Hydraulic hammer with built-in piston energy accumulator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic impact hammers, in particular to a hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston energy accumulator, which comprises a cylinder body, an oil inlet channel and an oil return channel. The first energy storage mechanism comprises a first cavity and a first sealing assembly arranged in the direction of the central axis of the first cavity in a reciprocating sliding mode. The first sealing assembly divides the first cavity into a first hydraulic oil chamber and a first nitrogen chamber which are independent of each other, and the first hydraulic oil chamber communicates with the oil inlet channel. The second energy storage mechanism comprises a second cavity and a second sealing assembly which is arranged in the direction of the central axis of the second cavity in a reciprocating sliding mode; the second sealing assembly divides the first cavity into a second hydraulic oil chamber and a second nitrogen chamber which are independent of each other, the second hydraulic oil chamber is communicated with the oil return channel, and the first cavity is not communicated with the second cavity. By means of the built-in piston energy accumulator, the problems that when a hydraulic hammer works, hydraulic oil generates a water hammer effect in a hydraulic oil pipeline, a hydraulic system is unstable, and the service life is short are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic impact hammers, in particular to a hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator. Background Art

[0002] In infrastructure construction, using excavators equipped with hydraulic hammers to break reinforced concrete or underground rock is a common construction machinery and method. Hydraulic rock drills are also widely used in mining blasting operations to impact and break drilled holes, which are then filled with explosives to achieve blasting. The faster the impact frequency of a hydraulic hammer, the higher the efficiency of the crushing operation. However, this can cause the reversing valve within the hydraulic hammer to generate larger and more intense impact vibrations when switching at high frequencies. This is especially true when the hydraulic oil line is long and the hydraulic oil flow rate exceeds 3-5 m / s, which can cause a "water hammer" effect within the hydraulic oil line, which can easily damage the hydraulic oil line and hydraulic oil line joints.

[0003] Hydraulic breakers and rock drills were introduced to China from abroad in the 1970s and 1980s. To address the impact and vibration issues associated with hydraulic hammers, existing foreign technology typically employed an oil port within the hammer body, with a diaphragm-type shock-absorbing accumulator installed outside the hammer body. This external accumulator installation increased the overall hydraulic hammer's installation size, making it difficult to install on certain equipment with limited installation space.

[0004] Furthermore, when the hydraulic oil line on a hydraulic hammer is very long, exceeding 30 meters, it can produce a "water hammer" effect during use. This effect causes the instantaneous pressure in the hydraulic system to be extremely high, even exceeding 30-40 MPa. Since the diaphragm of the accumulator is made of rubber, it can easily be punctured and damaged by high pressure shocks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator to solve the problem that the existing external accumulator is inconvenient to use and the impact force generated by the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil pipeline can easily damage the external accumulator, causing the hydraulic system to be unstable and the service life to be short.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator, comprising: The hydraulic hammer comprises a cylinder body and an oil inlet channel and an oil return channel arranged along the central axis of the hydraulic hammer; a first energy storage mechanism for absorbing impact forces in the oil inlet passage through a buffering effect, the first energy storage mechanism comprising a first chamber disposed within the cylinder of the hydraulic hammer and a first sealing assembly configured to reciprocate and slide along a central axis of the first chamber; the first sealing assembly dividing the first chamber into a first hydraulic oil chamber and a first nitrogen chamber, which are independent of each other; the first hydraulic oil chamber being in communication with the oil inlet passage, and the first nitrogen chamber being filled with nitrogen via a first charging assembly; The second energy storage mechanism is used to absorb the impact force in the oil return channel through a buffering effect. The second energy storage mechanism includes a second chamber arranged in the cylinder body of the hydraulic hammer and a second sealing assembly arranged to slide back and forth along the central axis of the second chamber. The second sealing assembly divides the first chamber into a second hydraulic oil chamber and a second nitrogen chamber that are independent of each other. The second hydraulic oil chamber is connected to the oil return channel. The second nitrogen chamber is filled with nitrogen through a second charging assembly. The first chamber and the second chamber are not connected.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the first chamber is larger than the diameter of the oil inlet channel, and the diameter of the second chamber is larger than the diameter of the oil return channel.

[0008] Preferably, the central axes of the first chamber and the second chamber are perpendicular to the central axes of the oil inlet channel and the oil return channel respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the central axes of the first chamber and the second chamber coincide with the central axes of the oil inlet channel and the oil return channel respectively.

[0010] Preferably, air bags for buffering are provided in the first nitrogen chamber and the second nitrogen chamber.

[0011] Preferably, springs for buffering are provided in the first nitrogen chamber and the second nitrogen chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the first sealing assembly includes a first piston that slides back and forth along the axis of the first chamber and a first sealing ring embedded in the outer circumference of the first piston; The second sealing assembly includes a second piston that slides back and forth along the axis of the second chamber and a second sealing ring embedded in the outer periphery of the second piston.

[0013] Preferably, the first piston and the second piston are both made of metal, silicon-based or plastic materials; the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are both made of polyurethane, fluororubber or nitrile rubber.

[0014] Preferably, the first inflation component includes a first plug fixedly disposed in the first chamber and having a first inflation hole communicating with the first nitrogen chamber, and a first inflation plug communicating with the first inflation hole for filling nitrogen is provided on a side of the first plug away from the first nitrogen chamber; The second inflation component includes a second plug fixedly arranged in the second chamber and having a second inflation hole connected to the second nitrogen chamber. The second plug is provided with a second inflation plug connected to the second inflation hole for filling nitrogen on a side away from the second nitrogen chamber.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention disposes a first chamber and a second chamber connected to the oil inlet and return channels within the cylinder of the hydraulic hammer. When the hydraulic hammer is operating, hydraulic oil in the oil inlet and return lines drives the hydraulic hammer core to reciprocate up and down, imparting a certain impact force to the hydraulic oil. This impact force pushes the first and second sealing assemblies toward the first and second nitrogen chambers, compressing the nitrogen contained therein. This nitrogen compression absorbs the impact energy of the hydraulic oil, effectively reducing vibration in the hydraulic oil pipe and extending the service life of the hydraulic oil pipe and related accessories. Furthermore, the independent first and second chambers prevent mutual interference between the two energy storage mechanisms, ensuring that each independently buffers the impact force of the oil inlet and return, further improving the stability of the hydraulic system.

[0016] In the present invention, the diameter of the first chamber (the second chamber) is larger than the diameter of the oil inlet channel (the oil return channel). When the hydraulic oil flows into the first chamber and the second chamber with a larger cross-section, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil will be significantly reduced due to the increase in the buffer volume, and the impact force of the hydraulic oil will be initially attenuated. Compared with the same diameter, the instantaneous impact force of the hydraulic oil on the first piston and the second piston is significantly reduced, thereby further improving the stability of the hydraulic system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator (the accumulator mechanism is arranged vertically); Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator (the accumulator is arranged horizontally); Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 A top view of the first energy storage mechanism and the second energy storage mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6A schematic diagram of a structure in which springs are provided for the first nitrogen chamber and the second nitrogen chamber; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the airbags provided for the first nitrogen chamber and the second nitrogen chamber.

[0018] In the figure: 10, hydraulic hammer; 101, oil inlet channel; 102, oil return channel; 20, cylinder; 30. First energy storage mechanism; 301. First chamber; 3011. First hydraulic oil chamber; 3012. First nitrogen chamber; 302. First sealing assembly; 3021. First piston; 3022. First sealing ring; 303. First inflation assembly; 3031. First plug; 30311. First inflation hole; 3032. First inflation plug; 40. Second energy storage mechanism; 401. Second chamber; 4011. Second hydraulic oil chamber; 4012. Second nitrogen chamber; 402. Second sealing assembly; 4021. Second piston; 4022. Second sealing ring; 403. Second inflation assembly; 4031. Second plug; 40311. Second inflation hole; 4032. Second inflation plug; 50. Airbag; 60. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, a hydraulic hammer 10 with a built-in piston accumulator includes: The hydraulic hammer 10 includes a cylinder 20 and an oil inlet passage 101 and an oil return passage 102 arranged along the central axis of the hydraulic hammer 10 .

[0021] The first energy storage mechanism 30 is used to absorb the impact force in the oil inlet passage 101 through a buffering effect. The first energy storage mechanism 30 includes a first chamber 301 disposed in the cylinder 20 of the hydraulic hammer 10 and a first sealing assembly 302 that is reciprocatingly slidable along the central axis of the first chamber 301. The first sealing assembly 302 divides the first chamber 301 into a first hydraulic oil chamber 3011 and a first nitrogen chamber 3012 that are independent of each other. The first hydraulic oil chamber 3011 is in communication with the oil inlet passage 101, and the first nitrogen chamber 3012 is filled with nitrogen via a first charging assembly 303. The second energy storage mechanism 40 is used to absorb the impact force in the return oil channel 102 through a buffering effect. The second energy storage mechanism 40 includes a second chamber 401 disposed in the cylinder 20 of the hydraulic hammer 10 and a second sealing assembly 402 that is reciprocatingly slidable along the central axis of the second chamber 401. The second sealing assembly 402 divides the first chamber 301 into a second hydraulic oil chamber 4011 and a second nitrogen chamber 4012 that are independent of each other. The second hydraulic oil chamber 4011 is connected to the return oil channel 102, and the second nitrogen chamber 4012 is filled with nitrogen via a second charging assembly 403. The first chamber 301 and the second chamber 401 are not connected.

[0022] This embodiment provides a first chamber 301 and a second chamber 401 within the cylinder 20 of the hydraulic hammer 10, communicating with the oil inlet and return passages 101 and 102. When the hydraulic hammer 10 is operating, the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet and return lines drives the hammer core 10 in reciprocating motion, imparting a certain impact force to the hydraulic oil. This impact force pushes the first and second sealing assemblies 302 and 402 toward the first and second nitrogen chambers 3012 and 4012, compressing the nitrogen contained therein. This nitrogen compression absorbs the impact energy of the hydraulic oil, effectively reducing vibration in the hydraulic oil pipes and extending the service life of the hydraulic oil pipes and related accessories. Furthermore, the independent first and second chambers 301 and 401 prevent mutual interference between the two energy storage mechanisms, ensuring that each independently buffers the impact force of the oil inlet and return lines, further enhancing the stability of the hydraulic system.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the first sealing assembly 302 includes a first piston 3021 that slides back and forth along the axial direction of the first chamber 301 and a first sealing ring 3022 embedded in the outer periphery of the first piston 3021; the second sealing assembly 402 includes a second piston 4021 that slides back and forth along the axial direction of the second chamber 401 and a second sealing ring 4022 embedded in the outer periphery of the second piston 4021.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first piston 3021 and the second piston 4021 are both made of metal, silicon-based or plastic materials, wherein the metal includes but is not limited to copper, iron, aluminum, etc.; the first sealing ring 3022 and the second sealing ring 4022 are both made of polyurethane, fluororubber or nitrile rubber.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the diameter of the first chamber 301 is larger than the diameter of the oil inlet channel 101 , and the diameter of the second chamber 401 is larger than the diameter of the oil return channel 102 .

[0026] It can be understood that when the hydraulic oil flows into the first chamber 301 and the second chamber 401 with a larger cross-section, the flow rate of the hydraulic oil will be significantly reduced due to the increase in the buffer volume, and the impact force of the hydraulic oil will be initially attenuated. Compared with the same diameter, the instantaneous impact force of the hydraulic oil on the first piston 3021 and the second piston 4021 is significantly reduced, further improving the stability of the hydraulic system.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the central axes of the first chamber 301 and the second chamber 401 are respectively perpendicular to the central axes of the oil inlet passage 101 and the oil return passage 102. Alternatively, the central axes of the first chamber 301 and the second chamber 401 coincide with the central axes of the oil inlet passage 101 and the oil return passage 102.

[0028] It can be understood that the absorption of the impact force of the hydraulic oil in this embodiment is achieved by the compression of nitrogen by the first piston 3021 and the second piston 4021. Therefore, in theory, as long as the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe can be connected to the first hydraulic oil chamber 3011 and the second hydraulic oil chamber 4011, the impact force of the hydraulic oil can be transmitted to the first piston 3021 and the second piston 4021.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the first inflation component 303 includes a first plug 3031 fixedly arranged in the first chamber 301 and having a first inflation hole 30311 connected to the first nitrogen chamber 3012. A first inflation plug 3032 connected to the first inflation hole 30311 for filling nitrogen is provided on the side of the first plug 3031 away from the first nitrogen chamber 3012.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, the second inflation component 403 includes a second plug 4031 fixedly arranged in the second chamber 401 and having a second inflation hole 40311 connected to the second nitrogen chamber 4012. A second inflation plug 4032 connected to the second inflation hole 40311 for filling nitrogen is provided on the side of the second plug 4031 away from the second nitrogen chamber 4012.

[0031] It should be noted that the functions of the first and second inflation assemblies 303, 403 are to improve the convenience of filling the first and second nitrogen chambers 3012, 4012 with nitrogen. At the same time, they can also ensure the sealing performance of the inflation holes, ensure the sealing performance of the first and second nitrogen chambers 3012, 4012 during use, ensure the pressure stability of the nitrogen chambers, and avoid the influence of pressure fluctuations on the performance of the energy storage mechanism.

[0032] In addition, the nitrogen pressure in the first nitrogen chamber 3012 and the second nitrogen chamber 4012 can be controlled by the first inflation assembly 303 and the second inflation assembly 403, and the nitrogen pressure is adjusted according to the working requirements of the hydraulic system, thereby ensuring the buffering effect of the first energy storage mechanism 30 and the second energy storage mechanism 40.

[0033] Therefore, the present application does not impose any specific limitation on the structures of the first inflatable component 303 and the second inflatable component 403 , as long as nitrogen filling can be achieved while avoiding nitrogen leakage.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 6 As shown, a spring 60 for cushioning is installed within the first nitrogen chamber 3012 and the second nitrogen chamber 4012. In this embodiment, the spring 60 is positioned between the first piston 3021 (second piston 4021) and the first plug 3031 (second plug 4031). To ensure the stability of the spring 60's cushioning effect on the first and second pistons 3021 and 4021, one end of the spring 60 is fixed to the first plug 3031 (second plug 4031), while the other end is free.

[0035] It can be understood that, in this embodiment, when the piston moves due to an impact force, the spring 60 is compressed, providing additional elastic force, which works together with the pressure of the nitrogen to enhance the buffering capacity of the energy storage mechanism. Especially when the impact force is small, the spring 60 can restore the position of the piston more quickly, thereby improving the response speed of the energy storage mechanism.

[0036] At the same time, the spring 60 has a simple structure, low cost, easy maintenance, high reliability, and can maintain stable buffering performance during long-term operation.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 7 As shown, air bags 50 for cushioning are provided in the first nitrogen chamber 3012 and the second nitrogen chamber 4012 .

[0038] In this embodiment, the airbag 50 primarily comprises a bladder body made of an elastic material and an inflation valve for facilitating the introduction of nitrogen gas. The elastic material can be made of rubber. While both the first nitrogen chamber 3012 and the second nitrogen chamber 4012 in this embodiment are cylindrical, the airbag 50 can also be elliptical or cylindrical. To ensure that the airbag 50 can cushion the pressure exerted by the first piston 3021 (second piston 4021) by deforming, the upper and lower ends of the airbag 50 in this embodiment are in contact with the first piston 3021 (second piston 4021) and the first plug 3031 (second plug 4031), leaving a circumferential space between the airbag 50 and the first nitrogen chamber 3012 (second nitrogen chamber 4012).

[0039] To prevent the airbag 50 from blocking the first inflation hole 30311 (the second inflation hole 40311), in this embodiment, the first inflation component 303 and the second inflation component 403 can be both arranged at the edge of the first plug 3031 (the second plug 4031) to facilitate filling the first nitrogen chamber 3012 (the second nitrogen chamber 4012) with nitrogen.

[0040] It can be understood that the airbag 50 in this embodiment has good elasticity and flexibility, which can provide additional cushioning when the nitrogen is compressed and expanded, further improving the cushioning performance of the energy storage mechanism. In particular, for high-frequency or large-amplitude impact forces, the airbag 50 can better absorb and alleviate the impact energy.

[0041] The above is a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator, characterized in that: include: A hydraulic hammer (10) comprises a cylinder (20) and an oil inlet channel (101) and an oil return channel (102) arranged along the central axis of the hydraulic hammer (10); a first energy storage mechanism (30) for absorbing the impact force in the oil inlet channel (101) through a buffering effect, the first energy storage mechanism (30) comprising a first chamber (301) arranged in the cylinder body (20) of the hydraulic hammer (10) and a first sealing assembly (302) arranged to slide back and forth along the central axis of the first chamber (301); the first sealing assembly (302) divides the first chamber (301) into a first hydraulic oil chamber (3011) and a first nitrogen chamber (3012) which are independent of each other, the first hydraulic oil chamber (3011) being in communication with the oil inlet channel (101), and the first nitrogen chamber (3012) being filled with nitrogen through a first charging assembly (303); The second energy storage mechanism (40) is used to absorb the impact force in the oil return channel (102) through a buffering effect. The second energy storage mechanism (40) includes a second chamber (401) arranged in the cylinder (20) of the hydraulic hammer (10) and a second sealing assembly (402) arranged to slide back and forth along the central axis of the second chamber (401); the second sealing assembly (402) divides the first chamber (301) into a second hydraulic oil chamber (4011) and a second nitrogen chamber (4012) that are independent of each other. The second hydraulic oil chamber (4011) is connected to the oil return channel (102), and the second nitrogen chamber (4012) is filled with nitrogen through a second charging assembly (403). The first chamber (301) and the second chamber (401) are not connected.

2. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first chamber (301) is greater than the diameter of the oil inlet channel (101), and the diameter of the second chamber (401) is greater than the diameter of the oil return channel (102).

3. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axes of the first chamber (301) and the second chamber (401) are respectively perpendicular to the central axes of the oil inlet channel (101) and the oil return channel (102).

4. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axes of the first chamber (301) and the second chamber (401) coincide with the central axes of the oil inlet channel (101) and the oil return channel (102), respectively.

5. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Air bags (50) for buffering are provided in the first nitrogen chamber (3012) and the second nitrogen chamber (4012).

6. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Springs (60) for buffering are provided in the first nitrogen chamber (3012) and the second nitrogen chamber (4012).

7. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing assembly (302) comprises a first piston (3021) that slides back and forth along the axis of the first chamber (301) and a first sealing ring (3022) embedded in the outer periphery of the first piston (3021); The second sealing assembly (402) comprises a second piston (4021) that slides back and forth along the axial direction of the second chamber (401) and a second sealing ring (4022) embedded in the outer periphery of the second piston (4021).

8. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first piston (3021) and the second piston (4021) are both made of metal, silicon-based or plastic materials; the first sealing ring (3022) and the second sealing ring (4022) are both made of polyurethane, fluororubber or nitrile rubber.

9. The hydraulic hammer with a built-in piston accumulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first inflation component (303) comprises a first plug (3031) fixedly arranged in the first chamber (301) and provided with a first inflation hole (30311) communicating with the first nitrogen chamber (3012); a first inflation plug (3032) communicating with the first inflation hole (30311) for filling nitrogen is provided on a side of the first plug (3031) away from the first nitrogen chamber (3012); The second inflation component (403) includes a second plug (4031) fixedly arranged in the second chamber (401) and provided with a second inflation hole (40311) communicating with the second nitrogen chamber (4012); a second inflation plug (4032) communicating with the second inflation hole (40311) for filling nitrogen is provided on a side of the second plug (4031) away from the second nitrogen chamber (4012).

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