Gastrodin extraction method and device
Through low-temperature plasma pretreatment and multi-frequency ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction combined with enzymatic lysis technology, the problem of time and low efficiency of Gastroenterin extraction is solved, and efficient and low-solvent Gastroenterin extraction is achieved. The device design ensures crushing uniformity and screen smoothness.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510626850.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
The existing Gastroentin extraction method takes a long time, uses a large amount of organic solvents, has high impurity content, low extraction rate, and is unevenly crushed and can easily block the screen, affecting the extraction efficiency.
Low-temperature plasma pretreatment combined with multi-frequency ultrasonic-microwave assisted extraction method and enzymatic decomposition technology, crushing components and screening components are designed, including rotating shafts, crushing knives, screening mesh and hammer vibration components, to achieve uniform crushing and prevent screening mesh from clogging.
The extraction time is shortened, the extraction efficiency and purity of Gastrodia enamellin is improved, the use of organic solvents is reduced, and the crushing uniformity and screening efficiency are ensured.
Smart Images
Figure CN120479560A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction, in particular to a method and device for extracting gastrodin. Background Art
[0002] Gastrodia elata (Gastrodia elata) is a plant of the Orchidaceae family. Its dried tubers have been used medicinally in my country for over 2,000 years. Historical medical texts and literature describe its chemical components as including gastrodin, β-sitosterol and its D-glucoside, citric acid and its symmetrical monomethyl ester, palmitic acid, and sucrose, with gastrodin being its primary active ingredient. Gastrodin, with its small molecular weight and high polarity, exhibits potent sedative and hypnotic properties. Recent advances in artificial cultivation techniques have provided ample resources for its extraction.
[0003] Traditional extraction processes for gastrodin include ultrasonic extraction and hot alcohol extraction. Existing extraction methods are time-consuming, require large amounts of organic solvents, contain high levels of impurities, and have low gastrodin yields, failing to maximize the extraction of gastrodin from Gastrodia elata.
[0004] In the process of extracting Gastrodia elata, in order to improve the extraction rate, it is necessary to crush the Gastrodia elata slices into powder and then extract gastrodin. The existing Gastrodia elata crushing and grinding device crushes and grinds the Gastrodia elata unevenly, resulting in different sizes of Gastrodia elata powder particles after crushing and poor screening efficiency, which affects the extraction process of gastrodin and has low extraction efficiency. In addition, the grinding screen is easily blocked by Gastrodia elata powder during the screening process. When the screen is blocked, the particles cannot be evenly screened. Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a gastrodin extraction process and device that is time-saving and has an improved extraction rate. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for extracting gastrodin. The extraction process integrates low-temperature plasma pretreatment, enzymatic decomposition coupled with multi-frequency ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction, thereby improving the cell wall breaking rate, shortening the extraction time, and improving the gastrodin extraction efficiency. The designed device can evenly crush the gastrodia without clogging the screen, thereby providing raw material guarantee for gastrodin extraction.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a gastrodin extraction device, which includes a gastrodia elata crushing component and a screening component. The crushing component includes a crushing box, a rotating shaft is provided inside the crushing box, and an upper and lower crushing knife group is provided on the rotating shaft. A rotating disk is provided at the bottom of the crushing box, and the top of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The bottom of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing box through a bearing. A plurality of combing teeth are provided on the upper surface of the rotating disk, and the height of the combing teeth decreases linearly along the diameter of the rotating disk. The screening component includes a screening box, and the screening box includes a screen. Hammer vibration components are provided on both sides of the screen. The hammer vibration component includes a cam, a vibrating hammer, a rotating wheel, and a spring. The vibrating hammer includes a hammer head and a hammer handle, and a rotating wheel is provided on one side of the hammer handle.
[0007] Preferably, each layer of the crushing knife group has three crushing knives evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the crushing knives of the two layers of the crushing knife group are staggered up and down. The top of the rotating shaft passes through the top of the crushing box and extends to the outside of the crushing box. The end of the rotating shaft extending to the outside of the crushing box is provided with motor 1, and the output end of motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft.
[0008] Preferably, the center bottom of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing box through a bearing, the bearing passes through the bottom of the crushing box and extends to the outside of the bottom of the crushing box, and a motor 2 is provided at one end of the bearing extending to the outside of the bottom of the crushing box, and the output end of the motor 2 is connected to the bearing.
[0009] Preferably, platforms are provided on both sides of the screen, the screen is connected to the inner wall of the screening box through the platforms, the hammer head contacts the platform, one end of the hammer handle passes through the side wall of the screening box and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the screening box, the side wall of the screening box is provided with a through hole for the hammer handle to pass through, one end of the spring is connected to the end of the hammer handle, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the screening box, the cam is engaged with the rotating shaft, and a motor three for controlling the rotation of the cam is provided on one side of the cam, and the output end of the motor three is connected to the cam.
[0010] Preferably, a crossbeam is provided on the inner wall of the screening box, a scraper is provided under the crossbeam, the bottom of the scraper contacts the bottom of the screen, and the length of the scraper corresponds to the width of the screen, and a motor four for controlling the rotation of the crossbeam is provided at the outer wall of the screening box corresponding to the crossbeam, and the output end of the motor four is connected to one end of the crossbeam.
[0011] The present invention also provides a method for extracting gastrodin, comprising the following steps:
[0012] Step 1: Select fresh Gastrodia elata, wash it, cut it into slices with a thickness of 2±0.2 mm, dry it in a hot air circulation system at 45-65° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and sieve it until the Gastrodia elata powder has a particle size of less than 100 mesh;
[0013] Step 2: Spread the Gastrodia elata powder in a plasma reaction chamber, evacuate to a pressure of ≤50 Pa, introduce a mixed gas, and start a high-frequency electric field to generate a low-temperature plasma containing active oxygen to oxidize the lignin component. After the treatment is completed, remove the raw material;
[0014] Step 3: adding a coenzyme agent, a protective agent, a complex enzyme and water to the Gastrodia elata powder obtained in step 2, controlling the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions and performing enzymatic hydrolysis for 90-120 minutes to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate;
[0015] Step 4: placing the enzymatic hydrolysate in a multi-frequency ultrasonic system, using a combination of low, medium, and high frequencies to break down the cell walls step by step through synergistic action; simultaneously starting a microwave-assisted system, dynamically switching between ultrasonic and microwave effects, alternating every 30 seconds for 15-20 minutes to obtain a crude extract;
[0016] Step 5: The crude extract passes through a macroporous resin column to adsorb macromolecular impurities, and is eluted with ethanol of different concentrations in three stages. The ethanol eluate with the highest concentration is collected, and the eluate is purified and treated, and freeze-dried to obtain high-purity gastrodin.
[0017] Preferably, in step 2, the mixed gas is argon and oxygen, and the volume ratio of argon to oxygen is 9:1.
[0018] Preferably, in step three, the coenzyme agents are polyethylene glycol and β-mercaptoethanol, the protective agent is trehalose, and the complex enzyme is pectinase and cellulase.
[0019] Preferably, in step 4, the low frequency, medium frequency and high frequency are respectively: low frequency 20-40kHz, medium frequency 60-80kHz, and high frequency 100-120kHz.
[0020] Preferably, in step five, the concentration of ethanol is 10% in the first stage, 30% in the second stage, and 60% in the third stage.
[0021] The advantages and beneficial effects of the above-mentioned gastrodin extraction method and device of the present invention are:
[0022] 1. The extraction method of the present invention combines low-temperature plasma pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis coupled with multi-frequency ultrasound-microwave-assisted extraction and macroporous resin gradient elution to improve the cell wall disruption rate, reduce the amount of organic solvent used, shorten the extraction time, and achieve efficient separation and purification of gastrodin.
[0023] 2. The low-temperature plasma etching of the present invention destroys the dense structure of the cell wall through physical oxidation, increases the porosity, and provides a larger contact area for the complex enzyme. The complex enzymatic hydrolysis further degrades cellulose and pectin, releasing the precursor of gastrodin, laying the foundation for subsequent extraction.
[0024] 3. The present invention places the enzymatic hydrolyzate in a multi-frequency ultrasonic system, uses low-frequency cavitation effect to break down the residual cell wall, high-frequency to promote solute diffusion, microwaves to quickly heat the polar solvent, and accelerate the dissolution of the target ingredient gastrodin through dipole rotation.
[0025] 4. The device involved in the present invention can grind the gastrodia elata evenly without clogging the screen, thus providing raw material guarantee for gastrodin extraction.
[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gastrodin extraction device of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A in the middle is an enlarged schematic diagram;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a top view of a rotating shaft in a gastrodin extraction device of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a crushing blade assembly in a gastrodin extraction device of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a rotating disk in a gastrodin extraction device of the present invention.
[0032] Reference numerals
[0033] 1. Motor 1; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Crushing blade assembly; 4. Combing teeth; 5. Rotating disk; 6. Motor 2; 7. Crossbeam; 8. Screen; 9. Scraper; 10. Screening box; 11. Crushing box; 12. Spring; 13. Hammer; 14. Hammer handle; 15. Cam; 16. Motor 3; 17. Rotating wheel; 18. Platform; 19. Crushing blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0034] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0035] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a gastrodin extraction device includes a gastrodia elata crushing component and a screening component. The crushing component includes a crushing box 11. A rotating shaft 2 is provided inside the crushing box 11. The rotating shaft 2 is provided with two layers of crushing blades 19 groups 3, each layer of crushing blades 19 group 3 has three crushing blades 19 evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 2. The crushing blades 19 of the two layers of crushing blades 19 groups 3 are staggered up and down (as shown in FIG. Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the top of the rotating shaft 2 passes through the top of the crushing box 11 and extends outside the crushing box 11. A motor 1 is mounted on the end of the rotating shaft 2 extending outside the crushing box 11. The output end of the motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft 2. The rotation of the motor 1 drives the rotating shaft 2, which in turn drives the crushing blades 19, which grind the Gastrodia elata into powder. The two layers of crushing blades 19 ensure more uniform crushing, allowing Gastrodia elata in both the upper and lower parts of the crushing box 11 to come into contact with the crushing blades 19.
[0038] A rotating disk 5 is provided at the bottom of the crushing box 11. The top of the rotating disk 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft 2. The bottom of the rotating disk 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing box 11 through a bearing. The center bottom of the rotating disk 5 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing box 11 through a bearing. The bearing passes through the bottom of the crushing box 11 and extends to the outside of the bottom of the crushing box 11. The end of the bearing extending to the outside of the bottom of the crushing box 11 is provided with a motor 2 6, and the output end of the motor 2 6 is connected to the bearing.
[0039] The rotation of the motor 2 6 drives the bearing to rotate, thereby driving the rotating disk 5 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating disk 5 does not affect the rotation of the rotating shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2 rotates, and the rotating connection between the rotating disk 5 and the rotating shaft 2 belongs to the prior art.
[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of combing teeth 4 are provided on the upper surface of the rotating disk 5, and the height of the combing teeth 4 decreases linearly along the diameter of the rotating disk 5. The upper surfaces of the plurality of combing teeth 4 form an inclined plane, and there are gaps between each combing tooth 4. The rotation of the rotating disk 5 drives the combing teeth 4 to rotate, and the rotation of the combing teeth 4 drives the Gastrodia elata raw material at the bottom of the crushing box 11 to rotate, and the rotation direction of the rotating disk 5 is set opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 2. The surface of the rotating disk 5 is set in a wedge shape. Under the action of rotation, the movement amplitude of the Gastrodia elata at the bottom of the crushing box 11 increases, and the Gastrodia elata raw material at the bottom gradually moves upward, making the crushing process more uniform and the particle size of the Gastrodia elata crushed more uniform.
[0041] The screening assembly includes a screening box 10, which includes a screen 8. Both sides of the screen 8 are provided with hammer vibration assemblies. Figure 2 As shown, the hammer vibration assembly includes a cam 15, a vibration hammer, a rotating wheel 17, and a spring 12. The vibration hammer includes a hammer head 13 and a hammer handle 14. A rotating wheel 17 is provided on one side of the hammer handle 14.
[0042] Platforms 18 are provided on both sides of the screen 8, connecting the screen 8 to the inner wall of the screening box 10 via the platforms 18. The hammer head 13 contacts the platforms 18, and one end of the hammer handle 14 penetrates the side wall of the screening box 10 and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the screening box 10. The side wall of the screening box 10 is provided with a perforation for the hammer handle 14 to pass through, and the perforation is sealed without affecting the movement of the hammer handle 14. A spring 12 is connected at one end to the distal end of the hammer handle 14 and at the other end to the side wall of the screening box 10. A cam 15 engages with the rotating shaft. A motor 3 16 is provided on one side of the cam 15 to control the rotation of the cam 15. The output end of the motor 3 16 is connected to the cam 15. The rotation of the motor 3 16 drives the rotating wheel, which engages the cam 15 with the rotating wheel 17. Due to the special structure of the cam 15 (the wheel and the wheel protrusion), the vibrating hammer intermittently strikes the platform 18, causing the screen 8 to vibrate, causing the Gastrodia elata powder in the sieve holes to fall, preventing the Gastrodia elata powder from clogging the sieve holes and affecting screening efficiency.
[0043] A crossbeam 7 is provided on the inner wall of the screening box 10, and a scraper 9 is provided below the crossbeam 7. The bottom of the scraper 9 contacts the bottom of the screen 8, and the length of the scraper 9 corresponds to the width of the screen 8. A motor 4 (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer wall of the screening box 10 corresponding to the crossbeam 7 to control the rotation of the crossbeam 7. The output end of the motor 4 is connected to one end of the crossbeam 7. The rotation of the motor 4 drives the crossbeam 7 to rotate, and the rotation of the crossbeam 7 drives the scraper 9 to rotate. The scraper 9 scrapes the gastrodia powder gathered at the bottom of the screen 8, accelerating the screen 8 to screen the gastrodia powder.
[0044] Example 2
[0045] A method for extracting gastrodin comprises the following steps:
[0046] Step 1: Select fresh Gastrodia elata, wash it, cut it into slices with a thickness of 2±0.2 mm, dry it with hot air circulation at 55° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and sieve it until the Gastrodia elata powder has a particle size of less than 100 mesh.
[0047] In the second step, the Gastrodia elata powder is spread evenly in the plasma reaction chamber, and the chamber is evacuated to a pressure of ≤50Pa. A mixed gas is introduced and a high-frequency electric field is started to generate a low-temperature plasma containing active oxygen, which oxidizes the lignin components and forms nano-scale pores. After the treatment, the vacuum is released and the raw material is taken out. The mixed gas is argon and oxygen, and the volume ratio of argon to oxygen is 9:1. The pore structure formed by plasma oxidation etching significantly increases the contact area between the enzyme and the substrate, thereby improving the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency. Active oxygen preferentially destroys the hydrophobic layer of lignin, exposing cellulose and pectin, allowing the complex enzyme to target key components. Plasma pretreatment shortens the enzymatic hydrolysis time.
[0048] Step 3: Add a coenzyme, a protective agent, a complex enzyme, and water to the Gastrodia elata powder obtained in step 2. The coenzymes are polyethylene glycol and β-mercaptoethanol, the protective agent is trehalose, and the complex enzymes are pectinase and cellulase. The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions are controlled at a pH of 4.5-5.0 (adjusted with citric acid buffer); a temperature of 50-55°C, a stirring rate of 200-300 rpm, and a reaction time of 90-120 minutes. A protective agent: 0.5% trehalose is added to maintain enzyme thermal stability. The enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out for 90-120 minutes to obtain an enzymatic solution.
[0049] Step 4: Place the enzymatic hydrolyzate in a multi-frequency ultrasonic system, using low frequency (20-40kHz), medium frequency (60-80kHz), and high frequency (100-120kHz) to achieve step-by-step cell wall fragmentation through synergistic action. Power density: 200-300W / L, pulse mode (working 5s / interval 2s) to avoid local overheating. Low-frequency ultrasound (20kHz) produces a cavitation effect, forming microjets to penetrate the cell wall; high-frequency ultrasound (120kHz) promotes solute diffusion. Synchronously start the microwave-assisted system (microwave frequency: 2450MHz, power range 0-1000W adjustable, temperature control accuracy ±1°C), dynamically switch ultrasound and microwave effects, alternate every 30 seconds, and process for 15-20 minutes to obtain a crude extract. The microwave power is set to 400-600W, the temperature is maintained at 55-60°C, and the processing time is 15-20 minutes. Microwaves quickly heat water and accelerate the dissolution of gastrodin through dipole rotation. The micropores generated by ultrasonic cavitation accelerate the penetration of microwave energy, and the microwave thermal effect promotes the reduction of the ultrasonic cavitation threshold and improves the extraction efficiency.
[0050] Step 5: The crude extract passes through a macroporous resin column to adsorb macromolecular impurities, and is eluted with ethanol of different concentrations in three stages (10% ethanol in the first stage, 30% ethanol in the second stage, and 60% ethanol in the third stage). The highest concentration ethanol eluate is collected, the eluate is purified and treated, and freeze-dried to obtain high-purity gastrodin.
[0051] Comparative Example 1
[0052] A method for extracting gastrodin comprises the following steps:
[0053] Step 1: Select fresh Gastrodia elata, wash it, cut it into thin slices with a thickness of 2±0.2 mm, dry it with hot air circulation at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and sieve it until the particle size of the Gastrodia elata powder is less than 100 mesh.
[0054] Step 2: Add complex enzyme and water to the Gastrodia elata powder obtained in step 1, and control the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions to pH 4.5-5.0 (adjusted with citric acid buffer), temperature 50-55°C, stirring speed 200-300 rpm, and reaction time 90-120 minutes. Enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out for 90-120 minutes to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate.
[0055] Step three, place the enzymatic hydrolyzate in a multi-frequency ultrasonic system, using low frequency (20-40kHz), medium frequency (60-80kHz), and high frequency (100-120kHz) to achieve step-by-step cell wall breakage through synergistic action. Power density: 200-300W / L, pulse mode (working 5s / interval 2s) to avoid local overheating. Synchronously start the microwave-assisted system (microwave frequency: 2450MHz, power range 0-1000W adjustable, temperature control accuracy ±1°C), dynamically switch between ultrasonic and microwave effects, alternating every 30 seconds, and process for 15-20 minutes to obtain a crude extract.
[0056] In step 4, the crude extract passes through a macroporous resin column to adsorb macromolecular impurities, and is eluted with ethanol of different concentrations in three stages (10% ethanol in the first stage, 30% ethanol in the second stage, and 60% ethanol in the third stage). The highest concentration ethanol eluate is collected, the eluate is purified and treated, and freeze-dried to obtain high-purity gastrodin.
[0057] Comparative Example 2
[0058] A method for extracting gastrodin comprises the following steps:
[0059] Step 1: Select fresh Gastrodia elata, wash it, cut it into thin slices with a thickness of 2±0.2 mm, dry it with hot air circulation at 40° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and sieve it until the particle size of the Gastrodia elata powder is less than 100 mesh.
[0060] In step two, the Gastrodia elata powder is spread evenly in a plasma reaction chamber, which is evacuated to a pressure of ≤50 Pa. A mixed gas is introduced, and a high-frequency electric field is activated to generate a low-temperature plasma containing reactive oxygen species, oxidizing the lignin components and forming nanoscale pores. After the treatment is complete, the vacuum is released and the raw material is removed. The mixed gas is argon and oxygen, with a volume ratio of 9:1.
[0061] Step 3: Add a coenzyme, a protective agent, a complex enzyme, and water to the Gastrodia elata powder obtained in step 2. The coenzymes are polyethylene glycol and β-mercaptoethanol, the protective agent is trehalose, and the complex enzymes are pectinase and cellulase. The enzymatic hydrolysis conditions are controlled at a pH of 4.5-5.0 (adjusted with citric acid buffer); a temperature of 50-55°C, a stirring rate of 200-300 rpm, and a reaction time of 90-120 minutes. A protective agent: 0.5% trehalose is added to maintain enzyme thermal stability. The enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out for 90-120 minutes to obtain an enzymatic solution.
[0062] Step 4: subjecting the enzymatic hydrolysate to ultrasonic treatment at an ultrasonic frequency of 70 kHz for 15-20 minutes to obtain a crude extract.
[0063] Step 5: The crude extract is passed through an HPD-100 macroporous resin column to adsorb macromolecular impurities, and is eluted with ethanol of different concentrations in three stages (10% ethanol in the first stage, 30% ethanol in the second stage, and 60% ethanol in the third stage). The highest concentration ethanol eluate is collected, the eluate is purified and treated, and freeze-dried to obtain high-purity gastrodin.
[0064] The performance of the gastrodin extracted by the extraction methods of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
[0065] Table 1 Test results
[0066]
[0067] Example 2 uses plasma and complex enzyme to pre-treat the Gastrodia elata cell wall, plasma treatment 5min, complex enzyme treatment 90min, comparative example 1 does not use plasma to carry out pre-treatment, only uses single enzymolysis method, as shown in Table 1 results, the treatment method of comparative example 1 is much lower than that of Example 2 to the destruction rate of cell wall, and the release amount of gastrodin is also lower, illustrating that Example 2 adopts the method of plasma+complex enzyme to treat cell wall, which can improve the destruction rate of cell wall and promote the release amount of gastrodin. Comparative example 1 only carries out single enzymolysis method without adding enzymolysis auxiliary agent, polyethylene glycol and beta-mercaptoethanol reduce solvent interfacial tension, promote enzyme and substrate contact, reduce mass transfer resistance and protect enzyme active center from organic solvent or extreme pH value destruction, extend enzyme half-life, maintain the reduction state of sulfhydryl (-SH) in enzyme molecule, and prevent enzyme oxidative inactivation. Trehalose forms a protective layer by hydrogen bonding to enzyme surface, improving the thermal stability of enzyme. The extraction method of comparative example 2 does not undergo multi-frequency ultrasonic treatment and microwave action, and the gastrodin release amount of comparative example 2 is lower than that of embodiment 2.
[0068] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned gastrodin extraction method and device, and the extraction process integrates low-temperature plasma pretreatment, enzymatic decomposition coupled with multi-frequency ultrasound-microwave assisted extraction, which improves the cell wall breaking rate, shortens the extraction time, and improves the gastrodin extraction efficiency. The designed device can make the gastrodia elata evenly crushed without clogging the screen, providing raw material guarantee for gastrodin extraction.
[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A gastrodin extraction device, characterized in that: The device includes a Gastrodia elata crushing assembly and a screening assembly. The crushing assembly includes a crushing box, a rotating shaft is provided inside the crushing box, and an upper and lower crushing knife group is provided on the rotating shaft. A rotating disk is provided at the bottom of the crushing box, and the top of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the bottom of the rotating shaft. The bottom of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing box through a bearing. A plurality of combing teeth are provided on the upper surface of the rotating disk, and the height of the combing teeth decreases linearly along the diameter of the rotating disk. The screening assembly includes a screening box, and the screening box includes a screen. Hammer vibration assemblies are provided on both sides of the screen. The hammer vibration assembly includes a cam, a vibrating hammer, a rotating wheel, and a spring. The vibrating hammer includes a hammer head and a hammer handle, and a rotating wheel is provided on one side of the hammer handle.
2. A gastrodin extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the crushing knife group has three crushing knives evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft. The crushing knives of the two layers of the crushing knife group are staggered up and down. The top of the rotating shaft passes through the top of the crushing box and extends to the outside of the crushing box. The end of the rotating shaft extending to the outside of the crushing box is provided with motor 1, and the output end of motor 1 is connected to the rotating shaft.
3. A gastrodin extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center bottom of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing box through a bearing. The bearing passes through the bottom of the crushing box and extends to the outside of the bottom of the crushing box. Motor 2 is provided at one end of the bearing extending to the outside of the bottom of the crushing box, and the output end of motor 2 is connected to the bearing.
4. A gastrodin extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Platforms are provided on both sides of the screen, and the screen is connected to the inner wall of the screening box through the platforms. The hammer head is in contact with the platform. One end of the hammer handle passes through the side wall of the screening box and is rotatably connected to the side wall of the screening box. The side wall of the screening box is provided with a through hole for the hammer handle to pass through. One end of the spring is connected to the end of the hammer handle, and the other end is connected to the side wall of the screening box. The cam is engaged with the rotating shaft. Motor three for controlling the rotation of the cam is provided on one side of the cam, and the output end of motor three is connected to the cam.
5. The gastrodin extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crossbeam is provided on the inner wall of the screening box, and a scraper is provided under the crossbeam. The bottom of the scraper contacts the bottom of the screen, and the length of the scraper corresponds to the width of the screen. A motor four for controlling the rotation of the crossbeam is provided at the corresponding position of the outer wall of the screening box and the crossbeam, and the output end of the motor four is connected to one end of the crossbeam.
6. A method for extracting gastrodin, characterized in that: The method is implemented according to the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select fresh Gastrodia elata, wash it, cut it into slices with a thickness of 2±0.2 mm, dry it in a hot air circulation system at 45-65° C. to a moisture content of ≤8%, and grind and sieve it until the Gastrodia elata powder has a particle size of less than 100 mesh; Step 2: Spread the Gastrodia elata powder in a plasma reaction chamber, evacuate to a pressure of ≤50 Pa, introduce a mixed gas, and start a high-frequency electric field to generate a low-temperature plasma containing active oxygen to oxidize the lignin component. After the treatment is completed, remove the raw material; Step 3: adding a coenzyme agent, a protective agent, a complex enzyme and water to the Gastrodia elata powder obtained in step 2, controlling the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions and performing enzymatic hydrolysis for 90-120 minutes to obtain an enzymatic hydrolyzate; Step 4: placing the enzymatic hydrolysate in a multi-frequency ultrasonic system, using a combination of low, medium, and high frequencies to break down the cell walls step by step through synergistic action; simultaneously starting a microwave-assisted system, dynamically switching between ultrasonic and microwave effects, alternating every 30 seconds for 15-20 minutes to obtain a crude extract; Step 5: The crude extract passes through a macroporous resin column to adsorb macromolecular impurities, and is eluted with ethanol of different concentrations in three stages. The ethanol eluate with the highest concentration is collected, and the eluate is purified and treated, and freeze-dried to obtain high-purity gastrodin.
7. A method for extracting gastrodin according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2, the mixed gas is argon and oxygen, and the volume ratio of argon to oxygen is 9:
1.
8. A method for extracting gastrodin according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step three, the coenzyme agents are polyethylene glycol and β-mercaptoethanol, the protective agent is trehalose, and the complex enzymes are pectinase and cellulase.
9. A method for extracting gastrodin according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 4, the low frequency, medium frequency, and high frequency are respectively: low frequency 20-40kHz, medium frequency 60-80kHz, and high frequency 100-120kHz.
10. The method for extracting gastrodin according to claim 6, wherein: In step five, the first stage is 10% ethanol, the second stage is 30% ethanol, and the third stage is 60% ethanol.