River channel dike dam device
Through the design of multi-bar mechanism and float system, the impact energy of floating objects is converted into elastic potential energy and gravity potential energy, solving the problems of easy damage and poor energy dissipation of rigid berths, and achieving efficient protection and extended service life of berth structures.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510904053.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-12
AI Technical Summary
When the existing rigid berth guard devices face the impact of high-speed floating objects, their structure is easily damaged, their maintenance costs are high, and their energy dissipation capabilities are poor, so they cannot effectively resolve impact energy.
The multi-rod mechanism and float system are adopted, combined with the pawl and spinous bar design, and the impact kinetic energy of the floating object is converted into elastic potential energy and gravity potential energy through hinge rotation and spring elastic compression. The float is adaptively adjusted with the change of water level to achieve active dissipation of impact force.
It significantly reduces the impact load of the berth structure, reduces the risk of structural deformation and damage, extends service life, improves fatigue resistance, and is suitable for high-frequency impact scenarios.
Smart Images
Figure CN120465416A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to hydraulic machinery equipment, in particular to a river embankment protection device. Background Art
[0002] River embankments are a crucial component of water conservancy projects, playing a crucial role in ensuring riverbank stability, flood control, and protecting coastal ecosystems and infrastructure. In practice, especially during the spring thaw and summer and autumn flood seasons, large amounts of hard debris, such as thawing ice, fallen trees, and other types of solid waste (collectively referred to as floating debris or impact debris), often drift along the river. Carried along by high-speed currents, these floating objects exert a significant and sustained impact force on riverbanks, particularly at bends where the flow is turbulent or changes direction.
[0003] Existing technologies generally utilize rigid structures as the main body of a levee, such as concrete retaining walls, large masonry structures, or steel revetments. The core impact protection mechanism of these rigid levee systems relies on the structural strength and physical hardness of the material itself to directly block or withstand the impact of floating objects. However, this approach has significant drawbacks: 1. High impact loads can easily cause structural damage: Rigid structures cannot effectively absorb or mitigate impact energy. Direct impact with floating objects (especially high-speed ice blocks or heavy objects) generates enormous instantaneous impact forces, which are concentrated at the point of contact. This massive impact load can easily cause surface cracking and damage to the rigid levee itself, and even internal damage and instability. This problem is particularly acute under high-frequency impacts or high-intensity impact objects (such as large ice blocks). 2. Passive and costly solutions: To withstand these enormous impact forces and extend service life, existing technologies typically employ passive reinforcement strategies, significantly increasing the material content of the rigid structure (such as thickening concrete walls, increasing the volume or density of stone blocks, and using thicker steel) to improve its impact resistance. However, this not only significantly increases raw material costs, transportation, and construction difficulties, but also makes the embankment structure more cumbersome, places higher demands on foundations, has poor overall economic efficiency, and may impact the river's ecological landscape. Third, poor energy dissipation: Rigid barriers essentially convert the kinetic energy of floating objects into impact stress waves and structural deformation (or even destruction) through collision. They lack an effective mechanism for actively dissipating or converting energy. Impact forces cannot be effectively "released" or "dissipated," with most of the energy transferred to the embankment structure itself, accelerating material fatigue and damage, especially during flood season or thaw periods when impacts are frequent.
[0004] In summary, existing rigid embankment protection devices have problems such as poor impact resistance, fragile structure, or high maintenance costs when facing the strong impact of spring thaw and high-speed floating objects during flood season. There is an urgent need for a new embankment protection technology that can more intelligently and effectively dissipate impact energy, reduce the risk of damage to the structure itself, and improve protection capabilities and service life. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical task of the present invention is to provide a river embankment protection device in view of the above deficiencies in the existing technology.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a river embankment device, characterized in that it includes a plurality of embankment units, each embankment unit includes a fixed rod, an arc rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a frame and a float; a plurality of fixing parts are installed on the fixed rod, and the fixed rod is installed on the river embankment through the fixing parts, and the fixed rod is provided with a spine; the frame is a cylindrical structure, which is sleeved on the fixed rod and can slide back and forth along the fixed rod; the lower end of the arc rod is hinged to the lower end of the frame, the upper end of the arc rod is inclined forward and upward, and the upper end of the arc rod is bent forward; the arc rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the frame are hinged to form a four-bar mechanism, and a tension spring is provided on the four-bar mechanism. Through the action of the tension spring, when the four-bar mechanism is subjected to external force, When the shape is deformed, it returns to its position; each group of embankment units is connected by a horizontal connecting rod; the two ends of the horizontal connecting rod are respectively installed on the arc-shaped rods of two adjacent embankment units, and the horizontal connecting rod moves with the two arc-shaped rods; the float includes a float rod and a float body, and the rear end of the float rod is hinged to the upper end of the frame; the rear end of the first connecting rod is respectively provided with a first pawl and a second pawl adapted to the ratchet, wherein the first pawl is inclined downward and the second pawl is inclined upward; the float rod is provided with a first stopper near the rear end, and the first stopper is located between the first pawl and the second pawl; when the float rises, the second pawl is lifted up by the first stopper to disengage it from the ratchet; when the float descends, the first pawl is lifted up by the first stopper to disengage it from the ratchet.
[0007] The above-mentioned first connecting rod is inclined in the direction from front to back, and the rear end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the frame; the second connecting rod is inclined in the direction from front to back, and the front end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the rear end of the second connecting rod, and the front end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the arc rod; a tension spring is provided between the rear end of the second connecting rod and the lower end of the frame.
[0008] The frame is provided with a third pawl and a fourth pawl adapted to the ratchet; the third pawl is tilted downward, and the fourth pawl is tilted upward; a second stopper and a third stopper are respectively provided on the float rod at positions corresponding to the third pawl and the fourth pawl; when the float descends, the third pawl is pushed forward by the second stopper to disengage it from the ratchet; when the float rises, the fourth pawl is pushed upward by the third stopper to disengage it from the ratchet.
[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects: 1. Efficient kinetic energy conversion significantly reduces impact damage. The hinged rotating structure combined with the elastic compression of the spring converts the linear impact kinetic energy of floating objects (such as ice and debris) into: spring elastic potential energy (buffering and absorbing energy) and gravitational potential energy (rotational lifting of debris). The impact force is actively dissipated rather than rigidly borne, reducing the instantaneous impact load on the embankment structure by over 70%, significantly minimizing the risk of structural deformation or damage. 2. Adaptive flexible protection extends service life. The spring mechanism has self-reset capability, automatically returning to its initial state after an impact. The hinge rotation angle dynamically adjusts with the impact force, eliminating the need for manual intervention. Suitable for high-frequency, variable-intensity impact scenarios (such as continuous impacts during flood season), the structural fatigue resistance is significantly enhanced, and the service life is increased by more than three times. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention.
[0011] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a embankment unit.
[0012] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the embankment unit.
[0013] Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of the embankment unit.
[0014] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the pawl.
[0015] Figure 6 It is a partial exploded view of the fixing rod and its attached structure.
[0016] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the float structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0018] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the present invention includes a plurality of embankment units, each of which includes a fixed rod 1, an arc-shaped rod 2, a first connecting rod 5, a second connecting rod 4, a frame 6, and a float 8. For ease of description, the direction toward the embankment is defined as the rear direction, and the direction toward the river water is defined as the front direction.
[0019] like Figure 2 、 6 As shown, a plurality of fixing members 9 are installed on the fixing rod 1 , and the fixing rod 1 is installed on the river bank through the fixing members 9 . The fixing rod 1 is provided with a ratchet 18 .
[0020] The frame 6 is a cylindrical structure that is sleeved on the fixed rod 1 and can slide back and forth along the fixed rod 1. The lower end of the arc rod 2 is hinged to the lower end of the frame 6, the upper end of the arc rod 2 is tilted toward the front and upper part, and the upper end of the arc rod 2 is bent toward the front. The first connecting rod 5 is tilted from the front upper part to the rear lower part, and the rear end of the first connecting rod 5 is hinged to the upper end of the frame 6; the second connecting rod 4 is tilted from the front lower part to the rear upper part, the front end of the first connecting rod 5 is hinged to the rear end of the second connecting rod 4, and the front end of the second connecting rod 4 is hinged to the arc rod 2. A tension spring 7 is provided between the rear end of the second connecting rod 4 and the lower end of the frame 6.
[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, each group of embankment units is connected by a horizontal connecting rod 3. The two ends of the horizontal connecting rod 3 are respectively installed on the arc rods 2 of two adjacent embankment units, and the horizontal connecting rod 3 moves with the two arc rods 2.
[0022] When impacted by debris on the water's surface, curved rod 2 deflects upward and rearward. The connection between first link 5 and second link 4 pushes upward, extending tension spring 7. This partially converts the object's kinetic energy into the spring's elastic potential energy, reducing the impact on the dike system and the embankment. A floating object, upon striking horizontal link 3 or curved rod 2, experiences two possible motion patterns: one is a rearward and upward deflection along with horizontal link 3 and curved rod 2; the other is a forward and downward slide along curved rod 2. When deflecting upward and rearward, the object's height increases, converting some of its kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy. When sliding downward and rearward, the object's depth underwater increases, dissipating some of its kinetic energy by pushing it downward, dissipating the kinetic energy.
[0023] Since the water level of the river is different in different seasons and weather, the water level drops in the dry season and rises in the flood season, the height of the float needs to rise and fall with the height of the water surface, so the arc rod 2 and the horizontal connecting rod 3 directly facing the float should also rise and fall accordingly.
[0024] like Figure 4 、 7As shown, the float 8 includes a float rod 16 and a float body 17. The rear end of the float rod 16 is hinged to the upper end of the frame 6. The rear end of the first connecting rod 5 is provided with a first pawl 12 and a second pawl 13, which are adapted to the ratchet 18. The first pawl 12 is tilted downward, and the second pawl 13 is tilted upward. A first stopper 19 is provided near the rear end of the float rod 16, located between the first pawl 12 and the second pawl 13.
[0025] When a floating object strikes the first connecting rod 5, it moves up and down, which in turn drives the first pawl 12 and the second pawl 13 to swing up and down. When the first pawl 12 engages the ratchet 18, it pushes the ratchet 18 downward; when the second pawl 13 engages the ratchet 18, it pushes the ratchet 18 upward. Since the ratchet 18 is fixed in position, the reaction force pushes the first connecting rod 5 and the frame 6 in the opposite direction.
[0026] When the water level rises, the float 8 rises accordingly, and the first stopper 19 rises, pushing up the second pawl 13 and disengaging it from the ratchet 18. At this time, only the first pawl 12 is stuck on the ratchet 18, and the first pawl 12 swings up and down with the first connecting rod 5. The first pawl 12 pushes the ratchet 18 downward, and the ratchet 18 pushes the frame 6 upward through the reaction force. When the water level drops, the float 8 drops accordingly, and the first stopper 19 drops, pushing up the first pawl 12 and disengaging it from the ratchet 18. At this time, only the second pawl 13 is stuck on the ratchet 18, and the second pawl 13 swings up and down with the first connecting rod 5. The second pawl 13 pushes the ratchet 18 upward, and the ratchet 18 pushes the frame 6 downward through the reaction force. In this way, the arc rod 2 and the horizontal connecting rod 3 can rise and fall with the rise and fall of the water level.
[0027] To prevent the first pawl 12 or the second pawl 13 from disengaging from the ratchet 18, causing the frame 6 to move backward, a third pawl 10 and a fourth pawl 14 are provided on the frame 6 to correspond to the ratchet 18. The third pawl 10 is tilted downward, and the fourth pawl 14 is tilted upward. A second stopper 11 and a third stopper 15 are provided on the float rod 16 at positions corresponding to the third pawl 10 and the fourth pawl 14, respectively. When the float 8 descends, the second stopper 11 pushes the third pawl 10 forward to disengage from the ratchet 18. When the float 8 ascends, the third stopper 15 pushes the fourth pawl 14 upward to disengage from the ratchet 18. The third pawl 10 and the fourth pawl 14 effectively prevent the frame 6 from moving in the opposite direction.
[0028] It should be noted that the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes to it without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A river embankment protection device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of embankment protection units, each of which comprises a fixed rod, an arc rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a frame and a float; a plurality of fixing parts are installed on the fixed rod, and the fixed rod is installed on the river bank through the fixing parts, and a ratchet is provided on the fixed rod; the frame is a cylindrical structure, which is sleeved on the fixed rod and can slide back and forth along the fixed rod; the lower end of the arc rod is hinged to the lower end of the frame, the upper end of the arc rod is inclined forward and upward, and the upper end of the arc rod is bent forward; the arc rod, the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the frame are hinged to form a four-bar mechanism, and a tension spring is provided on the four-bar mechanism, which is caused to return to its original position when deformed by an external force through the action of the tension spring; each group of embankment protection units is connected The two ends of the horizontal connecting rod are respectively installed on the arc rods of two adjacent embankment units, and the horizontal connecting rod moves with the two arc rods; the float includes a float rod and a float body, and the rear end of the float rod is hinged to the upper end of the frame; the rear end of the first connecting rod is respectively provided with a first pawl and a second pawl adapted to the ratchet, wherein the first pawl is inclined downward and the second pawl is inclined upward; the float rod is provided with a first stopper near the rear end, and the first stopper is located between the first pawl and the second pawl; when the float rises, the second pawl is lifted up by the first stopper to disengage it from the ratchet; when the float descends, the first pawl is lifted up by the first stopper to disengage it from the ratchet.
2. A river embankment protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting rod is inclined in a direction from front to back, and the rear end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the upper end of the frame; the second connecting rod is inclined in a direction from front to back, and the front end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the rear end of the second connecting rod, and the front end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the arc rod; a tension spring is provided between the rear end of the second connecting rod and the lower end of the frame.
3. A river embankment protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is provided with a third pawl and a fourth pawl adapted to the ratchet; the third pawl is inclined downward, and the fourth pawl is inclined upward; a second stopper and a third stopper are respectively provided on the float rod at positions corresponding to the third pawl and the fourth pawl; when the float descends, the third pawl is pushed forward by the second stopper to disengage it from the ratchet; when the float rises, the fourth pawl is pushed upward by the third stopper to disengage it from the ratchet.