Abrasion-resistant cyclone separator capable of discharging ash in real time and cyclone dust collector

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time ash discharge wear-resistant cyclone separator which comprises a cyclone cylinder, a guide blade and an air guide pipe, and a plurality of ash discharge through grooves are formed in the cylinder wall of the cyclone cylinder. The invention further discloses a cyclone separator comprising a plurality of the abrasion-resistant cyclone separators capable of discharging ash in real time. Abrasion of the cyclone barrel can be reduced, and the service life of the cyclone barrel can be prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a cyclone separator and a cyclone dust collector, belonging to the technical field of dust removal equipment. Background Art

[0002] The main structure of the cyclone separator used in the cyclone dust collector can be found in the Chinese patent publication number CN2322687Y. It includes a cyclone barrel, a guide tube, and guide blades. When the dust-laden airflow enters the cyclone barrel, it is guided by the guide blades to generate a rotating airflow. Due to the centrifugal effect, the dust in the airflow rotates along the barrel wall of the cyclone barrel and moves downward before being discharged from the bottom of the cyclone barrel. The purified airflow is then discharged upward from the air guide tube. In dust removal in the metallurgical industry, dust is usually hard particles. Since the dust always maintains a high-speed rotation state on the inner wall of the cyclone barrel and continues to accumulate and increase during the spiral downward movement, the inner wall of the cyclone barrel, especially the lower barrel, suffers severe wear. As the degree of barrel wall wear increases, the airflow field becomes significantly distorted, and turbulence occurs frequently, which directly leads to a continuous decline in dust removal efficiency.

[0003] Even with the use of high-chromium wear-resistant alloy to cast the cyclone barrel, the wear rate of the lower section of the barrel is still as high as 1.5 to 3 mm per thousand hours, and the average service life of the high-chromium alloy cyclone barrel is only 6 to 8 months. More seriously, each barrel replacement requires downtime of more than 12 hours, which not only significantly increases maintenance costs and spare parts expenses, but also greatly disrupts production continuity, seriously affecting the company's production efficiency and economic benefits. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a wear-resistant cyclone separator with real-time dust removal, which solves the problem of easy wear and short service life of the cyclone barrel. The present invention also provides a cyclone dust collector, the purpose of which is to extend its continuous working time.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a wear-resistant cyclone separator with real-time ash removal, comprising a cyclone cylinder, guide blades and an air guide pipe, wherein the cylinder wall of the cyclone cylinder is provided with a plurality of ash removal slots.

[0006] Furthermore, the guide blade is a spiral blade, the ash discharge groove extends in a spiral manner, and the spiral direction of the ash discharge groove is the same as the spiral direction of the guide blade.

[0007] Furthermore, the spiral parameters of the ash discharge groove and the guide blade are the same.

[0008] Furthermore, the ash discharge groove is arranged close to the upper surface of the guide blade.

[0009] Furthermore, the included angle between the radial direction of the guide blade and the cross section of the cyclone barrel is 5° to 15°.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of guide blades are provided in the circumferential direction of the cyclone body, and the ash discharge slots are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the guide blades.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide blades are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cyclone body.

[0012] Another technical solution of the present invention is: a cyclone dust collector, comprising a plurality of the aforementioned wear-resistant cyclone separators for real-time dust removal.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the technical solution provided by the present invention are:

[0014] This invention successfully prevents the accumulation of dust on the cylinder wall, significantly reducing wear on the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder, particularly in the lower cylinder. Actual testing has confirmed that the use of this technical solution can steadily reduce the cylinder wear rate to below 0.5mm / thousand hours, effectively extending the service life of the cyclone dust collector, significantly reducing the frequency of equipment replacement, and significantly reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0015] Due to the significant reduction in cylinder wall wear, the airflow field remains stable, effectively avoiding turbulence caused by wear and tear, thereby ensuring highly stable dust removal efficiency. The dust removal slots discharge separated dust from the cyclone in real time, reducing the need for dust to be discharged through the air duct. Compared with traditional cyclone dust collectors, the dust removal efficiency of this invention can be improved by 10% to 20%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinally cut three-dimensional structure of the wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal in Example 1.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone barrel of Example 1.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinally cut three-dimensional structure of the cyclone barrel of Example 1.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cyclone barrel of Example 1.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cutaway three-dimensional structure of the cyclone dust collector of Example 1.

[0021] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the dust removal principle of the wear-resistant cyclone separator with real-time dust removal in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone barrel of Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading this description, various equivalent modifications to this description by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims appended to this application.

[0024] Example 1, please combine Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time dust removal of this embodiment includes a cyclone body 1, guide blades 2, and an air guide pipe 3. The cyclone body 1 is a cylindrical structure with upper and lower openings, including a straight pipe section 101 and a tapered section 102. The straight pipe section 101 is located at the top, and the tapered section 102 is located at the bottom. The upper diameter of the tapered section 102 is larger than the lower diameter. The upper opening of the cyclone body 1, that is, the upper opening of the straight pipe section 101, is the dust-laden air inlet, and the lower opening of the cyclone body 1, that is, the lower opening of the tapered section 102, is the dust outlet.

[0025] The inner wall of the straight tube section 101 of the cyclone barrel 1 is provided with multiple guide blades 2. These guide blades 2 are used to guide the dust-laden airflow entering from the dust-laden airflow inlet into a downward, rotating motion. The guide blades 2 are machined as spiral blades and fixedly attached to the inner wall of the cyclone barrel 1, typically by welding. Multiple guide blades 2 are arranged around the circumference of the cyclone barrel 1, evenly spaced.

[0026] A number of ash discharge slots 103 are also provided on the straight pipe section 101 of the cyclone barrel 1. In this embodiment, the ash discharge slots 103 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the guide blades 2. The one-to-one correspondence referred to here means that one guide blade 2 corresponds to one ash discharge slot 103. The specific arrangement of the ash discharge slots 103 is as follows: the aforementioned guide blades 2 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cyclone barrel 1, and the upper surface of the guide blades 2 intersects with the inner wall of the cyclone barrel 1 to form a spiral line. The ash discharge slots 103 are provided along the spiral line, so that the ash discharge slots 103 are close to the upper surface of the guide blades 2 to form a spiral structure. At the same time, the ash discharge slots 103 and the guide blades 2 have the same spiral parameters. Therefore, the aforementioned ash discharge slots 103 correspond one-to-one with the guide blades 2, that is, one guide blade 2 corresponds to one ash discharge slot 103, and the ash discharge slots 103 are provided along the spiral line from beginning to end. In other embodiments, the ash discharge grooves 103 opened along the spiral line can be set to multiple intervals, that is, multiple ash discharge grooves 103 are included from the beginning to the end along the spiral line, and the length of each ash discharge groove 103 can be determined according to the impact on the structural strength of the wall of the cyclone cylinder 1.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, please combine Figure 4 As shown, in order to make it easier for dust particles to be discharged outward from the dust discharge groove 103, the angle α between the radial direction of the guide blade 2 and the cross section of the cyclone barrel 1 is 10° (the inner edge of the guide blade 2 is high and the outer edge is low). In other embodiments, the angle can be set to 5°, 8°, or 15°.

[0028] The setting of the air duct 3 is similar to that of the air duct in the cyclone in the prior art. It is vertically inserted through the opening at the top of the cyclone cylinder 1 and is coaxially arranged with the cyclone cylinder 1. The aforementioned guide blades 2 are located between the outer wall of the air duct 3 and the inner wall of the cyclone cylinder 1.

[0029] The structure of the cyclone dust collector composed of the wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time dust removal of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it includes an air inlet chamber 4, an air outlet chamber 5 and an ash hopper 6. The ash hopper 6 is connected to the lower part of the air inlet chamber 4, and the two are separated by a lower support plate 7, and the lower support plate 7 is generally set horizontally. The air outlet chamber 5 is connected to the upper part of the air inlet chamber 4, and the two are separated by an upper support plate 8, and the upper support plate 8 is generally set at an angle. The number of cyclone separators is determined according to the pre-calculated flue gas volume, and the cyclone separators are arranged in a matrix according to the design layout. A number of mounting holes are opened on the lower support plate 7 for installing the cyclone barrel 1 of the wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal. A flange is provided on the top of the cyclone barrel 1 to connect with the lower support plate 7. Most of the cyclone barrel 1 is located in the ash hopper 6, and a sealed connection is ensured between the flange of the cyclone barrel 1 and the lower support plate 7 to avoid air leakage affecting the dust removal effect. A number of outlet holes are opened on the upper support plate 8 for connecting the air duct 3. The air duct 3 extends upward and passes through the upper support plate 8 into the air outlet chamber. Please combine Figure 6 As shown, after the dust-laden airflow enters the air inlet chamber 4, it flows into the cyclone barrel 1 of the wear-resistant cyclone separator with real-time ash removal. Under the guidance of the guide blades 2, the airflow begins to rotate. Under the centrifugal force, the dust particles gradually move toward the wall of the cyclone barrel 1 and are discharged from the ash discharge groove 103 to the outside of the cyclone barrel 1 (into the ash hopper 6). This reduces the distance the dust particles move in the cyclone barrel 1 and reduces the friction on the cyclone barrel 1. Furthermore, when the angle α between the radial direction of the guide blades 2 and the cross-section of the cyclone barrel 1 reaches 10°, the guide blades 2 not only guide the airflow in rotation but also have a certain outward guiding effect on the dust, which is more conducive to the direct discharge of dust particles. Ultimately, the dust particles that are not discharged through the ash discharge groove 103 are discharged into the ash hopper 6 through the opening at the bottom of the cyclone barrel 1. The purified airflow from the wear-resistant cyclone separator with real-time ash removal enters the air outlet chamber 5 through the air guide pipe 3 before being discharged.

[0030] The wear rate of the cyclone barrel 1 of this embodiment can be stably reduced to below 0.5 mm / thousand hours. At the same time, the dust removal efficiency can be improved by 10% to 20% compared with traditional dust collectors (the efficiency improvement is different under different processing air volume parameters, that is, different dust collector scales).

[0031] In the second embodiment, in addition to the aforementioned ash discharge slots 103 with the same spiral parameters as the guide blades 2, other types of ash discharge slots 103 may also be provided, such as Figure 7 As shown, the dust discharge groove 3 is a horizontal groove, and multiple grooves are arranged at intervals along the guide blade 2. Similar to the aforementioned embodiment, under the action of the guide blade 2, the centrifugal force generated by the rotating airflow will also cause the dust to be discharged through the dust discharge groove 103, thereby reducing the friction on the cyclone cylinder 1.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant cyclone separator with real-time ash removal, comprising a cyclone cylinder, guide blades and an air guide pipe, characterized in that: The cylinder wall of the cyclone cylinder is provided with a plurality of ash discharge grooves.

2. The wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide blade is a spiral blade, the ash discharge groove extends in a spiral manner, and the spiral direction of the ash discharge groove is the same as the spiral direction of the guide blade.

3. The wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle between the radial direction of the guide blade and the cross section of the cyclone barrel is 5° to 15°.

4. The wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The spiral parameters of the ash discharge groove and the guide blade are the same.

5. The wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The ash discharge groove is arranged close to the upper surface of the guide blade.

6. The wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of guide blades are provided in the circumferential direction of the cyclone cylinder, and the ash discharge slots are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the guide blades.

7. The wear-resistant cyclone separator for real-time ash removal according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide blades are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cyclone cylinder.

8. A cyclone dust collector, characterized in that: The invention comprises the wear-resistant cyclone separation for real-time ash discharge according to any one of several claims 1 to 7.

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