Interlayer interference layered flow control method and device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of oil exploitation, and particularly relates to an interlayer interference layered flow control method and device. The device comprises an underground testing and regulating system, a ground regulating and controlling system, a water distribution room control system and a control center control system. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an interlayer interference network decoupling model, realizing a layered injection decoupling method, and forming a working process of underground layered flow regulation and measurement, so that the measurement and regulation efficiency and precision are improved, underground equipment is simplified, and the equipment reliability is improved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum extraction, and in particular relates to a method and device for controlling inter-layer interference layered flow. Background technology:

[0002] Most oilfields in my country have entered the high- or even ultra-high-water-cut stage. Currently, interlayer conflicts in oilfield development are severe. Long-term exploitation results in dominant channels, leading to ineffective injection-production cycles, significantly reducing production efficiency and increasing costs. Therefore, stratified water injection technology has been developed to address this issue. Stratified water injection technology has evolved through four generations: the first generation, fixed nozzles, operated with a pipe string; the second generation, movable nozzles, replaced with wireline casting and hauling; the third generation, wireline operation, with synchronized downhole measurement and adjustment; and the fourth generation, electric injection technology, enabling real-time adjustment. Although stratified water injection technology has advanced to the electric and intelligent stage, it still faces several challenges: significant interlayer interference, resulting in low measurement and adjustment efficiency and poor injection accuracy; and the existing stratified injection technology requires complex downhole equipment, requiring dedicated flowmeters for stratified flow measurement. These flowmeters have long flow paths and are prone to clogging, requiring maintenance, increasing production costs and reducing efficiency.

[0003] In response to the above problems, a method and device for interlayer interference stratified flow control are proposed. This method and device solve the interlayer interference problem by establishing an interlayer interference decoupling model and adopting coordinated adjustment between downhole and wellhead, so that the injection volume of each layer is not affected by other layers and does not affect other layers. At the same time, the system does not require the installation of a flow meter. A multifunctional short-channel water nozzle is used to measure the stratified flow by the pressure difference method. It can not only accurately measure, but also simplify downhole equipment, reduce mining costs, and improve the reliability of downhole equipment. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of inter-layer interference in stratified flow allocation in stratified injection wells, improve the measurement and adjustment efficiency and allocation accuracy; use a multifunctional short-channel water nozzle to complete the stratified flow allocation and measurement tasks, while improving the measurement accuracy, eliminating the need for dedicated downhole flow meters, reducing production costs, and improving the reliability of downhole equipment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method and device for controlling inter-layer interference layered flow, characterized in that: the device comprises: a downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), a surface control system (2), a water distribution room control system (3), and a control center control system (4);

[0006] The downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is a device that is lowered into the well and is used to measure the pressure before the nozzle, the pressure after the nozzle, the wellbore temperature, upload downhole collected data, and analyze the water nozzle adjustment instructions issued by the surface control system (2);

[0007] The surface control system (2) is a surface device installed at the wellhead, and is used to analyze the downhole collected data uploaded by the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) and transmit the data remotely to the water distribution room control system (3), analyze the control instructions remotely transmitted by the water distribution room control system (3) and issue the instructions to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1);

[0008] The water distribution room control system (3) is a device installed in the water distribution room of the well group, and is used to adjust the wellhead injection pressure and the total injection flow, analyze the data transmitted by the ground control system (2) and transmit it to the control center control system (4), analyze the wellhead injection pressure, total injection flow and water nozzle opening adjustment instructions issued by the control center control system (4) and send the instructions to the ground control system (2);

[0009] The control center control system (4) is a device installed in the oil field block control center, and is used to issue control instructions to the control systems (3) of the water distribution rooms of multiple wells;

[0010] The downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) comprises a water inlet (5), a cable packer (6), a short circuit connecting the packer and the water distributor (7), a water distributor housing (8), a steel-shell cable (9), a cable connection compartment (10), a control circuit (11), a motor drive circuit (12), a motor encoder (13), a multifunctional short-channel water nozzle (14), and a flow passage (15); when the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is lowered into the well, the water inlet (5) is at the top and the flow passage (15) is at the bottom; The upper water inlet (5) and the lower flow passage (15) of the measurement and adjustment system (1) are respectively provided with external threads that can be connected and tightened with the internal threads of the oil pipe; the downhole measurement and adjustment systems (1) of each layer are connected in series through the oil pipe, and the uppermost downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is connected in series to the ground water supply pipeline through the oil pipe; the downhole measurement and adjustment systems (1) of each layer are connected in series through 4mm steel shell cables for data communication, and the uppermost downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is connected to the ground control system (2) through 8mm plastic-sealed cables for data communication;

[0011] The ground control system (2) is a ground control cabinet (16) installed at the wellhead, comprising: a voltage stabilizing circuit (17), a power carrier module (18), a LoRa wireless data transmission module (19), and a control circuit (20); the ground control system (2) and the water distribution room control system (3) perform data communication via the LoRa wireless data transmission module (19);

[0012] The water distribution room control system (3) is composed of a water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) and a water distribution room control cabinet (22), wherein the water distribution room control cabinet (22) includes: a 4G module (23), a LoRa wireless data transmission module (24), an industrial computer (25), and a computer screen (26); the water distribution room control cabinet (22) communicates with the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) via RS485; the water distribution room control system (3) communicates with the ground control system (2) via LoRa wireless data;

[0013] The control center control system (4) comprises: a server (27), a 4G module (28), and a test and adjustment software (29); the control center control system (4) and the water distribution room control system (3) are transmitted via 4G wireless data.

[0014] The inter-layer interference layered flow control method includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Based on the hydropower similarity principle, by establishing a network model of pipe flow, nozzle flow, and seepage coupling in a multi-layer injection system, the multi-loop pressure loss equation and the mass conservation equation for each node can be established:

[0016]

[0017] Where, P n is the pressure before the mouth of the nth layer, a n is the throttling pressure loss coefficient of the nth layer short channel faucet, k n is the flow resistance coefficient of the nth layer, q n is the nth layer traffic, p n is the original formation pressure of the nth layer;

[0018] The converted pressure before the nozzle of each layer P n The injection pressure P at the wellhead satisfies:

[0019] P n =P+ρgH n -h n

[0020] Where H n is the vertical distance from the nth layer to the wellhead, P is the wellhead injection pressure, ρ is the injection fluid density, g is the gravitational acceleration, h n is the pressure loss along the wellbore from the nth layer to the wellhead;

[0021] The two equations are combined to obtain the relationship between the injection flow rate and other parameters of the nth layer and the wellhead injection pressure:

[0022]

[0023] From the above formula, we can see that the factors causing interlayer interference are: when adjusting the flow rate of a single layer, the wellhead pressure changes, causing the flow rate of other layers to change;

[0024] Step 2: The ground control system (2) sends control instructions to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) through an 8mm cable to keep the opening of the multifunctional short-flow nozzle (14) of each layer unchanged. At this time, a in the coupling equation is n The above formula reflects the functional relationship between P and stratified flow. n Find the derivative:

[0025] dP=(2a n q n +k n )dq n

[0026] The relationship between the change in flow rate at the nth layer and the change in injection pressure at the wellhead is obtained:

[0027]

[0028] Step 3: The water distribution room control system (3) sends control instructions to the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) through RS485 communication, sets a reasonable working pressure P at the wellhead, and keeps the wellhead working pressure P constant during the stratified flow regulation process. Then the flow rate q of each layer in the well is n The opening of each layer of the water nozzle can be adjusted by adjusting the multifunctional short-flow nozzle (14). When adjusting the flow rate of each layer, it is neither disturbed by other layers nor disturbs other layers. At this time, the layered flow rate can be expressed as:

[0029]

[0030] According to the above formula, the flow rate of each layer is only related to the pressure loss coefficient, flow resistance coefficient and wellhead pressure of the water nozzle of each layer, and has nothing to do with other layers. When regulating the stratified flow rate, it is only necessary to control the flow rate in the water distribution room and the pressure regulating valve (21) to keep the wellhead pressure unchanged to solve the problem of inter-layer interference.

[0031] Step 4: The control center control system (4) sends a water nozzle control instruction to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), and opens the water nozzles of each layer to the fully open state. The water distribution room control system (3) sends an instruction to the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) through RS485 communication to adjust the flow of each layer to the injection amount required by the injection plan, and records the wellhead injection pressure value that meets the injection amount of each layer. In order to ensure that the injection plan can be achieved in each layer and the flow of each layer is controlled by the water nozzles of each layer, the maximum value of the recorded wellhead pressure plus 0.5MPa is selected as the wellhead injection pressure P, and the wellhead pressure is kept constant by the PID algorithm of the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21); adjust the multifunctional short-flow channel water nozzles (14) of each layer of the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), and the flow of each layer read by the measurement and adjustment software (29) reaches the injection plan under the wellhead injection pressure P working system, and record the opening position of the water nozzles of each layer on the measurement and adjustment software (29);

[0032] Step 5: Through indoor experiments, obtain the chart of pressure loss and flow rate before and after the nozzle with different caliber areas; find the pressure loss and flow rate chart curve of the caliber area corresponding to the faucet opening position that meets the injection volume recorded in step 4; the flow rate under the faucet caliber area under any pressure loss can be obtained through the chart, and the stratified flow rate at any time can be measured.

[0033] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0034] This solves the problem of low efficiency and poor accuracy caused by serious inter-layer interference in existing stratified flow allocation devices. It also solves the problem of poor reliability caused by clogging or even blocking of measurement and adjustment devices. It provides a method and device for stratified flow regulation and measurement that solves inter-layer interference. Its main advantages are as follows:

[0035] (1) A method for solving the inter-layer interference problem in the process of stratified flow regulation is proposed. The measurement and regulation device and the regulation process produced according to this method can solve the inter-layer interference problem in the process of stratified flow regulation, with high regulation efficiency and a single-layer regulation time of less than 10 minutes;

[0036] (2) A multifunctional short-channel water nozzle stratified flow measurement method and device are proposed. The downhole equipment does not need to be installed with a special flow meter. The stratified flow measurement method of the multifunctional short-channel water nozzle can realize stratified flow measurement. The multifunctional short-channel water nozzle requires a short flow channel, which avoids flow channel blockage or even blockage, reduces production costs, improves downhole equipment reliability and measurement accuracy, and the stratified flow measurement accuracy is better than 3%.

[0037] (3) A coordinated control system of underground-wellhead-water distribution room-remote control center is proposed. Through the control center, high-efficiency and high-precision flow adjustment and measurement can be performed on a single well, achieving the purpose of centralized management and decentralized control, automation, and intelligent measurement and adjustment. Description of the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a layered flow control device for resolving inter-layer interference in Example 1;

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1—Downhole measurement and adjustment system 2—Surface control system 3—Water distribution room control system

[0041] 4—Control center control system 5—Water inlet 6—Cable packer

[0042] 7—Short circuit between packer and water distributor 8—Water distributor housing 9—Steel shell cable

[0043] 10—Cable connection compartment 11—Control circuit 12—Motor drive circuit

[0044] 13—Motor encoder 14—Multi-function short-flow faucet 15—Flow channel

[0045] 16 - Ground control cabinet 17 - Voltage stabilization circuit 18 - Power carrier module

[0046] 19—LoRa wireless data transmission module 20—Control circuit

[0047] 21—Flow and pressure regulating valve in water distribution room 22—Control cabinet in water distribution room 23—4G module

[0048] 24—LoRa wireless data transmission module 25—Industrial computer 26—Computer screen

[0049] 27—Server 28—4G Module 29—Testing and Adjustment Software

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the downhole measurement and adjustment system in Example 1;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ground control system in Example 1;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water distribution room control system in Example 1;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control center control system in Example 1;

[0054] Figure 6 This is the characteristic curve of the layer I of the stratified injection well under the combination of the switch state of other different layer intervals;

[0055] Figure 7 The characteristic curve diagram of the layer II of the stratified injection well under the combination of switch states of other different layer intervals;

[0056] Figure 8 It is the pressure loss and flow chart under different diameter areas;

[0057] Figure 9 This is a comparison chart of the stratified flow rate measurement and adjustment results of the stratified injection well at a working pressure of 7.9MPa;

[0058] Figure 10 This is a comparison chart of the stratified flow rate measurement and adjustment results of a stratified injection well at a working pressure of 8.4 MPa; Specific implementation method:

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 A method and device for controlling inter-layer interference layered flow, characterized in that the device comprises: a downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), a surface control system (2), a water distribution room control system (3), and a control center control system (4).

[0061] The downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is a device that is lowered into the well and is used to measure the pressure before the nozzle, the pressure after the nozzle, the wellbore temperature, upload downhole collected data, and analyze the water nozzle adjustment instructions issued by the surface control system (2);

[0062] The surface control system (2) is a surface device installed at the wellhead, and is used to analyze the downhole collected data uploaded by the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) and transmit the data remotely to the water distribution room control system (3), analyze the control instructions remotely transmitted by the water distribution room control system (3) and issue the instructions to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1);

[0063] The water distribution room control system (3) is a device installed in the water distribution room of the well group, and is used to adjust the wellhead injection pressure and the total injection flow, analyze the data transmitted by the ground control system (2) and transmit it to the control center control system (4), analyze the wellhead injection pressure, total injection flow and water nozzle opening adjustment instructions issued by the control center control system (4) and send the instructions to the ground control system (2);

[0064] The control center control system (4) is a device installed in the oil field block control center, and is used to issue control instructions to the water distribution room control systems (3) of multiple water injection wells;

[0065] The downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) comprises a water inlet (5), a cable packer (6), a short circuit connecting the packer and the water distributor (7), a water distributor housing (8), a steel-shell cable (9), a cable connection compartment (10), a control circuit (11), a motor drive circuit (12), a motor encoder (13), a multifunctional short-channel water nozzle (14), and a flow passage (15); when the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is lowered into the well, the water inlet (5) is at the top and the flow passage (15) is at the bottom; the upper end water inlet (5) and the lower end flow passage (15) of the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) are respectively provided with external threads. It can be connected and tightened with the inner thread of the oil pipe; the downhole measurement and adjustment systems (1) of each layer are connected in series through the oil pipe, and the top downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is connected in series to the ground water supply pipeline through the oil pipe; the downhole measurement and adjustment systems (1) of each layer are connected in series through 4mm steel shell cables for data communication, and the top downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is connected to the ground control system (2) through 8mm plastic-sealed cables for data communication; the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is 1300mm long, 114mm in diameter, and has a built-in flow channel of 45mm, and can be lowered into a 38mm injection profile logging flowmeter to perform layered flow test verification.

[0066] The ground control system (2) is a ground control cabinet (16) installed at the wellhead, comprising: a voltage stabilizing circuit (17), a power carrier module (18), a LoRa wireless data transmission module (19), and a control circuit (20); the ground control system (2) and the water distribution room control system (3) perform data communication via the LoRa wireless data transmission module (19);

[0067] The water distribution room control system (3) is composed of a water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) and a water distribution room control cabinet (22), wherein the water distribution room control cabinet (22) includes: a 4G module (23), a LoRa wireless data transmission module (24), an industrial computer (25), and a computer screen (26); the water distribution room control cabinet (22) communicates with the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) via RS485; the water distribution room control system (3) communicates with the ground control system (2) via LoRa wireless data;

[0068] The control center control system (4) comprises: a server (27), a 4G module (28), and a test and adjustment software (29); the control center control system (4) and the water distribution room control system (3) are transmitted via 4G wireless data.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] Reference Figures 6-10 , a method and device for controlling inter-layer interference layered flow, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0071] Step 1: Based on the hydropower similarity principle, by establishing a network model of pipe flow, nozzle flow, and seepage coupling in a multi-layer injection system, the multi-loop pressure loss equation and the mass conservation equation for each node can be established:

[0072]

[0073] Where, P n is the pressure before the mouth of the nth layer, a n is the throttling pressure loss coefficient of the nth layer short channel faucet, k n is the flow resistance coefficient of the nth layer, q n is the nth layer traffic, p n is the original formation pressure of the nth layer;

[0074] The converted pressure before the nozzle of each layer P n The injection pressure P at the wellhead satisfies:

[0075] P n =P+ρgH n -h n

[0076] Where, H n is the vertical distance from the nth layer to the wellhead, P is the wellhead injection pressure, ρ is the injection fluid density, g is the gravitational acceleration, h n is the pressure loss along the wellbore from the nth layer to the wellhead;

[0077] The two equations are combined to obtain the relationship between the injection flow rate and other parameters of the nth layer and the wellhead injection pressure:

[0078]

[0079] From the above formula, we can see that the factors causing interlayer interference are: when adjusting the flow rate of a single layer, the wellhead pressure changes, causing the flow rate of other layers to change;

[0080] Step 2: The ground control system (2) sends control instructions to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) through an 8mm cable to keep the opening of the multifunctional short-flow nozzle (14) of each layer unchanged. At this time, a in the coupling equation is n The above formula reflects the functional relationship between P and stratified flow. n Find the derivative:

[0081] ΔP=(2a n q n +k n )Δq n

[0082] The relationship between the change in flow rate at the nth layer and the change in injection pressure at the wellhead is obtained:

[0083]

[0084] Step 3: The water distribution room control system (3) sends control instructions to the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) through RS485 communication, sets a reasonable working pressure P at the wellhead, and keeps the wellhead working pressure P constant during the stratified flow regulation process. Then the flow rate q of each layer in the well is n The opening of each layer of the water nozzle can be adjusted by adjusting the multifunctional short-flow nozzle (14). When adjusting the flow rate of each layer, it is neither disturbed by other layers nor disturbs other layers. At this time, the layered flow rate can be expressed as:

[0085]

[0086] According to the above formula, the flow rate of each layer is only related to the pressure loss coefficient, flow resistance coefficient and wellhead pressure of the water nozzle of each layer, and has nothing to do with other layers. When regulating the stratified flow rate, it is only necessary to control the flow rate in the water distribution room and the pressure regulating valve (21) to keep the wellhead pressure unchanged to solve the problem of inter-layer interference.

[0087] Step 4: The control center control system (4) sends a water nozzle control instruction to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), and opens the water nozzles of each layer to the fully open state. The water distribution room control system (3) sends an instruction to the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) through RS485 communication to adjust the flow of each layer to the injection amount required by the injection plan, and records the wellhead injection pressure value that meets the injection amount of each layer. In order to ensure that the injection plan can be achieved in each layer and the flow of each layer is controlled by the water nozzles of each layer, the maximum value of the recorded wellhead pressure plus 0.5MPa is selected as the wellhead injection pressure P, and the wellhead pressure is kept constant by the PID algorithm of the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21); adjust the multifunctional short-flow channel water nozzles (14) of each layer of the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), and the flow of each layer read by the measurement and adjustment software (29) reaches the injection plan under the wellhead injection pressure P working system, and record the opening position of the water nozzles of each layer on the measurement and adjustment software (29);

[0088] Step 5: Through indoor experiments, obtain the chart of pressure loss and flow rate before and after the nozzle with different caliber areas; find the pressure loss and flow rate chart curve of the caliber area corresponding to the faucet opening position that meets the injection volume recorded in step 4; the flow rate under the faucet caliber area under any pressure loss can be obtained through the chart, and the stratified flow rate at any time can be measured.

[0089] The method and device are used to record the characteristic curves of the test layer under different layer switch state combinations. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the characteristic curves of the test layer are evenly distributed on both sides of the fitting curve and are not affected by the switching state of other layers, thus proving the correctness of the method for solving inter-layer interference;

[0090] The pressure loss and flow rate charts under different caliber areas were obtained through indoor tests. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the flow rate at any pressure loss under different caliber areas can be calculated through this chart without using a dedicated flow meter;

[0091] In order to verify the calculation accuracy and regulation efficiency of stratified flow rate of this method, an experiment was conducted. Figure 9 and Figure 10 In order to calculate the stratified flow rate, adjust the error and record the adjustment time, the present method and device are used to adjust and measure the stratified flow rate. The figure shows that the error between the measurement data and the verification data is better than 3%, and the stratified flow rate control time of the four-layer well is less than 60 minutes for multiple times, which is much lower than the 15% accuracy and 2-3 days of control time of the traditional stratified allocation technology, verifying the feasibility and correctness of the present method and device, so the present invention is effective.

[0092] This method and device utilizes a network model to establish an interlayer interference decoupling model, resolving interlayer interference issues during stratified injection and improving measurement and adjustment efficiency and accuracy. Multifunctional short-channel faucets enable stratified flow measurement and adjustment, simplifying downhole equipment, reducing production costs, and substantially improving equipment reliability. This method and device fundamentally resolves existing issues with stratified water injection wells. Therefore, this invention is of great significance.

[0093] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method and device for controlling inter-layer interference layered flow, characterized in that The device comprises: an underground measurement and adjustment system (1), a surface control system (2), a water distribution room control system (3), and a control center control system (4); The downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is a device that is lowered into the well and is used to measure the pressure before the nozzle, the pressure after the nozzle, the wellbore temperature, upload downhole collected data, and analyze the water nozzle adjustment instructions issued by the surface control system (2); The surface control system (2) is a surface device installed at the wellhead, and is used to analyze the downhole collected data uploaded by the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) and transmit the data remotely to the water distribution room control system (3), analyze the control instructions remotely transmitted by the water distribution room control system (3) and issue the instructions to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1); The water distribution room control system (3) is a device installed in the water distribution room of the well group, and is used to adjust the wellhead injection pressure and the total injection flow, analyze the data transmitted by the ground control system (2) and transmit it to the control center control system (4), analyze the wellhead injection pressure, total injection flow and water nozzle opening adjustment instructions issued by the control center control system (4) and send the instructions to the ground control system (2); The control center control system (4) is a device installed in the oil field block control center, and is used to issue control instructions to the water distribution room control systems (3) of multiple water injection wells; The downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) comprises a water inlet (5), a cable packer (6), a short circuit connecting the packer and the water distributor (7), a water distributor housing (8), a steel-shell cable (9), a cable connection compartment (10), a control circuit (11), a motor drive circuit (12), a motor encoder (13), a multifunctional short-channel water nozzle (14), and a flow passage (15); when the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is lowered into the well, the water inlet (5) is at the top and the flow passage (15) is at the bottom; The upper water inlet (5) and the lower flow passage (15) of the measurement and adjustment system (1) are respectively provided with external threads that can be connected and tightened with the internal threads of the oil pipe; the downhole measurement and adjustment systems (1) of each layer are connected in series through the oil pipe, and the uppermost downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is connected in series to the ground water supply pipeline through the oil pipe; the downhole measurement and adjustment systems (1) of each layer are connected in series through 4mm steel shell cables for data communication, and the uppermost downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) is connected to the ground control system (2) through 8mm plastic-sealed cables for data communication; The ground control system (2) is a ground control cabinet (16) installed at the wellhead, comprising: a voltage stabilizing circuit (17), a power carrier module (18), a LoRa wireless data transmission module (19), and a control circuit (20); the ground control system (2) and the water distribution room control system (3) perform data communication via the LoRa wireless data transmission module (19); The water distribution room control system (3) is composed of a water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) and a water distribution room control cabinet (22), wherein the water distribution room control cabinet (22) includes: a 4G module (23), a LoRa wireless data transmission module (24), an industrial computer (25), and a computer screen (26); the water distribution room control cabinet (22) communicates with the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) via RS485; the water distribution room control system (3) communicates with the ground control system (2) via LoRa wireless data; The control center control system (4) comprises: a server (27), a 4G module (28), and a test and adjustment software (29); the control center control system (4) and the water distribution room control system (3) are transmitted via 4G wireless data.

2. The layered flow control method for resolving inter-layer interference according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The control method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Through the network model of pipe flow, nozzle flow, and seepage coupling of the multi-layer injection system, the multi-loop pressure loss equation and the mass conservation equation of each node can be established: Where, P n is the pressure before the mouth of the nth layer, a n is the throttling pressure loss coefficient of the nth layer short channel faucet, k n is the flow resistance coefficient of the nth layer, q n is the nth layer traffic, p n is the original formation pressure of the nth layer; The converted pressure before the nozzle of each layer P n The injection pressure P at the wellhead satisfies: P n =P+ρgH n -h n Where, H n is the vertical distance from the nth layer to the wellhead, P is the wellhead injection pressure, ρ is the injection fluid density, g is the gravitational acceleration, h n is the pressure loss along the wellbore from the nth layer to the wellhead; The relationship between the injection flow rate and other parameters of the nth layer and the wellhead injection pressure: Step 2: The ground control system (2) sends control instructions to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1) through the cable to keep the opening of the multifunctional short-flow nozzle (14) of each layer unchanged. n Find the derivative: dP=(2a n q n +k n )dq n The relationship between the change in flow rate of the nth layer and the change in injection pressure at the wellhead: Step 3: The water distribution room control system (3) sends control instructions to the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) through RS485 communication, sets the working pressure at the wellhead, and keeps the wellhead working pressure constant during the stratified flow regulation process. Then the flow rate of each layer in the well is q n The opening degree of each layer of the water nozzle can be adjusted by adjusting the multifunctional short-flow nozzle (14). When adjusting the flow rate of each layer, it is neither disturbed by other layers nor disturbs other layers. The layered flow rate can be expressed as: Step 4: The control center control system (4) sends a water nozzle control instruction to the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), and opens the water nozzles of each layer to the fully open state separately. The water distribution room control system (3) sends an instruction to the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21) through RS485 communication to adjust the flow of each layer to the injection amount required by the injection plan, record the wellhead injection pressure value that meets the injection amount of each layer, select the maximum recorded wellhead pressure plus 0.5MPa as the wellhead injection pressure, and keep the wellhead pressure constant through the PID algorithm of the water distribution room flow and pressure regulating valve (21); adjust the multifunctional short-flow channel water nozzles (14) of each layer of the downhole measurement and adjustment system (1), and the flow of each layer read by the measurement and adjustment software (29) reaches the injection plan under the wellhead injection pressure, and record the opening position of the water nozzles of each layer on the measurement and adjustment software (29); Step 5: Obtain the pressure loss and flow rate charts before and after the nozzles of different caliber areas through indoor experiments; find the pressure loss and flow rate chart curve of the caliber area corresponding to the faucet opening position that meets the injection volume recorded in step 4 on the corresponding chart; the flow rate under the faucet caliber area under any pressure loss can be obtained through the chart, and the stratified flow rate at any time can be measured.

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