Electroporation skin care system and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electroporation skincare system and a control method, and belongs to the technical field of electroporation skincare, the electroporation skincare system comprises at least four electrodes which are annularly distributed, and the electrodes are in contact with the skin surface; in the whole working period, a plurality of different time periods T are set, any two electrodes in each time period T form a complementary electrode pair, each complementary electrode pair outputs a basic pulse and a sudden change pulse, and the basic pulse and the sudden change pulse are pulse signals with different parameters. According to the cosmetic instrument, an output mode that multiple electrodes are combined and basic pulses and mutation pulses are combined is adopted, the uniformity of skin stimulation is remarkably improved, skin cell damage is effectively avoided, and the problems that a cosmetic instrument is single in electrode pair, non-uniform in pulse stimulation and single in pulse signal are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electroporation skin care, and in particular to an electroporation skin care system and control method. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of beauty devices currently on the market, based on principles that can be broadly categorized as radiofrequency, microcurrent, electroporation, red light, and iontophoresis. Radiofrequency, microcurrent, and electroporation all deliver an electrical current through the device's electrodes. Radiofrequency stimulates the skin in contact with the electrodes to generate heat, which in turn contracts and tightens subcutaneous collagen, achieving wrinkle reduction. Microcurrent uses electric pulses to stimulate tiny contractions of facial muscles, achieving a firming effect. Electroporation involves applying short, high-voltage pulses to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, temporarily creating defects and nanoscale pores. This increases the permeability of the cell membrane, allowing substances that would otherwise be unable to pass through it, such as large-molecule drugs and gene fragments, to pass between the cell and the outside world. Once the electric field stimulation ends, the cell membrane typically repairs itself. In skincare, electroporation can be used to deliver beauty ingredients deeper into the skin for enhanced results. For example, some beauty devices utilize electroporation to aid the absorption of products like serums.

[0003] Existing technologies typically use a single, fixed electrode pair for pulse stimulation, resulting in uneven skin stimulation and the risk of localized overstimulation or understimulation. This uneven stimulation and overstimulation can also damage skin cells, impacting skin health. Furthermore, existing technologies using a single pulse signal from an electrode pair leave room for further improvement in promoting electroporation pores in cell membranes and enhancing cell membrane permeability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to provide an electroporation skin care system and control method, which adopts a multi-electrode combination and an output method combining basic pulses and mutation pulses, significantly improving the uniformity of skin stimulation, effectively avoiding skin cell damage, and improving skin absorption efficiency.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this application is: an electroporation skin care system, comprising at least four electrodes distributed in a ring shape, the electrodes being in contact with the skin surface; within the entire working cycle, a plurality of different time periods T are set, and in each time period T, any two electrodes form a pair of complementary electrode pairs, and each pair of complementary electrode pairs outputs a basic pulse and a mutation pulse, and the basic pulse and the mutation pulse are pulse signals with different parameters.

[0006] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this application are that it adopts a multi-electrode combination mode, forming multiple pairs of different complementary electrodes during the working cycle. In addition, the electrodes are arranged in a circular pattern, achieving pulse stimulation of the skin from multiple directions and positions. Compared with traditional single or fixed electrode pair combinations, this significantly improves the uniformity of skin stimulation, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven local stimulation and preventing skin cell damage.

[0007] This application proposes a unique output method that combines basal pulses with sudden pulses. The basal pulses continuously stimulate at a specific frequency and duty cycle, gradually enhancing cell membrane permeability. The sudden pulses, delivered instantly and at high intensity after the basal pulses, precisely induce electroporation holes in the cell membrane. The two work together to significantly improve the absorption efficiency of skincare essences.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the present application includes four electrodes, which are respectively recorded as a first electrode, a second electrode, a third electrode, and a fourth electrode. In the entire working cycle, 12 different time periods are set and recorded as T01-T12. In each time period, any two electrodes form a complementary electrode pair. The specific combination and polarity settings are as follows:

[0009] Time period T01: the first electrode and the second electrode form the first complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode;

[0010] Time period T02: the second electrode and the third electrode form the second complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode;

[0011] Time period T03: the third electrode and the fourth electrode form the third complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode;

[0012] Time period T04: the fourth electrode and the first electrode form the fourth complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode;

[0013] Time period T05: the first electrode and the third electrode form the fifth complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode;

[0014] Time period T06: the second electrode and the fourth electrode form the sixth complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode;

[0015] Time period T07: the fourth electrode and the second electrode form the seventh complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode;

[0016] Time period T08: the third electrode and the first electrode form the eighth complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode;

[0017] Time period T09: the first electrode and the fourth electrode form the ninth complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode;

[0018] Time period T10: the fourth electrode and the third electrode form the tenth complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode;

[0019] Time period T11: the third electrode and the second electrode form the 11th complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode;

[0020] Time period T12: the second electrode and the first electrode form the 12th complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode.

[0021] In different time periods, the four electrodes are combined in pairs to form 12 different complementary electrode pairs. Each pair of complementary electrode pairs outputs pulse signals with different parameters in a specific order to act on the skin, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly stimulating the skin and promoting the absorption of skin care essence.

[0022] Through this combination of multiple complementary electrode pairs, the skin can be stimulated by pulses in different directions and positions. Compared with a single electrode pair or a fixed electrode pair combination, a more uniform stimulation effect can be achieved, avoiding the problem of local over-stimulation or under-stimulation of the skin.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, in each time period T, each complementary electrode pair first outputs a basic pulse signal, and then outputs at least one sudden change pulse signal after outputting the basic pulse.

[0024] The base pulse continuously acts on the skin at a low intensity, specific frequency, and duty cycle, preparing it for subsequent treatment. The sudden pulse, delivered immediately after the base pulse, delivers a burst of high intensity, achieving electroporation of the cell membrane. The two work together to gradually increase cell membrane permeability, then form pores that facilitate the absorption of skincare essences, ultimately enhancing skincare effectiveness. The following details the specific mechanisms of action of the base and sudden pulse outputs.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the output frequency range of the basic pulse output signal is 1.5 kHz to 1.8 kHz, and the duty cycle is 10% to 20%. This basic pulse signal is mainly used for massaging and pre-treatment of the skin, gradually enhancing the permeability of the skin cell membrane through continuous low-intensity pulse stimulation.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, when a pulse signal is applied, a transmembrane potential ΔV is generated on both sides of the cell membrane. m ,

[0027] ΔV mIt can be calculated by the following formula:

[0028] ΔV m =0.75rEcosθ

[0029] Where r is the cell radius (the average skin cell radius r is set to 10 μm), E is the applied electric field strength (based on the device output parameters and electrode spacing, E is set to 10 V / mm to 50 V / mm under the basic pulse), and θ is the angle between the cell membrane surface normal and the electric field direction (due to the multi-electrode combination, the angle θ ranges from θ = 0° to 45°);

[0030] Substituting the parameters into the formula we get:

[0031] ΔV m =0.053V~0.375V.

[0032] This application designs a cell capacitance model, treating the cell membrane as a capacitor. When a pulse signal is applied, the transmembrane potential generated on both sides of the cell membrane. Although this transmembrane potential (0.053V to 0.375V) is relatively low, the continuous action of the basic pulse, according to the Debye-Hückel theory, will change the ion distribution on the cell membrane surface and the conformation of the ion channels on the membrane, causing the membrane fluidity and permeability to gradually increase.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, in each time period T, after the basic pulse, at least one mutation pulse signal is output, the output frequency of the mutation pulse signal is 1.5 to 1.8 kHz, and the mutation pulse signal is a pulse signal whose duty cycle suddenly changes to 30% to 50%.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, when a sudden pulse signal acts on the skin, a transient high-intensity transmembrane potential ΔV' is generated on both sides of the cell membrane. m ,

[0035] Transmembrane potential ΔV' m The calculation formula is: ΔV' m =0.75rEcosθ;

[0036] Where r is the cell radius (the average skin cell radius r is set to 10 μm), E is the applied electric field strength (based on the device output parameters and electrode spacing, the applied electric field strength under the action of the sudden pulse is set to E = 80 V / mm to 100 V / mm), and θ is the angle between the cell membrane surface normal and the electric field direction (due to the multi-electrode combination, the angle range is θ = 0° to 45°);

[0037] Substituting the parameters into the formula we get:

[0038] ΔV' m=0.424V~0.75V.

[0039] According to electroporation theory, when the transmembrane potential ΔV m Reaching the threshold potential ΔV th When ΔV th ≈0.5~1V.

[0040] The transmembrane potential (0.424V~0.75V) generated at this time is close to or exceeds the threshold potential. The structure of the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer will change, and the originally tightly arranged phospholipid molecules will appear in a short-term disordered state, thereby forming nanometer to micrometer-scale holes in the cell membrane, namely electroporation holes.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the electrodes are connected to a hardware system, which includes a status display module, a battery management module, a key operation module, a main control unit module, a boost processing and voltage acquisition module, an electrode driving module, and an electrode output module;

[0042] The battery management module provides power to the hardware system;

[0043] The key operation module sends an operation signal to the main control unit module;

[0044] The main control unit module sends a status signal to the status display module for display, and the status display module displays the status signal of the hardware system;

[0045] The electrode output module includes at least four electrodes distributed in a ring shape, and the electrodes act on the skin tissue;

[0046] The electrode driving module includes at least four electrode driving circuits, which are connected to the electrodes of the electrode output module; the main control unit module controls the positive phase and negative phase of the electrode driving circuit;

[0047] The main control unit module sequentially outputs pulse signals to the electrode driving module, and the electrode driving module generates electroporation signals and outputs them to the skin through the electrodes.

[0048] The main control unit module is connected to the boost processing and voltage acquisition module, and the main control unit module controls the operation of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module; the main control unit module collects the actual output voltage of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module, and the main control unit module compares the deviation between the actual output voltage and the target voltage, and adjusts the output duty cycle in real time.

[0049] The main control unit module of this application uses a main control chip model STC8H1K28-36I-LQFP32.

[0050] A control method for an electroporation skin care system is applied to the electroporation skin care system described above, and the control method comprises the following steps:

[0051] 1) Start and Initialize: The device starts, performs initialization operations, and completes hardware and parameter configuration;

[0052] 2) Entering sleep mode: After initialization, the device enters low-power sleep mode by default;

[0053] 3) Determine system wake-up: Continuously detect whether there is a wake-up signal:

[0054] No: maintain dormant state;

[0055] Yes: execute step 4) battery level detection process, step 5) key setting process, and step 13) switch key scanning;

[0056] 4) Battery level detection: Start the battery voltage detection module, obtain the current battery level and determine whether the battery level is lower than the preset threshold; if so, enter the sleep state; if not, execute the battery level detection process again;

[0057] 5) Button setting gear: Set the target voltage according to the button, and calculate the duty cycle of the initial PWM signal according to the target voltage;

[0058] 6) Output PWM signal;

[0059] 7) Voltage acquisition and filtering: Collect the actual voltage after boosting and perform filtering to obtain the actual voltage;

[0060] 8) Compare the actual voltage with the target voltage and calculate whether the error value is less than the tolerance value (0.1%);

[0061] If not, adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal according to the error, and then execute step 6);

[0062] If yes, go to step 9);

[0063] 9) Output basic pulse: the current complementary electrode pair outputs the basic pulse;

[0064] 10) Outputting sudden pulses: Outputting sudden pulses from the current complementary electrode pair;

[0065] 11) Outputting basic pulses: The current complementary electrode pair outputs basic pulses;

[0066] 12) Switch to the next complementary electrode pair and execute step 8);

[0067] 13) Switch button scanning: Start the switch button scanning module to determine whether to trigger shutdown; if so, enter the sleep state, if not, execute the switch button scanning process again.

[0068] The above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily based on the common knowledge in this field. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these drawings are drawn only for the purpose of explaining the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the drawings are merely schematic representations of the composition or structure of the described objects and may contain exaggerated representations. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0070] Figure 1 This is the hardware system block diagram;

[0071] Figure 2 Main control unit module circuit;

[0072] Figure 3 It is a voltage boost processing and voltage sampling module circuit;

[0073] Figure 4 An electrode driving circuit;

[0074] Figure 5 It is the logic signal diagram of the electrode driving circuit;

[0075] Figure 6 It is the waveform diagram of electrode to ground;

[0076] Figure 7 is the waveform diagram of the complementary electrode pair;

[0077] Figure 8 Flowchart of the control method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application more clear, the following further describes this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0080] An electroporation skin care system, embodiment 1: includes at least four electrodes distributed in a ring shape, and the electrodes are in contact with the skin surface; within the entire working cycle, a plurality of different time periods T are set, and in each time period T, any two electrodes form a pair of complementary electrodes to achieve pulse stimulation of the skin from multiple directions and multiple positions. Compared with the traditional single or fixed electrode pair combination, the uniformity of skin stimulation is significantly improved, and the problem of uneven local stimulation is effectively avoided. Each pair of complementary electrodes outputs a basic pulse and a mutation pulse, and the basic pulse and the mutation pulse are pulse signals with different parameters. The present application proposes a unique output method that combines a basic pulse with a mutation pulse. The basic pulse continuously stimulates at a specific frequency and duty cycle, gradually enhancing the permeability of the cell membrane; the mutation pulse is output at a high intensity instantaneously after the basic pulse, accurately prompting the cell membrane to form electroporation holes. The two work together to greatly improve the absorption efficiency of the skin care essence.

[0081] Example 2 includes four electrodes, which are respectively denoted as the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode, and the fourth electrode. In the entire working cycle, 12 different time periods are set as T01-T12. In each time period, any two electrodes form a complementary electrode pair. The specific combination and polarity settings are as follows:

[0082] Time period T01: the first electrode and the second electrode form the first complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode;

[0083] Time period T02: the second electrode and the third electrode form the second complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode;

[0084] Time period T03: the third electrode and the fourth electrode form the third complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode;

[0085] Time period T04: the fourth electrode and the first electrode form the fourth complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode;

[0086] Time period T05: the first electrode and the third electrode form the fifth complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode;

[0087] Time period T06: the second electrode and the fourth electrode form the sixth complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode;

[0088] Time period T07: the fourth electrode and the second electrode form the seventh complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode;

[0089] Time period T08: the third electrode and the first electrode form the eighth complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode;

[0090] Time period T09: the first electrode and the fourth electrode form the ninth complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode;

[0091] Time period T10: the fourth electrode and the third electrode form the tenth complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode;

[0092] Time period T11: the third electrode and the second electrode form the 11th complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode;

[0093] Time period T12: the second electrode and the first electrode form the 12th complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode.

[0094] In different time periods, the four electrodes are combined in pairs to form 12 different complementary electrode pairs. Each pair of complementary electrode pairs outputs pulse signals with different parameters in a specific order to act on the skin, thereby achieving the purpose of uniformly stimulating the skin and promoting the absorption of skin care essence.

[0095] Through this combination of multiple complementary electrode pairs, the skin can be stimulated by pulses in different directions and positions. Compared with a single electrode pair or a fixed electrode pair combination, a more uniform stimulation effect can be achieved, avoiding the problem of local over-stimulation or under-stimulation of the skin.

[0096] In each time period T, each complementary electrode pair first outputs a basic pulse signal, and then outputs at least one sudden change pulse signal.

[0097] The base pulse continuously acts on the skin at a low intensity, specific frequency, and duty cycle, preparing it for subsequent treatment. The sudden pulse, delivered immediately after the base pulse, delivers a burst of high intensity, achieving electroporation of the cell membrane. The two work together to gradually increase cell membrane permeability, then form pores that facilitate the absorption of skincare essences, ultimately enhancing skincare effectiveness. The following details the specific mechanisms of action of the base and sudden pulse outputs.

[0098] The basic pulse output signal has an output frequency range of 1.5 kHz to 1.8 kHz and a duty cycle of 10% to 20%. This basic pulse signal is mainly used for massaging and pre-treatment of the skin, gradually enhancing the permeability of the skin cell membrane through continuous low-intensity pulse stimulation.

[0099] When a pulse signal is applied, a transmembrane potential ΔV is generated on both sides of the cell membrane. m ,

[0100] ΔV m It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0101] ΔV m =0.75rEcosθ

[0102] Where r is the cell radius (the average skin cell radius r is set to 10 μm), E is the applied electric field strength (based on the device output parameters and electrode spacing, E is set to 10 V / mm to 50 V / mm under the basic pulse), and θ is the angle between the cell membrane surface normal and the electric field direction (due to the multi-electrode combination, the angle θ ranges from θ = 0° to 45°);

[0103] Substituting the parameters into the formula we get:

[0104] ΔV m =0.053V~0.375V.

[0105] This application designs a cell capacitance model, which regards the cell membrane as a capacitor. When a pulse signal is applied, the transmembrane potential is generated on both sides of the cell membrane.

[0106] When E=10V / mm,θ=0°:

[0107] ΔV m =0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(10×10 3 )×cos0°≈0.75×10 -1 =0.075V.

[0108] When E=10V / mm,θ=45°:

[0109] ΔV m =0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(10×10 3 )×cos45°≈0.53×10 -1 =0.053V.

[0110] When E=50V / mm,θ=0°:

[0111] ΔV m =0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(50×10 3 )×cos0°≈3.75×10 -1 =0.375V.

[0112] When E=50V / mm,θ=45°:

[0113] ΔV m =0.75×(10×10-6 )×(50×10 3 )×cos45°≈2.65×10 -1 V = 0.265V.

[0114] Although the transmembrane potential (0.053V to 0.375V) is relatively low, the basic pulse continues to act. According to the Debye-Hückel theory, the ion distribution on the cell membrane surface will change, and the conformation of the ion channels on the membrane will also change accordingly, causing the fluidity and permeability of the membrane to gradually increase. Its mechanism of action can be reflected by the change in the ion diffusion flux J.

[0115] The formula for ion diffusion flux is:

[0116]

[0117] Where D is the ion diffusion coefficient, The ion concentration gradient is a function of the ion concentration gradient. Under the action of the basic pulse, the ion concentration gradient inside and outside the cell membrane changes, resulting in a change in the ion diffusion flux, which gradually increases the permeability of the cell membrane and lays the foundation for the subsequent formation of electroporation holes. At the same time, this massage-like pulse stimulation can also promote local blood circulation in the skin, aiding the transportation and metabolism of nutrients.

[0118] In each time period T, after the basic pulse, at least one sudden pulse signal is output, the output frequency of the sudden pulse signal is 1.5-1.8KHz, and the sudden pulse signal is a pulse signal with a duty cycle suddenly changed to 30%-50%.

[0119] When a sudden pulse signal acts on the skin, a transient high-intensity transmembrane potential ΔV' will be generated on both sides of the cell membrane. m , transmembrane potential ΔV' m The calculation formula is: ΔV' m =0.75rEcosθ;

[0120] Where r is the cell radius (the average skin cell radius r is set to 10 μm), E is the applied electric field strength (based on the device output parameters and electrode spacing, the applied electric field strength under the action of the sudden pulse is set to E = 80 V / mm to 100 V / mm), and θ is the angle between the cell membrane surface normal and the electric field direction (due to the multi-electrode combination, the angle range is θ = 0° to 45°);

[0121] Substituting the parameters into the formula we get:

[0122] ΔV' m =0.424V~0.75V.

[0123] When E=80V / mm,θ=0°:ΔV' m=0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(80×10 3 )×cos0°≈6×10 -1 V=0.6V

[0124] When E=80V / mm,θ=45°:ΔV' m =0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(80×10 3 )×cos45°≈4.24×10 -1 V=0.424V

[0125] When E=100V / mm, θ=0°: ΔV' m =0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(100×10 3 )×cos0°≈0.75V

[0126] When E=100V / mm, θ=45°: ΔV' m =0.75×(10×10 -6 )×(100×10 3 )×cos45°≈0.53V

[0127] According to electroporation theory, when the transmembrane potential ΔV m Reaching the threshold potential ΔV th When ΔV th ≈0.5~1V.

[0128] The transmembrane potential (0.424V~0.75V) generated at this time is close to or exceeds the threshold potential. The structure of the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer will change, and the originally tightly arranged phospholipid molecules will appear in a short-term disordered state, thereby forming nanometer to micrometer-scale holes in the cell membrane, namely electroporation holes.

[0129] According to the electroporation kinetics theory, the probability of hole formation P is related to the transmembrane potential ΔV m The probability of hole formation P is related to the pulse duration t and can be expressed by the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] Where k is the Boltzmann constant (k = 1.38 × 10 -23J / K), where T is the absolute temperature (assuming skin temperature T = 310K). When the transmembrane potential generated by the sudden pulse exceeds the threshold potential, the probability of pore formation, P, increases significantly, resulting in the formation of electroporation holes in the cell membrane. These holes form over a short period of time and gradually close after the pulse ends. However, during the period in which the holes exist, the active ingredients in the skincare essence can quickly penetrate the cell interior through the holes, significantly improving the efficiency of the cell's absorption of the essence and thus enhancing the skincare effect.

[0132] However, the higher the transmembrane potential, the greater the irritation to human skin. Too high a transmembrane potential will lead to a poor user experience, so this application aims to control it within a reasonable range.

[0133] Specifically, it is known that the mutation pulse frequency is 1.5-1.8KHz, the mutation pulse duty cycle D is 30%-50%, and according to the period calculation formula Available Then according to the pulse width T w =T p ×D, so we can get the duration of a sudden pulse t=T w =(30%~50%)×(555.6us~666.7us)=166.68us~333.35us.

[0134] The rest of the content of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.

[0135] Example 3, as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the electrode is connected to the hardware system, which includes a status display module 1, a battery management module 2, a key operation module 3, a main control unit module 4, a boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5, an electrode drive module 6 and an electrode output module 7; the battery management module 2 supplies power to the hardware system; the key operation module 3 sends an operation signal to the main control unit module 4; the main control unit module 4 sends a status signal to the status display module 1 for display, and the status display module 1 displays the status signal of the hardware system; the electrode output module 7 includes at least four electrodes distributed in a ring, and the electrodes act on the skin tissue; the electrode drive module 6 includes at least four electrode drive circuits, and the electrode drive circuit is connected to the electrodes of the electrode output module 7; the main control unit module 4 controls the positive phase and negative phase of the electrode drive circuit; the main control unit module 4 outputs a pulse signal to the electrode drive module 6 in sequence, and the electrode drive module 6 forms an electroporation signal and outputs it to the skin through the electrode.

[0136] The main control unit module 4 is connected to the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5, and the main control unit module 4 controls the operation of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5; the main control unit module 4 collects the actual output voltage of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5, and the main control unit module 4 compares the deviation between the actual output voltage and the target voltage, and adjusts the output duty cycle in real time.

[0137] The main control unit module 4 of this application uses a main control chip with model number STC8H1K28-36I-LQFP32.

[0138] The following is a detailed description of the hardware system:

[0139] like Figure 2 As shown in the circuit of the main control unit module 4: the PWM1P~PWM4P pins in the main control chip U2 respectively control the positive phases of the four groups of electrode drive circuits, and the PWM1N~PWM4N pins in the main control chip U2 respectively control the negative phases of the four groups of electrode drive circuits.

[0140] The voltage boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5 adopts a BOOST voltage boost circuit.

[0141] The PWM6 pin in the main control chip U2 controls the BOOST boost circuit, and the ADC9 pin in the main control chip U2 collects the output signal of the BOOST boost circuit.

[0142] like Figure 3 The boost processing and voltage sampling module circuit is shown as follows: the PWM6 pin in the main control chip U2 is connected to the PWM6 end in the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5, and the ADC9 pin in the main control chip U2 is connected to the output end ADC9 of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5. When the main control unit module 4 starts the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5 to output the voltage, the ADC9 pin of the main control chip U2 simultaneously collects the output voltage of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5, and then compares the deviation between the actual output voltage and the target voltage through the main control unit module 4, and adjusts the duty cycle of the PWM6 pin output in the main control chip U2 in real time, thereby forming a closed-loop control of the output voltage of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module 5 to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the voltage.

[0143] like Figure 4 As shown in the circuit of the electrode driving module 6, the PWM1P~PWM4P pins in the main control chip U2 are respectively connected to the PWM1P~PWM4P ends of the electrode driving module 6, the PWM1N~PWM4N pins in the main control chip U2 are respectively connected to the PWM1N~PWM4N ends of the electrode driving module 6, and the output ends O1~O4 in the electrode driving module 6 are respectively connected to the four electrodes in the electrode output module 7.

[0144] When the main control unit module 4 starts output, the PWM1P~PWM4P pins and PWM1N~PWM4N pins in the main control chip U2 respectively output pulse signals according to a preset timing. The pulse signals are processed by the electrode driving module 6 to form electroporation signals. The electroporation signals are then transmitted to the skin by the four electrodes in the electrode output module 7 to realize the electroporation function of skin cells.

[0145] The rest of the content of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first or second embodiment.

[0146] A control method for an electroporation skin care system, embodiment 4, as Figure 8 As shown, the control method applied to the electroporation skin care system as described above includes the following steps:

[0147] 1) Start and Initialize: The device starts, performs initialization operations, and completes hardware and parameter configuration;

[0148] 2) Entering sleep mode: After initialization, the device enters low-power sleep mode by default;

[0149] 3) Determine system wake-up: Continuously detect whether there is a wake-up signal:

[0150] No: maintain dormant state;

[0151] Yes: execute step 4) battery level detection process, step 5) key setting process, and step 13) switch key scanning;

[0152] 4) Battery level detection: Start the battery voltage detection module, obtain the current battery level and determine whether the battery level is lower than the preset threshold; if so, enter the sleep state; if not, execute the battery level detection process again;

[0153] 5) Button setting gear: Set the target voltage according to the button, and calculate the duty cycle of the initial PWM signal according to the target voltage;

[0154] 6) Output PWM signal;

[0155] 7) Voltage acquisition and filtering: Collect the actual voltage after boosting and perform filtering to obtain the actual voltage;

[0156] 8) Compare the actual voltage with the target voltage and calculate whether the error value is less than the tolerance value (0.1%);

[0157] If not, adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal according to the error, and then execute step 6);

[0158] If yes, go to step 9);

[0159] 9) Output basic pulse: the current complementary electrode pair outputs the basic pulse;

[0160] 10) Outputting sudden pulses: Outputting sudden pulses from the current complementary electrode pair;

[0161] 11) Outputting basic pulses: The current complementary electrode pair outputs basic pulses;

[0162] 12) Switch to the next complementary electrode pair and execute step 8);

[0163] 13) Switch button scanning: Start the switch button scanning module to determine whether to trigger shutdown; if so, enter the sleep state, if not, execute the switch button scanning process again.

[0164] As living standards improve, consumers have a growing demand for efficient and safe skin care solutions. Traditional skin care is difficult to meet due to the limitations of the stratum corneum. This electroporation technology improves the efficiency of ingredient absorption and fills the market gap. Both ordinary consumers and people with specific skin problems have a strong demand for it. Especially at the moment when functional skin care products are attracting attention, it has great market potential. From a commercial perspective, the present invention can improve the efficacy and added value of skin care products, expand to the field of beauty instruments, and create a diversified profit model through cooperation, which is expected to bring considerable economic benefits. After productization, the sales volume of skin care products and beauty instruments is estimated to be considerable, especially in the global market. Productization is divided into stages such as technology optimization and prototype design, establishment of a quality control system, and formulation of marketing strategies. Commercialization is achieved through cooperation with the R&D team, testing, and online and offline promotion.

[0165] The present application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is intended only to facilitate understanding of the present application and its core concepts. It should be noted that, without departing from the principles of the present application, a number of improvements and modifications may be made to the present application by a person skilled in the art, and such improvements and modifications shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An electroporation skin care system, characterized in that: It includes at least four electrodes distributed in a ring shape, and the electrodes are in contact with the skin surface; during the entire working cycle, multiple different time periods T are set, and in each time period T, any two electrodes form a complementary electrode pair, and each complementary electrode pair outputs a basic pulse and a mutation pulse, and the basic pulse and the mutation pulse are pulse signals with different parameters.

2. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes four electrodes, which are respectively recorded as the first electrode, the second electrode, the third electrode and the fourth electrode. In the entire working cycle, 12 different time periods are set and recorded as T01-T12. In each time period, any two electrodes form a complementary electrode pair. The specific combination and polarity settings are as follows: Time period T01: the first electrode and the second electrode form the first complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T02: the second electrode and the third electrode form the second complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T03: the third electrode and the fourth electrode form the third complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T04: the fourth electrode and the first electrode form the fourth complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T05: the first electrode and the third electrode form the fifth complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T06: the second electrode and the fourth electrode form the sixth complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T07: the fourth electrode and the second electrode form the seventh complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T08: the third electrode and the first electrode form the eighth complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T09: the first electrode and the fourth electrode form the ninth complementary electrode pair, wherein the first electrode is the positive electrode and the fourth electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T10: the fourth electrode and the third electrode form the tenth complementary electrode pair, wherein the fourth electrode is the positive electrode and the third electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T11: the third electrode and the second electrode form the 11th complementary electrode pair, wherein the third electrode is the positive electrode and the second electrode is the negative electrode; Time period T12: the second electrode and the first electrode form the 12th complementary electrode pair, wherein the second electrode is the positive electrode and the first electrode is the negative electrode.

3. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each time period T, each complementary electrode pair first outputs a basic pulse signal, and then outputs at least one sudden change pulse signal.

4. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output frequency range of the basic pulse output signal is 1.5KHz to 1.8KHz, and the duty cycle is 10% to 20%.

5. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When a pulse signal is applied, a transmembrane potential ΔV is generated on both sides of the cell membrane. m , ΔV m It can be calculated by the following formula: ΔV m =0.75rEcosθ Where r is the cell radius (the average skin cell radius r is set to 10 μm), E is the applied electric field strength (based on the device output parameters and electrode spacing, E is set to 10 V / mm to 50 V / mm under the basic pulse), and θ is the angle between the cell membrane surface normal and the electric field direction (due to the multi-electrode combination, the angle θ ranges from θ = 0° to 45°); Substituting the parameters into the formula we get: ΔV m =0.053V~0.375V。 6. An electroporation skin care system according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: In each time period T, after the basic pulse, at least one sudden pulse signal is output, the output frequency of the sudden pulse signal is 1.5-1.8KHz, and the sudden pulse signal is a pulse signal with a duty cycle suddenly changed to 30%-50%.

7. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 6, characterized in that: When a sudden pulse signal acts on the skin, a transient high-intensity transmembrane potential ΔV is generated on both sides of the cell membrane. m ’ m, Transmembrane potential ΔV m ’ The calculation formula for m is: ΔV m ’ m=0.75rEcosθ; Where r is the cell radius (the average skin cell radius r is set to 10 μm), E is the applied electric field strength (based on the device output parameters and electrode spacing, the applied electric field strength under the action of the sudden pulse is set to E = 80 V / mm to 100 V / mm), and θ is the angle between the cell membrane surface normal and the electric field direction (due to the multi-electrode combination, the angle range is θ = 0° to 45°); Substituting the parameters into the formula, we can get: ΔV m ’ m=0.424V~0.75V.

8. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode connection hardware system includes a status display module, a battery management module, a key operation module, a main control unit module, a boost processing and voltage acquisition module, an electrode drive module and an electrode output module; The battery management module provides power to the hardware system; The key operation module sends an operation signal to the main control unit module; The main control unit module sends a status signal to the status display module for display, and the status display module displays the status signal of the hardware system; The electrode output module includes at least four electrodes distributed in a ring shape, and the electrodes act on the skin tissue; The electrode driving module includes at least four electrode driving circuits, and the electrode driving circuits are connected to the electrodes of the electrode output module; The main control unit module controls the positive phase and negative phase of the electrode drive circuit; The main control unit module sequentially outputs pulse signals to the electrode driving module, and the electrode driving module generates electroporation signals and outputs them to the skin through the electrodes.

9. The electroporation skin care system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main control unit module is connected to the boost processing and voltage acquisition module, and the main control unit module controls the operation of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module; the main control unit module collects the actual output voltage of the boost processing and voltage acquisition module, and the main control unit module compares the deviation between the actual output voltage and the target voltage, and adjusts the output duty cycle in real time.

10. A control method for an electroporation skin care system, characterized in that: Applied to the electroporation skin care system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the control method comprises the following steps: 1) Start and Initialize: The device starts, performs initialization operations, and completes hardware and parameter configuration; 2) Entering sleep mode: After initialization, the device enters low-power sleep mode by default; 3) Determine system wake-up: Continuously detect whether there is a wake-up signal: No: maintain dormant state; Yes: execute step 4) battery level detection process, step 5) key setting process, and step 13) switch key scanning; 4) Battery level detection: Start the battery voltage detection module, obtain the current battery level and determine whether the battery level is lower than the preset threshold; if so, enter the sleep state; if not, execute the battery level detection process again; 5) Button setting gear: Set the target voltage according to the button, and calculate the duty cycle of the initial PWM signal according to the target voltage; 6) Output PWM signal; 7) Voltage acquisition and filtering: Collect the actual voltage after boosting and perform filtering to obtain the actual voltage; 8) Compare the actual voltage with the target voltage and calculate whether the error value is less than the tolerance value (0.1%); If not, adjust the duty cycle of the PWM signal according to the error, and then execute step 6); If yes, go to step 9); 9) Output basic pulse: the current complementary electrode pair outputs the basic pulse; 10) Outputting sudden pulses: Outputting sudden pulses from the current complementary electrode pair; 11) Outputting basic pulses: The current complementary electrode pair outputs basic pulses; 12) Switch to the next complementary electrode pair and execute step 8); 13) Switch button scanning: Start the switch button scanning module to determine whether to trigger shutdown; if so, enter the sleep state, if not, execute the switch button scanning process again.

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