Preparation method and application of bird's nest algae oil microcapsule

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of microcapsules, in particular to a cubilose algal oil microcapsule preparation method and application, the method comprises the following steps: immersing dry cubilose in distilled water, and stewing after soaking; performing high-pressure sterilization after stewing to obtain braised cubilose, adding the braised cubilose into a homogenizing assembly, and performing homogenizing treatment to obtain homogenized cubilose; forming a wall material from the homogenized cubilose and maltodextrin, dissolving the wall material in water to form a wall material solution, and dropwise adding the core material algal oil into the wall material solution to form a mixed solution; emulsifying the mixed solution to form an emulsion; according to the invention, the braised cubilose is used as the wall material, the core material is wrapped by using the film-forming property of glycoprotein of the cubilose, the cubilose is rich in sialic acid derivatives, the algal oil is rich in DHA, and the envelop formed by the glycoprotein and sialic acid remove hydroxyl to protect DHA from oxidation and degradation; nitrogen serves as emission gas, protein is protected against deterioration in combination with freezing energy, micelle elasticity is reduced through freezing, and the homogenizing effect is improved in combination with nitrogen acceleration and an impact structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microcapsules, and in particular to a preparation method and application of bird's nest algae oil microcapsules. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and advancements in science and technology, people's demand for nutrition is growing. Algal oil, as a natural source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has been widely recognized to have significant benefits for human growth, brain development, and vision, especially for children in their growth and development stages.

[0003] Currently, microencapsulation technology is widely used to enhance the stability and nutritional value of algal oil. Maltodextrin, a commonly used wall material in the microencapsulation process, is widely adopted due to its low cost. However, maltodextrin's nutritional value is relatively low, making its application in enhancing the nutritional value of products less than ideal. Bird's nests are primarily composed of water-soluble glycoproteins (approximately 50%), sialic acid, amino acids, and a small amount of minerals. Glycoproteins possess a natural affinity for water and a certain degree of viscosity, allowing them to form gels or films, making them promising candidates for wall material applications. Furthermore, bird's nests, a traditional food and medicine ingredient with long-standing use in food and health supplements, can mitigate the potential risks of chemically synthesized materials, making them suitable for encapsulating functional ingredients (such as nutrients and drugs), particularly advantageous in high-end food and health supplements.

[0004] However, during the homogenization process of bird's nest after stewing, homogenization is difficult due to the high viscosity of the bird's nest and its easy coagulation to form micelles to make it elastic. If homogenized for a long time, it will cause overheating and easily cause the denaturation of the bird's nest protein, and then it will not be able to be used as a wall material. Therefore, there is a need for a preparation method and application of bird's nest algae oil microcapsules that can use bird's nest as a wall material to supplement nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a preparation method and application of bird's nest algae oil microcapsules that can use bird's nest as a wall material to supplement nutritional components.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, comprising: Preparation of bird's nest stew: soaking the dried bird's nest in distilled water and stewing it; sterilizing it under high pressure after stewing to obtain the bird's nest stew; adding the bird's nest stew to a homogenizing component and homogenizing it to obtain homogenized bird's nest; The homogenizing assembly includes a homogenizer, a motor, a conveyor, a cooling device and a gas cylinder; the homogenizer includes a stator, a rotor and an outer shell, the side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface; an opening is provided at the center of the stator; the second working surface is provided with a crushing cone; the stator and the rotor are arranged in the outer shell in a face-to-face matching manner, the outer shell includes a first inlet and a first outlet, and the motor drives the rotor to rotate; the first inlet is located at the center of the outer shell away from the motor and is aligned with the opening; the conveyor is connected to the first inlet and the gas cylinder respectively; the gas cylinder contains compressed nitrogen; the bird's nest stew is added to the conveyor, the cooling device is started to form a frozen block of the bird's nest stew in the conveyor, and the gas cylinder is turned on so that the frozen block passes through the opening and hits the crushing cone under the action of the airflow, and then undergoes homogenization treatment and is repeated multiple times until a homogenized bird's nest is obtained; Preparation of microcapsules: homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are formed into wall materials in a ratio of 1:2-10, the wall materials are dissolved in water to form a wall material solution, an emulsifier is added to the wall material solution while stirring, and the core material algae oil is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixed liquid, wherein the ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:1-9; the mixed liquid is emulsified to form an emulsion, wherein the solid content of the emulsion is 10-30%; and the emulsion is dried to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0007] Preferably, the homogenizing component further includes a controller and a sealing liquid tank; The sealing liquid tank includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a delivery valve; The cooling device includes a third inlet and a third outlet; The conveyor is connected to the first inlet and the gas cylinder respectively and further comprises: The conveyor includes a first valve, a second valve, a cooling jacket, and a launch tube. The launch tube includes an inflation section, a cooling section, and a launch section. The inflation section and the cooling section are connected via the first valve, and the cooling section and the launch section are connected via the second valve. The cooling jacket is mounted on the outer circumference of the cooling section. The third inlet and the third outlet are connected to the cooling jacket. The launch section is connected to the first inlet. The first outlet is connected to the second inlet; the second outlet is connected to the cooling section through a delivery valve; The gas cylinder is provided with a first gas valve, and the gas cylinder is connected to the inflation section through the first gas valve; The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer, the sealing liquid tank, the motor, the conveyor, the cooling device and the gas cylinder; The bird's nest stew is added into a conveyor, a cooling device is started to form a frozen block of the bird's nest stew in the conveyor, a gas cylinder is opened so that the frozen block hits a crushing cone through an opening under the action of airflow, and then homogenized and repeated multiple times until a homogenous bird's nest is obtained. The process further comprises: Add the bird's nest stew into the sealed liquid tank, open the delivery valve and close the first valve and the second valve at the same time, fill the space in the cooling section with the bird's nest stew and then close the delivery valve, start the cooling device to cool the cooling jacket so that the bird's nest stew in the cooling section forms a frozen block, after the freezing is completed, open the first air valve to inflate the inflation section, after the inflation is completed, close the first air valve and open the second valve, then open the first valve and the motor, so that the frozen block passes through the opening under the action of the airflow and hits the crushing cone, and then undergoes homogenization treatment and returns to the sealed liquid tank for the next freezing, crushing and homogenization until a homogeneous bird's nest is obtained.

[0008] Preferably, the first inlet is located at the center of the outer shell away from the motor; The side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface; an opening is provided at the center of the stator; a second annular structure and a fourth annular structure are provided on the first working surface; The second working surface is further provided with a first annular structure, a third annular structure and a fifth annular structure; the crushing cone, the opening, the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure are concentrically arranged, and the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure are arranged from the inside to the outside; there is a gap between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure, that is, there are four gaps from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap, that is, the gap between the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps gradually increase from the outside to the inside; The first annular structure includes a plurality of triangular cylinders distributed in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular cylinders facing the crushing cone; the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure each include a plurality of rectangular cylinders distributed in a circular array.

[0009] Preferably, the sealed liquid tank further comprises an air pump and a second air valve, and the second air valve is connected to the gas cylinder; After the bird's nest stew is added into the sealed liquid box, the gas in the sealed liquid box is exhausted by the air pump. After exhaustion, the air pump is closed and the second air valve is opened to fill in nitrogen.

[0010] Preferably, a recovery air pump is provided on the sealed liquid tank, and the recovery air pump is connected to the sealed liquid tank and the gas cylinder respectively; an air pressure sensor is also provided in the sealed liquid tank, and when the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the sealed liquid tank is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump is started to reduce the air pressure.

[0011] Preferably, a filter is further provided between the recovery air pump and the sealing liquid tank.

[0012] Preferably, soaking the dried bird's nest in distilled water and stewing the dried bird's nest further comprises: Soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stew it for 20 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, the emulsifiers are sucrose esters and monoglycerides.

[0014] Preferably, the process of drying the emulsion to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules further comprises: The emulsion was poured into a glass culture dish, placed in a -20°C refrigerator for pre-freezing for 12 hours, and finally placed in a vacuum freeze dryer. The freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A food or health product, comprising microcapsules obtained by the above-mentioned method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by using stewed bird's nest as a wall material, the film-forming property of the glycoprotein of the bird's nest can be utilized to wrap the core material; at the same time, the bird's nest is rich in sialic acid derivatives, and the algae oil is rich in DHA; the envelope formed by the glycoprotein, i.e., a physical barrier, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of sialic acid, i.e., a chemical antioxidant, can protect DHA from oxidation and degradation, while also reducing the water content, so that it can be better absorbed and utilized by the human body; and the algae oil DHA has a fishy smell, while the bird's nest itself has a special aroma. After the two are combined, the aroma of the bird's nest can mask the fishy smell of the algae oil, and there is no need to deodorize the algae oil, thereby making the product higher in nutritional value, longer in shelf life, and more easily acceptable to consumers in terms of taste. By setting up the homogenizing component, nitrogen can be used as the emission gas to gradually replace the gas in the entire cycle, so that the entire cycle is protected by nitrogen and is not easy to deteriorate. Frozen blocks are formed by freezing, and then the frozen blocks are broken by nitrogen accelerated impact. The frozen blocks can protect the protein from deterioration while making the elasticity of the micelles that are easy to condense worse or even lose elasticity under the action of freezing, thereby improving the crushing effect and ensuring the subsequent homogenizing effect. Nitrogen acceleration can also prevent deterioration; freezing destroys elasticity and viscosity while also preventing overheating and deterioration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the change in wall material ratio and the embedding efficiency in a single-factor experiment of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the change in solid content and the embedding efficiency in a single-factor experiment of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the core-to-wall ratio change and the embedding efficiency in a single-factor experiment of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A response surface diagram showing the effects of wall material ratio and solid content on microcapsule embedding efficiency in response surface analysis of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A contour map showing the effects of wall material ratio and solid content on microcapsule embedding efficiency using a response surface analysis method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A response surface diagram showing the effects of wall material ratio and core-wall ratio on microcapsule embedding efficiency in response surface analysis of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A contour map showing the influence of wall material ratio and core-to-wall ratio on microcapsule embedding efficiency in response surface analysis of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A response surface diagram showing the effects of core-to-wall ratio and solid content on microcapsule embedding efficiency in response surface analysis of a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A contour map showing the effects of core-to-wall ratio and solid content on microcapsule embedding efficiency using a response surface analysis method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A framework diagram of a homogenizing component used in a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of a homogenizer of a homogenizing component used in a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 A disassembled schematic diagram of a homogenizer of a homogenizing component used in a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a stator of a homogenizer of a homogenizing component used in a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the coordination of the stator and rotor of a homogenizer of a homogenizing assembly used in a method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 The experimental schemes (Examples 1 to 17) designed according to the Box-Behnken model of the present invention and the results thereof; Figure 16The present invention performs statistical analysis on the regression model and obtains the significance test results of the regression equation coefficients.

[0018] Description of labels: 1. Homogenizer; 11. Stator; 111. First working surface; 112. Opening; 113. Second annular structure; 114. Fourth annular structure; 12. Rotor; 121. Second working surface; 122. Crushing cone; 123. First annular structure; 124. Third annular structure; 125. Fifth annular structure; 126. Gap; 13. Outer casing; 131. First inlet; 132. First outlet 2. Sealing liquid tank; 21. Second inlet; 22. Second outlet; 23. Delivery valve; 24. Air pump; 25. Second air valve; 26. Recovery air pump; 27. Filter; 3. Motor; 4. Conveyor; 41. First valve; 42. Second valve; 43. Cooling jacket; 44. Launch tube; 441. Inflating section; 442. Cooling section; 443. Launching section; 5. Cooling device; 51. Third inlet; 52. Third outlet; 6. Gas cylinder; 61. First gas valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To illustrate the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 14 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, comprising: Preparation of bird's nest stew: soaking the dried bird's nest in distilled water and stewing it; sterilizing it under high pressure after stewing to obtain the bird's nest stew; adding the bird's nest stew to a homogenizing component and homogenizing it to obtain homogenized bird's nest; Preparation of microcapsules: homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are formed into wall materials in a ratio of 1:2-10, the wall materials are dissolved in water to form a wall material solution, an emulsifier is added to the wall material solution while stirring, and the core material algae oil is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixed liquid, wherein the ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:1-9; the mixed liquid is emulsified to form an emulsion, wherein the solid content of the emulsion is 10-30%; and the emulsion is dried to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0021] From the above description, it can be seen that by using bird's nest stew as wall material, the film-forming property of the glycoprotein of the bird's nest can be used to wrap the core material. At the same time, the bird's nest is rich in sialic acid derivatives, and the algae oil is rich in DHA. The envelope formed by the glycoprotein, i.e., the physical barrier, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of sialic acid, i.e., the chemical antioxidant, can protect DHA from oxidation and degradation, while also reducing the water content, so that it can be better absorbed and utilized by the human body. Moreover, the algae oil DHA has a fishy smell, and the bird's nest itself has a special aroma. After the two are combined, the aroma of the bird's nest can cover up the fishy smell of the algae oil, and there is no need to deodorize the algae oil, which makes the product have higher nutritional value, longer shelf life and more acceptable taste to consumers.

[0022] Furthermore, the homogenizing assembly includes a controller, a homogenizer 1, a sealed liquid tank 2, a motor 3, a conveyor 4, a cooling device 5 and a gas cylinder 6. The homogenizer 1 includes a stator 11, a rotor 12 and an outer shell 13. The side of the stator 11 facing the rotor 12 is a first working surface 111, and the side of the rotor 12 facing the stator 11 is a second working surface 121; an opening 112 is provided at the center of the stator 11; the second working surface 121 is provided with a crushing cone 122; the stator 11 and the rotor 12 are arranged in a face-to-face manner in the outer shell 13, and the outer shell 13 includes a first inlet 131 and a first outlet 132. The motor 3 drives the rotor 12 to rotate; the first inlet 131 is located at the center of the outer shell 13 away from the motor 3 and is aligned with the opening 112; The sealing liquid tank 2 includes a second inlet 21, a second outlet 22, and a delivery valve 23; The cooling device 5 includes a third inlet 51 and a third outlet 52; The conveyor 4 includes a first valve 41, a second valve 42, a cooling jacket 43, and a launch tube 44. The launch tube 44 includes an inflation section 441, a cooling section 442, and a launch section 443. The inflation section 441 is connected to the cooling section 442 via the first valve 41, and the cooling section 442 is connected to the launch section 443 via the second valve 42. The cooling jacket 43 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the cooling section 442. The third inlet 51 and the third outlet 52 are connected to the cooling jacket 43. The launch section 443 is connected to the first inlet 131. The first outlet 132 is connected to the second inlet 21; the second outlet 22 is connected to the cooling section 442 through the delivery valve 23; The gas cylinder 6 contains compressed nitrogen and is provided with a first gas valve 61 , through which the gas cylinder 6 is connected to the inflation section 441 ; The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer 1, the sealing liquid tank 2, the motor 3, the conveyor 4, the cooling device 5 and the gas cylinder 6; Adding the bird's nest stew into the homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest further comprises: Add the bird's nest stew into the sealed liquid tank 2, open the delivery valve 23 and close the first valve 41 and the second valve 42 at the same time, fill the space in the cooling section 442 with the bird's nest stew and then close the delivery valve 23, start the cooling device 5 to cool the cooling jacket 43 so that the bird's nest stew in the cooling section 442 forms a frozen block, and after the freezing is completed, open the first air valve 61 to inflate the inflation section 441, after the inflation is completed, close the first air valve 61 and open the second valve 42, then open the first valve 41 and the motor 3, so that the frozen block passes through the opening 112 under the action of the airflow and hits the crushing cone 122, and then undergoes homogenization treatment and returns to the sealed liquid tank 2 for the next freezing, crushing and homogenization until a homogeneous bird's nest is obtained.

[0023] From the above description, it can be seen that through the setting of the homogenizing component, the entire cycle can be achieved through nitrogen. Under the protection of nitrogen, it is not easy to deteriorate, and frozen blocks are formed by freezing. The frozen blocks are then broken by nitrogen accelerated impact. The frozen blocks can protect the protein while making the elasticity of the micelles that are easy to condense worse or even lose their elasticity under the action of freezing, thereby improving the breaking effect and ensuring the subsequent homogenization effect. Nitrogen acceleration can also prevent deterioration; freezing destroys elasticity and viscosity while also preventing overheating and deterioration.

[0024] Furthermore, the first inlet 131 is located at the center of the outer shell 13 away from the motor 3; The side of the stator 11 facing the rotor 12 is a first working surface 111, and the side of the rotor 12 facing the stator 11 is a second working surface 121. An opening 112 is provided at the center of the stator 11. A second annular structure 113 and a fourth annular structure 114 are provided on the first working surface 111. The second working surface 121 is further provided with a first annular structure 123, a third annular structure 124 and a fifth annular structure 125; the crushing cone 122, the opening 112, the first annular structure 123, the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125 are concentrically arranged, and the first annular structure 123, the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125 are arranged from From inside to outside; there is a gap 126 between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure 123, the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125, that is, there are four gaps 126 from outside to inside; the width of the outermost gap 126, that is, the gap 126 between the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125 is less than or equal to 0.177mm; the gaps 126 gradually increase from outside to inside; The first annular structure 123 includes a plurality of triangular cylinders distributed in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular bodies facing the crushing cone 122; the second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125 all include a plurality of rectangular cylinders distributed in a circular array.

[0025] From the above description, it can be seen that the first annular structure 123 includes a plurality of triangular cylinders distributed in a circular array, and the tip of the triangular body is facing the crushing cone 122. After the crushing cone 122 is crushed for the first time, the second cutting is achieved through the first annular structure 123, so that the elastic structure that has not been crushed or has been crushed can be cut, thereby reducing the difficulty of the subsequent second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125. The difficulty of the homogenization of the coordination between the subsequent second annular structure 113, the third annular structure 124, the fourth annular structure 114 and the fifth annular structure 125 is reduced, the heat generated by friction is reduced, and the homogenization effect is ensured.

[0026] Furthermore, the sealing liquid tank 2 further includes an air pump 24 and a second air valve 25, and the second air valve 25 is connected to the gas cylinder 6; After the bird's nest stew is added into the sealed liquid box 2, the gas in the sealed liquid box 2 is exhausted by the air pump 24. After exhaustion, the air pump 24 is closed and the second air valve 25 is opened to fill in nitrogen.

[0027] From the above description, it can be seen that by pumping out air and then filling in nitrogen, it can be ensured that the gas in the entire cycle is mainly nitrogen, thereby achieving protection.

[0028] Furthermore, a recovery air pump 26 is provided on the sealed liquid tank 2, and the recovery air pump 26 is connected to the sealed liquid tank 2 and the gas cylinder 6 respectively; an air pressure sensor is also provided in the sealed liquid tank 2. When the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the sealed liquid tank 2 is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump 26 is started to reduce the air pressure.

[0029] As can be seen from the above description, the recovery air pump 26 can be used to recover and reuse nitrogen, while balancing the internal pressure of the entire assembly to avoid excessive internal pressure that may cause the frozen block to fail due to impact.

[0030] Furthermore, a filter 27 is provided between the recovery air pump 26 and the sealing liquid tank 2 .

[0031] It can be seen from the above description that the provision of the filter 27 can prevent impurities from entering the gas cylinder 6 and causing pollution.

[0032] Furthermore, soaking the dried bird's nest in distilled water and stewing the mixture further comprises: Soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stew it for 20 minutes.

[0033] Furthermore, the emulsifier is sucrose ester and monoglyceride.

[0034] Furthermore, the process of drying the emulsion to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules further comprises: The emulsion was poured into a glass culture dish, placed in a -20°C refrigerator for pre-freezing for 12 hours, and finally placed in a vacuum freeze dryer. The freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0035] A food or health product, comprising microcapsules obtained by the above-mentioned method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0036] The experimental materials used in all the following examples are from: Dried bird's nest (provided by Xiamen Yanzhiwu Sinong Food Co., Ltd.); Algal oil (Xi'an Hengji Chemical Co., Ltd.); Maltodextrin (Shandong Xiwang Sugar Co., Ltd., food grade); Monoglyceride (Jialis Additives (Hai'an) Co., Ltd., food grade); Sucrose ester (Hangzhou Ruilin Chemical Co., Ltd., food grade).

[0037] 1. Single-factor experiment The parameters are set as follows: 1. Wall material ratio: 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10; (other conditions are exactly the same, solid content is set to 25%, core-to-wall ratio is 1:5) refer to the results Figure 1 ; 2. Solid content: 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%; (other conditions are the same, wall material ratio is 1:8, core wall ratio is 1:5) refer to the results Figure 2 ; 3. Core-to-wall ratio: 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9. (Other conditions are exactly the same, the wall material ratio is 1:8, and the solid content is set to 25%). Figure 3 .

[0038] 2. Response Surface Experiment A response surface experiment was conducted according to the experimental scheme designed by the Box-Behnken model, and the experimental scheme was as follows: Example 1 to Example 17.

[0039] Example 1 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, comprising: Preparation of bird's nest stew: 9 g of dried bird's nest is immersed in 180 g of distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stewed for 20 minutes; after stewing, the stew is autoclaved to obtain the bird's nest stew, and the bird's nest stew is added to a homogenizer for homogenization to obtain a homogenized bird's nest; Microcapsule preparation: Homogenized bird's nest (based on the weight of dry bird's nest) and maltodextrin are combined in a ratio of 1:6 to form the wall material. The wall material is dissolved in water to form a wall material solution. Emulsifiers (0.35714g of monoglyceride and 0.62486g of sucrose ester) are added to the wall material solution while stirring. Algae oil, the core material, is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixture. The core material: wall material ratio is 1:7. The mixture is emulsified to form an emulsion with a solids content of 25%. The emulsion is poured into a glass Petri dish and pre-frozen in a -20°C refrigerator for 12 hours. Finally, the emulsion is placed in a vacuum freeze dryer. The freeze-dried oil powder is sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

[0040] Among them, reference Figures 10 to 14 The homogenizing assembly includes a controller, a homogenizer, a sealed liquid tank, a motor, a conveyor, a cooling device and a gas cylinder. The homogenizer includes a stator, a rotor and an outer shell. The side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface. An opening is provided at the center of the stator. A crushing cone is provided on the second working surface. The stator and the rotor are arranged in a face-to-face manner in the outer shell. The outer shell includes a first inlet and a first outlet. The motor drives the rotor to rotate. The first inlet is located at the center of the outer shell away from the motor and is aligned with the opening. The sealing liquid tank includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a delivery valve; The cooling device includes a third inlet and a third outlet; The conveyor includes a first valve, a second valve, a cooling jacket, and a launch tube. The launch tube includes an inflation section, a cooling section, and a launch section. The inflation section and the cooling section are connected via the first valve, and the cooling section and the launch section are connected via the second valve. The cooling jacket is mounted on the outer circumference of the cooling section. The third inlet and the third outlet are connected to the cooling jacket. The launch section is connected to the first inlet. The first outlet is connected to the second inlet; the second outlet is connected to the cooling section through a delivery valve; The gas cylinder contains compressed nitrogen, and is provided with a first gas valve, through which the gas cylinder is connected to the inflation section; The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer, the sealing liquid tank, the motor, the conveyor, the cooling device and the gas cylinder; Adding the bird's nest stew into the homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain homogenized bird's nest further comprises: Add the bird's nest stew into the sealed liquid tank, open the delivery valve and close the first valve and the second valve at the same time, fill the space in the cooling section with the bird's nest stew and then close the delivery valve, start the cooling device to cool the cooling jacket so that the bird's nest stew in the cooling section forms a frozen block, after the freezing is completed, open the first air valve to inflate the inflation section, after the inflation is completed, close the first air valve and open the second valve, then open the first valve and the motor, so that the frozen block passes through the opening under the action of the airflow and hits the crushing cone, and then undergoes homogenization treatment and returns to the sealed liquid tank for the next freezing, crushing and homogenization until a homogeneous bird's nest is obtained.

[0041] The first inlet is located at the center of the outer shell on a side away from the motor; The side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface; an opening is provided at the center of the stator; a second annular structure and a fourth annular structure are provided on the first working surface; The second working surface is further provided with a first annular structure, a third annular structure and a fifth annular structure; the crushing cone, the opening, the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure are concentrically arranged, and the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure are arranged from the inside to the outside; there is a gap between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure, that is, there are four gaps from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap, that is, the gap between the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps gradually increase from the outside to the inside; The first annular structure includes a plurality of triangular cylinders distributed in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular cylinders facing the crushing cone; the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure each include a plurality of rectangular cylinders distributed in a circular array.

[0042] The sealing liquid tank further comprises an air pump and a second air valve, wherein the second air valve is connected to the gas cylinder; After the bird's nest stew is added into the sealed liquid box, the gas in the sealed liquid box is exhausted by the air pump. After exhaustion, the air pump is closed and the second air valve is opened to fill in nitrogen.

[0043] The sealed liquid tank is provided with a recovery air pump, which is connected to the sealed liquid tank and the gas cylinder respectively; the sealed liquid tank is also provided with an air pressure sensor. When the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the sealed liquid tank is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump is started to reduce the air pressure.

[0044] A filter is also provided between the recovery air pump and the sealing liquid tank.

[0045] Example 2 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:7; The solids content of the emulsion is 20%.

[0046] Example 3 (parameters are the same as those in Example 17, i.e., parallel data are placed under the same conditions) A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%.

[0047] Example 4 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:6 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 30%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0048] Example 5 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 30%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0049] Example 6 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0050] Example 7 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 30%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:7.

[0051] Example 8 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:10 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 30%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0052] Example 9 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:10 to form the wall material; The solid content of the emulsion is 20%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0053] Example 10 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:6 to form the wall material; The solid content of the emulsion is 20%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0054] Example 11 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:10 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:7.

[0055] Example 12 (parallel data with the same parameters as Example 13) A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0056] Example 13 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0057] Example 14 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:10 to form the wall material; The solid content of the emulsion is 20%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0058] Example 15 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:6 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0059] Example 16 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:10 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:3.

[0060] Embodiment 17 A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, which is the same as that of Example 1 and will not be repeated here, wherein: Homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are used in a ratio of 1:8 to form the wall material; The solids content of the emulsion is 25%; The ratio of core material to wall material is 1:5.

[0061] 1. Regression equation analysis The experimental scheme designed according to the Box-Behnken model (Example 1 to Example 17) and the results are as follows Figure 15 shown.

[0062] Response surface ternary quadratic regression equation model: Embedding rate (%) = 98.08 + 0.89A + 0.5725B + 0.41C + 0.9025AB + 0.4675AC + 0.1175BC - 2.11 -2.17 -2.77

[0063] The regression model was statistically analyzed, and the results of the regression equation coefficient significance test were as follows: Figure 16 shown; wherein: P-value Definition: In hypothesis testing, the P value is the probability of the current sample result or a more extreme result occurring when the null hypothesis is true. In response surface experiments, it is used to measure whether a factor or interaction between factors has a significant effect on the response variable.

[0064] Judgment criteria P value ≤ 0.05: It is generally considered that the effect of the factor or interaction on the response variable is significant. The null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted, indicating that the factor or interaction term has a significant effect on the response variable.

[0065] If the P value is greater than 0.05, it is considered that the factor or interaction has no significant effect on the response variable, and the null hypothesis is accepted, that is, it is considered that the factor or interaction term has no significant effect on the response variable.

[0066] F-value Definition: The F value is a statistic used to test the explanatory power of the model as a whole or each factor on the response variable. It is the ratio of the regression sum of squares to the residual sum of squares, reflecting the degree to which the explanatory variables in the model explain the dependent variable and the relative size of the random error.

[0067] Judgment criteria The larger the F value, the stronger the explanatory power of the model or a factor for the response variable, and the more significant the linear relationship between the factor and the response variable.

[0068] The smaller the F value, the weaker the explanatory power of the model or a certain factor on the response variable, and the linear relationship between the factor and the response variable is not significant.

[0069] Model P<0.01, the significance level of the model is extremely significant.

[0070] The lack-of-fit term P=0.4804>0.05, with no significant difference, indicating that the model has good fitting, small experimental error, relatively good stability, and can play a predictive role in experimental results.

[0071] The coefficient of determination of this model =0.9717>0.8, indicating that the model can better predict and analyze the actual situation, and adjust the determination coefficient =0.9353, indicating that the relationship between the three factors and the response value can be well reflected by the model.

[0072] In summary, the embedding efficiency is affected by three factors in the following order: A>B>C, that is, wall material ratio>solid content>core-wall ratio.

[0073] 2. Response surface analysis, please refer to Figures 4 to 9 .

[0074] 3. Response surface validation experiment Software analysis showed that the optimal encapsulation conditions for bird's nest stew-algae oil microcapsules were: wall material ratio of 1:8.52, core-wall ratio of 1:5.19, solid content of 25.94%, and predicted microcapsule encapsulation rate of 98.26%.

[0075] After adjustment, the process conditions for the verification experiment are as follows: wall material ratio is 1:8, core-wall ratio is 1:5, and solid content is 26%.

[0076] Embodiment 18 A food or health product, comprising microcapsules obtained using the method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules described in any one of Examples 1 to 17.

[0077] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules, characterized in that: include: Preparation of bird's nest stew: soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water, then stew; After stewing, high-pressure sterilization is performed to obtain a bird's nest stew, and the bird's nest stew is added to a homogenizing component for homogenization to obtain a homogenized bird's nest; The homogenizing assembly includes a homogenizer, a motor, a conveyor, a cooling device and a gas cylinder; the homogenizer includes a stator, a rotor and an outer shell, the side of the stator facing the rotor is a first working surface, and the side of the rotor facing the stator is a second working surface; an opening is provided at the center of the stator; the second working surface is provided with a crushing cone; the stator and the rotor are arranged in the outer shell in a face-to-face matching manner, the outer shell includes a first inlet and a first outlet, and the motor drives the rotor to rotate; the first inlet is located at the center of the outer shell away from the motor and is aligned with the opening; the conveyor is connected to the first inlet and the gas cylinder respectively; the gas cylinder contains compressed nitrogen; the bird's nest stew is added to the conveyor, the cooling device is started to form a frozen block of the bird's nest stew in the conveyor, and the gas cylinder is turned on so that the frozen block passes through the opening and hits the crushing cone under the action of the airflow, and then undergoes homogenization treatment and is repeated multiple times until a homogenized bird's nest is obtained; Preparation of microcapsules: homogenized bird's nest and maltodextrin are formed into wall materials in a ratio of 1:2-10, the wall materials are dissolved in water to form a wall material solution, an emulsifier is added to the wall material solution while stirring, and the core material algae oil is added dropwise to the dissolved wall material solution to form a mixed liquid, wherein the ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1:1-9; the mixed liquid is emulsified to form an emulsion, wherein the solid content of the emulsion is 10-30%; and the emulsion is dried to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

2. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 1, wherein The homogenizing component also includes a controller and a sealing liquid tank; The sealing liquid tank includes a second inlet, a second outlet, and a delivery valve; The cooling device includes a third inlet and a third outlet; The conveyor is connected to the first inlet and the gas cylinder respectively and further comprises: The conveyor includes a first valve, a second valve, a cooling jacket, and a launch tube. The launch tube includes an inflation section, a cooling section, and a launch section. The inflation section and the cooling section are connected via the first valve, and the cooling section and the launch section are connected via the second valve. The cooling jacket is mounted on the outer circumference of the cooling section. The third inlet and the third outlet are connected to the cooling jacket. The launch section is connected to the first inlet. The first outlet is connected to the second inlet; the second outlet is connected to the cooling section through a delivery valve; The gas cylinder is provided with a first gas valve, and the gas cylinder is connected to the inflation section through the first gas valve; The controller controls the operation of the homogenizer, the sealing liquid tank, the motor, the conveyor, the cooling device and the gas cylinder; The bird's nest stew is added into a conveyor, a cooling device is started to form a frozen block of the bird's nest stew in the conveyor, a gas cylinder is opened so that the frozen block hits a crushing cone through an opening under the action of airflow, and then homogenized and repeated multiple times until a homogenous bird's nest is obtained. The process further comprises: Add the bird's nest stew into the sealed liquid tank, open the delivery valve and close the first valve and the second valve at the same time, fill the space in the cooling section with the bird's nest stew and then close the delivery valve, start the cooling device to cool the cooling jacket so that the bird's nest stew in the cooling section forms a frozen block, after the freezing is completed, open the first air valve to inflate the inflation section, after the inflation is completed, close the first air valve and open the second valve, then open the first valve and the motor, so that the frozen block passes through the opening under the action of the airflow and hits the crushing cone, and then undergoes homogenization treatment and returns to the sealed liquid tank for the next freezing, crushing and homogenization until a homogeneous bird's nest is obtained.

3. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 2, wherein The first inlet is located at the center of the outer shell on a side away from the motor; A second annular structure and a fourth annular structure are provided on the first working surface; The second working surface is further provided with a first annular structure, a third annular structure and a fifth annular structure; the crushing cone, the opening, the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure are concentrically arranged, and the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure are arranged from the inside to the outside; there is a gap between each adjacent structure of the first annular structure, the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure, that is, there are four gaps from the outside to the inside; the width of the outermost gap, that is, the gap between the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure is less than or equal to 0.177 mm; the gaps gradually increase from the outside to the inside; The first annular structure includes a plurality of triangular cylinders distributed in a circular array, with the tips of the triangular cylinders facing the crushing cone; the second annular structure, the third annular structure, the fourth annular structure and the fifth annular structure each include a plurality of rectangular cylinders distributed in a circular array.

4. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 2, wherein The sealing liquid tank further comprises an air pump and a second air valve, wherein the second air valve is connected to the gas cylinder; After the bird's nest stew is added into the sealed liquid box, the gas in the sealed liquid box is exhausted by the air pump. After exhaustion, the air pump is closed and the second air valve is opened to fill in nitrogen.

5. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 2, wherein The sealed liquid tank is provided with a recovery air pump, which is connected to the sealed liquid tank and the gas cylinder respectively; the sealed liquid tank is also provided with an air pressure sensor. When the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure in the sealed liquid tank is greater than a preset value, the recovery air pump is started to reduce the air pressure.

6. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 5, wherein A filter is also provided between the recovery air pump and the sealing liquid tank.

7. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 1, wherein Soaking the dried bird's nest in distilled water, and then stewing it further includes: Soak the dried bird's nest in distilled water at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:20 for 5 hours, and then stew it for 20 minutes.

8. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 1, wherein The emulsifiers are sucrose esters and monoglycerides.

9. The method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to claim 1, wherein The step of drying the emulsion to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules further comprises: The emulsion was poured into a glass culture dish, placed in a -20°C refrigerator for pre-freezing for 12 hours, and finally placed in a vacuum freeze dryer. The freeze-dried powdered oil was sieved through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain bird's nest algae oil microcapsules.

10. A food or health product, characterized in that: The food or health product uses the microcapsules obtained by the method for preparing bird's nest algae oil microcapsules according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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