Control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity in waste incineration deacidification process

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity in the waste incineration deacidification process, and relates to the technical field of waste incineration flue gas purification. The method comprises the steps that real-time parameters in the waste incineration process are obtained; correcting and calculating atmospheric parameters; calculating relative humidity in real time; dynamically optimizing and adjusting the dosage of a deacidification agent according to the atmospheric parameters and the relative humidity; the executing mechanism is used for adding the deacidification agent according to the adjusted adding amount of the deacidification agent. According to the control method based on the atmospheric parameters and the relative humidity in the waste incineration deacidification process, dynamic optimization of the adding amount of the deacidification agent is achieved through a coupling calculation model integrating the atmospheric pressure, the temperature and the altitude, the deacidification efficiency is improved, and agent consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration flue gas purification, and in particular to a control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during a waste incineration deacidification process. Background Art

[0002] Semi-dry deacidification is widely used in waste incineration flue gas deacidification due to its high efficiency and zero wastewater discharge. However, existing technologies mainly rely on PID control or feedforward feedback control of the acid gas concentration and temperature in the flue gas, which has the following drawbacks:

[0003] Lack of humidity control items: The existing method does not accurately quantify the impact of flue gas humidity on the deacidification reaction. It only adjusts the deacidification agent dosage through the outlet pollutant emission indicators and the outlet temperature of the reaction tower, resulting in large fluctuations in reaction efficiency.

[0004] Lack of atmospheric parameter compensation: Ignoring the effects of altitude and air pressure on flue gas humidity and reaction balance, excessive deacidification agent addition or insufficient reaction may occur at high altitudes or in scenarios with fluctuating air pressure.

[0005] Insufficient multivariable coupling control: A linkage control model for humidity, temperature, and acid gas concentration has not been established, making it difficult to cope with dynamic changes under complex working conditions.

[0006] Patent CN113041808B discloses a method and control system for controlling the lime slurry and cooling water dosage in a deacidification tower. This system dynamically adjusts the lime slurry and cooling water dosages based on flue gas acid gas (HCl, SO2) concentration and temperature data, employing fuzzy rules combined with a PID algorithm. The core steps include calculating the theoretical desuperheating water consumption based on the inlet and target outlet temperatures, and applying outlet temperature feedback corrections. The lime slurry dosage is then determined using fuzzy control based on the real-time concentration and rate of change of the acid gas at the chimney outlet. The system architecture includes concentration acquisition, theoretical calculation, correction value calculation, and actuator modules, implementing feedforward-feedback hybrid control.

[0007] However, the above method does not establish a direct quantitative model for humidity and reagent dosage; the atmospheric parameter compensation is insufficient, and the influence of altitude and air pressure on the saturated partial pressure of water vapor and reaction equilibrium is not considered. The control accuracy decreases in high altitude or pressure fluctuation scenarios; it relies on empirical parameters, and the fuzzy rules and PID parameters need to be manually debugged. The adaptability to complex working conditions is limited, and problems such as excessive reagent addition or insufficient reaction may occur.

[0008] Invention patent CN108549223B discloses a method for controlling the humidification water ratio in a semi-dry flue gas desulfurization process. This method employs a feedforward-feedback cascade system, using the absorber outlet temperature as the feedback signal. The system also incorporates the desulfurizer flow rate and furnace radiation energy signal as feedforward. The system then optimizes the humidification water ratio using the RLS least squares algorithm to filter the radiation energy signal. The furnace radiation energy signal is incorporated to reflect changes in fuel quantity, improving system response speed. A self-optimizing DE algorithm is used to tune PID parameters to adapt to fluctuating operating conditions.

[0009] However, the above method is highly complex. The RLS algorithm and DE parameter adjustment increase the system computing load, require high hardware and data processing capabilities, and have high project implementation costs. Environmental parameters are ignored, and the influence of environmental factors such as altitude and atmospheric pressure on the evaporation efficiency of humidification water is not integrated. Humidity control relies on a single indicator of temperature, and a multivariable coupling model is not formed. The applicable scenarios are limited, and the feedforward design for desulfurizer fluctuations does not fully consider the influence of water vapor content in flue gas on the reaction interface. Control lag is prone to occur in high humidity or low pressure environments.

[0010] Neither of these two methods establishes a quantitative correlation between atmospheric parameters, humidity, and reagent dosage. The former relies on indirect control based on temperature and acid gas concentration, while the latter focuses on feedforward compensation but ignores environmental parameters. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in the control methods used in waste incineration flue gas deacidification processes. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during the deacidification process of waste incineration, which realizes the optimized control of the deacidification agent by integrating the calculation model of atmospheric parameters and flue gas relative humidity.

[0012] A control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification, comprising:

[0013] Step S101: obtaining real-time parameters during the waste incineration process;

[0014] Step S102: Correct and calculate atmospheric parameters;

[0015] Step S103: Calculate relative humidity in real time;

[0016] Step S104: dynamically optimizing and adjusting the dosage of the deacidifying agent according to the atmospheric parameters and relative humidity;

[0017] Step S105: the actuator adds the deacidifying agent according to the adjusted dosage.

[0018] Preferably, in step S101, the real-time parameters include the flue gas temperature T at the reaction tower outlet, the flue gas pressure P at the reaction tower inlet, the water vapor content X in the flue gas, and the ambient altitude H.

[0019] Preferably, the step S102 includes:

[0020] Correct the atmospheric pressure according to the ambient altitude H and use the following formula to calculate the corrected atmospheric pressure:

[0021] P corr =Pk·H

[0022] Among them, P corr is the corrected atmospheric pressure, P is the flue gas pressure at the reaction tower inlet measured in real time by the pressure transmitter, k is the altitude pressure correction coefficient, and H is the ambient altitude obtained by the GPS positioning module.

[0023] Preferably, the step S103 includes:

[0024] Step S1031: Calculate the saturated vapor pressure P T ;

[0025] Step S1032: Calculate relative humidity PHI.

[0026] Preferably, in step S1031, the saturated vapor pressure P T The calculation formula is:

[0027]

[0028] T0 is the value obtained by normalizing the flue gas temperature T at the outlet of the reaction tower with the critical temperature of water 647.3K, T M1 It is obtained by subtracting T0 from 1. SUM is a comprehensive calculation item, from FK(1) to FK(5) and T M1 The coefficients FK(1) to FK(5) are obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data. D1 is obtained by combining T0 with the coefficients about T including FK(6) and FK(7). M1 The polynomials of are multiplied together to obtain the fitting coefficients. FK(6) and FK(7) are also fitting coefficients. The numerator of D2 is T M1 , the denominator is the sum of FK(8) and FK(9) and T M1 The correlation terms of , FK(8) and FK(9) are also fitting coefficients, and BK is obtained by performing exponential operation on SUM / D1-D2;

[0029] And / or, in step S1032, the calculation formula of relative humidity PHI is:

[0030]

[0031] Where X is the volume fraction of water vapor, P corr is the corrected atmospheric pressure.

[0032] Preferably, the step S104 includes:

[0033] Step S1041: Determine whether the relative humidity PHI is less than 6%. If so, increase the cooling water flow rate Q. water If not, reduce the cooling water flow Q water .

[0034] Preferably, the step S104 further includes:

[0035] Step S1041': Calculate the lime slurry dosage correction function f(PHI);

[0036] Step S1042 ′: dynamically adjusting the lime slurry dosage Qlime according to the lime slurry dosage correction function f(PHI).

[0037] Preferably, in step S1041, the cooling water flow rate adopts PID algorithm: ΔQ water =K p ·e PHI +K i ∫e PHI dt+K d (d ePHI / dt), where Kp is the proportional gain, Ki is the integral gain, Kd is the differential gain, and the relative humidity main loop control deviation e PHI =6-PHI;

[0038] And / or, in step S1041', the lime slurry dosage correction function f(PHI)=sech(0.38|PHI-6|);

[0039] And / or, in step S1042', the lime slurry dosage Qlime=Q lime理论 / f(PHI), where PHI ranges from 5 to 7.

[0040] Preferably, the step S104 further includes:

[0041] Step S1041": If the reaction tower outlet temperature Tout is less than 130°C, the system will no longer increase the amount of cooling water added.

[0042] Preferably, the step S105 includes:

[0043] Step S106: real-time monitoring of the waste incineration deacidification process;

[0044] Step S107: Determine whether optimization and adjustment are required. If not, go directly to step S101; if so, optimize the system parameters and then go to step S101.

[0045] The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during the waste incineration deacidification process of the present invention realizes dynamic optimization of the deacidification agent dosage by integrating a coupled calculation model of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and altitude, thereby improving deacidification efficiency and reducing agent consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the flow of the control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during the waste incineration deacidification process of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle of the control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity in the waste incineration deacidification process of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of parameter collection in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of atmospheric parameter correction and relative humidity calculation in the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a flow chart for adjusting the dosage of the deacidifying agent in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] The embodiment of the present invention provides a control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification. Figure 1-2 Shown, including:

[0055] Step S101: obtaining real-time parameters during the waste incineration process;

[0056] This step is real-time parameter collection, such as Figure 3 As shown, the following parameters can be obtained in real time through sensors:

[0057] Flue gas temperature T at the reaction tower outlet (unit: K): Use a thermocouple temperature sensor and install it at a stable and representative location where the flue gas flows at the reaction tower outlet. Since the temperature of the flow field inside the reaction tower is difficult to detect directly, the measured temperature here is closer to the temperature inside the reaction tower and is representative.

[0058] Flue gas pressure P at the reaction tower inlet (unit: Pa): A pressure transmitter is used and installed at the reaction tower inlet. It has high sensitivity and good stability to ensure the real-time and accuracy of pressure data.

[0059] Flue gas water vapor content (X) (%vol): The analyzer uses advanced differential ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) to measure the water vapor content in flue gas. This technique, based on the Lambert-Beer law, exploits the differences in the absorption characteristics of different gases at specific wavelengths of ultraviolet light to detect water vapor concentration. The analyzer boasts high sensitivity and selectivity, accurately measuring the water vapor content in flue gas. The measurement results are output in real time as a percentage of volume fraction. For example, if the measured value is 10,000 ppm, then X = 1%vol.

[0060] Ambient altitude H (unit: meters): The current altitude of the waste incineration plant is obtained through the GPS positioning module. Considering that altitude changes very little in the short term, to conserve system resources, the data update frequency is set to once / month.

[0061] This step can be implemented through the sensor module. Figure 3 The sensor module collects various parameters. First, the thermocouple temperature sensor, pressure transmitter, gas analyzer, and GPS positioning module begin operating, collecting data on the reactor flue gas temperature, pressure, water vapor content, and ambient altitude. The collected data is then transmitted via a data transmission line to the data processing module for further processing.

[0062] Step S102: Correct and calculate atmospheric parameters;

[0063] As an optional embodiment, step S102 includes:

[0064] Correct the atmospheric pressure according to the altitude H and calculate the corrected atmospheric pressure using the following formula:

[0065] P corr =Pk·H

[0066] Among them, P corr: Corrected atmospheric pressure (Pa). This is the pressure value obtained by taking into account the effect of altitude on the pressure of the flue gas measured at the reactor inlet, P. This value is used for the subsequent accurate calculation of relative humidity, because changes in altitude significantly affect atmospheric pressure, which in turn affects the partial pressure of water vapor in the flue gas and the relative humidity.

[0067] P: The flue gas pressure (Pa) at the reaction tower inlet measured in real time by the pressure transmitter is the actual measured value.

[0068] k: Altitude pressure correction factor (Pa / m), obtained by fitting and analyzing a large amount of local meteorological data. The value of k for altitude pressure correction varies across regions. For example, in plain areas, the typical value of k is approximately 0.1 Pa / m. In areas with complex terrain, such as mountainous areas, the k value must be accurately determined based on specific local meteorological data and terrain characteristics.

[0069] H: The environmental altitude (m) obtained by the GPS positioning module, which is the altitude of the current location of the waste incineration plant.

[0070] Step S103: Calculate relative humidity in real time;

[0071] As an optional embodiment, step S103 includes:

[0072] Step S1031: Calculate the saturated vapor pressure P T ;

[0073] In this step, the saturated vapor pressure P T It can be calculated by the following formula (based on the critical temperature normalization method, the saturated vapor pressure P is calculated by polynomial fitting T ):

[0074]

[0075] T0 is the value obtained by normalizing the flue gas temperature T at the reactor outlet with the critical temperature of water, 647.3 K. This normalization converts temperature data into a relative value, facilitating subsequent calculations within specific calculation models. It reflects the relative position of the current temperature within the critical temperature system of water.

[0076] T M1 : Resulted by subtracting T0 from 1. It is an intermediate variable used in various calculations in subsequent formulas, and plays a role in adjusting and associating various parameters in the entire calculation system.

[0077] SUM: It is a comprehensive calculation item, from FK(1) to FK(5) and T M1FK(1) to FK(5) are coefficients obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data. They are related to T M1 The combination of reflects the comprehensive influence of temperature-related factors on saturated vapor pressure.

[0078] D1: T0 and the relation between T including FK(6) and FK(7) M1 FK(6) and FK(7) are also fitting coefficients. The calculation of D1 combines the temperature normalized information and the specific fitting coefficients, which are used in the subsequent calculation of the denominator of the exponential part.

[0079] D2: molecule is T M1 , the denominator is the sum of FK(8) and FK(9) and T M1 FK(8) and FK(9) are also fitting coefficients. D2 is used to adjust the calculation of the exponential part in the entire formula system.

[0080] BK: Obtained by performing an exponential operation on SUM / D1-D2, it is a key intermediate result that integrates the temperature, fitting coefficient and other information contained in the previous calculations, and plays an important transitional role in the calculation of the final saturated vapor pressure.

[0081] P T Saturated vapor pressure (Pa) at the current temperature represents the pressure at which water vapor in the air reaches saturation at a given temperature. It is calculated by multiplying BK by 221.2 × 10⁵, where 221.2 is the critical pressure of water (in bar; to convert to Pa, multiply by 10⁵). This calculation combines the intermediate variables and fitting coefficients mentioned above to ultimately determine the saturated vapor pressure.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present invention, the fitting parameters (preset values) may be:

[0083] FK(1)=-7.691234564;

[0084] FK(2)=-26.08023696;

[0085] FK(3)=-168.1706546;

[0086] FK(4)=64.23285504;

[0087] FK(5)=-118.9646225;

[0088] FK(6)=4.167117320;

[0089] FK(7)=20.97506760;

[0090] FK(8)=1.000000000×10 9 ;

[0091] FK(9)=6.000000000.

[0092] These fitting parameters are obtained through in-depth analysis and fitting of a large amount of experimental data and are applicable to specific temperature ranges and calculation scenarios. Different gases and temperature ranges may require different fitting coefficients to ensure the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0093] Step S1032: Calculate relative humidity PHI.

[0094] In this step, the calculation formula for relative humidity PHI can be as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Where X is the volume fraction of water vapor. corr is the corrected atmospheric pressure, P T The saturated vapor pressure at the current temperature is calculated using the above formula. Relative humidity (PHI) is expressed as a percentage, reflecting the ratio of the actual water vapor content in the flue gas to the saturated water vapor content at that temperature. It is a key indicator for measuring the relative humidity of the flue gas.

[0097] This step can be implemented through the data processing module, such as Figure 4 As shown in the flowchart, the data processing module works as follows. After receiving the data collected by the sensor module, the data processing module first corrects the atmospheric pressure according to the altitude and calculates the corrected atmospheric pressure P corr Then, based on the critical temperature normalization method, the saturated vapor pressure P is calculated by polynomial fitting. T , combined with the corrected atmospheric pressure and flue gas temperature, the relative humidity PHI of the flue gas is calculated. Finally, the calculated relative humidity data is transmitted to the control module.

[0098] Step S104: dynamically optimizing and adjusting the dosage of the deacidifying agent according to the atmospheric parameters and relative humidity;

[0099] In the semi-dry deacidification process, relative humidity (PHI) plays an important role in deacidification efficiency. After three months of testing, it was shown that when PHI = 6% (i.e., 6% relative humidity), the deacidification efficiency was significantly improved for the following reasons:

[0100] The role of the water film: During the semi-dry deacidification process, the reaction between lime slurry (primarily composed of Ca(OH)2) and acidic gases (such as HCl and SO2) in the flue gas requires liquid water as a reaction medium. When the pH value (PHI) is 6%, the water vapor content in the flue gas is moderate, forming a stable micron-sized water film on the surface of the lime particles, promoting the dissolution and chemical reaction of the acidic gases. Insufficient humidity prevents the acidic gases from fully dissolving, resulting in incomplete reactions. Excessive humidity may form excessive liquid water, hindering gas-solid contact and reducing reaction efficiency.

[0101] Reaction kinetics balance: At a humidity of PHI = 6%, the water vapor partial pressure and the water film tension on the deacidifier surface reach equilibrium, matching the acid gas dissolution rate with the neutralization reaction rate, avoiding reaction interruption due to excessive evaporation or increased mass transfer resistance due to excessive evaporation. The water vapor content at PHI = 6% ensures sufficient liquid water while avoiding the mass transfer resistance caused by excessive liquid water. The deacidification efficiency is in the "reaction kinetics optimal zone," where the acid gas dissolution rate and the lime surface reaction rate are matched to their maximum value.

[0102] Temperature Limit Protection: Set the reactor outlet temperature limit to 130°C. Otherwise, the reactor temperature will be too low, which may damage the process equipment downstream of the reactor. If the reactor outlet temperature Tout is less than 130°C, the system will not increase the cooling water dosage to avoid affecting downstream process equipment.

[0103] Dynamic optimization and adjustment of deacidification agent dosage:

[0104] Input parameters: real-time relative humidity PHI (calculated from step S103), reaction tower outlet temperature T, inlet acid gas concentration (HCl, SO2), flue gas flow rate Q flue .

[0105] Output instruction: lime slurry dosage Q lime (kg / h), cooling water flow Q water (kg / h).

[0106] Calculation of relative humidity main loop control deviation e PHI =6-PHI,

[0107] PID algorithm: ΔQ water =K p ·e PHI +K i ∫e PHI dt+K d (d ePHI / dt)

[0108] Temperature safety limit: When the outlet temperature of the reaction tower T is less than 130℃, the temperature interlocking protection mechanism is triggered and the cooling water regulating valve will no longer open wide.

[0109] The lime slurry dosage correction introduces the correction function f(PHI)=sech(0.38|PHI-6|) to dynamically adjust the lime slurry dosage:

[0110] Qlime=Q lime理论 / f(PHI)

[0111] The PHI value range is 5 to 7 to avoid overshoot or undershoot.

[0112] Cooling water flow Q water By adjusting the opening of the regulating valve to control the relative humidity PHI (increase Q water It can increase the humidity, and vice versa).

[0113] Lime slurry flow rate Q lime Controlled by the slurry regulating valve opening.

[0114] This step can be implemented through the control module and the actuator, such as Figure 5 The flowchart shown in Figure 2 illustrates the workflow of the control module and actuators. After receiving relative humidity data from the data processing module, the control module compares it with the preset target relative humidity. If the measured relative humidity deviates from the target humidity range, the control module calculates the lime slurry dosage adjustment using a PID algorithm. The adjustment command is then sent to the actuators, and the lime slurry control valve and cooling water control valve adjust the dosage accordingly.

[0115] Thus, the present invention adopts a deacidification agent dosage optimization strategy: introducing f(PHI)=sech(0.38|PHI-6|) as a dynamic correction function for the lime slurry dosage, relative humidity feedback control with PHI=6% as the target value, combining the correction function f(PHI) and the dynamic adjustment method of the temperature safety limit (T≥130°C); and also adopts a multivariable coupling control architecture: a closed-loop control system that integrates sensor acquisition, atmospheric correction, humidity calculation, and reagent adjustment to achieve linkage control of atmospheric parameters, humidity, and temperature.

[0116] Step S105: the actuator adds the deacidifying agent according to the adjusted dosage.

[0117] As an optional embodiment, the step S105 includes:

[0118] Step S106: real-time monitoring of the waste incineration deacidification process;

[0119] In this step, the following key process parameters can be monitored to ensure that the deacidification process is controllable:

[0120] Reaction tower outlet temperature (T): Real-time monitoring by thermocouple sensor to ensure that the temperature is not lower than 130℃ (the safety threshold for triggering the addition of cooling water).

[0121] Water vapor content (X): Measured using ultraviolet differential absorption spectroscopy technology, directly affects the calculation of relative humidity.

[0122] Flue gas relative humidity (PHI): reflects the flue gas humidity status through real-time calculation of saturated vapor pressure and water vapor content.

[0123] Deacidification agent dosage (Q lime ): Actual lime slurry addition flow rate, ensuring consistency with dynamic adjustment instructions.

[0124] Cooling water flow (Q water ): Regulates valve opening and actual flow rate to control flue gas humidity.

[0125] Step S107: Determine whether optimization and adjustment are required. If not, go directly to step S101; if so, optimize the system parameters and then go to step S101.

[0126] In this step, optimization and adjustment are required when the following situations are detected:

[0127] (1) When the indicator deviates from the threshold, including but not limited to:

[0128] The relative humidity (PHI) deviates from the target value (6%) by ±0.5% for a period exceeding the set time (e.g., 10 minutes);

[0129] The acid gas removal rate is lower than the design value (such as 95%) or the fluctuation range exceeds 5%;

[0130] The outlet temperature of the reaction tower frequently approaches the lower safety limit (130°C) or the opening of the cooling water regulating valve reaches the limit (such as 100% or 0%).

[0131] (2) When reagent consumption is abnormal: the unit consumption of lime slurry (consumption per ton of garbage) increases by more than 3% compared with the historical average.

[0132] (3) When sensor data is abnormal (such as pressure transmitter signal fluctuation), actuator stuck alarm, etc.

[0133] When the above phenomenon occurs, it is necessary to trigger the optimization and adjustment process. The specific optimization methods are as follows:

[0134] 1. Optimize control algorithm parameters, including PID gain parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd), and adjust the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients of the cooling water flow control to improve the response speed and stability of humidity control. Also optimize the lime slurry dosage correction function parameters, such as the coefficient 0.38 in the correction function f(PHI) = sech(0.38|PHI-6|). Dynamically adjust based on actual deacidification efficiency to avoid overshoot or undershoot.

[0135] 2. Adjust the altitude pressure correction coefficient (k) based on local long-term meteorological data to resolve pressure compensation deviations in high altitude or pressure fluctuation scenarios.

[0136] 3. Optimize fitting coefficients (FK(1)-FK(9)): For different garbage components or flue gas temperature ranges, refit the experimental data to improve the saturated vapor pressure P T The calculation accuracy of .

[0137] like Figure 2 The flowchart, shown in Figure 1, comprehensively illustrates the entire system workflow, starting with parameter collection, continuing through atmospheric parameter correction, relative humidity calculation, adjustment of deacidification agent and cooling water dosage, and finally, execution of the adjustment instructions by the actuators, forming a closed-loop control system. This entire process continues in a continuous cycle, ensuring that the waste incineration deacidification process always takes place in an optimal humidity environment.

[0138] The following takes a waste incineration plant in Sichuan as an example to describe the specific implementation process of the present invention in detail:

[0139] 1. System construction and initialization

[0140] Sensor Installation and Commissioning: Install thermocouple temperature sensors, pressure transmitters, gas analyzers, and GPS positioning modules. Ensure the sensors are accurately positioned to accurately reflect real-time flue gas parameters. After installation, commission the sensors and check the accuracy and stability of data collection.

[0141] Data processing module configuration: The atmospheric pressure and altitude relationship data are normalized based on the critical temperature method, and the saturated vapor pressure P is calculated by polynomial fitting. T The fitting parameters of the equation are imported into the data processing module. The calculation parameters and algorithms of the data processing module are set to ensure accurate atmospheric pressure correction and relative humidity calculation, and the calculation results are transmitted to the control module.

[0142] Control module parameter setting: In the control module, based on the real-time humidity calculation results, set the target relative humidity PHI to 6. At the same time, determine the calcium-sulfur ratio R Ca , preset reaction tower outlet target temperature T outBased on the preset target humidity and the actual calculated relative humidity, the PID algorithm is used to calculate the adjustment amount of lime slurry dosage and send the instruction to the actuator.

[0143] Actuator debugging: debug the lime slurry regulating valve to ensure that it can accurately adjust the amount of lime slurry added according to the instructions sent by the control module, and check the accuracy and stability of the valve opening adjustment.

[0144] 2. Real-time parameter collection and processing

[0145] Parameter collection at a certain moment:

[0146] The outlet temperature of the reaction tower is T = 140 ° C = 413.15K, the water vapor content in the flue gas is X = 21% vol, the flue gas pressure at the inlet of the reaction tower is P = 85000Pa, the altitude is H = 1100m, the atmospheric pressure correction is: Pcorr = 85000-0.1*1100 = 84890Pa, and the flue gas flow rate Q measured by the flow sensor is flue =95000m 3 / h.

[0147] 3. Calculation of saturated vapor pressure and relative humidity

[0148] Saturated vapor pressure calculation: According to the formula

[0149]

[0150] Fitting parameters (preset values):

[0151] FK(1)=-7.691234564;

[0152] FK(2)=-25.97163696;

[0153] FK(3)=-168.1706546;

[0154] FK(4)=59.89285504;

[0155] FK(5)=-109.9646225;

[0156] FK(6)=4.24587629;

[0157] FK(7)=20.7698547;

[0158] FK(8)=1.000000000×10 9 ;

[0159] FK(9)=6.000000000.

[0160] The distribution unfolds as follows:

[0161] T0=413.15 / 647.3=0.638266646;

[0162] T M1 =1-0.638266646=0.361733354;

[0163] SUM=-7.691234564*0.361733354-25.97163696*0.361733354 2 -

[0164] 168.1706546*0.361733354 3 +59.89285504*0.361733354 4 -109.9646225*0.361733354 5 =-13.79623426;

[0165] D1=(1+4.24587629*0.361733354+20.7698547*0.361733354 2 )*0.638266646=3.353217904;

[0166] D2=0.361733354 / (1000000000*0.361733354 2 +6)=2.76447E-09;

[0167] BK=exp(-13.79623426 / 3.353217904-2.76447E-09)=0.016336935;

[0168] P T =0.016336935*221.2*100000=361372.9983;

[0169] Relative humidity calculation PHI = 21*84890 / 361372.9983% = 4.933%.

[0170] 4. Calculation and adjustment of deacidification agent dosage compensation

[0171] According to the formula of the present invention, the measured PHI is 4.933% (in this example), which is 6% away from the target value. PHI =1.067.

[0172] At this time, the lime slurry dosage correction ΔQ lime =Q lime -Qlime理论 =1 / f(PHI)-1=0.08325. After the lime slurry is corrected, the system oscillation time can be effectively reduced.

[0173] The precise control method based on atmospheric parameter correction and relative humidity feedback has achieved remarkable results. Before the system was put into operation, the plant's waste incineration deacidification process used traditional control methods, resulting in unstable deacidification efficiency, large fluctuations in acid gas emissions, and excessive lime slurry consumption.

[0174] After the system was put into operation, deacidification efficiency was improved through real-time monitoring and precise control when the pH index (PHI) was between 5.7% and 6.3%. With the same deacidification agent consumption, the removal rate of acid gases (HCl and SO2) increased from 92.8% to 96.2%, ensuring that flue gas emissions consistently met standards. Furthermore, deacidification agent consumption was significantly reduced, and lime slurry usage was reduced by 8.7%, effectively lowering operating costs.

[0175] During operation, the system automatically adjusts the dosage of the deacidification agent based on varying operating conditions. For example, one day, a sudden drop in local air pressure reduced the flue gas pressure at the reactor inlet. The system, using real-time pressure and altitude data, promptly corrected the atmospheric pressure and recalculated the relative humidity. Based on this calculation, the control module automatically adjusted the amount of lime slurry added, ensuring the deacidification reaction proceeded in an optimal humidity environment and avoiding the reduction in deacidification efficiency caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0176] In summary, the present invention provides a precise control method based on atmospheric parameter correction and relative humidity feedback during the waste incineration deacidification process. By integrating a coupled calculation model of atmospheric pressure, altitude and flue gas humidity, the relative humidity is accurately calculated in real time and the deacidification agent dosage is dynamically adjusted, thereby achieving dynamic optimization of the deacidification agent dosage, improving the deacidification efficiency and reducing the agent consumption. Specifically, the method of the present invention introduces atmospheric parameter correction and quantitative control of relative humidity, which solves the problems of extensive humidity control and poor adaptability to working conditions in the prior art, significantly improves the deacidification efficiency and reduces the agent consumption, and is suitable for waste incineration flue gas purification under different altitudes and pressure environments.

[0177] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0178] Improved acid removal efficiency: Through a precise control method based on atmospheric parameter correction and relative humidity feedback, the acid gas removal rate has been increased from 92.8% to over 96.2%.

[0179] Reduced reagent consumption: The consumption of slaked lime per ton of garbage is reduced from 11.3kg to 10.4kg, and the amount of lime slurry is reduced by 7.96%, significantly reducing operating costs.

[0180] System stability: Effectively avoids equipment condensation and sudden drop in reaction efficiency caused by humidity fluctuations, improving the long-term operation reliability of the system.

[0181] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification, characterized in that: include: Step S101: obtaining real-time parameters during the waste incineration process; Step S102: Correct and calculate atmospheric parameters; Step S103: Calculate relative humidity in real time; Step S104: dynamically optimizing and adjusting the dosage of the deacidifying agent according to the atmospheric parameters and relative humidity; Step S105: the actuator adds the deacidifying agent according to the adjusted dosage.

2. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S101, the real-time parameters include the flue gas temperature T at the reaction tower outlet, the flue gas pressure P at the reaction tower inlet, the water vapor content X in the flue gas, and the ambient altitude H.

3. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S102 includes: Correct the atmospheric pressure according to the ambient altitude H and use the following formula to calculate the corrected atmospheric pressure: P corr =P-k·H Among them, P corr is the corrected atmospheric pressure, P is the flue gas pressure at the reaction tower inlet measured in real time by the pressure transmitter, k is the altitude pressure correction coefficient, and H is the ambient altitude obtained by the GPS positioning module.

4. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S103 includes: Step S1031: Calculate the saturated vapor pressure P T ; Step S1032: Calculate relative humidity PHI.

5. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1031, the saturated vapor pressure P T The calculation formula is: T0 is the value obtained by normalizing the flue gas temperature T at the outlet of the reaction tower with the critical temperature of water 647.3K, T M1 It is obtained by subtracting T0 from 1. SUM is a comprehensive calculation item, from FK(1) to FK(5) and T M1 The coefficients FK(1) to FK(5) are obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental data. D1 is obtained by combining T0 with the coefficients about T including FK(6) and FK(7). M1 The polynomials of are multiplied together to obtain the fitting coefficients. FK(6) and FK(7) are also fitting coefficients. The numerator of D2 is T M1 , the denominator is the sum of FK(8) and FK(9) and T M1 The related terms of , FK(8) and FK(9) are also fitting coefficients, and BK is obtained by performing exponential operation on SUM / D1-D2; And / or, in step S1032, the calculation formula of relative humidity PHI is: Where X is the volume fraction of water vapor, P corr is the corrected atmospheric pressure.

6. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S104 includes: Step S1041: Determine whether the relative humidity PHI is less than 6%. If so, increase the cooling water flow rate Q. water If not, reduce the cooling water flow Q water .

7. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S104 further includes: Step S1041': Calculate the lime slurry dosage correction function f(PHI); Step S1042 ′: dynamically adjusting the lime slurry dosage Qlime according to the lime slurry dosage correction function f(PHI).

8. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1041, the cooling water flow rate adopts PID algorithm: ΔQ water =K p ·e PHI +K i ∫e PHI dt+K d (d ePHI / dt), where Kp is the proportional gain, Ki is the integral gain, Kd is the differential gain, and the relative humidity main loop control deviation e PHI =6-PHI; And / or, in step S1041', the lime slurry dosage correction function f(PHI)=sech(0.38|PHI-6|); And / or, in step S1042', the lime slurry dosage Qlime=Q lime理论 / f(PHI), where PHI ranges from 5 to 7.

9. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step S104 further includes: Step S1041": If the reaction tower outlet temperature Tout is less than 130°C, the system will no longer increase the amount of cooling water added.

10. The control method based on atmospheric parameters and relative humidity during waste incineration deacidification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S105 includes: Step S106: real-time monitoring of the waste incineration deacidification process; Step S107: Determine whether optimization and adjustment are required. If not, go directly to step S101; if so, optimize the system parameters and then go to step S101.

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