Optimization design method and device for vanadium dioxide particle optical modified PVB film and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical performance optimization method for PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral) with vanadium dioxide particles. The method comprises the following steps: setting initial values of characteristic parameters of a PVB film and emission parameters of optical signals; calculating optical parameters of the optical signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film to obtain the collision frequency and the displacement value of the optical signal; calculating the collision times and the displacement value after the optical signal collides with the vanadium dioxide particles for multiple times in the PVB film, and determining one or more of the transmissivity, the reflectivity and the absorptivity of the PVB film to the optical signal so as to obtain the optical signal transmission performance of the PVB film; and changing one or more values in the characteristic parameters of the PVB film so as to enable the optical signal transmission performance of the PVB film to meet the specified requirements. By means of the method, the optimal manufacturing parameters of the PVB film can be rapidly obtained based on the set standard, and therefore efficient heat regulation and control windshields can be manufactured conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of material design technology, and specifically relates to an optimization design method, an optimization design device, an electronic device, a computer program product, and a computer-readable storage medium for optically modified PVB of vanadium dioxide particles. Background Art

[0002] Automotive windshields are often manufactured using a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer sandwiched between two layers of glass. PVB offers excellent visible light transmittance, and its adhesion to the glass makes the windshield highly impact-resistant, preventing fragments from flying due to collisions. To adjust the windshield's optical performance, the materials used in the PVB interlayer are often regulated.

[0003] Specifically, in the field of material synthesis, patent CN 103214989 A discloses a specific preparation method for a smart dimming PVB film and smart dimming PVB laminated glass. A dispersion of vanadium dioxide (VO2) powder is dispersed into an adhesive PVB resin to form a smart dimming PVB film. This film is then bonded to two sheets of glass via hot pressing to produce smart dimming PVB laminated glass. CN 103525320 B discloses a thermochromic PVB interlayer and its preparation method. A composite powder made by coating VO2 with carbon is mixed with a liquid plasticizer and PVB, and then heated, melted, and extruded to produce the PVB interlayer. CN 106543910 B discloses a smart temperature-controlled PVB adhesive film. This is prepared using a tin-doped tungsten VO2 slurry, which is then mixed with a plasticizer and PVB and subjected to heating, extrusion, and other processes to produce the PVB film.

[0004] In terms of material synthesis, current technology considers adding VO2 to PVB film to adjust infrared transmission properties, but it cannot guarantee that visible light transmittance meets national standards. In actual production, there is no design method for selecting particle size and content, or PVB film thickness. This results in the need for extensive trial and error based on empirical information to achieve usable results in PVB film. This is very expensive, and inefficient repeated attempts under different visible light constraints will seriously increase R&D costs.

[0005] Therefore, a method for quickly determining and optimizing the optical properties of PVB films with VO2 particles is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide an optimization design method for VO2 particle optically modified PVB to solve the problem of selecting VO2 size and content corresponding to PVB film of specific thickness, and based on this method, an optimal combination of VO2 particle size and content is obtained.

[0007] Specifically, this application involves the following aspects:

[0008] According to one aspect of the present application, a method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles is provided, comprising: setting initial values of characteristic parameters of the PVB film, the characteristic parameters including the thickness of the PVB film, and setting emission parameters of a light signal emitted to the PVB film; calculating the optical parameters of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, and obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film; calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values after the light signal collides with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film multiple times, and determining one or more of the transmittance, reflectivity and absorptivity of the PVB film to the light signal based on the number of collisions, the vector sum of the displacement values and the thickness of the PVB film to obtain the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film; changing the values of one or more of the characteristic parameters of the PVB film, and repeatedly calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values so that the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film meets the specified requirements.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present application, the characteristic parameters also include: the radius of the vanadium dioxide particles in the film, the content of the vanadium dioxide particles in the film; the emission parameters include: the number of photons, the emission distance, and the film incident angle.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present application, the optical parameters include: movement distance and scattering angle direction cosine value; obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value after each collision of the light signal in the PVB film includes: setting the initial value of the collision number to zero, and increasing the collision number by one after each collision of the light signal with the vanadium dioxide particles; calculating the displacement value after each collision based on the movement distance and scattering angle direction cosine value of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles, and the direction of the displacement value is parallel to the thickness direction of the PVB film.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the movement distance is the average movement distance between each two collisions between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particles; the average movement distance is determined by the extinction cross section of the vanadium dioxide particles colliding with the light signal and the concentration of vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the direction cosine value of the scattering angle is determined by the angular parameters of the previous collision between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particles; the angular parameters include: the relationship between the scattering intensity of the vanadium dioxide particles and the scattering angle of the light signal, and the azimuth angle after the light signal collides with the vanadium dioxide particles.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, determining one or more of the transmittance, reflectance and absorptivity of the PVB film to a light signal based on the number of collisions, the sum of the displacement value vectors and the thickness of the PVB film includes: calculating the upper limit of the number of collisions of the light signal, and in response to the number of collisions being less than the upper limit of the number of collisions and the sum of the displacement value vectors being not less than the thickness of the PVB film, calculating the transmittance of the PVB film based on the number of outgoing photons of the light signal; in response to the sum of the displacement value vectors being not greater than 0, calculating the reflectance of the PVB film based on the number of outgoing photons of the light signal; and calculating the absorptivity of the PVB film in response to the number of collisions being not less than the upper limit of the number of collisions and the sum of the displacement value vectors being not greater than the thickness of the PVB film.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present application, calculating the upper limit of the number of collisions of the optical signal includes: determining the scattering cross section and the extinction cross section of the vanadium dioxide particles to the optical signal; and determining the upper limit of the number of collisions based on the relationship between the scattering cross section and the extinction cross section.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present application, repeatedly calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of displacement values so that the light signal transmittance performance of the PVB film meets the specified requirements includes: establishing a multivariable function based on characteristic parameters, setting the specified requirements as constraints of the multivariable function; calculating a combination of characteristic parameters so that the multivariable function meets the constraints; and obtaining the values of the characteristic parameters in the combination of characteristic parameters when the multivariable function meets the constraints.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present application, the displacement value vector sum is obtained by accumulating the displacement values of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present application, the optical signal includes visible light, ultraviolet light, or infrared light.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present application, an optical performance optimization device for a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles is provided, comprising: an initialization unit for setting initial values of characteristic parameters of the PVB film, the characteristic parameters including the thickness of the PVB film, and setting emission parameters of a light signal emitted to the PVB film; a calculation unit for calculating the optical parameters of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, and obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value after each collision of the light signal with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film; and calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values after the light signal collides with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film multiple times, and determining one or more of the transmittance, reflectivity and absorptivity of the PVB film to the light signal based on the number of collisions, the vector sum of the displacement values and the thickness of the PVB film to obtain the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film; an optimization unit for changing the values of one or more of the characteristic parameters of the PVB film, and repeatedly calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values so that the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film meets the specified requirements.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is also provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory, in which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned method for optimizing the optical properties of the PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned method for optimizing the optical properties of the PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor executes the above-mentioned method for optimizing the optical properties of the PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles.

[0022] The PVB film with the preferred thickness, VO2 particle size and content combination obtained by the method described in the present application can be used as the middle layer of high-quality automotive laminated windshields. It can provide the desired infrared transmittance under different ambient temperatures while ensuring that ultraviolet rays and visible light meet the national standards, making the interior of the car more susceptible to infrared thermal radiation in winter and isolating infrared rays in summer to reduce the heat load in the car. This can reduce the power and energy used by the car's air conditioner and help extend the car's range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 FIG2 illustrates a flow chart of a method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having VO2 particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2AFIG2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between a PVB film and a light signal according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2B The figure shows a schematic diagram of determining the transmittance, reflectance and absorptivity of the PVB film to a light signal according to the optical performance optimization method of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 FIG2 is a schematic diagram showing the complex refractive index of vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of the scattering of light signals by vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the extinction of a light signal by vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the visible light transmittance of the PVB film according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 7 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the infrared transmittance of the PVB film according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between characteristic parameters according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0032] Figure 9 FIG2 illustrates a block diagram of a device for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having VO2 particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 10 The figure shows a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application is further described below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the examples are only used to further illustrate and explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Although methods and materials similar or identical to those described herein may be used in experiments or practical applications, the materials and methods are described herein below. In the event of a conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will prevail. In addition, the materials, methods, and examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. The present application is further described below with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0036] Application Overview

[0037] As mentioned above, in order to address the deficiencies in theoretical design and optimization methods for the transmission capacity of the windshield intermediate layer in terms of various optical signal transmission capabilities, this application proposes an optimization design method for VO2 particle optically modified PVB from the perspective of physical optics and materials science. Based on this method, those skilled in the art can determine the optimal particle size and content of VO2 particles in the PVB film under a given PVB film thickness, so that the PVB film can provide the transmission capacity of light of specific wavelengths above and below a specific phase change temperature, thereby meeting the actual thermal control needs of the automobile windshield.

[0038] First, based on the complex refractive index of VO2 and its relative complex refractive index to PVB, the Mie scattering theory is used to calculate the scattering characteristics of individual VO2 particles of different sizes at and above the phase transition temperature. Specific parameters include the scattering phase function, scattering cross section, and scattering efficiency. Since the complex refractive index of VO2 varies with the wavelength and temperature of light, the scattering characteristics of individual particles are related to the wavelength and temperature of light. Theoretical calculations found that the backscattering of VO2 particles for near-infrared light increases significantly, while there is little change in visible light. VO2 particles of different sizes scatter light differently. The described method establishes a macroscopic physical model of a film with randomly scattered particles incident on photons and proposes a Monte Carlo method for calculating the transmittance of the film. Since the Monte Carlo method is a calculation method based on probability statistics, its accuracy is related to the number of photons. The greater the number of photons, the higher the accuracy, but the calculation time also increases.

[0039] Furthermore, the method calculates the mean free path of photons based on the extinction cross section of a single particle and the particle concentration. The larger the sum of the extinction cross sections of all particles within a unit volume, the more likely a photon will collide with a particle, causing a change in its direction of motion. The scattering intensity distribution of photons is calculated based on the scattering phase function. When a photon collides with a particle, its scattering intensity in different directions of the phase function probably changes its direction of motion, according to the distribution of the scattering phase function. Furthermore, the probability of absorption of a photon upon collision with a particle is calculated based on the ratio of the scattering cross section to the extinction cross section. The lower the ratio, the higher the probability of absorption of the photon upon collision with the particle.

[0040] Finally, the Monte Carlo method was used to calculate the transmittance of PVB films of varying VO2 sizes and contents, and thicknesses. This was integrated across the solar spectrum to determine the transmittance of visible light and infrared light above and below the phase transition temperature. This method, targeting PVB's infrared control capabilities, allows for the rapid and accurate selection of appropriate parameter combinations within the constraints of given visible light transmittance.

[0041] After introducing the basic principles of the present application, various non-limiting embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Exemplary Methods

[0043] Figure 1 FIG2 is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the optical properties of PVB having vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for optimizing the optical properties of PVB with vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps.

[0045] Step S110 sets initial values for characteristic parameters of the PVB film, including PVB film thickness, and sets transmission parameters for the optical signal transmitted toward the PVB film. In actual windshield manufacturing, the dimensions of the PVB interlayer are typically limited by multiple factors, such as impact resistance, optical distortion, and lamination process limitations. The area and thickness of the PVB interlayer cannot be excessively large or small. Therefore, before considering the PVB transmittance parameter, the required thickness is typically determined. The characteristics of other parameters are then tested based on this determined thickness (or thickness range).

[0046] The optical properties of the PVB interlayer can be modulated by applying an external electric or magnetic field. However, optical control through the addition of energy-consuming electromagnetic components is not a preferred method for automobiles, as it actually increases the vehicle's energy consumption. In contrast, VO2 is an active phase change material that can be used in conjunction with glass to define optical properties and automatically adjust the optical properties through phase transitions above and below the phase transition temperature. In particular, VO2 is easily oxidized to vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) in humid environments, making it less ideal for direct coating on the glass surface. Using it in the PVB film as the interlayer of the glass to avoid contact with the outside world is a more preferred option. Therefore, the VO2 particles within the PVB can be used as a feature to adjust the light transmittance of the PVB film, with the main parameters including particle size and particle content.

[0047] After determining the material parameters for modulating the optical properties of the windshield, the interaction between incident light and the material must be considered. This is because the conditions under which sunlight strikes the PVB film in real-world scenarios vary, such as intensity and angle. When transmitting light signals to the PVB film with VO2 particles, it is necessary to consider the effect of the light source's influence on the film's transmission properties at varying distances and angles.

[0048] In particular, at the same weight, micron-sized VO2 particles exhibit significantly higher average volumetric heat loss per unit volume to electromagnetic waves than VO2 particles with a diameter of less than 150nm, resulting in lower optical control capabilities. Therefore, the method described herein preferably uses VO2 nanoparticles with an average particle size of no more than 150nm.

[0049] That is, according to the embodiment of the present application, the characteristic parameters also include: the radius of VO2 particles in the film, the content of VO2 particles in the film; the emission parameters include: the number of photons, the emission distance, and the film incident angle.

[0050] In step S120, the optical parameters of the light signal after each collision with the VO2 particles in the PVB film are calculated, obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value after each collision. In step S130, the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values after multiple collisions of the light signal with the VO2 particles in the PVB film are calculated. Based on the number of collisions, the vector sum of the displacement values, and the PVB film thickness, one or more of the transmittance, reflectivity, and absorptivity of the PVB film for the light signal are determined to obtain the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film. Calculation of the optical parameters of the collision between the light signal and the particles in the PVB film containing VO2 particles can be based on the Monte Carlo method, and parameter calculation is detailed below.

[0051] refer to Figure 2A The light signal (i.e., multiple photons) incident on one side of the film is incident on the surface of the PVB medium at z = 0 (the light incident position of the PVB film). The photons enter the PVB film at a certain incident angle and continue to move until they collide with the VO2 particles inside the PVB film and are scattered in different directions with different probabilities. After moving a certain distance, they collide with the VO2 particles again, and this cycle continues until: as shown by photon A, they pass through the PVB film from the interface z = t (the light exit interface of the PVB film, the PVB film thickness is set to t); or as shown by photon B, they pass back to the PVB film incident position from the z = 0 interface; or as shown by photon C, due to too many collisions in the PVB film, the photon's own energy is too low, and it can be considered that the photon is absorbed in the PVB film.

[0052] Thus, the ratios of the aforementioned three photon counts (A, B, and C) to the total number of photons in the optical signal represent the three optical performance parameters—transmittance T, reflectivity R, and absorptivity A—of the PVB film of a specific thickness, VO2 content, and particle size. No other conditions exist. For automotive windshields, the central PVB film must exhibit different optical performance parameters for different light signals. For example, the PVB film must have very low T and R values for UV light, but a high A value; a T value for visible light that meets national standards; and, as previously mentioned, a lower / higher T value for infrared light above / below the phase transition temperature, respectively.

[0053] That is, in the method according to the embodiment of the present application, the optical signal includes visible light, ultraviolet light or infrared light.

[0054] refer to Figure 2B The T value of the PVB film is the number of photons N of the light signal detected leaving the light exit interface z = t transThe ratio of the total number of photons in the optical signal, N. To determine whether a photon can leave the PVB film at z = t after multiple collisions with VO2 particles, and in particular, whether a photon can leave the PVB film at z = t before being absorbed and disappearing due to excessive collisions, it is necessary to calculate the displacement value of the photon after each collision with the VO2 particle and determine whether the photon is transmitted through the film structure or absorbed by the film structure based on the relationship between the total travel length after multiple collisions (i.e., the sum of the multiple displacement components in the direction of the PVB film thickness t) and the PVB film thickness t.

[0055] Specifically, the key parameters for calculating the photon displacement value include the movement distance l and the scattering angle after each collision. The key parameter for determining whether a photon is absorbed before leaving the membrane structure due to excessive collisions is the upper limit of the number of collisions P. thres Assuming the displacement value of the photon is the displacement length along the thickness direction of the PVB film, the displacement value is related to the movement distance l and the scattering angle. The relationship between them is:

[0056]

[0057] It is easy to know that the total travel length of the photon after p+1 collisions with VO2 particles is:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] That is, according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, the optical parameters include: movement distance and scattering angle direction cosine value; obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value of the light signal after each collision in the PVB film includes: setting the initial value of the collision number to zero, and increasing the collision number by one after each collision of the light signal with the VO2 particles; calculating the displacement value after each collision of the light signal with the VO2 particles based on its movement distance and scattering angle direction cosine value, and the direction of the displacement value is parallel to the thickness direction of the PVB film.

[0061] Therefore, we first need to calculate the distance l that the photon moves after each collision. The mean free path l of the photon free It is the average distance traveled between two collisions between a photon and a dielectric particle (such as a VO2 particle in the embodiment of the present application), and its value is the reciprocal of the sum of the extinction cross sections of all dielectric particles in the collision volume:

[0062]

[0063] Where ρ is the concentration of VO2 particles, that is, the number of VO2 particles per unit volume of PVB film, C extis the extinction cross section of VO2 particles.

[0064] That is, according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, the movement distance (i.e., the mean free path of photons) is the average movement distance between every two collisions between the light signal and the VO2 particles; the average movement distance is determined by the extinction cross-section of the VO2 particles colliding with the light signal to the light signal and the concentration of VO2 particles in the PVB film.

[0065] Specifically, the concentration of VO2 particles in the PVB film is accurately calculated using the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] in, ρ PVB are the densities of VO2 particles and PVB material, r is the radius of VO2 particles, and ω is the mass fraction of VO2 particles. According to Mie scattering theory, the extinction cross section represents the equivalent area of energy dissipation of the incident light signal by VO2 particles. The larger the extinction cross section, the greater the degree of absorption and scattering of photons by VO2 particles; Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the extinction cross section size of VO2 particles with different radii in the ultraviolet to infrared band is shown as an example, where T MIT represents the phase transition temperature. The extinction cross section can be calculated from the extinction power (the total energy loss caused by absorption and scattering when a photon passes through a single VO2 particle):

[0068]

[0069] Among them, W ext is the extinction power of VO2 particles, I i is the electromagnetic field intensity when the light signal enters the PVB film, k is the wave number of the light signal, a n and b n are the scattering coefficients of the electric dipole moment and the magnetic dipole moment, respectively, which can be calculated by the following formula:

[0070]

[0071] Where m is the complex refractive index of the VO2 particle, whose value is m=n1+ik1, n1 is the real refractive index, reflecting the different propagation speeds of electromagnetic waves in different materials, k1 is the extinction coefficient, indicating the obstruction of different materials to the propagation of electromagnetic waves (i.e., absorption and scattering); x is the size parameter of the VO2 particle, whose value is x=2πr / λ, r is the radius of the VO2 particle, and λ is the wavelength of the light signal; n is the order of the scattering coefficient (0~∞); Ψ n With ξ nis the Ricatti-Bessel function. The complex refractive index of VO2 particles varies greatly between the phase transition temperature (hot) and the phase transition temperature (cold), especially in the infrared band, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0072] By specifying the wavelength of the light signal and the ambient temperature, the average distance traveled by each photon per collision in the PVB film can be calculated using multi-parameters. Since the numerous small-sized VO2 particles in the PVB medium can be assumed to be uniformly distributed, the ratio of the number of uncollided photons to the total number of photons follows a uniform distribution in the PVB film. The distance traveled after a photon collision can be calculated based on the average distance traveled, using the ratio of the uniformly distributed number of uncollided photons to the total number of photons as a random number:

[0073]

[0074] Where N0 is the number of photons that did not collide at the collision starting point in a particular collision, and N is the total number of photons. After any collision, the ratio of the two is uniformly distributed from the starting point of that collision to the starting point of the next collision. Thus, the actual distance traveled by the photons can be calculated based on the average distance traveled using this random number representation of the photon collisions.

[0075] After determining the movement distance, it is also necessary to obtain the scattering angle after the photon collision to calculate its true displacement along the thickness direction of the PVB film, so as to determine whether the photon can be emitted from the PVB film through the interface z=t before being absorbed (i.e., transmission occurs). Figure 4 The scattering polar coordinates of VO2 particles with a radius of 50nm in the 1000nm infrared band above / below the phase transition temperature are shown. Due to the different complex refractive index above / below the phase transition temperature, the forward scattering and backward scattering characteristics of photons are different. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the scattering angle generated by each photon after each collision. More precisely, it is necessary to calculate the scattering angle of the photon after each collision with the medium particle (such as the VO2 particle in the embodiment of the present application). Direction cosines

[0076] Specifically, when a photon collides with a VO2 particle for the p+1th time, the photon will leave the particle with a scattering angle θ and an azimuth angle Ψ with the incident direction, and its direction cosine in the z direction is thus given by becomes It is particularly important to note that, considering the size relationship between photons, VO2 particles and PVB film at most locations on the windshield, the PVB film can be considered to be infinite in the x and y directions perpendicular to its thickness, so the direction cosines in the x and y directions can be ignored. for:

[0077]

[0078] That is, according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, the direction cosine value of the scattering angle is determined by the angular parameters of the previous collision between the light signal and the VO2 particle; the angular parameters include: the relationship between the scattering intensity of the VO2 particle and the scattering angle of the light signal, and the azimuth angle after the light signal collides with the VO2 particle.

[0079] It is easy to see that the magnitude of the scattering angle direction cosine after a photon collision is related to the scattering angle direction cosine value generated by the previous collision. It is necessary to calculate the exact scattering angle direction cosine value generated by each collision through recursive calculation. In particular, here θ can be understood as the independent variable of the phase function of the scattering of a single VO2 particle. The phase function can be used to reflect the relationship between the scattering angle θ generated by the collision and the scattering intensity of the VO2 particle:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, S1 and S2 are functions of cosθ respectively:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Among them, π n , τ n Legendre function P n The derivative of (cosθ) with respect to cosθ and the first-order associated Legendre function The derivative of θ is:

[0085]

[0086] And, Q sca The scattering efficiency is the ability of VO2 particles to scatter the energy of incident light signals. The larger the value, the greater the degree of scattering of photons by VO2 particles. The scattering cross section of VO2 particles is usually expressed by its scattering cross section C. sca calculate:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, W sca is the scattering power of VO2 particles. Therefore, the phase function P(θ) is discretized (1° interval) and normalized, and the scattering angle θ and the azimuth angle Ψ are determined by combining the same idea as above to calculate the distance of the photon by introducing a random number that follows a uniform distribution, and the relationship shown in the following equation is obtained:

[0089]

[0090] Here, β is also a random number that follows a uniform distribution. Therefore, the scattering angle θ can be approximated to 2πn° / 360. Similarly, γ is set to another uniformly distributed random number. Since the azimuth angle Ψ itself is a random value in the interval [0, 2π), Ψ can be set to 2πγ. Thus, the direction cosine value of the scattering angle of the photon after each collision with the VO2 particle is obtained.

[0091] After calculating the movement distance and scattering angle direction cosine value used to determine the position of the photon in the PVB film, the upper limit of the number of photon collisions P needs to be calculated. thres When this upper limit is reached, it can be considered that the photon is absorbed by the PVB film and fails to transmit. Each time the photon collides with the medium particle (such as the VO2 particle in the embodiment of the present application), it will lose C abs / C ext The remaining energy is the original C sca / C ext . It should be noted that C abs C is the absorption cross section of VO2 particles, which indicates the ability of VO2 particles to absorb the energy of incident light signals. The larger the value, the higher the degree of photon absorption of VO2 particles. abs The value of C ext with C sca In an embodiment of the method described in this application, the number of photon collisions reaches P thres When the energy is lower than 10 -6 (It can be considered that it is completely absorbed by the PVB film), so the calculation formula for the upper limit of the number of collisions is obtained:

[0092]

[0093] At this point, the motion distance, scattering angle direction cosine value, and upper limit of collision times required to solve the displacement value vector sum of the light signal after multiple collisions and the state of the light signal are obtained. In particular, in the present application, the number of photons of the light signal can be preferably 5000. The T value calculated when testing the PVB film at this photon number has good repeatability and high computational efficiency. Continuing to refer to Figure 2, it can be seen that when the photon leaves the PVB film at z = t and does not reach the upper limit of the collision times, it can be determined that it has been successfully transmitted; when the photon reaches the upper limit of the collision times and the sum of its displacement value vector does not exceed the size of z = t, it can be determined that it has been absorbed; and when the sum of the displacement value vector of the photon is not greater than 0 (that is, it leaves the PVB film from z = 0), it can be determined that it has been reflected.

[0094] That is, according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, determining one or more of the transmittance, reflectance and absorptivity of the PVB film to the light signal based on the number of collisions, the sum of the displacement value vectors and the thickness of the PVB film includes: calculating the upper limit of the number of collisions of the light signal, and in response to: the number of collisions is less than the upper limit of the number of collisions and the sum of the displacement value vectors is not less than the thickness of the PVB film, calculating the transmittance of the PVB film based on the number of outgoing photons of the light signal; the sum of the displacement value vectors is not greater than 0, calculating the reflectivity of the PVB film based on the number of outgoing photons of the light signal; and calculating the absorptivity of the PVB film if the number of collisions is not less than the upper limit of the number of collisions and the sum of the displacement value vectors is not greater than the thickness of the PVB film.

[0095] Furthermore, according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, calculating the upper limit of the number of collisions of the optical signal includes: determining the scattering cross-section and the extinction cross-section of the VO2 particles to the optical signal; and determining the upper limit of the number of collisions based on the relationship between the scattering cross-section and the extinction cross-section.

[0096] Furthermore, in the method according to an embodiment of the present application, the displacement value vector sum is obtained by accumulating the displacement values of the light signal after each collision with the VO2 particles in the PVB film.

[0097] In this way, by recording the final state of each photon, the overall transmittance, reflectance and absorptivity of the optical signal can be obtained. This can be used to quantify the transmittance level of the PVB film for a set specific wavelength optical signal at a set specific temperature, thereby theoretically determining the feasibility of using the PVB film for the middle layer of automobile windshields. There is no need for physical testing, which reduces testing costs from the perspective of avoiding waste of consumables.

[0098] Step S140 changes one or more of the PVB film's characteristic parameters, repeatedly calculating the number of collisions and the sum of the displacement vectors to ensure that the PVB film's optical signal transmission performance meets the specified requirements. Before changing the characteristic parameters, it is necessary to clearly understand the specific impact of each parameter on the film's transmittance, and then appropriately adjust the characteristic parameter combination to achieve the desired PVB performance. The Beer-Lambert law shows that the relationship between the transmittance T of the optical signal and the concentration of dielectric particles in the optical path and the optical path length is:

[0099] T(λ)≡I(λ) / I0(λ)=e -kωt

[0100] (Formula 19)

[0101] Where k is the proportional coefficient between the light intensity of the incident light signal and the outgoing light signal. It can be seen that the values of the VO2 particle concentration ω and the film thickness t in the embodiment of the present application are inversely correlated with the film transmittance. Therefore, if ω*t is kept constant under the same wavelength light signal, the film transmission spectrum will also remain consistent. It can be obtained that the two characteristic parameters of film thickness and vanadium dioxide particle content in the film are equivalent in regulating the transmittance of the PVB film, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0102] The characteristic parameter combination of the PVB film with VO2 particles that is desired to be obtained by the method described in this application has the following requirements: the visible light transmittance in all seasons is higher than the limit value, and the change in infrared transmittance in summer and winter reaches the maximum. In addition, the method described in this application can also set the requirement for the minimum reduction in ultraviolet transmittance in all seasons. After the thickness of the PVB film is specified by the method described in this application, the particle size and content of the VO2 particles are adjusted, that is, the particle size and content of the VO2 particles are used as independent variables, the difference in the infrared transmittance of the film at / above the phase change temperature is used as the dependent variable, and the film thickness and the visible light transmittance of the film are used as constraints. The independent variable combination that makes the dependent variable reach the optimal value under the constraints is calculated.

[0103] That is, according to the method of the embodiment of the present application, changing the value of one or more of the characteristic parameters of the PVB film so that the optical signal transmittance performance of the PVB film meets the specified requirements includes: establishing a multivariable function based on the characteristic parameters, setting the specified requirements as constraints of the multivariable function; calculating the combination of the characteristic parameters so that the multivariable function meets the constraints; and obtaining the values of the characteristic parameters in the combination of the characteristic parameters when the multivariable function meets the constraints.

[0104] In one example, Figure 6 The upper and lower figures show the visible light transmittance of the PVB film with t = 0.38 mm at the phase transition temperature and at the phase transition temperature under different VO2 particle radius and content, respectively, wherein the constraint condition is that it is not lower than the plane perpendicular to the transmittance (%) axis, and the value of this plane on the transmittance (%) axis can be, for example, 70%, 75%, etc.; In addition, the method described in this application determines that the infrared transmittance of the film with t = 0.38 mm at the phase transition temperature / above has a peak, as shown Figure 7 As shown in the figure, under this thickness constraint, the maximum difference in infrared light transmittance between the upper and lower phase transition temperatures of the film is 64.18%, while the corresponding minimum visible light transmittance of the film is only 40.64%. This shows that the method described in this application can determine the upper limit of the film's infrared light control capability under the constraint condition and the optimal values of the corresponding characteristic parameters.

[0105] In this way, the optical performance optimization method of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles according to the embodiment of the present application can quickly calculate and obtain the optimal characteristic parameter combination of the PVB film, which can effectively reduce the cost of testing the size and content of vanadium dioxide in the existing actual windshield production process, and help improve the efficiency of the actual production process; in addition, with respect to the restrictive requirements of different countries and regions for visible light regulation of windshields, the method described in the present application can also quickly determine the PVB film thickness, VO2 size and content applicable to different restrictive requirements, avoiding the problem of needing to readjust and repeat experiments during production, which is conducive to cost reduction and efficiency improvement on a larger scale.

[0106] Exemplary devices

[0107] Figure 9 FIG2 is a block diagram of a device for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0108] like Figure 9 As shown, the optical performance optimization device of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles according to the embodiment of the present application includes the following modules.

[0109] An initialization unit 210 is configured to set initial values of characteristic parameters of the PVB film, the characteristic parameters including the thickness of the PVB film, and emission parameters for setting an optical signal emitted toward the PVB film. A calculation unit 220 is configured to calculate optical parameters of the optical signal after each collision with vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, thereby obtaining a number of collisions and a displacement value after each collision of the optical signal with vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film. Furthermore, the calculation unit 220 is configured to calculate the number of collisions and a vector sum of displacement values after the optical signal collides with vanadium dioxide particles multiple times in the PVB film, and determine one or more of the transmittance, reflectivity, and absorptivity of the PVB film with respect to the optical signal based on the number of collisions, the vector sum of displacement values, and the thickness of the PVB film, thereby obtaining optical signal transmission performance of the PVB film. An optimization unit 230 is configured to change the values of one or more characteristic parameters of the PVB film and repeatedly calculate the number of collisions and the vector sum of displacement values so that the optical signal transmission performance of the PVB film meets specified requirements.

[0110] Here, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the specific functions and operations of the various units and modules in the optical performance optimization device 200 for the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles have been described above with reference to FIG. Figure 1 The method for optimizing the optical properties of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles has been described in detail, and therefore, its repeated description will be omitted.

[0111] In addition, the above-mentioned optical performance optimization device 200 for the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles can be electrically connected and used in conjunction with a light source (such as a thermal radiation light source, a gas discharge light source, a semiconductor light source, etc.) and a photoelectric detection device (such as a spectrophotometer, a glass transmittance detector, etc.) so as to verify the effectiveness of the above-mentioned optical performance optimization device 200 for the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles and the optical performance optimization method for the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles in optimizing the characteristic parameters of the PVB film through the above-mentioned light source and photoelectric detection device.

[0112] As described above, the optical performance optimization device 200 for a PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application can be implemented in various terminal devices, for example, to store characteristic parameters, emission parameters, and the like. In some examples, the optical performance optimization device 200 for a PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles according to an embodiment of the present application can be integrated into a terminal device as a software module and / or a hardware module. For example, the optical performance optimization device 200 for a PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles can be a software module within the terminal device's operating system, or can be an application developed specifically for the terminal device. Of course, the optical performance optimization device 200 for a PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles can also be one of the terminal device's many hardware modules.

[0113] Alternatively, in other examples, the optical performance optimization device 200 of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles and the terminal device can also be separate devices, and the optical performance optimization device 200 of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles can be connected to the terminal device via a wired and / or wireless network and transmit interactive information in accordance with an agreed data format.

[0114] Exemplary electronic devices

[0115] Below, reference Figure 10 To describe the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0116] Figure 10 The figure shows a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0117] like Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes one or more processors 11 and a memory 12 .

[0118] The processor 13 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other forms of processing units having data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device 10 to perform desired functions.

[0119] The memory 12 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. Volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory (cache), etc. Non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 11 may execute the program instructions to implement the optical performance optimization method of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles of each embodiment of the present application described above and / or other desired functions. Various contents such as characteristic parameters, emission parameters, constraints, etc. may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0120] In one example, the electronic device 10 may further include an input device 13 and an output device 14 , and these components are interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).

[0121] The input device 13 may include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.

[0122] The output device 14 can output various information to the outside, including calibration coefficients obtained through linear regression, etc. The output device 14 can include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, a communication network and its connected remote output device, etc.

[0123] Of course, to simplify, Figure 10 Only some of the components related to the present application in the electronic device 10 are shown, and components such as a bus, an input / output interface, etc. are omitted. In addition, the electronic device 10 may further include any other appropriate components according to specific application scenarios.

[0124] Exemplary computer program products and computer-readable storage media

[0125] In addition to the above-mentioned methods and devices, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer program product, which includes computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to execute the steps of the method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles according to various embodiments of the present application described in the above "Exemplary Method" section of this specification.

[0126] The computer program product may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages to implement the program code for performing the operations of the embodiments of the present application, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages such as C, Python, or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.

[0127] In addition, an embodiment of the present application may also be a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, enables the processor to execute the steps of the method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to various embodiments of the present application described in the above "Exemplary Method" section of this specification.

[0128] The computer-readable storage medium can adopt any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can, for example, include but is not limited to a system, device or component of electricity, magnetism, light, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0129] Example

[0130] This application provides general and / or specific descriptions of the materials and experimental methods used in the experiments. Reagents or instruments used without manufacturer indication are all commercially available conventional products.

[0131] Example 1

[0132] Based on the optical performance optimization method for PVB film containing vanadium dioxide particles described in this application, characteristic parameters of the PVB film with optimal infrared control capabilities were calculated under the constraint of no visible light transmittance requirement. The optimal combination of PVB film thickness, VO2 particle size, and content was determined to maximize the difference in infrared light transmittance between the PVB film and the VO2 phase transition temperature, thereby optimizing its infrared control capabilities.

[0133] Calculations show that the optimal combination of PVB film thickness t, VO2 particle size r and VO2 content ω is: t = 0.38mm, r = 40nm, ω = 0.2wt%, or t = 0.76mm, r = 40nm, ω = 0.1wt%; under this characteristic parameter combination, the difference in infrared transmittance of the PVB film at / above the phase change temperature reaches a maximum of 64.1835%.

[0134] Example 2

[0135] According to the optical performance optimization method of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles in the present application, the calculation constraint conditions are: the optimal PVB film with infrared control ability has a transmittance in the visible light region of not less than 70%.

[0136] Calculations revealed that the optimal combinations of PVB film thickness t, VO2 particle size r, and VO2 content ω are: t = 0.38 mm, r = 40 nm, ω = 0.08 wt%, or t = 0.76 mm, r = 40 nm, ω = 0.04 wt%. Compared to Example 1, this PVB film exhibits improved visible light transmittance but decreased infrared control capability. This PVB film can be used as an interlayer for automotive windshields meeting national standards.

[0137] Example 3

[0138] According to the optical performance optimization method of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles in the present application, the calculation constraint conditions are: the optimal PVB film with infrared control ability has a transmittance in the visible light region of not less than 60%.

[0139] Calculations revealed that the optimal combinations of PVB film thickness t, VO2 particle size r, and VO2 content ω are: t = 0.38 mm, r = 40 nm, ω = 0.10 wt%, or t = 0.76 mm, r = 40 nm, ω = 0.05 wt%. Compared to Example 2, this PVB film exhibits reduced visible light transmittance but improved infrared control capability. This PVB film can be used as an interlayer in laminated glass other than automotive windshields, meeting national standards.

[0140] Example 4

[0141] According to the optical performance optimization method of the PVB film with vanadium dioxide particles of the present application, the calculation constraint conditions are: the optimal PVB film with infrared control ability has a transmittance in the visible light region of not less than 50%.

[0142] Calculations revealed that the optimal combinations of PVB film thickness t, VO2 particle size r, and VO2 content ω are: t = 0.38 mm, r = 40 nm, ω = 0.15 wt%, or t = 0.76 mm, r = 40 nm, ω = 0.08 wt%. Compared to Example 3, this PVB film exhibits reduced visible light transmittance but improved infrared control capability. This PVB film can be used as an interlayer for automotive windshields other than front windshields, meeting national standards.

[0143] It should be noted that the VO2 particle size r in Examples 1 to 4 is set to 40 nm. This is because it is difficult to control the particle size of VO2 nanoparticles to a precise value in actual production. Therefore, the total average particle size of the large number of VO2 nanoparticles in the PVB film can be set to 40 nm and the optimal film thickness and particle content can be determined by the method described in this application to facilitate the manufacture of this type of PVB film.

[0144] The PVB film with VO2 nanoparticles in the above-mentioned Examples to Example 4 has a difference in infrared light transmittance above / before the VO2 phase transition temperature that is greater than 20%, so that a car using it as the middle layer of the windshield has a significant difference in heat storage in the car in winter and summer, thereby helping to reduce the use of temperature control devices such as air conditioners and improve the car's endurance.

[0145] The basic principles of the present application have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, and effects mentioned in this application are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and it should not be assumed that these advantages, strengths, and effects are required of each embodiment of this application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are merely illustrative and facilitating understanding, and are not restrictive. The above details do not limit this application to necessarily being implemented using the above specific details.

[0146] The block diagrams of the devices, devices, equipment, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, devices, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, or configured in any manner. Words such as "include," "comprise," "have," and the like are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably therewith, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith.

[0147] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device, and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined, and such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0148] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0149] The above description has been provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles, comprising: Setting initial values of characteristic parameters of the PVB film, the characteristic parameters including the thickness of the PVB film, and setting emission parameters of the light signal emitted toward the PVB film; Calculating optical parameters of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, and obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film; Calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of displacement values of the light signal after multiple collisions between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, and determining one or more of the transmittance, reflectivity, and absorptivity of the PVB film to the light signal based on the number of collisions, the vector sum of displacement values, and the thickness of the PVB film to obtain light signal transmission performance of the PVB film; One or more values of the characteristic parameters of the PVB film are changed, and the number of collisions and the sum of the displacement value vectors are repeatedly calculated so that the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film meets the specified requirements.

2. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 1, wherein: The characteristic parameters also include: the radius of the vanadium dioxide particles in the film, the content of the vanadium dioxide particles in the film; The emission parameters include: number of photons, emission distance, and film incident angle.

3. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 1, wherein: The optical parameters include: movement distance and scattering angle direction cosine value; Obtaining the number of collisions and the displacement value after each collision of the light signal in the PVB film includes: Setting the initial value of the collision number to zero, and increasing the collision number by one after each collision between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particle; After each collision of the light signal with the vanadium dioxide particles, a displacement value after the collision is calculated based on the movement distance and the direction cosine value of the scattering angle, and the direction of the displacement value is parallel to the thickness direction of the PVB film.

4. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 3, wherein: The movement distance is the average movement distance between two collisions between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particles; The average movement distance is determined by the extinction cross section of the vanadium dioxide particles colliding with the light signal and the volume of the PVB film.

5. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 3, wherein: The scattering angle direction cosine value is determined by the angular parameter of the previous collision between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particle; The angular parameters include: a relationship between the scattering intensity of the vanadium dioxide particles and the scattering angle of the light signal, and an azimuth angle after the light signal collides with the vanadium dioxide particles.

6. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 1, wherein: Determining one or more of transmittance, reflectivity, and absorptivity of the PVB film to the light signal based on the number of collisions, the displacement value vector sum, and the PVB film thickness includes: Calculate the upper limit of the number of collisions of the optical signal, In response to the number of collisions being less than the upper limit of the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values being not less than the thickness of the PVB film, calculating the transmittance of the PVB film based on the number of outgoing photons of the light signal; In response to the displacement value vector sum being not greater than 0, calculating the reflectivity of the PVB film based on the number of outgoing photons of the light signal; and In response to the collision number being no less than the collision number upper limit and the displacement value vector sum being no greater than the PVB film thickness, the absorption rate of the PVB film is calculated.

7. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 6, wherein: Calculating the upper limit of the number of collisions of the optical signal includes: determining a scattering cross section and an extinction cross section of the vanadium dioxide particles to the light signal; The upper limit of the number of collisions is determined based on a relationship between the scattering cross section and the extinction cross section.

8. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 1, wherein: Repeatedly calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of the displacement values so that the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film meets the specified requirements includes: Establishing a multivariable function based on the characteristic parameters, and setting the prescribed requirements as constraints of the multivariable function; Calculating and obtaining a combination of the characteristic parameters so that the multivariable function meets the constraint conditions; The value of the characteristic parameter in the combination of the characteristic parameters when the multivariable function meets the constraint condition is obtained.

9. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to claim 1, wherein: The displacement value vector sum is obtained by accumulating the displacement values of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film.

10. The method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The optical signal includes visible light, ultraviolet light or infrared light.

11. An optical performance optimization device for a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles, comprising: an initialization unit, configured to set initial values of characteristic parameters of the PVB film, the characteristic parameters including the thickness of the PVB film, and emission parameters of the light signal emitted toward the PVB film; a calculation unit, configured to calculate optical parameters of the light signal after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, and obtain a number of collisions and a displacement value after each collision with the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film; as well as Calculating the number of collisions and the vector sum of displacement values of the light signal after multiple collisions between the light signal and the vanadium dioxide particles in the PVB film, and determining one or more of the transmittance, reflectivity, and absorptivity of the PVB film to the light signal based on the number of collisions, the vector sum of displacement values, and the thickness of the PVB film to obtain light signal transmission performance of the PVB film; The optimization unit changes one or more values of characteristic parameters of the PVB film and repeatedly calculates the number of collisions and the vector sum of displacement values so that the light signal transmission performance of the PVB film meets specified requirements.

12. An electronic device comprising: processor; as well as A memory having computer program instructions stored therein, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the processor is enabled to execute the method for optimizing the optical properties of the PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable the processor to perform the method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the processor is caused to execute the method for optimizing the optical properties of a PVB film having vanadium dioxide particles according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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