drag reduction effect is achieved by reducing the shear stress of the fluid on the wall. Antifouling coatings: Utilize the characteristics of low surface energy materials to prevent fouling from adhering to their surface, and are suitable for fields such as ships and marine engineering.

[0003] Low surface energy materials are widely used in various fields: Marine engineering: Used in docks, bridges, offshore platforms, etc., they prevent marine organisms from attaching and reduce frictional resistance. Shipbuilding: They reduce navigation resistance, prevent fouling from attaching, and improve navigation efficiency. Winter sports: Used in skis, ice skates, etc., they reduce friction and improve athletic performance.

[0004] Existing low-surface-energy materials typically require the preparation of ingredients such as fluorine-containing resins, epoxy resins, and compounded curing agents. These materials offer excellent weather resistance, lubricity, and environmental friendliness, and hold promising market prospects. With the development of marine engineering and the shipbuilding industry, demand for low-surface-energy materials is increasing annually, offering significant market application prospects. However, low-surface-energy alloy materials have yet to be publicly disclosed.

[0005] CN201710462896.9 Alumina ceramic pot body and preparation method thereof, ceramic inlaid metal inner pot and cooking utensils, wherein a microporous structure is formed on the inner surface of the alumina ceramic pot body, and the depth of the microporous structure is less than the thickness of the alumina ceramic pot body. The ceramic inlaid metal inner pot comprises a ceramic layer (1) as an inner layer, a metal layer (3) as an outer layer, and a heat-conducting layer (2) located between the ceramic layer (1) and the metal layer (3), wherein a microporous structure is formed on the inner surface of the ceramic layer (1), and the depth of the microporous structure is less than the thickness of the alumina ceramic pot body. It is generally believed that a metal shovel should be avoided when using the pot, and a metal brush should be avoided when cleaning.

[0006] The alloy layer is a material that is harmless to human health, has stable chemical properties and better temperature resistance.

[0007] The applicant has already applied for an electric baking pan, application number CN2023232150967, but the application effect of using an alloy layer or a non-stick pan with a microstructured polygonal hole is better. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an uncoated metal non-stick pan, especially a low surface energy alloy material and its application, which has a nano-microstructured concave pore distribution, is a low-cost prepared spray-type alloy non-stick pan and its application and preparation in various cookware.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a low surface energy alloy material, mainly metal cobalt and cobalt-based alloy, the alloy material composition, Co content is 40 to 99.9 parts by weight, Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn and / or Cr content is 0.01 to 20 parts by weight.

[0010] Furthermore, the Cr content is 0.5 to 8 parts by weight; and the Mo content is 0.5 to 8 parts by weight.

[0011] The content of Co is 85-99.9 parts by weight, the content of Cr is 0.1-15 parts by weight, the content of Mo is 0.5-5 parts by weight, the content of Ni is 0.5-5 parts by weight, and the content of Ti and / or Fe is 0.5-15 parts by weight.

[0012] The content of Ti and / or Si added is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

[0013] Furthermore, the Co content is 40 to 80 parts by weight, the Cr content is 7 to 20 parts by weight, the Mo content is within 8 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 to 8 parts by weight; or the Mn and / or Ti content is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight. Or the Mn, Ti and / or Fe content is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

[0014] Low-surface-energy alloy materials are used in marine engineering, shipbuilding, winter sports, and cookware. The thickness of the alloy layer prepared from low-surface-energy alloy materials ranges from 0.2μm to 500μm. The surface of the object is coated with the alloy layer by electroplating, PVD coating, direct plasma spraying, or supersonic spraying. Plasma spraying or supersonic spraying of the alloy layer uses powders with a particle size of 1-100μm, particularly 3-50μm.

[0015] The low surface energy alloy material is used in cookware. The metal body that contacts the food is provided with a uniformly distributed alloy layer with a thickness of 0.2μm-200μm. Ferrosilicon can also be added in an appropriate amount, totaling 0.4-5 parts by weight.

[0016] The thickness of the alloy layer applied by PVD is 0.2μm-20μm, while that applied by coating or direct plasma spraying is 10μm-500μm, particularly 15μm-200μm. Spraying, then cladding, or direct plasma spraying achieves better results. The sprayed alloy layer has a nanostructure and can be applied using powders with particle sizes of 1-100μm, particularly 3-30μm, using plasma spraying or supersonic spraying. When plasma spraying on any workpiece surface, Ar atmosphere protection is particularly suitable. Low-surface-energy alloy materials are being used in marine engineering, shipbuilding, winter sports, and cookware.

[0017] The application of low surface energy alloy materials in cookware, etc., includes a metal pot body or other workpiece, and the metal pot body or other workpiece is provided with a uniformly distributed alloy layer on the contact surface with food or non-stick surface, and is plasma sprayed or supersonic sprayed; when plasma spraying on any workpiece surface, inert atmosphere such as Ar gas can be used for protection.

[0018] The sprayed (after melt-spraying) alloy layer contains nanopores, and the diameter of the nanopores is 100-1500 nanometers;

[0019] When used in cookware: the metal pot body is provided with evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes, the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.3 to 1.2 mm, the size of the protrusions between the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.1 to 0.6 mm, and the evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes are covered with an alloy layer.

[0020] The metal pot body (the surface in contact with food) is provided with evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes; the elliptical or polygonal holes are arranged in a parallel array or a staggered array; the surface material of the metal pot body can be stainless steel, iron or even titanium; composite materials are also acceptable.

[0021] The concave holes are arranged in a parallel array or a staggered array; the hole depth is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0022] The pot is divided into several small areas, and each small area is distributed with an elliptical or polygonal hole.

[0023] The total area of the elliptical or polygonal holes accounts for more than 50% of the entire area.

[0024] The direction of the small-area elliptical or polygonal hole is perpendicular to the direction of the adjacent elliptical or polygonal hole.

[0025] The stainless steel pot body can be composited with an aluminum heat-conducting layer. Iron pot bodies are also acceptable.

[0026] The longitudinal section of the elliptical or polygonal concave hole is wavy.

[0027] The spacing between the polygonal holes is large, and the convex part of the rib is smaller than the concave part, which is more convenient to process. The maximum size of the highest convex part between adjacent polygonal holes and the lowest concave part of the polygonal hole does not exceed 500 microns.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The main feature of the present invention is that the materials of metallic cobalt and cobalt-based alloys have particularly low surface energy. Low surface energy materials have a wide range of applications in multiple fields, especially the surface of cookware, the surface of marine engineering equipment, the surface of water sports facilities such as ships, ice and snow sports equipment, etc. The existing preparation process of low surface energy materials usually includes ingredients such as fluorine-containing resins, epoxy resins, and compound curing agents. Although these organic materials have good weather resistance, lubricity and environmental protection, with the development of marine engineering and shipbuilding industries, the demand for low surface energy materials has increased year by year, and they have great market application prospects, but the operating temperature of organic materials is not high. Low surface energy alloy materials have a higher operating temperature, which can be above 400°C.

[0029] When used in cookware, plasma spraying an alloy layer onto a metal surface like stainless steel creates a dense array of dispersed nanoparticle pores. These nanopores alter the contact area between the food and the pot, allowing the pores to contain both oil and water, reducing the amount of heat transferred directly from the pot to the food, preventing the food from sticking due to excessive temperatures. The micro-nanostructure of the plasma-sprayed alloy layer is superior to that achieved with PVD coatings. Furthermore, it offers excellent biocompatibility and is harmless to the human body.

[0030] Polygonal hole arrays offer superior performance compared to circular holes. Concave holes have a larger area than round holes, allowing oil and water in the pan to be trapped within the concave holes and restrained by surface tension. This results in an alloy layer with surprisingly good non-stick properties, rivaling the performance of existing fluorine-coated non-stick materials. The inner surface of the stainless steel pan body eliminates the need for a release film or other anti-stick coating, maintaining the inherent properties of stainless steel + spray coating. Even during high-temperature stir-frying or when the pan is left empty, the alloy layer releases no toxic substances or gases, contaminating the food being cooked or the kitchen environment, ensuring safer cooking. The nano-scale pores in the pan absorb air and grease during use, generating hot air and oil mist during heating that simultaneously lift and support food, enhancing performance. The velvety effect created by the nipple structure reduces friction between food and the inner surface of the pan, achieving a non-stick effect through physical means without the addition of chemical coatings, making cooking healthier for consumers. The present invention is resistant to metal spatulas during use and can be cleaned with a metal brush. Its non-stick performance reaches Class 1 (capable of frying over 100 eggs continuously in the absence of oil or in the presence of minimal grease). The material performs particularly well when sprayed using plasma or supersonic spraying. These features and advantages of the present invention are detailed in the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the densely arranged distribution of rectangular concave holes in the pot body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the distribution of hexagonal recessed holes in the pot body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of an electron microscope photograph of a cookware according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same objects.

[0035] Coated metal preparation of non-stick pan: Plasma melt spraying technology is used to spray alloy materials on the surface of stainless steel or iron. Figure 1-Figure 2 The metal pot body can be made of a uniform heat layer (with a composite aluminum layer), a metal pot body, especially stainless steel or iron; this embodiment relates to the application of an alloy layer pressed non-stick pan, and evenly distributed polygonal holes 1 with consistent depth are better. The distribution of the polygonal holes can also be denser at the bottom of the pot than at the edge of the pot; there are protrusions 2 between adjacent polygonal holes.

[0036] The treatment of the metal pot body, such as after the clean surface treatment, PVD must be polished, frosted (coarse sand frosting is used for surface treatment to increase the roughness of the metal surface) or shot peening and then cleaned directly. The plasma spraying technology uses a non-transferred plasma arc as a heat source to heat the alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state, and atomizes it through a high-speed flame flow and accelerates it to the pre-treated workpiece surface to form a strong porous structure alloy spray coating. The alloy layer alloy powder material is preferably spherical powder,

[0037] Preparation of Alloy Materials: Following the weight ratios of the alloy components described in the following examples, the alloy components, including Co, are melted and then dispersed into powders under an inert gas atmosphere. Alloy materials are typically prepared using a vacuum induction furnace, or even vacuum induction smelting followed by remelting in a vacuum consumable furnace or electroslag furnace. Reference is made to the smelting of nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloys, also known as nickel-based heat-resistant alloys.

[0038] The Co content is 85-99.9 parts by weight, and the Cr, Cu, Ni, Mn, Ti, Si, and / or Fe content is 0.01-15 parts by weight. The present invention comprises a non-stick pan with a surface layer composed primarily of cobalt and impurities or alloys of Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Ti, Si, and / or Fe mixed with cobalt, particularly a low-surface-energy cobalt and cobalt alloy layer formed by plasma spraying on the pan body. Pure cobalt, also within the scope of the present invention, refers to a cobalt content of 99% or higher. Electrolytically generated cobalt contains Ni, Cu, Mn, Fe, C, and S, with a content of approximately 0.01-0.04% being more common and suitable for direct use. Cr, Ti, and Si are present in even lower amounts.

[0039] Alloy composition example 1: Co content is 40 parts by weight, Cr content is 20 parts by weight, Mo content is 5 parts by weight, and Ni content is 1 part by weight. During plasma spraying of the pot body, an atmosphere protection of Ar gas and hydrogen gas is used in a volume ratio of 1:1. The non-stick performance basically reaches Class 1 non-stick performance.

[0040] Alloy composition embodiment 2: Co content is 50 parts by weight, Cr content is 18 parts by weight; Mo content is 5 parts by weight, Ni 5 parts by weight; alloy layer material composition: Ar gas atmosphere protection is used when plasma spraying on the pot body.

[0041] Alloy composition embodiment 3: Co content is 58 parts by weight, Cr content is 18 parts by weight; Mo content is 5 parts by weight, Ni is 5 parts by weight; alloy layer material composition: Ar gas protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body.

[0042] Alloy composition embodiment 4: Co content is 62 parts by weight, Cr content is 20 parts by weight; Mo content is 3 parts by weight, Ni is 1 part by weight; Ar gas and hydrogen atmosphere protection are used when plasma spraying on the pot body.

[0043] Alloy composition embodiment 5: Co content is 69 parts by weight, Cr content is 20 parts by weight; Mo content is 2 parts by weight, Ni is 3 parts by weight; Ar gas protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body.

[0044] Alloy composition embodiment 6: Co content is 75 parts by weight, Cr content is 17 parts by weight; Mo content is 3 parts by weight, Ni is 3 parts by weight; carbon dioxide protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body.

[0045] Alloy composition embodiment 7: Co content is 80 parts by weight, Cr content is 14 parts by weight; Mo content is 2 parts by weight, Ni is 2 parts by weight; carbon dioxide protection is used when plasma spraying the pot body.

[0046] Alloy composition embodiment 8: Co content is 85 parts by weight, Cr content is 8 parts by weight; Mo content is 2 parts by weight, Ni is 4 parts by weight; Ar gas and hydrogen atmosphere protection are used when plasma or supersonic spraying is performed on the pot body.

[0047] Alloy composition embodiment 9: Co content is 90 parts by weight, Cr content is 7 parts by weight, Mo content is 0.2 parts by weight, and Ni content is 1 part by weight. Carbon dioxide protection is used during plasma or supersonic spraying on the pot body.

[0048] Alloy composition embodiment 10: Co content is 95 parts by weight, Cr content is 3 parts by weight, Mo content is 0.2 parts by weight, and Ni content is 1 part by weight. Carbon dioxide protection is used during plasma supersonic or supersonic spraying of the pot body.

[0049] Cobalt (based) and alloy composition embodiment 11: Co content is 99.9 parts by weight, Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn and / or Cr content is 0.01 to 0.1 parts by weight, which are inherent impurities of electrolytic cobalt.

[0050] Based on electrolytic cobalt, small amounts of Cr and Mo are added to control the content to 0.1-0.5 parts by weight, and Ni can be added 0.1-0.5 parts by weight. When spraying the pan body with plasma or supersonic spraying, an argon gas and hydrogen atmosphere with a volume ratio of 1:1 is used. This alloy, when used to produce non-stick pans, has a 100% anti-stick effect, almost reaching the anti-stick level of Teflon pans.

[0051] Alloy Composition Example 12: The alloy layer comprises 95 parts by weight of Co, 1 part by weight of Cr, 3 parts by weight of Mo, and 1 part by weight of Ni. Plasma or supersonic spraying is performed on the pot body using an Ar atmosphere. 95% anti-sticking effect is achieved. The contents of at least two of Mn, Ni, and Fe are 0.5 parts by weight.

[0052] Alloy composition example 13: Co content is 93 parts by weight, Ni, Mn, Cr or Fe are 5 parts by weight; alloy layer material composition: Ar gas protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 93% anti-sticking effect.

[0053] Alloy composition example 14: Co content is 90 parts by weight, Ni, Mn, Cr or Fe are 5 parts by weight; alloy layer material composition: Ar gas protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 90% anti-sticking effect.

[0054] Alloy Composition Example 15: Co content is 89 parts by weight, and Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti, or Fe content is 2 parts by weight; Ar gas protection is used during plasma spraying on the pot body. 85% anti-sticking effect.

[0055] Alloy Composition Example 16: Co content is 85 parts by weight, and two or three of Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Ti, or Fe are present in an amount of 4 parts by weight. Carbon dioxide protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 80% anti-sticking effect is achieved.

[0056] Alloy Composition Example 17: Co content is 98 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of two or three of Cr, Ni, Mn, Ti, and Fe; Cr content is 14 parts by weight; Mo content is 8 parts by weight, and Ni content is 2 parts by weight. Carbon dioxide shielding is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 95% anti-sticking effect.

[0057] Alloy Composition Example 18: Co content is 96 parts by weight, Cr content is 8 parts by weight, and Fe content is 4 parts by weight. Ar gas and hydrogen gas atmosphere protection is used during plasma spraying on the pot body. 93% anti-sticking effect.

[0058] Alloy Composition Example 19: Co content is 93 parts by weight, Cr content is 12 parts by weight, Mo content is 6 parts by weight, and Ni content is 8 parts by weight. Carbon dioxide protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 93% anti-sticking effect.

[0059] Alloy composition example 20: Co content is 85 parts by weight, Cr content is 15 parts by weight, Mo content is 6 parts by weight, and Ni content is 1 part by weight. Carbon dioxide protection is used during plasma spraying of the pot body. 70% anti-sticking effect.

[0060] In alloy composition examples 11-15, silicon or titanium is further added, each at 0.4 or 1 part by weight; similar anti-sticking effects are achieved;

[0061] In alloy composition examples 16-20, silicon and titanium are added in amounts of 0.8 or 2 parts by weight. The addition yields better results. Silicon and iron are added in amounts of 1 or 2.5 parts by weight (the two are essentially the same).

[0062] Plasma spraying technology uses a rigid non-transferred plasma arc as a heat source to heat the alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state, and atomizes it through a high-speed flame flow and accelerates it to spray onto the pre-treated workpiece surface to form a strong spray coating. The coating has high thermal conductivity and can accumulate a large number of dispersed nanoparticles. This composite structure can adjust the coating and enhance the coating's vibration resistance and thermal shock resistance.

[0063] Plasma spraying employs protective atmospheres such as Ar, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen during the coating of the pot body. Plasma spraying utilizes a rigid, non-transferred plasma arc as the heat source, heating the alloy powder material to a molten or semi-molten state. This material is then atomized and accelerated by a high-velocity flame stream onto the pre-treated workpiece surface, forming a durable spray coating with high thermal conductivity and the ability to accumulate a large number of dispersed nanoparticles. This composite structure modulates the coating and enhances its vibration and thermal shock resistance. Powders with particle sizes of 1-30μm, especially 3-30μm, can be sprayed using plasma spraying. Alternatively, supersonic spraying can be employed: a fuel (gaseous / liquid) mixed with high-pressure oxygen is burned in a combustion chamber, generating a supersonic flame stream (at velocities of 300-1000m / s). Molten / semi-molten powder particles impact the workpiece at high speeds, with flame temperatures reaching 2500-3000°C or higher.

[0064] PVD cobalt-based alloy film (physical vapor deposition) converts solid / liquid materials into gas phase through physical methods (evaporation, sputtering or ionization) in a vacuum environment, and deposits it on the surface of the substrate to form a micron-sized thin film.

[0065] PVD uses vacuum evaporation coating: heating the target material for evaporation deposition; or vacuum sputtering coating, such as magnetron sputtering: ions bombard the target material to sputter particles, with high coating density and adhesion; or vacuum ion plating (mainstream technology multi-arc ion plating): arc discharge ionizes the target material, with optimal bonding strength and hardness, mechanical properties: high film hardness and strong wear resistance (friction coefficient as low as 0.2), chemical stability: corrosion resistance is better than traditional electroplating, there is no heavy metal pollution, and the thickness can be only 0.3-1μm; coating coverage can also be electroplated.

[0066] PVD uses vacuum evaporation coating or vacuum sputtering coating to prepare alloy targets according to the following examples. The target is heated to evaporate, and the vapor condenses to form a film on the substrate surface. Methods include electron beam evaporation, resistance evaporation, arc evaporation, laser evaporation, etc., or high-energy particles are used to bombard the target material, causing the target atoms to sputter and deposit on the surface of the workpiece. DC sputtering, radio frequency sputtering, magnetron sputtering, etc. are used. The film thickness of PVD coating technology: the thickness of most PVD coatings is controlled between 0.1 and 15 microns, and 15-20 microns is also acceptable. The more common industrial standard range is 0.3 to 5 microns.

[0067] Although PVD coatings can be as thin as 0.2 to 2 microns, and some decorative coatings can be as thin as 0.3 to 1 micron, the anti-stick function will be worse.

[0068] A non-stick pan with alloy-layer nanostructured polygonal holes includes a metal body with evenly distributed polygonal holes on the food-contact surface; an outer stainless steel layer, and a surface of the stainless steel layer with polygonal holes arranged in a parallel array or a radial (radial) array. Specifically, the pan is divided into several small areas, each of which has polygonal holes arranged in a parallel array. Each small area can be 20-100 square centimeters. If the small areas are not divided, the polygonal holes can be arranged in a concentric circle structure or in a radial (radial) pattern.

[0069] The longitudinal section of the polygonal hole is wavy; the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal hole can be 0.3 to 1.2 mm, the polygonal hole spacing (rib width between polygonal holes) is 0.1 to 0.6 mm, and 0.3 to 0.5 mm is better; the polygonal hole depth is 0.2 to 0.5 mm, especially 0.3 to 0.4 mm.

[0070] The spacing between polygonal holes is large, and the raised area of the rib is smaller than the concave area, making it easier to process.

[0071] In a further embodiment, the rib width of the polygonal hole can be 300, 400, or 500 microns. The polygonal hole is formed by pressing a hard alloy mold using a press, resulting in a hardened layer structure for both the polygonal hole and the pot body. A mold with uniformly distributed raised ribs made of hard alloy is used and pressed onto the pot body plate, resulting in a uniform distribution of polygonal holes on the pot body.

[0072] The total area of the polygonal holes accounts for a large proportion of the entire area, generally greater than 50%, which can ensure the physical non-stick performance of the entire non-stick pan and also ensure the service life of the pan.

[0073] Use 304 stainless steel for the surface of the pot body (the contact surface with the food), steel-aluminum composite or steel-aluminum-steel composite (referred to as three-layer steel, of course the purpose is to reduce weight and more evenly conduct heat). 316 stainless steel is better, but iron pots can also be used.

[0074] Furthermore, the upper convex arc of the wave shape (the raised ribs between adjacent polygonal holes, ie, the polygonal frame) is narrower than the lower concave arc (the polygonal hole itself); that is, the area of the polygonal frame is smaller than the area of the polygonal concave hole.

[0075] One of the key aspects of this application is that the area supporting the food (the raised portion) accounts for only 30-50% of the total pot body (bottom), particularly 30-45%. This provides excellent anti-stick properties. After ion spraying, the surface of the pot can be further treated with sanding (grinding) and polishing to reduce the roughness of the pot's inner surface, thereby reducing friction between the food and the inner surface. This allows for smoother flipping of food, achieving a non-stick effect comparable to that achieved with the latest PTFE Teflon coatings. Furthermore, the manufacturing cost is low, half the cost of other functional non-stick pans.

[0076] The plasma and supersonic spraying of the present invention requires sanding (grinding) and polishing the surface of the alloy layer to form a finished product.

[0077] The pot body is concave in shape, formed by pressing a flat plate through a hydraulic press. The pot body is attached to a handle. The back of the stainless steel is laminated with an aluminum layer. For composite pot bodies, the thickness of the stainless steel is approximately 0.5-1mm, while the aluminum layer is approximately 1.5mm. Stainless steel or titanium can be laminated with the aluminum plate by pressing or explosion.

[0078] Preparation of polygonal holes: An alloy mold with uniform polygonal hole protrusions is used, and the stainless steel pot surface is pressed by the mold and a press to form polygonal holes. The polygonal hole mold can also be prepared by electrochemical methods.

[0079] Polygonal hole arrays, such as triangles, rectangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, and octagons, as well as nanopores, can be produced by plate etching or mold imprinting. Nanopores, especially those produced by pressing abrasives (dry or slurry) with abrasive sizes of 30-300nm (500nm is also acceptable), are better suited for nitriding the pot surface.

[0080] This application can be used not only for various cooking pots, but also for electric baking pans and electric rice cookers.

[0081] Applications of an electric griddle: This griddle, featuring a non-stick layer with polygonal holes and nanostructured alloy layers, includes upper and lower heating plates, pot surfaces, and a heating element. The heating element is located within the pot surfaces of the upper and / or lower heating plates, with the upper and lower heating plates mounted on the upper cover and base, respectively. The pot surfaces feature evenly distributed protrusions on the lower and upper surfaces of the upper and lower heating plates, respectively. The upper and lower heating plates are constructed of stainless steel or a composite metal material with aluminum. The portion of the pot surface that comes into contact with food is the non-stick layer with nanostructured alloy layers and polygonal holes.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low surface energy alloy material, characterized in that: The alloy material composition comprises: a Co content of 40 to 99.9 parts by weight; and a Fe, Ni, Cu, Mn or / and Cr content of 0.01 to 20 parts by weight.

2. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Cr content is 0.5 to 8 parts by weight; the Mo content is 0.5 to 8 parts by weight.

3. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Co content is 85 to 99.9 parts by weight, the Cr content is 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, the Mo content is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight.

4. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The content of Ti and / or Si added is 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

5. The low surface energy alloy material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Co content is 40 to 80 parts by weight, the Cr content is 7 to 20 parts by weight, the Mo content is within 8 parts by weight, and the Ni content is 1 to 8 parts by weight; or Mn and Ti content are 0.5 to 15 parts by weight.

6. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: Application of low surface energy alloy materials in marine engineering, shipbuilding, ice and snow sports, and cookware; the thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2μm-500μm; The surface of the object is coated with an alloy layer by electroplating, PVD, direct plasma spraying or supersonic spraying.

7. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The alloy layer powder is sprayed by plasma spraying or supersonic spraying, and the powder with a particle size of 1-100 μm, especially 3-50 μm, is used for spraying.

8. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The application of low surface energy alloy materials in cookware is that a uniformly distributed alloy layer is provided on the metal pot body that contacts the food, and the thickness of the alloy layer is 0.2μm-200μm.

9. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that: The thickness of the alloy layer covered by PVD on the pot body is 0.2μm-20μm, and the thickness of the alloy layer covered by coating or directly plasma sprayed is 10μm-500μm, especially 15μm-200μm.

10. The use of the low surface energy alloy material according to claim 8, characterized in that: PVD is vacuum evaporation coating: heating the target material to evaporate and deposit; vacuum sputtering coating, ion bombardment of the target material to sputter particles or vacuum ion plating.

11. The alloy layer nano-microstructured concave hole non-stick pan according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The metal pot body is provided with evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes, the maximum size of the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.3 to 1.2 mm, the size of the protrusions between the elliptical or polygonal holes is 0.1 to 0.6 mm, and the evenly distributed elliptical or polygonal concave holes are covered with an alloy layer; the elliptical or polygonal concave holes are arranged in a parallel array or a staggered array; the hole depth is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

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