Automatic axle turning lathe for shaft machining

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lathes, and particularly relates to an automatic axle lathe for shaft machining, which comprises a lathe main body, a knife rest is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe main body, a third cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the knife rest, and a turning tool is fixedly connected to the piston end of the third cylinder. A groove plate is slidably connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe body, a lifting frame is slidably connected to a sliding groove of the groove plate, and rotating frames are rotatably arranged at the two ends of the upper side of the lifting frame. By means of the gathering type feeding assembly, automatic feeding and discharging of the shafts are achieved, the link of manual feeding and discharging of workers is omitted, and operation is convenient and labor-saving. Compared with the mode that automatic clamping equipment is adopted for feeding the shaft parts, the mode has the advantages that the disorderly stacked shaft parts can be arranged in an ordered arrangement state and are sequentially fed into the electric chuck to be fixed, and the problem that the follow-up turning efficiency is affected due to the fact that the automatic clamping equipment is difficult to accurately clamp due to the fact that the multiple shaft parts are irregularly distributed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lathes, in particular to an automatic axle lathe for machining shaft parts. Background Art

[0002] Shafts are one of the typical parts often encountered in machines. They are rotating parts with a length greater than the diameter. Lathes are mainly used to process rotationally symmetrical workpieces. Shaft parts are typical rotating parts, and their structural characteristics are highly matched with the processing objects of lathes. Lathes perform cutting through the rotation of the workpiece and the linear movement of the tool. They can efficiently complete the processing of rotationally symmetrical surfaces such as cylindrical and conical shapes, meeting the processing needs of key parts such as the outer circle and conical surface of shaft parts.

[0003] The patent with announcement number CN219683977U discloses a shaft parts cutting device for a CNC lathe, including a lathe body; a first motor is installed on one side of the lathe body, and the output end of the first motor is connected to a screw, and a limit rod is fixed between the two sides of the lathe body, and the screw and the limit rod are cooperatively sleeved with a moving block, and a fixed frame is welded on the top of the moving block, and a pneumatic cylinder is installed at the middle of the top of the fixed frame, and the active end of the pneumatic cylinder is equipped with a pneumatic rod, and the end of the pneumatic rod is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, and a second motor is installed on the mounting plate, and a cutting tool is rotatably installed at the output end of the second motor; when cutting parts, the cutting tool can be moved vertically downward to the optimal cutting height through the action of the pneumatic cylinder, and then the parts can be continuously cut through the cooperation of the second motor and the first motor, thereby improving the cutting efficiency.

[0004] However, the above technical solution still has the following deficiencies in practical application: When turning a shaft, it is necessary to first use a fixture to fix the shaft, and then drive the shaft to rotate so that it contacts the turning tool, so that the turning work can be carried out. However, under normal circumstances, the shafts to be turned are transferred from the previous process in batches and are in a messy pile. When turning the shafts one by one, workers need to manually place the shafts on the fixture first, and then the fixture will fix the shafts. During the whole process, workers need to manually load and unload the materials many times, which is quite troublesome. When using automated clamping equipment for loading and unloading, since the shafts are in a piled state, the automated clamping equipment will have difficulty in accurately clamping due to the irregular distribution of multiple shafts, which in turn affects the subsequent turning efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem raised in the background art, the present invention proposes an automatic axle lathe for machining shafts.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an automatic axle lathe for processing shaft parts, comprising a lathe main body, a tool holder fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe main body, a cylinder three fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the tool holder, a turning tool fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder three, a groove plate slidably connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe main body, a lifting frame slidably connected to the groove of the groove plate, a rotating frame rotatably provided at both ends of the upper side of the lifting frame, an electric chuck rotatably provided at the middle part of the upper end face of the rotating frame, and a concentrated feeding assembly is also provided on the lathe main body; Material toggling mechanism, its both sides respectively have a cylinder pressure, and the cylinder pressure bar connects swing arm, and the swing arm end face has hook portion, and a bar passes position between the end of two swing arms and the hook portion.

[0007] Preferably, a threaded rod 2 is threadedly connected to one side of the lower end of the groove plate, both ends of the threaded rod 2 are rotatably set on the lathe body, a motor 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end surface of the lathe body, and the output end of the motor 4 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 2.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the lifting frame is threadedly connected to a threaded rod 1, both ends of the threaded rod 1 are rotatably set on the slot plate, one side of the upper end of the slot plate is fixedly connected to a motor 3, the output end of the motor 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 1, one side of the upper end of the lifting frame is fixedly connected to motor 1, the output end of motor 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating frame, the middle part of one side of the rotating frame is fixedly connected to motor 2, and the output end of motor 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the electric chuck.

[0009] Preferably, the outer ring of the fixed ring is sleeved and rotatably connected to a transmission ring, one end of the sliding rod is rotatably provided with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably provided on the transmission ring, one side of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to an electric push rod, and the piston end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the lifting rod is threadedly connected to the threaded rod three, both ends of the threaded rod three are rotatably set on the collection plate, one side of the collection plate is fixedly connected to the motor five, and the output end of the motor five is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod three.

[0011] Preferably, the collecting plate is further provided with an integrated supporting and pushing component; The supporting and pushing integrated assembly includes a sliding column fixedly connected to both sides of the collecting plate, and a slider is slidably connected to the sliding column. One end of the slider on both sides is respectively fixedly connected to support rod 1 and support rod 2, and the two adjacent support rods 1 and support rod 2 are plugged in and slidably connected.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a support block, and one end of the support block is rotatably provided with an eccentric block, and the eccentric block is in contact with one side of the support rod.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the support block is fixedly connected to motor six, the output end of motor six is fixedly connected to one end of the eccentric block, one side of the sliding column is sleeved with spring two, one end of spring two is fixedly connected to the slider, and the other end is fixedly connected to the aggregate plate.

[0014] Preferably, the collecting plate is further provided with a material shifting assembly; The material-digging assembly includes a turntable rotatably arranged on one side of the material-collecting plate, a toggle block is plugged in and slidably connected to one side of the turntable, one end of the toggle block is fixedly connected to a spring 1, and the other end of the spring 1 is fixedly connected to the turntable, one side of the material-collecting plate is fixedly connected to a motor 7, and the output end of the motor 7 is fixedly connected to the turntable, and a through hole is provided on one side of the material-collecting plate, and when the turntable rotates, the toggle block can move at the through hole.

[0015] Preferably, the lathe body is further provided with a detection-type turning component; The detection-type rotation component includes a cylinder 2 fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the support plate, the piston end of the cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to a connecting block, one end of the connecting block is rotatably provided with a rotating block, one end of the rotating block is fixedly connected to a flip block, and the other end is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor, one end of the connecting block is fixedly connected to a motor 8, the output end of the motor 8 is fixedly connected to the rotating block, one side of the piston end of the cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to a motor 9, and the output end of the motor 9 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The automatic axle lathe for shaft processing described in the present invention utilizes a concentrated feeding assembly to achieve automatic loading and unloading of shafts, eliminating the need for workers to manually load and unload, resulting in convenient and labor-saving operation. Compared to using automated clamping equipment to load shafts, this method can organize messily piled shafts into an orderly arrangement and feed them sequentially into an electric chuck for fixation, thus avoiding the problem of the irregular distribution of multiple shafts making it difficult for automated clamping equipment to accurately grasp them, thereby affecting subsequent turning efficiency.

[0017] 2. The automatic axle lathe for processing shaft parts described in the present invention utilizes a support-pushing integrated component and a material-displacing component to promote the movement of the shaft parts with the cooperation of support rod 1, support rod 2, and a shifting block, thereby avoiding the situation where the shaft parts cannot slide normally due to being stuck at the arrangement channel mouth or sinking into the collecting cloth, thereby affecting the normal loading of the shaft parts.

[0018] 3. The automatic axle lathe for processing shaft parts described in the present invention utilizes a detection-type turning component to judge the direction and flip the shaft parts with a taper at one end, so that multiple shaft parts have a unified direction and are turned according to a preset turning trajectory, which is beneficial to improving turning efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fixed ring; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the electric chuck; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating frame; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the connection block; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission ring; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the lifting rod; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the positioning rod; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the aggregate cloth; Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of support rod 1 and support rod 2; Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at the turntable; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another perspective at the turntable.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Lathe body; 2. Frame; 3. Fixed ring; 4. Transmission ring; 5. Electric push rod; 6. Sliding rod; 7. Collecting plate; 8. Collecting cloth; 9. Baffle; 10. Support plate; 11. Cylinder 1; 12. Cylinder 2; 13. Slot plate; 14. Threaded rod 1; 15. Threaded rod 2; 16. Cylinder 3; 17. Turning tool; 18. Lifting frame; 19. Motor 1; 20. Rotating frame; 21. Motor 2; 22. Electric chuck; 23. Motor 3; 24. Motor 4; 25. Connecting block; 26. Rotating block ; 27. Flip block; 28. Pressure sensor; 29. Connecting rod; 30. Through hole; 31. Toggle block; 32. Turntable; 33. Motor five; 34. Threaded rod three; 35. Lifting rod; 36. Cylinder four; 37. Fixed block; 38. Positioning rod; 39. Support block; 40. Motor six; 41. Sliding column; 42. Support rod one; 43. Support rod two; 44. Slider; 45. Motor seven; 46. Spring one; 47. Spring two; 48. Tool holder; 49. Eccentric block; 50. Motor eight; 51. Motor nine DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-13 The present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic axle lathe for machining shaft parts, comprising a lathe body 1, a tool holder 48 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe body 1, a cylinder 3 16 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the tool holder 48, a turning tool 17 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder 3 16, a groove plate 13 is slidably connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe body 1, a lifting frame 18 is slidably connected to the sliding groove of the groove plate 13, a rotating frame 20 is rotatably provided at both ends of the upper side of the lifting frame 18, an electric chuck 22 is rotatably provided at the middle part of the upper end face of the rotating frame 20, and a concentrated feeding assembly is also provided on the lathe body 1; The aggregate feeding assembly includes a frame 2 fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe body 1, and a fixing ring 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the frame 2. A plurality of slide rods 6 are evenly distributed and slidably connected along the radial direction around the fixing ring 3. One end of the slide rod 6 is fixedly connected to a collecting plate 7, and a collecting cloth 8 is fixedly connected between two adjacent collecting plates 7. The collecting cloth 8 is made of elastic material. Support plates 10 are fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end face of the lathe body 1, and a cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end side of one side support plate 10. A baffle 9 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder 11. The upper end face of the baffle 9 is flush with the lower end face of the collecting plate 7. A lifting rod 35 is slidably connected to the collecting plates 7 on both sides, and a cylinder four 36 is fixedly connected to the lower end side of the cylinder four 36. A fixed block 37 is fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder four 36. A positioning rod 38 is fixedly connected to the lower end side of the fixed block 37. The positioning rod 38 can pass through the strip through hole at the bottom of the collecting plate 7.

[0024] In this embodiment, Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 As shown, a threaded rod 2 15 is threadedly connected to one side of the lower end of the groove plate 13, and both ends of the threaded rod 2 15 are rotatably set on the lathe body 1. A motor 4 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end surface of the lathe body 1, and the output end of the motor 4 24 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 2 15.

[0025] One end of the lifting frame 18 is threadedly connected to a threaded rod 14, and both ends of the threaded rod 14 are rotatably set on the slot plate 13. One side of the upper end of the slot plate 13 is fixedly connected to a motor 3 23, and the output end of the motor 3 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod 14. One side of the upper end of the lifting frame 18 is fixedly connected to a motor 19, and the output end of the motor 19 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating frame 20. The middle part of one side of the rotating frame 20 is fixedly connected to a motor 21, and the output end of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the electric chuck 22.

[0026] The outer ring of the fixed ring 3 is sleeved and rotatably connected to the transmission ring 4, one end of the slide rod 6 is rotatably provided with a connecting rod 29, one end of the connecting rod 29 is rotatably provided on the transmission ring 4, one side of the fixed ring 3 is fixedly connected to the electric push rod 5, and the piston end of the electric push rod 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod 6.

[0027] One end of the lifting rod 35 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod three 34, and both ends of the threaded rod three 34 are rotatably set on the collecting plate 7. One side of the collecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the motor five 33, and the output end of the motor five 33 is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod three 34.

[0028] Specifically, in the prior art, when turning a shaft, it is necessary to first use a clamp to fix the shaft, and then drive the shaft to rotate so that it contacts the turning tool 17, thereby starting the turning work. However, under normal circumstances, the shafts to be turned are transferred from the previous process in batches and are in a messy pile-up state. When turning the shafts one by one, workers need to manually place the shafts on the clamps first, and then the clamps will fix the shafts. During the whole process, workers need to manually load and unload materials many times, which is quite troublesome. When using automated clamping equipment for loading and unloading, since the shafts are in a piled-up state, the automated clamping equipment will find it difficult to accurately clamp the shafts due to the irregular distribution of multiple shafts, thereby affecting the subsequent turning efficiency.

[0029] Therefore, to solve the above problem, this embodiment is used for the same batch of shafts with the same specifications. According to the diameter of the shaft, the electric push rod 5 is activated, and the electric push rod 5 drives the sliding rod 6 on one side to slide on the fixed ring 3. As the sliding rod 6 on one side moves, the transmission ring 4 also rotates under the action of the connecting rod 29, and then multiple sliding rods 6 move simultaneously, causing multiple collecting plates 7 to move closer to or away from the axis of the fixed ring 3 at the same time, and the collecting cloth 8 is deformed. Because the multiple collecting plates 7 and the collecting cloth 8 form a funnel-shaped structure, the funnel-shaped structure is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the width at the narrowest point is greater than the diameter of one shaft and less than the diameter of two shafts. The multiple shafts transferred from the previous process are uniformly added between the multiple collecting plates 7. Under the action of gravity, the shafts will converge to the bottom of the collecting plates 7. Because the narrowest point of the funnel-shaped structure can only pass one shaft at a time, the multiple shafts will be stacked at the bottom of the collecting plates 7, and the shaft at the bottom will be blocked by the baffle 9.

[0030] Then, motor five 33 drives threaded rod three 34 to rotate, causing lifting rod 35 to slide on collecting plate 7, adjusting the height of positioning rod 38 so that the end of positioning rod 38 is aligned with the shaft above the lowest shaft, and under the action of cylinder four 36, the two positioning rods 38 are driven close to each other, and the shaft is clamped by positioning rod 38. Then, cylinder one 11 is used to drive baffle 9 to move away from the bottom of collecting plate 7 and collecting cloth 8, and the shaft will fall to the upper end of electric chuck 22, and the axis will be fixed by the clamping claws on electric chuck 22. Electric chuck 22 is an existing clamping technology and will not be described in detail here. In order to prevent the shaft from falling off the electric chuck 22 due to collision when it falls on the electric chuck 22, the electric chuck 22 can be raised under the action of the motor three 23 driving the threaded rod one 14 to rotate, so that the lower end of the shaft contacts the electric chuck 22, and the upper end of the shaft is still between the multiple collecting cloths 8. In this way, the shaft will not fall off the electric chuck 22 due to collision, and the electric chuck 22 can smoothly clamp the shaft.

[0031] Drive the electric chuck 22 down so that the shaft is completely separated from the collecting cloth 8 and is at an appropriate height. Then, the motor 19 drives the rotating frame 20 to rotate ninety degrees so that the shaft is horizontal. The motor 4 24 drives the threaded rod 2 15 to rotate, so that the slot plate 13 slides on the lathe body 1, and the shaft approaches the turning tool 17. At the same time, the cylinder 3 16 is used to drive the turning tool 17 close to the shaft, and the motor 2 21 drives the electric chuck 22 to rotate, so that the shaft can be turned.

[0032] When the turning of a shaft is completed, a collection container can be placed at a suitable position on the lathe body 1, and the turned shaft can fall into the collection container for collection, and then the above operation is repeated. Multiple shafts will fall accurately on the electric chuck 22 in turn, and subsequent turning work will be carried out, thereby realizing automatic loading and unloading of shafts, eliminating the process of manual loading and unloading by workers, which is more convenient and labor-saving. Moreover, compared with the method of using automated clamping equipment to load shafts, this method can transform the messy stacked shafts into an arranged state, and send them to the electric chuck 22 for fixation in turn, avoiding the situation when using automated clamping equipment to clamp shafts, which is difficult to accurately clamp due to the irregular distribution of multiple shafts, thereby affecting the subsequent turning efficiency.

[0033] In this embodiment, Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 10-13 As shown, the collecting plate 7 is also provided with an integrated supporting and pushing component; The supporting and pushing integrated component includes a sliding column 41 fixedly connected to both sides of the collecting plate 7, and a slider 44 is slidably connected to the sliding column 41. One end of the slider 44 on both sides is fixedly connected to a support rod 1 42 and a support rod 2 43 respectively, and the two adjacent support rods 1 42 and support rod 2 43 are plugged in and slidably connected.

[0034] One end of the sliding column 41 is fixedly connected to the support block 39 , and one end of the support block 39 is rotatably provided with an eccentric block 49 , which is in contact with one side of the support rod 43 .

[0035] One end of the support block 39 is fixedly connected to a motor 6 40, and the output end of the motor 6 40 is fixedly connected to one end of the eccentric block 49. A spring 2 47 is sleeved on one side of the sliding column 41. One end of the spring 2 47 is fixedly connected to the slider 44, and the other end is fixedly connected to the collecting plate 7.

[0036] The collecting plate 7 is also provided with a material shifting assembly; The material shifting assembly includes a turntable 32 rotatably arranged on one side of the collecting plate 7, a toggle block 31 is inserted and slidably connected to one side of the turntable 32, one end of the toggle block 31 is fixedly connected to a spring 46, and the other end of the spring 46 is fixedly connected to the turntable 32, a motor 45 is fixedly connected to one side of the collecting plate 7, and the output end of the motor 45 is fixedly connected to the turntable 32, and a through hole 30 is provided on one side of the collecting plate 7. When the turntable 32 rotates, the toggle block 31 can move at the through hole 30.

[0037] Specifically, in the above embodiment, although the shafts can be stacked between the plurality of collecting plates 7, the arrangement channel is narrow, so the shafts are easily stuck at the channel opening, thereby affecting the normal feeding of the shafts. In addition, since the collecting cloth 8 is elastic, when the shafts are piled up on the surface of the collecting cloth 8, the collecting cloth 8 will be squeezed by the shafts and become concave. When the shafts are sunken into the collecting cloth 8, the shafts cannot slide off normally, which also affects the normal feeding of the shafts. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, when the present embodiment is in use, when multiple collecting plates 7 move at the same time, the distance between two adjacent collecting plates 7 changes, and the support rod 1 42 and the support rod 2 43 slide relative to each other to adapt to the size change of the collecting cloth 8, and the support rod 1 42 and the support rod 2 43 are always aligned with one side of the collecting cloth 8. In order to facilitate the observation of the structure, only one group of support and pushing integrated components is shown in the accompanying drawings; the eccentric block 49 is driven to rotate by the motor 6 40, and the eccentric block 49 continuously squeezes the support rod 2 43 to make it move. At the same time, the support rod 1 42 will also move, and the slider 44 slides on the slide column 41 and is reset under the action of the spring 2 47, so that the support rod 1 42 and the support rod 2 43 continuously squeeze the collecting cloth 8, so that the contact surface of the collecting cloth 8 and the shaft member forms a bulge, thereby promoting the shaft member. When the rotary table 32 is rotated, the toggle block 31 passes through the through hole 30 and contacts the shaft member stuck at the arrangement channel mouth, and promotes its movement by toggling the shaft member upward, thereby preventing the shaft member from being stuck at the arrangement channel mouth. Moreover, since the toggle block 31 passes through the through hole 30 intermittently, it will not affect the falling of the shaft member. Similarly, if the toggle block 31 contacts the shaft member at the top of the arrangement channel after passing through the through hole 30, the toggle block 31 will be retracted into the slide groove of the rotary table 32 due to extrusion, and will not produce a movement conflict with the shaft member. Thus, with the cooperation of the support rod 1 42, the support rod 2 43, and the toggle block 31, the shaft member is prompted to move, thereby avoiding the situation where the shaft member cannot slide normally due to being stuck at the arrangement channel mouth or sinking into the collecting cloth 8, thereby affecting the normal loading of the shaft member.

[0038] In this embodiment, Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 As shown, the lathe body 1 is also provided with a detection-type turning assembly; The detection-type rotation assembly includes a cylinder 2 12 fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the support plate 10, and the piston end of the cylinder 2 12 is rotatably connected to a connecting block 25, and a rotating block 26 is rotatably provided at one end of the connecting block 25, and one end of the rotating block 26 is fixedly connected to a flip block 27, and the other end is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor 28, one end of the connecting block 25 is fixedly connected to a motor 8 50, and the output end of the motor 8 50 is fixedly connected to the rotating block 26, and one side of the piston end of the cylinder 2 12 is fixedly connected to a motor 9 51, and the output end of the motor 9 51 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block 25.

[0039] Specifically, in the above embodiment, although multiple shafts can be placed on the electric chuck 22 in sequence, some shafts have a tapered end before turning. This type of shaft is relatively common. When the shaft falls on the electric chuck 22, the tapered end or the cylindrical end may contact the electric chuck 22, resulting in the multiple shafts having inconsistent orientations during turning, making it difficult to turn according to the preset turning trajectory, thereby affecting turning efficiency. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, when the present embodiment is in use, after the shaft falls on the electric chuck 22, the shaft is driven down to a height where its end is flush with the pressure sensor 28 according to the height of the shaft, and then the cylinders 212 on both sides simultaneously drive the pressure sensor 28 close to the end of the shaft. Since the tapered end has an inclination, the stroke of the piston end of the cylinder 212 when the pressure sensor 28 detects pressure can be used. If the stroke of the piston end of the cylinder 212 is longer when the pressure sensor 28 detects pressure, it means that the tapered end of the shaft is facing upwards. On the contrary, if the pressure sensor 28 detects pressure, the pressure sensor 28 can detect pressure. When the force is applied, the stroke of the piston end of the cylinder 2 12 is shorter, which means that the cylindrical end of the shaft is facing upward; the detection information is transmitted to the controller, and then the motor 8 50 drives the rotating block 26 to rotate one hundred and eighty degrees, so that the flip block 27 is aligned with the shaft, and then the flip block 27 is used to clamp the shaft, and the motor 9 51 is used to drive the connecting block 25 to rotate, so that the shaft is flipped one hundred and eighty degrees, and then it is fixed by the electric chuck 22, and subsequent turning work is carried out; thereby, the direction of the shaft can be judged and the flipping effect can be achieved, so that multiple shafts can be turned according to the preset turning trajectory, which is beneficial to improving the turning efficiency.

[0040] Working principle: According to the diameter of the shaft, the electric push rod 5 is started, and the electric push rod 5 drives the slide bar 6 on one side to slide on the fixed ring 3. Since the slide bar 6 on one side moves, the transmission ring 4 will also rotate under the action of the connecting rod 29, and then multiple slide bars 6 will move at the same time, causing multiple collection plates 7 to approach or move away from the axis of the fixed ring 3 at the same time. At the same time, the collection cloth 8 will be deformed. Since multiple collection plates 7 and collection cloth 8 form a funnel-shaped structure, the funnel-shaped structure is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the width at the narrowest point is greater than the diameter of one shaft and smaller than the diameter of two shafts. The multiple shafts transferred from the previous process are uniformly added between the multiple collection plates 7. The shafts will gather to the bottom of the collection plates 7 under the action of gravity. Since the narrowest point of the funnel-shaped structure can only pass one shaft at a time, multiple shafts will be placed at the bottom of the collection plates 7 in a stacked state, and the shaft at the bottom will be blocked by the baffle 9. Then, motor five 33 drives threaded rod three 34 to rotate, causing lifting rod 35 to slide on collecting plate 7, adjusting the height of positioning rod 38 so that the end of positioning rod 38 is aligned with the shaft above the lowest shaft, and under the action of cylinder four 36, the two positioning rods 38 are driven close to each other, and the shaft is clamped by positioning rod 38. Then, cylinder one 11 is used to drive baffle 9 to move away from the bottom of collecting plate 7 and collecting cloth 8, and the shaft will fall to the upper end of electric chuck 22, and the axis will be fixed by the clamping claws on electric chuck 22. Electric chuck 22 is an existing clamping technology and will not be described in detail here. In order to prevent the shaft from falling off the electric chuck 22 due to collision, the electric chuck 22 can be raised by the action of the motor 3 23 driving the threaded rod 1 14 to rotate, so that the lower end of the shaft contacts the electric chuck 22 and the upper end of the shaft is still between the multiple collecting cloths 8. In this way, the shaft will not fall off the electric chuck 22 due to collision, and the electric chuck 22 can smoothly clamp the shaft. The electric chuck 22 is driven down to completely separate the shaft from the collecting cloth 8 and to a suitable height. Then, the motor 1 19 drives the rotating frame 20 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the shaft is horizontal. The motor 4 24 drives the threaded rod 2 15 to rotate, so that the slot plate 13 slides on the lathe body 1, and the shaft approaches the turning tool 17. At the same time, the cylinder 3 16 drives the turning tool 17 to approach the shaft, and the motor 2 21 drives the electric chuck 22 to rotate, so that the shaft can be turned. When the turning of a shaft is completed, a collection container can be placed at a suitable position on the lathe body 1, and the turned shaft can fall into the collection container for collection, and then the above operation is repeated. Multiple shafts will fall accurately on the electric chuck 22 in turn, and subsequent turning work will be carried out, thereby realizing automatic loading and unloading of shafts, eliminating the process of manual loading and unloading by workers, which is more convenient and labor-saving. Moreover, compared with the method of using automated clamping equipment to load shafts, this method can transform the messy stacked shafts into an arranged state, and send them to the electric chuck 22 for fixation in turn, avoiding the situation when using automated clamping equipment to clamp shafts, which is difficult to accurately clamp due to the irregular distribution of multiple shafts, thereby affecting the subsequent turning efficiency.When multiple collecting plates 7 move at the same time, the distance between two adjacent collecting plates 7 changes, and the support rod 1 42 and the support rod 2 43 slide relative to each other to adapt to the size change of the collecting cloth 8, and the support rod 1 42 and the support rod 2 43 are always aligned with one side of the collecting cloth 8. In order to facilitate the observation of the structure, only one group of support and pushing integrated components is shown in the accompanying drawings; the eccentric block 49 is driven to rotate by the motor 6 40, and the eccentric block 49 continuously squeezes the support rod 2 43 to move it. At the same time, the support rod 1 42 will also move, and the slider 44 slides on the slide column 41 and is reset under the action of the spring 2 47, so that the support rod 1 42 and the support rod 2 43 continuously squeeze the collecting cloth 8, so that the contact surface of the collecting cloth 8 and the shaft is convex, thereby promoting the falling of the shaft; at the same time, the motor 7 is used 45 drives the turntable 32 to rotate. When the turntable 32 rotates, the toggle block 31 passes through the through hole 30 and contacts the shaft member stuck at the arrangement channel mouth, and promotes its movement by toggling the shaft member upward, thereby preventing the shaft member from being stuck at the arrangement channel mouth. Moreover, since the toggle block 31 intermittently passes through the through hole 30, it will not affect the falling of the shaft member. Similarly, if the toggle block 31 just contacts the shaft member at the top of the arrangement channel after passing through the through hole 30, the toggle block 31 will be retracted into the slide groove of the turntable 32 due to extrusion, and will not produce a movement conflict with the shaft member; thereby, with the cooperation of the support rod 1 42, the support rod 2 43, and the toggle block 31, the shaft member is prompted to move, thereby avoiding the situation where the shaft member cannot slide normally due to being stuck at the arrangement channel mouth or sinking into the collecting cloth 8, thereby affecting the normal loading of the shaft member. When the shaft falls on the electric chuck 22, the shaft is driven down to a height where its end is flush with the pressure sensor 28 according to the height of the shaft. Then the cylinders 212 on both sides simultaneously drive the pressure sensor 28 close to the end of the shaft. Since the tapered end has an inclination, the stroke of the piston end of the cylinder 212 when the pressure sensor 28 detects the pressure can be detected. If the stroke of the piston end of the cylinder 212 is longer when the pressure sensor 28 detects the pressure, it means that the tapered end of the shaft is facing upwards. On the contrary, if the piston end of the cylinder 212 is lowered when the pressure sensor 28 detects the pressure, the pressure sensor 28 can detect the pressure. If the stroke is shorter, it means that the cylindrical end of the shaft is facing upward; the detection information is transmitted to the controller, and then the motor eight 50 drives the rotating block 26 to rotate one hundred and eighty degrees, so that the flip block 27 is aligned with the shaft, and then the flip block 27 is used to clamp the shaft, and the motor nine 51 is used to drive the connecting block 25 to rotate, so that the shaft is flipped one hundred and eighty degrees, and then it is fixed by the electric chuck 22, and subsequent turning work is carried out; thereby, the direction of the shaft can be judged and the flipping effect can be achieved, so that multiple shafts can be turned according to the preset turning trajectory, which is beneficial to improving the turning efficiency.

[0041] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic axle lathe for machining shaft parts, comprising a lathe body (1), characterized in that: A tool holder (48) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe main body (1), a cylinder three (16) is fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the tool holder (48), a turning tool (17) is fixedly connected to the piston end of the cylinder three (16), a slot plate (13) is slidably connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe main body (1), a lifting frame (18) is slidably connected to the sliding groove of the slot plate (13), a rotating frame (20) is rotatably provided at both ends of the upper side of the lifting frame (18), an electric chuck (22) is rotatably provided at the middle part of the upper end face of the rotating frame (20), and a gathering type feeding assembly is also provided on the lathe main body (1); The aggregate feeding assembly comprises a frame (2) fixedly connected to one side of the upper end face of the lathe body (1), a fixed ring (3) fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the frame (2), a plurality of slide bars (6) uniformly distributed radially around the fixed ring (3) and slidably connected, one end of the slide bar (6) fixedly connected to a collecting plate (7), a collecting cloth (8) fixedly connected between two adjacent collecting plates (7), the collecting cloth (8) being made of elastic material, support plates (10) fixedly connected to both sides of the upper end face of the lathe body (1), the upper end of the support plate (10) on one side One side is fixedly connected to a cylinder 1 (11), the piston end of the cylinder 1 (11) is fixedly connected to a baffle (9), the upper end surface of the baffle (9) is flush with the lower end surface of the collecting plate (7), and the collecting plates (7) on both sides are slidably connected to a lifting rod (35), the lower end of the lifting rod (35) is fixedly connected to a cylinder 4 (36), the piston end of the cylinder 4 (36) is fixedly connected to a fixed block (37), and the lower end of the fixed block (37) is fixedly connected to a positioning rod (38), and the positioning rod (38) can pass through the strip-shaped through hole at the bottom of the collecting plate (7).

2. The automatic axle lathe for machining shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the lower end of the groove plate (13) is threadedly connected to a second threaded rod (15), both ends of the second threaded rod (15) are rotatably arranged on the lathe body (1), and one side of the upper end surface of the lathe body (1) is fixedly connected to a fourth motor (24), and the output end of the fourth motor (24) is fixedly connected to one end of the second threaded rod (15).

3. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the lifting frame (18) is threadedly connected to a threaded rod (14), and both ends of the threaded rod (14) are rotatably arranged on the slot plate (13). One side of the upper end of the slot plate (13) is fixedly connected to a motor (23), and the output end of the motor (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (14). One side of the upper end of the lifting frame (18) is fixedly connected to a motor (19), and the output end of the motor (19) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating frame (20). The middle part of one side of the rotating frame (20) is fixedly connected to a motor (21), and the output end of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the electric chuck (22).

4. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer ring of the fixed ring (3) is sleeved and rotatably connected to the transmission ring (4); one end of the slide rod (6) is rotatably provided with a connecting rod (29); one end of the connecting rod (29) is rotatably provided on the transmission ring (4); one side of the fixed ring (3) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (5); the piston end of the electric push rod (5) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod (6).

5. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the lifting rod (35) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod three (34), and both ends of the threaded rod three (34) are rotatably arranged on the collecting plate (7). One side of the collecting plate (7) is fixedly connected to the motor five (33), and the output end of the motor five (33) is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod three (34).

6. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting plate (7) is also provided with an integrated supporting and pushing component; The supporting and pushing integrated assembly includes a sliding column (41) fixedly connected to both sides of the collecting plate (7), a slider (44) being slidably connected to the sliding column (41), and one end of the sliders (44) on both sides being fixedly connected to a support rod 1 (42) and a support rod 2 (43), respectively, and two adjacent support rods 1 (42) and support rods 2 (43) being plugged in and slidably connected.

7. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the sliding column (41) is fixedly connected to a support block (39), and one end of the support block (39) is rotatably provided with an eccentric block (49), and the eccentric block (49) is in contact with one side of the second support rod (43).

8. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the support block (39) is fixedly connected to the motor six (40), and the output end of the motor six (40) is fixedly connected to one end of the eccentric block (49). One side of the slide column (41) is provided with a spring two (47), and one end of the spring two (47) is fixedly connected to the slider (44), and the other end is fixedly connected to the collecting plate (7).

9. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting plate (7) is also provided with a material shifting assembly; The material shifting assembly includes a turntable (32) rotatably arranged on one side of the material collecting plate (7), a toggle block (31) is plugged and slidably connected to one side of the turntable (32), one end of the toggle block (31) is fixedly connected to a spring (46), and the other end of the spring (46) is fixedly connected to the turntable (32), one side of the material collecting plate (7) is fixedly connected to a motor (45), and the output end of the motor (45) is fixedly connected to the turntable (32), and a through hole (30) is provided on one side of the material collecting plate (7), and when the turntable (32) rotates, the toggle block (31) can move at the through hole (30).

10. The automatic axle lathe for machining shafts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lathe body (1) is also provided with a detection-type turning component; The detection type turning assembly includes a cylinder 2 (12) fixedly connected to one side of the upper end of the support plate (10), the piston end of the cylinder 2 (12) is rotatably connected to a connecting block (25), one end of the connecting block (25) is rotatably provided with a rotating block (26), one end of the rotating block (26) is fixedly connected to a flip block (27), and the other end is fixedly connected to a pressure sensor (28), one end of the connecting block (25) is fixedly connected to a motor 8 (50), the output end of the motor 8 (50) is fixedly connected to the rotating block (26), one side of the piston end of the cylinder 2 (12) is fixedly connected to a motor 9 (51), and the output end of the motor 9 (51) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block (25).

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