Primary cooler and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a primary cooler and a using method thereof.The primary cooler comprises a primary cooler side plate, a primary cooler cover plate and a primary cooler bottom plate which form a primary cooler shell, and further comprises a coal gas outlet, a low-temperature water section, a circulating water section, a spraying liquid inlet, a coal gas connecting pipeline, a coal gas purifier and a coal gas washer; a circulating water section and a low-temperature water section are sequentially arranged between the top of the primary cooler and the bottom of the primary cooler, the coal gas outlet is formed in the bottom of the primary cooler, and the spraying liquid inlet is formed in the top of the primary cooler; the coal gas connecting pipeline, the coal gas purifier and the coal gas scrubber are arranged outside the primary cooler, the bottom of the coal gas connecting pipeline is inserted into the coal gas purifier, and the coal gas scrubber is communicated with the side wall of the section, where the coal gas connecting pipeline is inserted, of the coal gas purifier; the content of impurities in coal gas is reduced, the coal gas is uniformly arranged at the top of the primary cooler, the coal gas is uniformly distributed when entering the primary cooler, the equipment is simple and compact, and the occupied area is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and in particular to a primary cooler and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] Coal gas from the coke oven, at a temperature of 80-82°C, is separated in a gas-liquid separator along the gas intake pipe before entering the top of the horizontal tube gas primary cooler. After cooling to 21-22°C, the gas enters an electrostatic precipitator to remove tar mist and further purify the gas. At the top of the primary cooler, a cleaning fluid is used to clean impurities such as tar and naphthalene from the outer walls of the heat exchange tubes, effectively cooling the gas in the primary cooler. With the increasing size of coke ovens and changes in coal loading methods, the uneven distribution of gas inlets caused by the larger primary cooler has reduced heat exchange efficiency and increased coal dust in the gas, causing severe blockage in the primary cooler and affecting its operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a primary cooler and a method for using the same. Ammonia water is used to wash coal gas at the bottom of the primary cooler to reduce the impurity content in the coal gas. The coal gas is evenly arranged at the top of the primary cooler to ensure that the coal gas entering the primary cooler is evenly distributed. The equipment is simple and compact, and the space occupied is reduced.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A pre-cooler comprises a pre-cooler side plate, a pre-cooler cover plate and a pre-cooler bottom plate, wherein the pre-cooler side plate, the pre-cooler cover plate and the pre-cooler bottom plate constitute the pre-cooler shell, and also comprise a gas outlet, a low-temperature water section, a circulating water section, a spray liquid inlet, a gas connecting pipe, a gas purifier and a gas scrubber, wherein the circulating water section and the low-temperature water section are sequentially arranged from the top to the bottom of the pre-cooler, the gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pre-cooler, and the spray liquid inlet is arranged at the top of the pre-cooler; the gas connecting pipe, the gas purifier and the gas scrubber are arranged outside the pre-cooler, the bottom of the gas connecting pipe is inserted into the gas purifier, and the gas scrubber is connected to the side wall of the gas purifier where the gas connecting pipe is inserted.

[0006] Furthermore, the gas connecting pipe includes a flange cover, flange a, a branch pipe, a riser, a folding plate and a curved plate. The bottom of the riser is inserted into the gas purifier, and the flange cover is arranged on the top of the riser through flange a. The branch pipe is divided into two branches and leads out from the riser to enter the pre-cooler. The folding plate is a roof-shaped folding plate and is arranged under the pre-cooler cover. The branch pipe entering the pre-cooler is located between the folding plate and the pre-cooler top cover. The two ends of the folding plate are welded to the side plates of the pre-cooler, and the two ends of the curved plate are welded to the folding plate and the pre-cooler cover.

[0007] Furthermore, the gas scrubber includes a flange b, a vertical straight pipe section, an elbow, a horizontal straight pipe section, a nozzle, a mounting hole, an ammonia inlet and an ammonia pump. The flange b is arranged at the top of the vertical straight pipe section, the bottom of the vertical straight pipe section is connected to the elbow, the elbow is connected to the horizontal straight pipe section, the horizontal straight pipe section is connected to the side wall of the gas purifier where the gas connecting pipe is inserted, the nozzle is arranged in the vertical straight pipe section, and the nozzle spraying direction is toward the top of the vertical straight pipe section. The ammonia inlet is connected to the nozzle through the mounting hole, and the ammonia inlet is connected to the ammonia pump through a pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the gas purifier includes a cover plate, a cylinder, a cone section, a bottom cylinder, a gas-liquid separator, a supplementary ammonia water inlet, an ammonia water outlet, a partition, a head, a vent a, a vent b and a skirt. The cover plate is covered on the top of the cylinder, the cone section is arranged in the cylinder, the cone section is arranged on the top of the bottom cylinder, the gas-liquid separator is arranged in the cone section, the head is arranged between the cylinder and the bottom of the bottom cylinder, the vent a and the vent b are arranged at the bottom of the head, a partition is arranged on the upper part of the head, the bottom of the cylinder is lower than the top of the partition, the supplementary ammonia water inlet and the ammonia water outlet are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder, the ammonia water outlet is connected to the ammonia water pump through a pipeline, and a skirt is arranged at the bottom of the head.

[0009] Furthermore, the nozzle is a power wave nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the ammonia water from the bottom of the gas purifier is pumped into the ammonia water inlet by an ammonia water pump, and the gas enters the gas scrubber, and contacts the ammonia water from the nozzle in the vertical straight pipe section in reverse, and the gas enters the cylinder tangentially along the horizontal straight pipe section, and the gas flow spirals downward along the inner wall of the cylinder and flows toward the cone, throwing the ammonia water, coal powder and other particles with a relative density greater than that of the gas to the inner wall of the cylinder and into the ammonia water outlet. The gas reaches the gas-liquid separator in the cone section, reverses from the bottom to the top, passes through the vertical pipe, and then enters the branch pipe, folded plate, arc pipe, etc. The gas distribution system composed of the shaped plate inside the primary cooler is sent to the primary cooler for gas cooling. After separation, the ammonia and pulverized coal enter the cylinder, and the ammonia with pulverized coal impurities inside enters the left side of the partition through the cylinder. The ammonia and pulverized coal sediment is sent to the tar ammonia separation section through the vent b; the ammonia flows through the partition to the right side of the partition, and is sent to the nozzle for circulated spraying through the ammonia pump. At the same time, ammonia is replenished at the ammonia inlet to meet the requirements of the circulated spraying volume. The bottom sediment is sent to the tar ammonia separation section through the vent a.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] 1) A gas scrubber, gas purifier, and gas distribution system are used to form a primary cooler for gas distribution;

[0013] 2) A gas distribution system is used on the top of the primary cooler to evenly distribute the gas, ensuring that the gas is evenly distributed when entering the primary cooler. At the same time, the tops of the branch pipes are aligned, and the top also has the function of removing impurities;

[0014] 3) The equipment is simple and compact, which reduces the space occupied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the primary cooler of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the primary cooler in the AA direction of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the primary cooler in the BB direction of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the pre-cooler cover plate, branch pipe, folded plate and curved plate according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure: 1. Bottom of primary cooler 2. Gas outlet 3. Low-temperature water section 4. Circulating water section 5. Top of primary cooler 6. Spray liquid inlet 7. Gas connecting pipe 8. Gas purifier 9. Gas scrubber 21. Flange cover 22. Flange a 23. Branch pipe 24. Riser 25. Folding plate 26. Curved plate 41. Flange b 42. Vertical pipe section 43. Elbow 44. Horizontal pipe section 45. Sprinkler 46. Mounting hole 47. Ammonia inlet 48. Ammonia pump 51. Cover plate 52. Cylinder 53. Conical section 54. Bottom cylinder 55. Supplemental ammonia inlet 56. Ammonia outlet 57. Partition 58. Head 59. Vent a 60. Vent b 61. Skirt DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] See Figure 1 , is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention. A precooler according to the present invention comprises a precooler side panel, a precooler cover, a precooler bottom panel, a gas outlet 2, a low-temperature water section 3, a circulating water section 4, a spray liquid inlet 6, a gas connecting pipe 7, a gas purifier 8, and a gas scrubber 9. The precooler side panel, precooler cover, and precooler bottom panel constitute the precooler housing. The circulating water section 4 and the low-temperature water section 3 are sequentially arranged from the precooler top 5 to the precooler bottom 1. The gas outlet 2 is arranged at the precooler bottom 1, and the spray liquid inlet 6 is arranged at the precooler top 5. The gas connecting pipe 7, gas purifier 8, and gas scrubber 9 are arranged outside the precooler. The bottom of the gas connecting pipe 7 is inserted into the gas purifier 8, and the gas scrubber 9 is connected to the side wall of the gas purifier 8 at the section where the gas connecting pipe 7 is inserted.

[0022] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 The gas connecting pipe 7 includes a flange cover 21, a flange a22, a branch pipe 23, a riser 24, a folded plate 25 and a curved plate 26. The bottom of the riser 24 is inserted into the gas purifier 8, and the flange cover 21 is arranged on the top of the riser 24 through the flange a22. The branch pipe 23 is divided into two branches and leads out from the riser 24, enters the side plate of the pre-cooler, and is located between the folded plate 25 and the pre-cooler cover. The folded plate 25 is a roof-shaped folded plate 25 and is arranged under the pre-cooler cover. The branch pipe 23 entering the pre-cooler is located between the folded plate 25 and the pre-cooler top cover. The folded plate 25 gradually becomes smaller from the inlet end. The two ends of the folded plate 25 are welded to the side plate of the pre-cooler, and the two ends of the curved plate 26 are welded to the folded plate 25 and the pre-cooler cover. The branch pipe 23, folded plate 25, and curved plate 26 constitute a gas distribution system inside the pre-cooler.

[0023] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 The gas scrubber 9 includes a flange b41, a vertical straight pipe section 42, an elbow 43, a horizontal straight pipe section 44, a nozzle 45, a mounting hole 46, an ammonia inlet 47 and an ammonia pump 48. The flange b41 is arranged at the top of the vertical straight pipe section 42, the bottom of the vertical straight pipe section 42 is connected to the elbow 43, the elbow 43 is connected to the horizontal straight pipe section 44, the horizontal straight pipe section 44 is connected to the side wall of the section where the gas purifier 8 is inserted by the gas connecting pipe 7, and the horizontal straight pipe section 44 enters the cylinder 52 tangentially. The nozzle 45 is arranged in the vertical straight pipe section 42, and the spraying direction of the nozzle 45 is toward the top of the vertical straight pipe section 42. The nozzle 45 is a power wave nozzle 45. The ammonia inlet 47 is connected to the nozzle 45 through the mounting hole 46, and the ammonia inlet 47 is connected to the ammonia pump 48 through a pipeline.

[0024] See Figure 1The gas purifier 8 includes a cover plate 51, a cylinder 52, a cone section 53, a bottom cylinder 54, a gas-liquid separator, a supplementary ammonia inlet 55, an ammonia outlet 56, a partition 57, a head 58, a vent a59, a vent b60 and a skirt 61. The cover plate 51 covers the top of the cylinder 52, the cone section 53 is arranged in the cylinder 52, the cone section 53 is arranged at the top of the bottom cylinder 54, the gas-liquid separator is arranged in the cone section 53, the head 58 is arranged between the cylinder 52 and the bottom of the bottom cylinder 54, the vent a59 and the vent b60 are arranged at the bottom of the head 58, a partition 57 is arranged on the top of the head 58, and the bottom of the cylinder 52 is lower than the top of the partition 57 At the bottom, an ammonia water inlet 55 and an ammonia water outlet 56 are provided on the side wall of the cylinder 52. The ammonia water outlet 56 is connected to the ammonia water pump 48 through a pipeline, and a skirt 61 is provided at the bottom of the head 58; the ammonia water carrying impurities such as coal powder inside enters the left side of the partition 57 through the cylinder 52, and the bottom sediment is sent to the tar ammonia water separation section through the vent b60. The bottom position of the bottom cylinder 54 is lower than the top position of the partition 57, which plays a liquid seal role. The ammonia water flows to the right side of the partition 57 and is sent to the ammonia water spraying pipe for recycling through the ammonia water pump 48. The bottom sediment is sent to the tar ammonia water separation section through the vent a59. The ammonia water inlet 47 is the supplementary ammonia water from the tank area to meet the requirements of the circulating spraying volume.

[0025] A method for using a precooler: Coal gas enters the gas scrubber 9 and, in a vertical straight pipe section 42, comes into countercurrent contact with ammonia solution from a dynamic wave nozzle 45. Ammonia solution from the bottom of the gas purifier 8 is pumped into an ammonia solution inlet 47 by an ammonia solution pump 48. The ammonia solution sprayed by the dynamic wave nozzle 45 then comes into countercurrent contact with the coal gas, causing the gas and liquid phases to collide at high speeds in opposite directions. When the momentum of the two phases reaches equilibrium, a highly turbulent foam zone is formed, with a large contact surface area that is constantly and rapidly renewed, achieving a highly efficient scrubbing effect. The ammonia solution contains large impurities such as coal dust, so a large-pore nozzle 45 is used to ensure that the ammonia solution spraying process does not clog the equipment.

[0026] The coal gas enters the cylinder 52 tangentially along the horizontal straight pipe section 44, and the airflow changes from linear motion to circular motion. The vast majority of the rotating airflow spirals downward along the inner wall of the cylinder 52 and flows toward the cone. During the rotation, centrifugal force is generated, which throws particles such as ammonia water and coal powder with a relative density greater than that of the coal gas toward the inner wall of the cylinder 52. Once the ammonia water and coal powder particles come into contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 52, they lose radial inertia and fall along the wall due to downward momentum and downward gravity, entering the ammonia water outlet 56. When the rotating downward coal gas reaches the cone section 53, it moves closer to the center of the gas-liquid separator due to the contraction of the cone. According to the principle of constant rotational torque, its tangential speed continues to increase, and the centrifugal force on the ammonia water and coal powder also continues to increase. When the coal gas reaches a certain position at the lower end of the cone, that is, The same rotation direction reverses from the bottom to the top in the middle of the gas-liquid separator, continues to flow in a spiral shape, passes through the vertical pipe 24, and then enters the gas distribution system composed of the branch pipe 23, the folded plate 25, and the curved plate 26 inside the primary cooler, and is sent to the primary cooler for gas cooling; after separation, the ammonia coal powder enters the lower space of the cylinder 52, and the ammonia coal powder and the like settle by gravity. The bottom sediment is sent to the tar ammonia separation section through the vent b60 for further treatment; the ammonia flows to the right through the partition 57, and is sent to the power wave nozzle 45 for circulated spraying through the ammonia pump 48. At the same time, the ammonia inlet 47 is for supplementary ammonia from the tank area to meet the requirements of the circulated spraying volume. The bottom sediment is sent to the tar ammonia separation section through the vent a59 for further treatment.

[0027] The above embodiments are implemented under the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The methods used in the above embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A primary cooler, comprising a primary cooler side plate, a primary cooler cover plate and a primary cooler bottom plate, wherein the primary cooler side plate, the primary cooler cover plate and the primary cooler bottom plate constitute a primary cooler shell, characterized in that: It also includes a gas outlet, a low-temperature water section, a circulating water section, a spray liquid inlet, a gas connecting pipe, a gas purifier and a gas scrubber. The circulating water section and the low-temperature water section are arranged in sequence from the top to the bottom of the pre-cooler. The gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pre-cooler, and the spray liquid inlet is arranged at the top of the pre-cooler; the gas connecting pipe, gas purifier and gas scrubber are arranged outside the pre-cooler, the bottom of the gas connecting pipe is inserted into the gas purifier, and the gas scrubber is connected to the side wall of the gas purifier where the gas connecting pipe is inserted.

2. A primary cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas connecting pipe includes a flange cover, flange a, a branch pipe, a riser, a folding plate and a curved plate. The bottom of the riser is inserted into the gas purifier, and the flange cover is arranged on the top of the riser through flange a. The branch pipe is divided into two branches and leads out from the riser to enter the pre-cooler. The folding plate is a roof-shaped folding plate and is arranged under the pre-cooler cover. The branch pipe entering the pre-cooler is located between the folding plate and the pre-cooler top cover. The two ends of the folding plate are welded to the side plates of the pre-cooler, and the two ends of the curved plate are welded to the folding plate and the pre-cooler cover.

3. A primary cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas scrubber includes a flange b, a vertical straight pipe section, an elbow, a horizontal straight pipe section, a nozzle, a mounting hole, an ammonia inlet and an ammonia pump. The flange b is arranged at the top of the vertical straight pipe section, the bottom of the vertical straight pipe section is connected to the elbow, the elbow is connected to the horizontal straight pipe section, the horizontal straight pipe section is connected to the side wall of the gas purifier where the gas connecting pipe is inserted, the nozzle is arranged in the vertical straight pipe section, and the nozzle spraying direction is toward the top of the vertical straight pipe section. The ammonia inlet is connected to the nozzle through the mounting hole, and the ammonia inlet is connected to the ammonia pump through a pipe.

4. A primary cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas purifier includes a cover plate, a cylinder, a cone section, a bottom cylinder, a gas-liquid separator, an ammonia water supplement inlet, an ammonia water outlet, a partition, a head, a vent a, a vent b and a skirt. The cover plate is covered on the top of the cylinder, the cone section is arranged in the cylinder, the cone section is arranged on the top of the bottom cylinder, the gas-liquid separator is arranged in the cone section, the head is arranged between the cylinder and the bottom of the bottom cylinder, the vent a and the vent b are arranged at the bottom of the head, a partition is arranged on the upper part of the head, the bottom of the cylinder is lower than the top of the partition, the ammonia water supplement inlet and the ammonia water outlet are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder, the ammonia water outlet is connected to the ammonia water pump through a pipeline, and a skirt is arranged at the bottom of the head.

5. A primary cooler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nozzle is a power wave nozzle.

6. The method for using a primary cooler according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Ammonia water from the bottom of the gas purifier is pumped into the ammonia water inlet by an ammonia water pump. The gas enters the gas scrubber and contacts the ammonia water from the nozzle in the vertical straight pipe section. The gas enters the cylinder tangentially along the horizontal straight pipe section. The gas flow spirals downward along the inner wall of the cylinder and flows toward the cone, throwing ammonia water, coal powder and other particles with a relative density greater than that of the gas to the inner wall of the cylinder and into the ammonia water outlet. The gas reaches the gas-liquid separator in the cone section, reverses from the bottom to the top, passes through the vertical pipe, and then enters the branch pipe, folded plate, and curved plate respectively. The coal gas distribution system constructed inside the primary cooler is sent to the primary cooler for coal gas cooling. After separation, the ammonia water and coal powder enter the cylinder. The ammonia water with coal powder impurities inside enters the left side of the partition through the cylinder. The ammonia water and coal powder sediment is sent to the tar ammonia water separation section through the vent b; the ammonia water flows through the partition to the right side of the partition and is sent to the nozzle for circulated spraying through the ammonia water pump. At the same time, ammonia water is replenished in the ammonia water inlet to meet the requirements of the circulated spraying volume. The bottom sediment is sent to the tar ammonia water separation section through the vent a.

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