Anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy and a construction method.The anchor cable bearing plate based on the memory alloy comprises a limiting plate connected to the end of an anchor cable, and a bearing plate body is arranged on the side, close to the anchor cable, of the limiting plate; the bearing plate is a memory metal plate; the bearing plate is in a cylindrical spiral line shape in a normal-temperature state; the bearing plate is in a conical spiral line shape after being heated; guide grooves are formed in the outer edge of the top of the bearing plate and the inner edge of the bottom of the bearing plate. When anchor cable construction is carried out, operation is easy, the construction difficulty is low, and therefore construction personnel can carry out anchor cable construction more conveniently, and the construction efficiency is higher; compared with an existing anchor cable, the constructed anchor cable is higher in connection stability, wider in stress surface and higher in anchoring force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anchor cable construction, and in particular to an anchor cable pressure-bearing plate based on memory alloy and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geotechnical engineering, anchor cable anchoring technology is widely used in engineering scenarios such as slope reinforcement, tunnel support, and foundation pit support. Its core lies in transferring the tension of the anchor cable to the stratum through the pressure plate, thereby achieving a stabilizing effect on the rock and soil.

[0003] Anchor cables are divided into tension type and pressure type according to the stress mode of the anchor body. The ultimate bearing capacity of the anchor section is generally controlled by the lateral friction resistance of the rock and soil: when the anchor length is less than the critical value, the anchor force increases with the increase of the anchor length; when the tension type anchor body is pulled, after reaching the critical value of tension, cracks will appear between the upper end anchor body and the rock and soil, and damage will occur; when the pressure plate of the conventional pressure type anchor cable is pulled, the lower end anchor body will be compressed, and after reaching the critical value of tension, cracks will appear between the upper end anchor body and the rock and soil, and damage will occur. If the dispersed type (multi-group anchor section) anchor cable is not used, when the rock and soil of the anchor hole wall and the anchor material are certain, the ultimate anchoring force of the anchor cable will be Certain, tension type, pressure type , tension and compression combination type is .

[0004] From the mechanism analysis, the expanded bottom anchor can break the limit of the ultimate anchoring force of the pressure anchor: when the strength of the anchor material meets the requirements, the ultimate anchoring force , is the bearing capacity of the rock and soil foundation on the bearing plate, A is the plate area. The development of bottom anchor cables and construction technology can bring huge economic benefits to the engineering industry, and the research is of great significance.

[0005] However, in the existing method of anchor cable construction, the bottom expansion anchor cable construction is difficult and inefficient, and the contact surface at the bottom expansion position after construction is insufficient, resulting in insufficient anchoring force. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an anchor cable pressure plate and a construction method based on memory alloy, so as to solve the problems of high difficulty in anchor cable construction and poor anchoring force in the existing method.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The anchor cable pressure plate based on memory alloy includes a limit plate connected to the end of the anchor cable, and a pressure plate is provided on the side of the limit plate close to the anchor cable; The pressure plate is a memory metal plate; The pressure plate is in the shape of a cylindrical spiral at room temperature; The pressure plate takes on a conical spiral shape after being heated.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, guide grooves are provided on the outer edge of the top of the pressure plate and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure plate.

[0009] In the preferred solution, a locking plate and a locking device are provided outside the anchor cable; The diameter of the locking plate is larger than the diameter of the anchor hole and is located at the opening of the anchor hole. The locking device is fixed to the anchor cable and rests against the locking plate. An operating hole is provided on the locking plate.

[0010] In a preferred solution, a partition is provided on the anchor cable, and an expansion ring is provided on the outer periphery of the partition; The partition is provided with a through hole; The oil filling pipe passes through the operation hole and the through hole, and the oil filling pipe is externally connected to the oil filling equipment.

[0011] In a preferred solution, the outer jacket of the anchor cable is provided with a spiral disc, which is spiral-shaped and has a gap between it and the anchor cable; A connecting rod is provided at the top of the spiral disk, and the connecting rod passes through the operating hole; A control panel is provided at the top of the connecting rod; The bottom surface of the spiral disk is provided with a light strip for heating; A sensor is provided at the bottom end of the spiral disk.

[0012] The anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Drill anchor holes in the anchor cable construction area and expand the bottom of the anchor holes; S2, lowering the anchor cable with the pressure plate, which is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate is a memory metal pressure plate, which is a cylindrical spiral at room temperature and a conical spiral after heating; S3, heating the pressure plate, causing the pressure plate to deform due to the heat; Applying tension; S4. The anchor cable is locked at the anchor hole mouth and the anchor cable construction is completed.

[0013] In a preferred solution, S3 includes: S311, placing a grouting pipe into the anchor hole; S312, pouring the high exothermic C40 fine stone concrete to the bottom of the hole through the grouting pipe for the first time, so that the pressure plate reaches the transition temperature, and the pressure plate changes from a cylindrical spiral line to a conical spiral line; S313, the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; S314, when the first pouring concrete strength reaches 70%-80%, apply the first tensioning force ; S315, pouring C30 or C40 fine stone concrete through the grouting pipe for the second time; S316, wait for the second pouring concrete strength to reach 75%, apply the second tension , total tension .

[0014] In a preferred solution, S3 includes: S321, placing an oil filling pipe into the anchor hole; S322, injecting hot oil into the bottom of the hole through the oil injection pipe, so that the pressure plate reaches a transition temperature, causing the pressure plate to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S323, the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Applying tension; After the anchor is used: S5. Unlock the anchor cable, loosen the anchor cable, and reset the pressure plate; S6. Remove the anchor cable and pressure plate.

[0015] In a preferred solution, a perforated partition is provided on the anchor cable. After the anchor cable is placed, the hole of the partition is positioned above the anchor cable. The oil filling pipe is passed through the hole of the partition. A sealing ring is provided between the oil filling pipe and the partition; A memory metal expansion ring is provided on the outer ring of the partition. After hot oil is injected, the memory metal expansion ring expands and presses against the inner wall of the anchor hole to complete the sealing between the partition and the anchor hole.

[0016] In a preferred solution, S3 includes: S331. A hollow rod is provided, a heating lamp is provided at the end of the hollow rod, and the heating lamp is connected to an external power supply; S332, the heating lamp is powered on to heat the pressure plate; S333, the pressure plate reaches a transition temperature, causing the pressure plate to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S334, the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Applying tension; Included in S4: S41, locking the anchor cable at the anchor hole; S42, remove the hollow rod and the heating lamp; S43. Anchor cable construction is completed.

[0017] The present invention provides an anchor cable pressure plate and construction method based on memory alloy. By adopting the above solution, the following beneficial effects are achieved: 1. The operation is simple and the construction difficulty is low during the anchor cable construction, which makes it easier for construction workers to carry out the anchor cable construction and improves the construction efficiency.

[0018] 2. Use a variety of construction methods to construct anchor cables and their bearing plates to adapt to different construction environments and conditions, with better adaptability.

[0019] 3. Compared with the existing anchor cables, the anchor cables after construction have higher connection stability, wider force-bearing surface and higher anchoring force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the construction process of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the construction process of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: Anchor cable 1, limiting plate 2, pressure plate 3, guide groove 301, locking plate 401, locking device 402, operating hole 403, partition 5, through hole 501, expansion ring 502, oil filling pipe 6, connecting rod 701, spiral disk 702, light strip 703, sensor 704, control panel 705. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the anchor cable pressure plate based on memory alloy includes an anchor cable 1, and a pressure plate 3 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 1; the pressure plate 3 is a memory metal plate, and under normal conditions, Figure 1 As shown, the pressure plate 3 is a cylindrical spiral wound around the outside of the anchor cable 1. After heating, the pressure plate 3 gradually changes into a conical spiral. A limiting plate 2 is provided at the end of the anchor cable 1, and one end of the pressure plate 3 is fixedly connected to the limiting plate 2.

[0023] The memory metal material used for the pressure plate 3 is preferably nickel-titanium alloy.

[0024] When it is necessary to connect the anchor cable, the end of the pressure plate 3 of the anchor cable 1 is extended into the expanded hole at the bottom of the anchor hole, and then the pressure plate 3 is heated to change it from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape. Then the anchor cable 1 is pulled, and the pressure plate 3 is pressed against the inner wall of the expanded hole at the bottom of the anchor hole. Then the pulling is continued to make the limit plate 2 become a plate body. Finally, the tension-compression combined high prestressed anchor cable connection of this application is completed by pouring, and the connection has better stability and better anchoring force.

[0025] Furthermore, the outer edge of the top of the pressure plate 3 and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure plate 3 are both provided with guide grooves 301; when the pressure plate 3 is pulled to become a plate body, the guide grooves 301 are used for connection to ensure stability.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the anchor cable 1 is externally provided with a locking plate 401 and a locking device 402. The locking device 402 is preferably a nut compatible with the anchor cable 1 or a clamp-type locking block, the specific selection of which is based on actual conditions. The locking plate 401 has a diameter larger than the diameter of the anchor hole and is located at the anchor hole opening. The locking device 402 is fixed to the anchor cable 1 and abuts the locking plate 401. The hook is connected to the anchor cable 1, and the locking device 402 is tightened to keep the locking plate 401 in close contact with the slope where the anchor hole opening is located, thereby preventing the anchor cable 1 from moving inward and ensuring stability after construction. The locking plate 401 is provided with an operation hole 403 for operations such as grouting.

[0027] Example 2: like Figure 2 As shown, the anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Drill anchor holes in the anchor cable construction area and expand the bottom of the anchor holes; The anchor hole forming and anchor hole bottom expansion are completed using existing anchor hole drilling equipment.

[0028] S2, lowering the anchor cable 1 with the pressure plate 3, the pressure plate 3 is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate 3 is a memory metal pressure plate, which is in the shape of a cylindrical spiral at room temperature and a conical spiral after being heated; S3, heating the pressure plate 3, causing the pressure plate 3 to deform due to the heat: S311, placing a grouting pipe into the anchor hole; S312, perform the first pouring through the grouting pipe, pouring high exothermic C40 fine stone concrete to the bottom of the hole, so that the pressure plate 3 reaches the transition temperature, and the pressure plate 3 changes from a cylindrical spiral line to a conical spiral line; S313, using existing tension equipment to apply tension to the anchor cable 1 to tighten the pressure plate 3, so that the pressure plate 3 changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; S314, when the first pouring concrete strength reaches 70%-80%, apply the first tensioning force ; S315, pouring C30 or C40 fine stone concrete through the grouting pipe for the second time; S316, wait for the second pouring concrete strength to reach 75%, apply the second tension , total tension ; S4. Anchor cable 1 is locked at the anchor hole mouth, and the anchor cable construction is completed.

[0029] This embodiment adopts the structure of Example 1. Through the solution of this embodiment, the construction of the anchor cable can be easily completed, the construction difficulty is reduced, the contact area between the bottom structure and the bottom hole of the anchor hole can be increased, the stability after connection is increased, and the anchoring force is made stronger.

[0030] Example 3: like Figure 3 As shown, the anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Drill anchor holes in the anchor cable construction area and expand the bottom of the anchor holes; The anchor hole forming and anchor hole bottom expansion are completed using existing anchor hole drilling equipment.

[0031] S2, lowering the anchor cable 1 with the pressure plate 3, the pressure plate 3 is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate 3 is a memory metal pressure plate, which is in the shape of a cylindrical spiral at room temperature and a conical spiral after being heated; S3, heating the pressure plate 3, causing the pressure plate 3 to deform due to the heat; S321, placing the oil filling pipe 6 into the anchor hole; S322, injecting hot oil into the bottom of the hole through the oil injection pipe 6, so that the pressure plate 3 reaches the transition temperature, and the pressure plate 3 changes from a cylindrical spiral line to a conical spiral line; S323, using existing equipment to apply tension to the anchor cable 1 to tighten the pressure plate 3, so that the pressure plate 3 changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Applying tension; S4, the anchor hole is locked with anchor cable 1, and the anchor cable construction is completed; This embodiment adopts the structure of embodiment 1, further simplifying the steps. The pressure plate 3 is heated by hot oil, and only oil needs to be injected into the anchor hole. The operation is simple and the efficiency is higher.

[0032] Furthermore, after the anchor cable 1 is used: S5, cancel the locking of the anchor cable 1, loosen the anchor cable 1, and reset the pressure plate 3; S6. Take out the anchor cable 1 and the pressure plate 3.

[0033] The anchor cable structure of the present application can be recovered after use and then used again after being tested and found to be correct, thereby reducing costs.

[0034] In a further embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the structure used in this embodiment also includes a partition 5 provided on the anchor cable 1, and an expansion ring 502 is provided on the outer periphery of the partition 5; a through hole 501 is provided in the partition 5; the oil filling pipe 6 passes through the operating hole 403 and the through hole 501, and the oil filling pipe 6 is connected to the external oil filling equipment.

[0035] After the anchor cable 1 is placed, the through hole 501 of the partition plate 5 is positioned above the anchor cable 1; the oil filling pipe 6 is passed through the through hole 501; A sealing ring is set between the oil filling pipe 6 and the partition 5; a memory metal expansion ring 502 is set on the outer ring of the partition 5, and the memory metal expansion ring 502 is preferably a nickel-titanium alloy ring; after hot oil is injected, the expansion ring 502 expands and presses against the inner wall of the anchor hole to complete the sealing between the partition 5 and the anchor hole.

[0036] When hot oil is injected, the hot oil will be blocked by the partition 5, so that the hot oil will accumulate at the bottom of the anchor hole faster, so that the pressure plate 3 can be deformed by heat faster, and the oil injection amount can be reduced, thereby reducing costs.

[0037] Example 4: like Figure 2 As shown, the anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy includes the following steps: S1. Drill anchor holes in the anchor cable construction area and expand the bottom of the anchor holes; The anchor hole forming and anchor hole bottom expansion are completed using existing anchor hole drilling equipment.

[0038] S2, lowering the anchor cable 1 with the pressure plate 3, the pressure plate 3 is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate 3 is a memory metal pressure plate, which is in the shape of a cylindrical spiral at room temperature and a conical spiral after being heated; S3, heating the pressure plate 3, causing the pressure plate 3 to deform due to the heat; S331. A hollow rod is provided, a heating lamp is provided at the end of the hollow rod, and the heating lamp is connected to an external power supply; The hollow rod is the connecting rod 701 and the heating lamp is the light strip 703, which is preferably an infrared heating lamp.

[0039] S332, the heating lamp is powered on to heat the pressure plate 3; S333, the pressure plate 3 reaches a transition temperature, so that the pressure plate 3 changes from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S334, the anchor cable 1 is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate 3 changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Applying tension; The pressure plate 3 is heated by electric drive, which has a simpler structure, simpler operation and higher safety.

[0040] S4. Anchor cable 1 is locked at the anchor hole, and the anchor cable construction is completed: S41, anchor cable 1 is locked at the anchor hole; S42, remove the hollow rod and the heating lamp; S43. Anchor cable construction is completed.

[0041] This embodiment adopts the structure in embodiment 1, such as Figure 5As shown, it also includes a spiral disc 702 provided on the outer cover of the anchor cable 1. The spiral disc 702 is spiral-shaped and there is a gap between the spiral disc 702 and the anchor cable 1. A connecting rod 701 is provided at the top of the spiral disk 702, which passes through the operating hole 403. The connecting rod 701 is hollow, allowing for wiring to pass through. A control panel 705 is provided at the top of the connecting rod 701. This control panel 705 can be an existing control panel and connected to an existing power supply. A light strip 703 is provided on the bottom of the spiral disk 702 for heating. Light strip 703 is preferably an infrared heating lamp. A sensor 704 is provided at the bottom of the spiral disk 702. Sensor 704 is preferably a temperature sensor, which detects the temperature and transmits it to the control panel 705 for display via existing methods.

[0042] When the pressure plate 3 is heated, the light strip 703 is controlled to work in an existing manner through the control panel 705. The control panel 705 acts as a switch. After the anchor cable 1 is connected and the pressure plate 3 is in place, the spiral disk 702 is pulled out through the connecting rod 701, driving the light strip 703 and the sensor 704 to move. Then, at the locking plate 401, the spiral disk 702 is rotated out of the operating hole 403 while moving outward, and the light strip 703 structure can be removed. The operation is simple and easy to use.

[0043] This application is applicable to the construction of anchor cables, but is not limited to the construction of anchor cables. It is also applicable to the construction of anchor rods, etc. The anchor cables cannot be interpreted as a limitation to this application.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions set forth in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions set forth in the claims. In other words, equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy is characterized by: It comprises a limiting plate (2) connected to the end of the anchor cable (1), and a pressure plate (3) is provided on a side of the limiting plate (2) close to the anchor cable (1); The pressure plate (3) is a memory metal plate; The pressure plate (3) is in the shape of a cylindrical spiral at room temperature; The pressure plate (3) is in a conical spiral shape after being heated.

2. The anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer edge of the top of the pressure plate (3) and the inner edge of the bottom of the pressure plate (3) are both provided with guide grooves (301).

3. The anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor cable (1) is provided with a locking plate (401) and a locking device (402) outside; The locking plate (401) has a diameter greater than that of the anchor hole and is located at the opening of the anchor hole. The locking device (402) is fixed to the anchor cable (1) and abuts against the locking plate (401). An operating hole (403) is provided on the locking plate (401).

4. The anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy according to claim 3 is characterized by: A partition (5) is provided on the anchor cable (1), and an expansion ring (502) is provided on the outer periphery of the partition (5); A through hole (501) is provided in the partition (5); The oil filling pipe (6) passes through the operation hole (403) and the through hole (501), and the oil filling pipe (6) is externally connected to the oil filling device.

5. The anchor cable bearing plate based on memory alloy according to claim 3 is characterized by: The outer cover of the anchor cable (1) is provided with a spiral disc (702), which is spiral-shaped and has a gap between it and the anchor cable (1); A connecting rod (701) is provided at the top end of the spiral disk (702), and the connecting rod (701) passes through the operating hole (403); A control panel (705) is provided at the top end of the connecting rod (701); The bottom surface of the spiral disk (702) is provided with a light strip (703) for heating; A sensor (704) is provided at the bottom end of the spiral disk (702).

6. The anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy is characterized by: The steps include: S1. Drill anchor holes in the anchor cable construction area and expand the bottom of the anchor holes; S2, lowering the anchor cable with the pressure plate, which is located at the bottom of the hole; The pressure plate is a memory metal pressure plate, which is a cylindrical spiral at room temperature and a conical spiral after heating; S3, heating the pressure plate, causing the pressure plate to deform due to the heat; Applying tension; S4. The anchor cable is locked at the anchor hole mouth and the anchor cable construction is completed.

7. The anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy according to claim 6 is characterized by: Included in S3: S311, placing a grouting pipe into the anchor hole; S312, pouring the high exothermic C40 fine stone concrete to the bottom of the hole through the grouting pipe for the first time, so that the pressure plate reaches the transition temperature, and the pressure plate changes from a cylindrical spiral line to a conical spiral line; S313, the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; S314: When the strength of the first pouring concrete reaches 70%-80%, apply the first tensioning force. ; S315, pouring C30 or C40 fine stone concrete through the grouting pipe for the second time; S316, wait for the second pouring concrete strength to reach 75%, apply the second tension , total tension .

8. The anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: Included in S3: S321, placing an oil filling pipe into the anchor hole; S322, injecting hot oil into the bottom of the hole through the oil injection pipe, so that the pressure plate reaches a transition temperature, causing the pressure plate to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S323, the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Applying tension; After the anchor is used: S5. Unlock the anchor cable, loosen the anchor cable, and reset the pressure plate; S6. Remove the anchor cable and pressure plate.

9. The anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy according to claim 8 is characterized in that: A perforated partition is set on the anchor cable. After the anchor cable is placed, the hole of the partition is located above the anchor cable; the oil filling pipe is passed through the hole on the partition; A sealing ring is provided between the oil filling pipe and the partition; A memory metal expansion ring is provided on the outer ring of the partition. After hot oil is injected, the memory metal expansion ring expands and presses against the inner wall of the anchor hole to complete the sealing between the partition and the anchor hole.

10. The anchor cable construction method based on memory alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: Included in S3: S331. A hollow rod is provided, a heating lamp is provided at the end of the hollow rod, and the heating lamp is connected to an external power supply; S332, the heating lamp is powered on to heat the pressure plate; S333, the pressure plate reaches a transition temperature, causing the pressure plate to change from a cylindrical spiral shape to a conical spiral shape; S334, the anchor cable is tightened by applying tension, and the bearing plate changes from a conical spiral shape to a circular plate shape; Applying tension; Included in S4: S41, locking the anchor cable at the anchor hole; S42, remove the hollow rod and the heating lamp; S43. Anchor cable construction is completed.

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