Motor and all-terrain vehicle adopting same

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor and an all-terrain vehicle adopting the motor. The motor comprises a shell, a stator and a rotor, the rotor at least comprises a rotor iron core, a rotor pressing plate and a magnetism adjusting assembly; the magnetism adjusting assembly is arranged on the rotor pressing plate and comprises an elastic piece, a control rod and adjustable magnetic steel, the control rod is used for driving the adjustable magnetic steel to rotate, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the control rod, and pretightening force is applied to the control rod. Through the above arrangement, the centrifugal force and the elastic force of the elastic piece are utilized to realize that the motor maintains large torque before reaching the critical rotating speed and can perform magnetic field self-adjustment after exceeding the critical rotating speed, the torque density and the power density at each rotating speed are balanced, the efficiency and the temperature rise are controllable, and the endurance mileage of the all-terrain vehicle adopting the motor can be effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of power and vehicle technology, and in particular to a motor and an all-terrain vehicle using the motor. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, the requirements for electric motors are becoming increasingly clear. Miniaturization, high speed, high power / torque density, and high cost-effectiveness have become universal requirements. Some all-terrain vehicles are now also adopting electric motors. However, due to the inherent characteristics of electric motors, the conflict between torque density at low speeds and power density at high speeds is becoming increasingly difficult to balance. Existing technologies, which effectively increase motor speeds through electronically controlled magnetic field modulation, also increase losses and temperature rise, resulting in reduced efficiency. If such motors are used in all-terrain vehicles, they will affect range and hinder the vehicle's operation in harsh environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a motor and an all-terrain vehicle using the motor, which can maintain a stable high torque before the motor reaches a critical speed, and balance the torque and power after the motor exceeds the critical speed, so that the efficiency and temperature rise can be controlled.

[0004] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present application provides a motor, including a housing, a stator and a rotor. The housing is formed with a receiving space, the stator is at least partially arranged in the receiving space, and the rotor is coaxially arranged with the stator and can rotate relative to the stator. The rotor at least includes a rotor core, a rotor pressure plate and a magnetic adjustment component, the magnetic adjustment component is arranged on the rotor pressure plate, and the rotor pressure plate is arranged on the end face of the rotor core; wherein, the magnetic adjustment component includes a control rod, an elastic member and an adjustable magnet, the control rod is used to drive the adjustable magnet to rotate, one end of the elastic member is connected to the control rod, and a pre-tightening force is applied to the control rod; the motor has a critical speed, when the speed of the motor is less than or equal to the critical speed, the centrifugal force on the control rod is less than or equal to the pre-tightening force, and the control rod cannot drive the adjustable magnet to rotate; when the speed of the motor is greater than the critical speed, the centrifugal force on the control rod is greater than the pre-tightening force, and the control rod can drive the adjustable magnet to rotate. Due to the preload of the elastic element, the magnetic field adjustment component does not adjust the magnetic field before the motor reaches the critical speed, maintaining a high torque range. Once the motor speed exceeds the critical speed, the control lever drives the adjustable magnet to different rotation angles based on the centrifugal force generated by different speeds. This allows the motor to self-regulate the magnetic field at variable speeds, appropriately reducing torque and increasing power, thereby improving overall efficiency. This adjustment method, which does not require electronic control, minimizes losses during magnetic field adjustment and effectively controls temperature rise.

[0005] Furthermore, the magnetic adjustment assembly includes a slider and a bracket. The slider is mounted on one end of the control rod. The bracket is fixed to the rotor and can rotate synchronously with the rotor. The bracket is provided with a slide slot, and the slider slides in the slide slot. The bracket provides stable support for the magnetic adjustment assembly and guides the movement of the slider, thereby enhancing reliability.

[0006] Furthermore, the elastic member is at least partially sleeved on the control rod and is located between the slider and the inner side wall of the sliding groove to apply a required elastic force to the slider.

[0007] Furthermore, the control rod includes a connecting rod and a bell crank, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the slider, the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected to the bell crank, and the other end of the bell crank is connected to the adjustable magnet.

[0008] Furthermore, two cranks are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod, a magnetic steel sleeve is provided outside the adjustable magnetic steel, a through hole is provided on the rotor pressure plate, and the magnetic steel sleeve passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the crank.

[0009] Furthermore, limiting slots are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor core, and the adjustable magnetic steel is at least partially arranged in the limiting slots and can rotate.

[0010] Furthermore, there are at least two limit slots, each of which is equipped with a fixed magnet. Each limit slot is equipped with at least one fixed magnet and at least two adjustable magnets. The fixed magnets ensure a stable magnetic field and, in conjunction with the adjustable magnets, achieve refined design of magnetic field adjustment accuracy and range.

[0011] Furthermore, the distance between the center of mass of the fixed magnet and the axis of the rotor is smaller than the distance between the center of mass of the adjustable magnet and the axis of the rotor. The relative position relationship between the adjustable magnet and the fixed magnet is conducive to the assembly of the magnets.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-section of the adjustable magnet is circular, the cross-section of the fixed magnet is rectangular, and the adjustable magnet is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the line connecting the center of mass of the fixed magnet and the rotor axis to maintain the stability of the magnetic adjustment component when adjusting the magnetic field.

[0013] The present application also provides an all-terrain vehicle, comprising: a frame, a running system, and a body covering. The running system is connected to the frame, and the body covering at least partially covers the frame. The all-terrain vehicle includes the motor described above, and the motor provides power to the running system.

[0014] The benefits of this invention lie in its placement of a magnetic adjustment assembly on the rotor pressure plate, eliminating the need for electronic control. Centrifugal force and the elastic force of the elastic element maintain high torque before the motor reaches a critical speed. After exceeding the critical speed, the magnetic field self-regulates, balancing torque density and power density at various speeds. A control lever converts the movement of the slider into movement of the adjustable magnet. The independent design of the adjustable and fixed magnets minimizes losses during magnetic field adjustment, enabling refined design of adjustment accuracy and range to control overall motor efficiency and temperature rise. All-terrain vehicles using this motor have lower energy consumption and increased range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a rotor provided in an embodiment of the present application in a stationary state; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a state in which a rotor exceeds a critical speed according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is an exploded diagram of a rotor in a state where the rotor exceeds the critical speed according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor core provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the magnetic field direction of the magnetic steel at point B in the middle when the motor is in a stationary state; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the magnetic field direction of the magnetic steel at point B in the middle, when the motor exceeds the critical speed; Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the all-terrain vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “disposed on” or “positioned on” another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, the present application provides a motor 100, which includes a housing 11, a stator 12, and a rotor 13. The housing 11 forms a receiving space 101, and the stator 12 is at least partially disposed within the receiving space 101. The rotor 13 is coaxially disposed with the stator 12 and can rotate relative to the stator 12. The rotor 13 includes at least a rotor core 131, a rotor pressure plate 132, and a magnetic adjustment assembly 133. The magnetic adjustment assembly 133 is disposed on the rotor pressure plate 132, and the rotor pressure plate 132 is disposed on the end surface of the rotor core 131.

[0019] In an illustrative configuration scheme, the motor 100 provided in the present application needs to continuously output a large torque in the low speed range, so it is necessary to ensure that the magnetic field strength in this range is always maximized; in the medium and high speed range, as the speed increases, it is necessary to appropriately reduce the torque and increase the power. At this time, the motor 100 can automatically adjust the magnetic field strength according to the speed; the high speed range needs to achieve a balance between torque and power, set a minimum value of the magnetic field strength, avoid over-adjustment, and maximize the working efficiency of the full speed range. To achieve the above purpose, the motor 100 provided in the present application can start adjusting the magnetic field through the magnetic adjustment component 133 when the motor 100 reaches a preset speed range, and no magnetic field adjustment is performed when the preset speed range is not reached. Furthermore, when the preset speed range is exceeded, the magnetic field is adjusted to the limit and the adjustment stops.

[0020] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the magnetic adjustment assembly 133 includes a control rod 1331, an elastic member 1332, and an adjustable magnet 1333. The control rod 1331 is used to drive the adjustable magnet 1333 to rotate. One end of the elastic member 1332 is connected to the control rod 1331 and applies a preload force to the control rod 1331, thereby preventing the control rod 1331 from moving. Specifically, the elastic member 1332 can be in various forms, such as a compression spring, a tension spring, or a gas spring. Depending on the speed range of the motor 100, elastic members 1332 of different forms or performance parameters can be selected, or different preload forces can be set to adapt to the operating conditions of the motor 100 at different speeds.

[0021] The motor 100 has a critical speed. When the speed of the motor 100 is less than or equal to the critical speed, the centrifugal force acting on the control rod 1331 is less than or equal to the preload force, the control rod 1331 cannot move, and the adjustable magnet 1333 remains fixed. When the speed of the motor 100 increases and exceeds the critical speed, the centrifugal force acting on the control rod 1331 is greater than the preload force. When the control rod 1331 moves, it drives the adjustable magnet 1333 to deflect. The direction of the magnetic field generated by the adjustable magnet 1333 changes, and the overall magnetic field strength of the motor 100 gradually decreases. When the speed of the motor 100 stabilizes, as the elastic force increases, the magnetic adjustment component 133 quickly maintains the force balance, so that the magnetic field strength matches the current speed. This adjustment method does not require electronic control, resulting in low losses during the magnetic field adjustment process and effectively controlling the temperature rise of the motor 100.

[0022] As an implementation, the magnetic adjustment assembly 133 further includes a slider 1334 and a bracket 1335. The slider 1334 is disposed at one end of the control rod 1331. The bracket 1335 is fixed to the rotor 13 and can rotate synchronously with the rotor 13. The bracket 1335 is provided with a slot 1335a, in which the slider 1334 is slidably disposed. Furthermore, the elastic member 1332 is a compression spring, which is at least partially mounted on the control rod 1331 and located between the slider 1334 and the inner wall of the slot 1335a.

[0023] As an implementation, control rod 1331 includes a connecting rod 1331a and a bell crank 1331b. One end of connecting rod 1331a is connected to slider 1334, and the other end of connecting rod 1331a is rotationally connected to bell crank 1331b. The other end of bell crank 1331b is connected to adjustable magnet 1333. The linear motion of slider 1334 is transmitted by connecting rod 1331a, and then converted by bell crank 1331b into rotational motion of adjustable magnet 1333. This results in a small amplitude of motion, which contributes to the compact size of motor 100.

[0024] As an implementation, two cranks 1331b are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod 1331a. A magnetic sleeve 1336 is provided on the outer surface of the adjustable magnet 1333. The rotor pressure plate 132 has a through-hole 1321, through which the magnetic sleeve 1336 passes and is fixedly connected to the crank 1331b. With this arrangement, the sliding of the slider 1334 drives the two adjustable magnets 1333 to rotate. The magnetic sleeve 1336 ensures smooth rotation of the adjustable magnets 1333 and prevents wear of the adjustable magnets 1333, which could cause deviations in magnetic field regulation.

[0025] like Figure 6As shown, as an implementation method, the rotor core 131 is provided with limiting slots 1311 at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 is at least partially provided in the limiting slots 1311 and is rotatable. Specifically, the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 can be set with a maximum deflection angle, and the maximum deflection angle is greater than 0° and less than or equal to 180°. Furthermore, the maximum deflection angle of the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 is 180°. When the deflection angle of the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 reaches 180°, the magnetic field direction of the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 also turns 180°, thereby obtaining the maximum magnetic field adjustment range. By setting the sliding range of the slider 1334 or selecting a suitable elastic member 1332, the maximum deflection angle of the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 can be flexibly adjusted. At the same time, changing the maximum deflection angle can also be achieved through the limiting structure of the adjustable magnetic steel 1333 itself.

[0026] As an implementation, there are at least two limiting slots 1311, each of which is provided with a fixed magnet 134. Each limiting slot 1311 is provided with at least one fixed magnet 134 and at least two adjustable magnets 1333. The provision of fixed magnets 134 ensures the stability of a portion of the magnetic field. By varying the ratio of fixed magnets 134 to adjustable magnets 1333, the adjustment range of the magnetic field can be varied. Furthermore, increasing the number of adjustable magnets 1333 facilitates improved magnetic field adjustment accuracy.

[0027] As an implementation method, the distance between the center of mass of the fixed magnet 134 and the axis of the rotor 13 is smaller than the distance between the center of mass of the adjustable magnet 1333 and the axis of the rotor 13. The relative position of the adjustable magnet 1333 and the fixed magnet 134 can reserve assembly space, which is conducive to the assembly of the magnets.

[0028] As an implementation method, the cross-section of the adjustable magnet 1333 is circular, and the cross-section of the fixed magnet 134 is rectangular. The adjustable magnet 1333 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the line connecting the center of mass of the fixed magnet 134 and the axis of the rotor 13 to maintain the stability of the magnetic adjustment component 133 when adjusting the magnetic field.

[0029] It is understandable that the working principle and usage of the motor 100 provided in this embodiment are as follows: like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, when the motor 100 is stationary, the slider 1334 is subjected to the pre-tightening force of the elastic member 1332 and is located close to the axis of the rotor 13. The deflection angle of the adjustable magnet 1333 is 0°. The magnetic field defense lines of the adjustable magnet 1333 and the fixed magnet 134 are both away from the axis of the rotor 13. At this time, the magnetic field strength of the motor 100 is the largest.

[0030] When the motor 100 starts running but does not reach the critical speed, the centrifugal force on the slider 1334 increases, but is still less than the preload force of the elastic member 1332 . The adjustable magnet 1333 does not deflect, and the motor 100 maintains the maximum magnetic field strength, thereby achieving high torque.

[0031] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, when the speed of motor 100 exceeds the critical speed, the centrifugal force acting on slider 1334 begins to overcome the elastic force of elastic member 1332 and move it away from the axis of rotor 13. Slider 1334 compresses elastic member 1332 and pushes connecting rod 1331a. Connecting rod 1331a drives crank 1331b to deflect adjustable magnet 1333. The direction of the magnetic field generated by adjustable magnet 1333 changes, and the magnetic field strength of motor 100 gradually decreases. As elastic member 1332 is compressed, the elastic force increases, and when the speed stabilizes, magnetic adjustment assembly 133 can quickly reach a balanced state, so that the magnetic field strength matches the current speed.

[0032] When the motor 100 exceeds the preset speed range, the slider 1334 can no longer move, and the adjustable magnet 1333 reaches the maximum deflection angle of 180°. The magnetic field direction of the adjustable magnet 1333 points to the axis of the rotor 13. At this time, the magnetic field strength of the motor 100 is minimum and no longer changes, thereby balancing the torque and power.

[0033] When the motor 100 decelerates or stops running, the elastic member 1332 can reset the magnetic adjustment component 133. The entire magnetic field adjustment process does not require the aid of electronic control, thereby achieving self-adjustment of the magnetic field of the motor 100 at different speeds.

[0034] like Figure 9 As shown, the present application also provides an all-terrain vehicle 200, which includes a frame 21, a running system 22, and a body cover 23. The running system 22 is connected to the frame 21, and the body cover 23 at least partially covers the frame 21. The all-terrain vehicle 200 includes the motor 100 described above, which provides power for the running system 22. The all-terrain vehicle 200 using this motor 100 effectively controls energy consumption, provides stable performance output, and increases range.

[0035] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any form, and any technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor comprising: a housing forming a receiving space; a stator, at least partially disposed in the accommodation space; a rotor coaxially arranged with the stator and rotatable relative to the stator, the rotor comprising at least a rotor core, a rotor pressure plate, and a magnetic adjustment assembly, the magnetic adjustment assembly being arranged on the rotor pressure plate, and the rotor pressure plate being arranged on an end surface of the rotor core; It is characterized in that The magnetic adjustment assembly includes a control rod, an elastic member and an adjustable magnetic steel. The control rod is used to drive the adjustable magnetic steel to rotate. One end of the elastic member is connected to the control rod and applies a pre-tightening force to the control rod. The motor has a critical speed. When the speed of the motor is less than or equal to the critical speed, the centrifugal force applied to the control rod is less than or equal to the pre-tightening force, and the control rod cannot drive the adjustable magnet to rotate; when the speed of the motor is greater than the critical speed, the centrifugal force applied to the control rod is greater than the pre-tightening force, and the control rod can drive the adjustable magnet to rotate.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The magnetic adjustment component also includes a slider and a bracket. The slider is arranged at one end of the control rod. The bracket is fixed on the rotor and can rotate synchronously with the rotor. The bracket is provided with a slide groove, and the slider can be slidably arranged in the slide groove.

3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that The elastic member is at least partially sleeved on the control rod and located between the sliding block and the inner side wall of the sliding groove.

4. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that The control rod includes a connecting rod and a crank, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the slider, the other end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected to the crank, and the other end of the crank is connected to the adjustable magnetic steel.

5. The motor according to claim 4, characterized in that Two cranks are symmetrically arranged on the connecting rod, a magnetic steel sleeve is provided outside the adjustable magnetic steel, a through hole is provided on the rotor pressure plate, and the magnetic steel sleeve passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the crank.

6. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The rotor core is provided with limiting slots at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the adjustable magnetic steel is at least partially arranged in the limiting slots and is rotatable.

7. The motor according to claim 6, characterized in that There are at least two limiting slots, each of which is provided with a fixed magnetic steel. One limiting slot is provided with at least one fixed magnetic steel and at least two adjustable magnetic steels.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that The distance between the center of mass of the fixed magnetic steel and the axis of the rotor is smaller than the distance between the center of mass of the adjustable magnetic steel and the axis of the rotor.

9. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that The cross section of the adjustable magnetic steel is circular, the cross section of the fixed magnetic steel is rectangular, and the adjustable magnetic steel is symmetrically arranged on both sides of a line connecting the center of mass of the fixed magnetic steel and the axis of the rotor.

10. An all-terrain vehicle comprising: Frame; a traveling system connected to the vehicle frame; a body covering, the body covering at least partially covering the vehicle frame; It is characterized in that The all-terrain vehicle comprises the motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the motor provides power for the traveling system.

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