Application of pecan oil in one or more aspects of relaxing bowel, resisting aging and enhancing immunity

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of food, in particular to application of pecan oil in one or more aspects of relaxing bowel, resisting aging and enhancing immunity. By establishing different zebra fish animal models and utilizing fluorescent staining observation, the effects of the pecan oil in the aspects of relaxing bowel, resisting aging and enhancing immunity are found, and the development of the pecan oil, especially wild pecan oil, can be promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of food technology, in particular to application of pecan oil in one or more aspects of moistening intestines and promoting bowel movements, resisting aging and enhancing immunity. Background Art

[0002] Walnut oil is a common edible oil with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. Containing over 80% unsaturated fatty acids, including oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, and linolenic acid, walnut oil serves as an important source of unsaturated fatty acids for the human body. Furthermore, walnut oil contains active ingredients that the human body cannot synthesize naturally, such as tocopherols, phytosterols, and squalene, which play a significant role in preventing age-related diseases such as hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Pecan oil is produced by pressing pecans, but its effectiveness is less well-researched and unclear. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention discovered that pecan oil has the effects of moistening the intestines and promoting bowel movements, resisting aging and enhancing immunity, thereby promoting the development of pecan oil.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The invention provides application of pecan oil in one or more aspects of moistening intestines and promoting bowel movements, resisting aging and enhancing immunity.

[0006] Preferably, the pecan oil is wild pecan oil.

[0007] Preferably, the wild pecan oil contains fatty acids and vitamin E; the fatty acids include palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.

[0008] Preferably, the fatty acid is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: palmitic acid 2.4%, palmitoleic acid 0.2%, stearic acid 0.5%, oleic acid 17.0%, linoleic acid 69.7% and linolenic acid 10.2%.

[0009] Preferably, the content of vitamin E in the wild pecan oil is 56.7 mg / 100 g.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the wild pecan oil comprises: crushing wild pecan kernels and then squeezing to obtain the wild pecan oil.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the wild pecan kernels after crushing is ≤1 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the wild pecan oil include wild pecans from Yahe Village, Yahe Township, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, Benxi City, Liaoning Province.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-aging effect includes reducing the content of active oxygen.

[0014] Preferably, said enhancing immunity comprises increasing the number of neutrophils.

[0015] Beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention provides the use of pecan oil for one or more of laxative, anti-aging, and immune enhancement. By establishing different zebrafish animal models and observing using fluorescent staining, the present invention demonstrates the efficacy of pecan oil in these areas, including laxative, anti-aging, and immune enhancement. The efficacy of pecan oil in enhancing immunity is superior to that of berberine hydrochloride, and can promote the development of pecan oil, particularly wild pecan oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 The fluorescence microscopy results of different groups of zebrafish in Example 2 are shown;

[0019] Figure 2 The fluorescence intensity test results of different groups of zebrafish in Example 2;

[0020] Figure 3 The results of fluorescence microscopy observation of different groups of zebrafish after ROS staining in Example 3;

[0021] Figure 4 The fluorescence intensity test results of different groups of zebrafish after ROS staining in Example 3;

[0022] Figure 5 The fluorescence microscopy results of zebrafish neutrophils in different treatment groups in Example 4 are shown;

[0023] Figure 6 is the number of neutrophils in zebrafish in different treatment groups in Example 4;

[0024] Among them, * indicates P < 0.05, ** indicates P < 0.01, and *** indicates P < 0.001. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The invention provides application of pecan oil in one or more aspects of moistening intestines and promoting bowel movements, resisting aging and enhancing immunity.

[0026] In one embodiment, the pecan oil is wild pecan oil. In one embodiment, the wild pecan oil contains fatty acids and vitamin E; the fatty acids include palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid. In one embodiment, the fatty acids are composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 2.4% palmitic acid, 0.2% palmitoleic acid, 0.5% stearic acid, 17.0% oleic acid, 69.7% linoleic acid, and 10.2% linolenic acid. In one embodiment, the vitamin E content of the wild pecan oil is 56.7 mg / 100 g.

[0027] In one embodiment, the method for preparing wild pecan oil comprises: crushing wild pecan kernels and then pressing them to obtain wild pecan oil. In one embodiment, the particle size of the crushed wild pecan kernels is ≤1 cm. In another embodiment, the crushed wild pecan kernels are dried at 50°C for 24 hours, ground into powder after drying, and mechanically pressed in an oil press. In another embodiment, the raw materials for preparing the wild pecan oil include wild pecans from Yahe Village, Yahe Township, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, Benxi City, Liaoning Province.

[0028] As an embodiment, the anti-aging includes reducing the content of active oxygen.

[0029] In one embodiment, the enhancing immunity comprises increasing the number of neutrophils.

[0030] The pecan oil provided by the present invention is a natural vegetable oil extracted from pecans, which is rich in multiple bioactive ingredients such as monounsaturated fatty acids, polyphenol compounds (such as ellagic acid) and vitamin E. By establishing different zebrafish animal models and using fluorescence staining observation, the present invention discovered the efficacy of pecan oil in moistening the intestines and promoting bowel movements, anti-aging and enhancing immunity, and the effect of enhancing immunity is better than that of berberine hydrochloride. The present invention can promote the development of pecan oil, especially wild pecan oil.

[0031] To further illustrate the present invention, the application of the pecan oil provided by the present invention in one or more aspects of moistening the intestines and promoting bowel movements, anti-aging and enhancing immunity is described in detail below with reference to the examples and drawings, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Wild pecan oil is prepared by the following method: shelling wild pecans and crushing them into small pieces less than 1 cm in size, drying them at 50°C for 24 hours, grinding them into powder after drying, wrapping the powder in a filter bag, and placing it in an oil press for mechanical pressing to obtain wild pecan oil; the wild pecans were purchased from Yahe Village, Yahe Township, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, Benxi City, Liaoning Province.

[0034] The fatty acid composition of the wild pecan oil was determined using the method of GB / T 22327-2008 "Walnut Oil", and the results were as follows: palmitic acid (C16:0) 2.4%, palmitoleic acid (C16:1) 0.2%, stearic acid (C18:0) 0.5%, oleic acid (C18:1) 17.0%, linoleic acid (C18:2) 69.7% and linolenic acid (C18:3) 10.2%.

[0035] The vitamin E content in the wild pecan oil was detected by the method of GB / T 5009.82-2003 and was 56.7 mg / 100 g.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Feifan Standard Technology Service (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was commissioned to test the laxative effect of the wild pecan oil in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Detection principle: Poor digestion and decreased motility can lead to intestinal blockage. Zebrafish is a vertebrate with a high homology to humans. Its intestinal composition is similar to that of humans, with endothelial cells, connective tissue, circular muscles and outer longitudinal muscle layers. Aluminum sulfate can reduce intestinal motility and induce poor digestion in zebrafish. By feeding specific fluorescent materials that are not absorbed by the intestine (such as calcein), it can be clearly observed that the intestinal motility of zebrafish with poor digestion slows down, and the fluorescence intensity in the intestine is significantly brighter than that of normal zebrafish. Domperidone, as an over-the-counter drug, has the effects of promoting gastrointestinal motility, accelerating gastrointestinal emptying, and lubricating the intestine. Therefore, domperidone was used as the positive control group to study the laxative effect of wild pecan oil.

[0039] Experimental Materials: Wild-type AB strain zebrafish were used, with 30 per group housed in individual culture tanks. Adult fish were reared under strictly controlled conditions: water temperature was maintained at 28 ± 0.5°C, and the light-dark cycle was 14 hours light and 10 hours dark. Water quality parameters were as follows: pH 7.0-7.5, conductivity 450-500 μS / cm, total ammonia nitrogen <0.02 mg / L, and dissolved oxygen 5-8 mg / L. Live Artemia nauplii were fed twice daily prior to the experiment to ensure optimal growth and physiological conditions.

[0040] The zebrafish tested (5 days after fertilization) were divided into four groups: a blank control group, a model control group, a positive control group, and a sample treatment group. The blank control group received no treatment, while the other three groups were treated with aluminum sulfate as a model and domperidone as a positive drug. The sample treatment group was immersed in a 1% (v / v) wild pecan oil solution for a period of time. The intestines of the zebrafish in different groups were fluorescently stained with calcein and observed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope (SZX7, Olympus, Japan). The results are shown in Figures 1-2 and Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Fluorescence intensity detection results of zebrafish in different groups

[0042] Blank control group Model control group Positive control group Sample processing group 64.40±10.14 107.32±37.88 54.65±20.09 57.69±12.42

[0043] The results showed that the intestinal fluorescence intensity of the model control group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the model was successfully established. Compared with the model control group, the intestinal fluorescence intensity of the sample treatment group and the positive control group was significantly reduced, and the degree of fluorescence intensity reduction in the two groups was basically the same, indicating that the sample and the positive control groups had the same bowel-moistening effect, that is, the wild pecan oil provided by the present invention has the effect of moisturizing the intestine and promoting bowel movements.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] Feifan Standard Technology Service (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was commissioned to test the anti-aging efficacy of the wild pecan oil in Example 1, including the following steps:

[0046] Test Principle: Oxidative stress is a key factor contributing to aging. Normal physiological metabolism produces oxidatively active substances, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS). When ROS production in the body exceeds the body's ability to clear them, oxidative stress is triggered. This oxidative stress can damage intracellular biomolecules such as lipids, proteins, and DNA. If the test substance can accelerate the synthesis of anti-aging substances and enhance the activity of anti-aging enzymes, it can rapidly eliminate ROS produced in the body, thereby reducing ROS-induced lipid and protein peroxidation and maintaining a healthy balance between ROS production and elimination. After treatment with the test substance, a decrease in ROS levels in zebrafish directly reflects the anti-aging potential of the test substance. Glutathione is an endogenous antioxidant that maintains oxidative homeostasis in organisms. Glutathione scavenges free radicals and reactive oxygen species in the body, thereby promoting anti-aging effects. Therefore, glutathione was selected as the positive control.

[0047] The test materials are the same as those in Example 2.

[0048] 90 wild AB zebrafish 3 days after fertilization were raised in a standardized manner and divided into a blank control group, a positive control group, and a sample treatment group. The blank control group did not receive any treatment, the positive control group was supplemented with glutathione, and the sample treatment group was supplemented with wild pecan oil at a final concentration of 1000 μg / mL. After a period of culture, the zebrafish were stained for ROS, observed under a fluorescence microscope, and photographed. The results are shown in Figures 3-4 and Table 2.

[0049] Table 2 Average fluorescence intensity of zebrafish in different groups after ROS staining

[0050] Blank control group Positive control group Sample processing group 50.63±3.57 41.75±4.44 43.39±6.16

[0051] The results showed that compared with the blank control group, the fluorescence intensity of the sample treatment group and the positive control group was significantly reduced, indicating that the ROS content was low. It can be seen that the wild pecan oil provided by the present invention has anti-aging effects.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] Feifan Standard Technology Service (Suzhou) Co., Ltd. was commissioned to test the immunity-enhancing efficacy of the wild pecan oil in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0054] Detection Principle: Zebrafish, a small tropical freshwater fish native to South Asia, are widely used as a vertebrate laboratory animal worldwide due to their ease of care, strong reproductive capacity, rapid development, and transparent, easily observable fertilized eggs. As a representative of lower vertebrates, zebrafish share 87% genetic homology with humans and are increasingly used in diverse fields, including disease model development, gene function assessment, drug screening, toxicity testing, and environmental health risk assessment. Zebrafish experiments have also contributed significantly to the development of traditional Chinese medicine, natural medicines, health foods, and functional foods. Humans and zebrafish share a strikingly similar immune system cellular composition, and samples with immune-modulating properties will exhibit corresponding changes in zebrafish neutrophil counts. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that participates in nonspecific immunity, and a high number indicates strong immunity. Therefore, the strength of an organism's immune system can be quantified by measuring neutrophil counts. Berberine hydrochloride is a natural antimicrobial substance with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and has been used in aquaculture as a natural alternative to antibiotics. It was used as a positive control.

[0055] Experimental materials: transgenic neutrophil fluorescence strain zebrafish, 30 fish per group, reared in the same manner as in Example 2.

[0056] 90 transgenic neutrophil fluorescence strain zebrafish were raised in a standardized manner 3 days after fertilization and divided into a blank control group, a positive control group and a sample treatment group. The test substance stock solution was diluted in equal proportions with the help of buffered water to form a set of gradient solutions of appropriate concentrations, with a dilution multiple of not less than 10 times, and reserved for use. Among them, the blank control group did not receive any treatment, and the positive control group and the sample treatment group were added with berberine hydrochloride and 1% (v / v) wild pecan oil solution, respectively. After a long period of culture, the number and fluorescence intensity of zebrafish neutrophils were measured. The results are shown in Figures 5-6 and Table 3.

[0057] Table 3 The number of neutrophils in zebrafish in different treatment groups

[0058] Blank control group Positive control group Sample processing group 144.86±12.62 213.43±46.71 241.43±76.41

[0059] The results showed that compared with the blank control group, the number of neutrophils (or fluorescence intensity) in the sample-treated group and the positive control group increased significantly, indicating that wild pecan oil has an immune-enhancing effect. Compared with the positive control group, the number of neutrophils (or fluorescence intensity) in the sample-treated group was higher (or stronger), indicating that wild pecan oil has a stronger immune-enhancing function than berberine hydrochloride.

[0060] Although the above embodiment provides a detailed description of the present invention, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of pecan oil in one or more aspects of laxative, anti-aging and immunity enhancement.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The pecan oil is wild pecan oil.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that The wild pecan oil contains fatty acids and vitamin E; the fatty acids include palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that The fatty acid consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 2.4% of palmitic acid, 0.2% of palmitoleic acid, 0.5% of stearic acid, 17.0% of oleic acid, 69.7% of linoleic acid and 10.2% of linolenic acid.

5. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that The content of vitamin E in the wild pecan oil is 56.7 mg / 100 g.

6. The use according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The preparation method of the wild pecan oil comprises the following steps: crushing wild pecan kernels and then squeezing to obtain the wild pecan oil.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The particle size of the crushed wild pecan kernels is ≤1 cm.

8. The use according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The raw materials for preparing the wild pecan oil include wild pecans from Yahe Village, Yahe Township, Huanren Manchu Autonomous County, Benxi City, Liaoning Province.

9. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The anti-aging effect includes reducing the level of active oxygen.

10. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The enhancement of immunity includes increasing the number of neutrophils.

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