Pipeline heating and heat preservation device, using method and nuclear fusion reactor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear fusion reactors, and discloses a pipeline heating and heat preservation device, a using method and a nuclear fusion reactor. The device comprises annular heating and heat preservation units which are sequentially and axially connected in series and in butt joint, each annular heating and heat preservation unit comprises a plurality of detachable heating and heat preservation modules which are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction, and the heating and heat preservation modules are mainly made of metal materials; in the heating and heat preservation module, the two mounting bottom plates are oppositely arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the heating and heat preservation module; the electric heating layer is arranged between the two mounting bottom plates; the metal heat preservation layer is arranged on the periphery of the electric heating layer and achieves heat preservation through reflection radiation. The device is convenient to assemble, disassemble and maintain, good in heating and heat preservation effect, wide in applicable temperature range and good in universality, water vapor can be effectively prevented from being condensed and accumulated in the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipeline, and the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipeline can be helped to complete inner wall tritium removal through high-temperature baking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear fusion reactors, and in particular to a pipeline heating and insulation device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During operation, the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor may leak cooling water due to internal failures. The leaked cooling water quickly vaporizes and expands into water vapor in a high-temperature vacuum environment, eventually causing the pressure inside the vacuum chamber to rise rapidly. If the pressure cannot be relieved in time, the vacuum chamber and its connecting components may be damaged.

[0003] To avoid the serious consequences of damage to the vacuum chamber and its connecting components, a vacuum chamber overpressure relief protection system must be installed. The water vapor is discharged and condensed through the relief pipe. However, water vapor may condense and accumulate in the relief pipe, and maintenance requires high-temperature baking to remove tritium, necessitating the use of heating and insulation technology in the relief pipe. Existing pipe insulation and heating technologies generally use heating cables wrapped around the pipe and conventional polymer insulation materials for insulation. This presents numerous problems, such as inconvenient installation and maintenance, and the susceptibility to inferior contamination. Traditional electric heating systems rely on linear heating cables, resulting in large axial temperature gradients and uneven temperature distribution, which can easily lead to localized overheating or underheating. Conventional polymer insulation materials are susceptible to aging and catalysis in radiation environments, potentially rendering the insulation ineffective. Existing pipe insulation and heating technologies are not suitable for use on the relief pipes of nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chambers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, a first object of the present invention is to provide a pipeline heating and insulation device that is easy to assemble, disassemble, and maintain, offers excellent heating and insulation performance, a wide applicable temperature range, stable properties, and excellent versatility. The device can be applied to the overpressure relief pipes of the vacuum chambers of nuclear fusion reactors. This device heats and insulates the vacuum chamber relief pipes during operation, effectively preventing condensation and accumulation of water vapor in the pipes, and provides high temperatures for baking and detritium removal during maintenance.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the pipeline heating and insulation device.

[0006] The third object of the present invention is to provide a nuclear fusion reactor.

[0007] According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline heating and insulation device includes annular heating and insulation units that are axially connected in series, each of which includes a plurality of circumferentially parallel and detachable heating and insulation modules, each of which is mainly composed of a metal material; the heating and insulation module includes: There are two mounting base plates, and the two mounting base plates are arranged opposite to each other along the circumference of the heating and heat preservation module; An electric heating layer, wherein the electric heating layer is arc-shaped, and is disposed between the two mounting bases, with both ends of the electric heating layer correspondingly fixed to the two mounting bases; The metal insulation layer is arc-shaped, arranged on the periphery of the electric heating layer and spaced apart from the electric heating layer, the circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates, and the metal insulation layer achieves insulation by reflecting radiation.

[0008] According to the pipe heating and insulation device of the first aspect of the present invention, when in use, the heating and insulation modules are arranged in parallel on the outer periphery of the pipe along the circumference of the pipe, and the circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules are detachably connected through the adjacent mounting base plates to form an annular heating and insulation unit; the annular heating and insulation units are connected in series along the axial direction of the pipe, and the electric heating layers of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules are kept conductively connected; after the heating and insulation device is installed, the electric heating layers of each of the heating and insulation modules in the first annular heating and insulation unit are energized in the axial direction of the pipe, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

[0009] The pipeline heating and insulation device of the first embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: on the one hand, the pipeline heating and insulation device adopts the modular design of the heating and insulation module, and forms a modular design with heating and insulation functions integrated into one by integrating the electric heating layer and the metal insulation layer between the two mounting base plates at the same time. The space occupied by the heating and insulation module itself and the space occupied by the electric heating layer and the metal insulation layer in the heating and insulation module are independent of each other, and it is convenient to install and maintain on the overpressure relief pipe of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor with an irradiated environment in the later stage, or on the pipes in other technical fields, thereby improving the installation reliability and reducing the workload of on-site assembly and disassembly. On the other hand, the electric heating layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the pipe, and the temperature is evenly distributed during heating. The metal insulation layer is arranged on the outer periphery of the electric heating layer, and reflects radiation to hinder radiation conduction, thereby enhancing the insulation effect, and the metal insulation layer It is more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials in irradiation environments; on the other hand, the heating and insulation module is mainly composed of metal materials, does not produce pollutants similar to the deterioration of polymer insulation layers, and is not afraid of use in radiation environments. At the same time, it has a wide applicable temperature range, high mechanical strength, stable properties, and is not easily corroded by environmental media. It can be used on overpressure relief pipes in vacuum chambers of nuclear fusion reactors or pipes in other technical fields that require heating and insulation, and has good versatility; on the other hand, the metal insulation layer uses the principle of reflected radiation to hinder radiation conduction and enhance the insulation effect. At the same time, the metal insulation layer has high mechanical strength and is more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials in irradiation environments; the electric heating layer can evenly heat the pipeline; in addition, according to the required size of the insulated heating pipeline, the size design of the pipeline heating and insulation device of the first embodiment of the present invention can be matched, which greatly enhances the versatility of the pipeline heating and insulation device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0010] The pipeline heating and insulation device of the first embodiment of the present invention is applied to the overpressure relief pipeline of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor. When the vacuum chamber relief pipeline is in operation, the vacuum chamber relief pipeline is heated and insulated, which can effectively prevent water vapor from condensing and accumulating in the pipeline.

[0011] In some embodiments, the electric heating layer includes a mounting substrate and a resistance heating wire; there are two mounting substrates, and the two mounting substrates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heating and insulation module, and the circumferential ends of the two mounting substrates are respectively fixed to the two mounting bases; there are multiple resistance heating wires, and the multiple resistance heating wires extend axially along the heating and insulation module and are evenly spaced along the circumference of the heating and insulation module, and the two ends of the multiple resistance heating wires are respectively fixed on the two mounting substrates.

[0012] In some embodiments, the electric heating layer also includes a conductive block, the end of the resistance heating wire is connected to the conductive block, the conductive block is connected to the mounting substrate, and the conductive block protrudes from the outer side of the mounting substrate in the axial direction of the heating and insulation module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the resistance heating wire is fixed to the conductive block by welding, and the conductive block is detachably embedded in the mounting substrate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the conductive block is a copper conductive block.

[0015] In some embodiments, the mounting substrate is a metal substrate, and the conductive block is insulated and connected to the mounting substrate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the metal insulation layer includes a metal foil and a metal shell; there are multiple metal foils, and the multiple metal foils are located on the periphery of the electric heating layer and arranged in layers at radial intervals along the heating and insulation module, and the circumferential ends of the multiple metal foils are respectively and detachably fixed to the two mounting bases; the metal shell is located on the periphery of the outermost metal foil and has a distance between it and the outermost metal foil; the circumferential ends of the metal shell are respectively and fixed to the two mounting bases.

[0017] In some embodiments, the radial outer ends of the two mounting bases radially protrude from the metal insulation layer, and connecting portions are provided at the radially protruding portions of the two mounting bases.

[0018] According to a method for using a heating and heat preservation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, the heating and heat preservation device is the heating and heat preservation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the method for using the device comprises the following steps: S1: Arrange the heating and heat preservation modules in parallel along the circumference of the pipeline on the outer circumference of the pipeline, and detachably connect the circumferentially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules to each other through the adjacent mounting base plates to form an annular heating and heat preservation unit; S2: connecting the annular heating and heat-insulating units in series along the axial direction of the pipeline, and maintaining conductive connection between the electric heating layers of the axially adjacent heating and heat-insulating modules; S3: In the axial direction of the pipeline, the electric heating layer of each heating and heat preservation module in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit is energized to reach the set heating temperature by controlling the current input.

[0019] Since the method for using the pipeline heating and heat insulation device of the second embodiment of the present invention adopts the pipeline heating and heat insulation device of the first embodiment of the present invention, the method for using the pipeline heating and heat insulation device of the second embodiment of the present invention has basically the same technical effect as the pipeline heating and heat insulation device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The nuclear fusion reactor according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe, and the pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed on the outer periphery of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe.

[0021] Since the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe of the nuclear fusion reactor of the third embodiment of the present invention is installed with the pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the first embodiment of the present invention, the nuclear fusion reactor of the third embodiment of the present invention has basically the same technical effect as the pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 2. It is a structural schematic diagram of a heating and heat preservation module of a pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a heating and heat preservation module of a pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an assembly of the pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the present invention; Figure 4 is another assembly diagram of the pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the pipeline heating and heat preservation device of the present invention.

[0024] Pipeline heating and insulation device 1000; annular heating and insulation unit 100; heating and insulation module 1; mounting base plate 11; connecting portion 111; electric heating layer 12; mounting substrate 121; resistance heating wire 122; conductive block 123; metal insulation layer 13; metal foil 131; metal shell 132; pipeline 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes annular heating and insulation units 100 that are axially connected in series. A single annular heating and insulation unit 100 includes multiple circumferentially parallel arranged and detachable heating and insulation modules 1. In other words, the heating and insulation module 1 itself is a modular design that integrates heating and insulation functions. Multiple heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected end to end along the circumference of the pipeline 2 to form an annular heating and insulation unit 100, for example Figures 1 to 5 The heating and heat preservation module 1 is shown as a semicircular arc. Figure 4 In the embodiment, two semi-circular arc-shaped heating and heat-insulating modules 1 are detachably connected end to end along the circumference of the pipe 2 (i.e., the two semi-circular arc-shaped heating and heat-insulating modules 1 are detachably connected), forming an annular heating and heat-insulating unit 100 to fully cover the outer circumference of the pipe 2. Further, as needed, such as Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of annular heating and heat-insulating units 100 are sequentially docked and installed along the axial direction of the pipeline 2 to form a pipeline heating and heat-insulating device 1000, thereby achieving uniform heating and heat-insulating of the pipeline 2. Since the heating and heat-insulating module 1 itself is modular in design, the pipeline heating and heat-insulating device 1000 of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is easy to assemble, disassemble and maintain. The heating and heat-insulating module 1 is mainly composed of metal materials, has a wide applicable temperature range, high mechanical strength, stable properties, and is not easily corroded by environmental media. It can be applied to the overpressure relief pipeline 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor or to pipelines 2 in other technical fields that require heating and heat-insulating, and has good versatility.

[0027] Specifically, the heating and heat-insulating module 1 includes a mounting base plate 11 , an electric heating layer 12 and a metal heat-insulating layer 13 .

[0028] There are two mounting base plates 11, which may be metal base plates. The two mounting base plates 11 are arranged relative to each other along the circumference of the heating and heat preservation module 1. The functions of the mounting base plates 11 are: on the one hand, they are used to integrate and fix the electric heating layer 12 and the metal heat preservation layer 13; on the other hand, when the heating and heat preservation modules 1 are detachably connected end to end along the circumference of the pipeline 2 (i.e., the heating and heat preservation modules 1 are arranged in parallel circumferentially) to form an annular heating and heat preservation unit 100, the circumferentially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 can be detachably connected through the connecting portions 111 of the adjacent mounting base plates 11. For example, when the connecting portions 111 are bolt holes, the adjacent mounting base plates 11 can be fixed by passing bolts through the bolt holes, which facilitates connection.

[0029] The electric heating layer 12 is arc-shaped and disposed between the two mounting bases 11, with its circumferential ends correspondingly fixed to the two mounting bases 11. The arc-shaped electric heating layer 12 is rationally designed, facilitating its matching with the outer circumference of the pipe 2 for uniform heating of the pipe 2. By fixing the circumferential ends of the electric heating layer 12 to the two mounting bases 11, displacement of the electric heating layer 12 can be avoided. The electric heating layer 12 is used to uniformly heat the pipe 2.

[0030] The metal insulation layer 13 is arc-shaped and is arranged on the periphery of the electric heating layer 12 with a spacing therebetween. The circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer 13 are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates 11. The metal insulation layer 13 achieves insulation by reflecting radiation. By reflecting radiation, the metal insulation layer 13 hinders radiation conduction and enhances the insulation effect. The metal insulation layer 13 is more durable and reliable than traditional polymeric organic insulation materials in irradiated environments. The metal insulation layer 13 also has a magnetic isolation effect when used on the overpressure relief pipe 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor. By fixing the circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer 13 to the two mounting base plates 11 respectively, the metal insulation layer 13 can be prevented from shifting.

[0031] The pipe heating and heat preservation device 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the heating and heat preservation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipeline 2 on the outer circumference of the pipeline 2, and the circumferentially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are detachably connected to each other through the adjacent mounting bases 11 to form an annular heating and heat preservation unit; Figure 5 and Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the annular heating and insulation units 100 are connected in series along the axial direction of the pipeline 2, and the electric heating layers 12 of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are kept conductively connected; after the heating and insulation device is installed, the electric heating layers 12 of each heating and insulation module 1 in the first annular heating and insulation unit are energized in the axial direction of the pipeline 2, and the set heating temperature is achieved by controlling the current input.

[0032] The pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention has the following advantages: on the one hand, the pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 adopts a modular design of the heating and insulation module 1, and forms a modular design with heating and insulation functions integrated into one by integrating the electric heating layer 12 and the metal insulation layer 13 between the two mounting bases 11 at the same time. The space occupied by the heating and insulation module 1 itself and the space occupied by the electric heating layer 12 and the metal insulation layer 13 in the heating and insulation module 1 are independent of each other. It is convenient to install and maintain on the overpressure relief pipe 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor with an irradiated environment in the later stage, or on the pipe 2 in other technical fields, thereby improving the installation reliability and reducing the workload of on-site assembly and disassembly; on the other hand, the electric heating layer 12 is arranged on the outer periphery of the pipe 2, and the temperature is evenly distributed during heating. The metal insulation layer 13 is arranged on the outer periphery of the electric heating layer 12, and reflects radiation to hinder radiation conduction, thereby enhancing the insulation effect, and the metal insulation layer 13 is irradiated. On the one hand, the heating and insulation module 1 is mainly composed of metal materials, which does not produce pollutants similar to the deterioration of the polymer insulation layer, and is not afraid of use in radiation environment. At the same time, it has a wide applicable temperature range, high mechanical strength, stable properties, and is not easily corroded by environmental media. It can be used on the overpressure relief pipe 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor or on pipes 2 that need heating and insulation in other technical fields, and has good versatility. On the other hand, the metal insulation layer 13 uses the principle of reflected radiation to hinder radiation conduction and enhance the insulation effect. At the same time, the metal insulation layer 13 has high mechanical strength and is more durable and reliable than traditional polymer organic insulation materials in irradiation environment. The electric heating layer 12 can evenly heat the pipe 2. In addition, according to the required size of the insulated heating pipe 2, the size design of the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first embodiment of the present invention can be matched, which greatly enhances the versatility of the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is applied to the overpressure relief pipe 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor. It heats and insulates the vacuum chamber relief pipe 2 when the vacuum chamber relief pipe 2 is in operation, which can effectively prevent water vapor from condensing and accumulating in the pipe 2, and can help the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe 2 to complete the detritium removal from the inner wall through high-temperature baking.

[0034] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the electric heating layer 12 includes a mounting substrate 121 and a resistance heating wire 122; there are two mounting substrates 121, and the two mounting substrates 121 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heating and heat preservation module 1, and the circumferential ends of the two mounting substrates 121 are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates 11; there are multiple resistance heating wires 122, and the multiple resistance heating wires 122 extend along the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module 1 and are evenly spaced along the circumference of the heating and heat preservation module 1, and the two ends of the multiple resistance heating wires 122 are respectively fixed to the two mounting substrates 121. As a result, the resistance heating wires 122 of the electric heating layer 12 can be evenly distributed around the pipe 2, and uniform heating can be achieved. It should be noted that when axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are docked in the axial direction of the pipe 2, it is necessary to ensure that the resistance heating wires 122 of the axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are in one-to-one conductive contact in the axial direction.

[0035] In some embodiments, the electric heating layer 12 further includes a conductive block 123. The end of the resistance heating wire 122 is connected to the conductive block 123, which is connected to the mounting base plate 121. The conductive block 123 protrudes from the outer side of the mounting base plate 121 in the axial direction of the heating and thermal insulation module 1. The provision of the conductive block 123 facilitates the fixation of the resistance heating wire 122 to the mounting base plate 121. Since the conductive block 123 protrudes from the outer side of the mounting base plate 121 in the axial direction of the heating and thermal insulation module 1, when axially adjacent heating and thermal insulation modules 1 are docked axially on the pipeline 2, the conductive blocks 123 of the axially adjacent heating and thermal insulation modules 1 are in direct, one-to-one conductive contact.

[0036] In some embodiments, the resistance heating wire 122 and the conductive block 123 are fixed by welding, which is reliable and has good conductivity at the connection. The conductive block 123 is detachably embedded in the mounting base plate 121 to facilitate subsequent maintenance of the resistance heating wire 122 .

[0037] In some embodiments, the conductive block 123 is a copper conductive block, but is not limited thereto and may also be other metal conductive blocks.

[0038] In some embodiments, the mounting substrate 121 is a metal substrate, and the conductive block 123 is insulated and connected to the mounting substrate 121 .

[0039] In some embodiments, the metal insulation layer 13 includes a metal foil 131 and a metal shell 132; there are multiple metal foils 131, and the multiple metal foils 131 are all located on the periphery of the electric heating layer 12 and are arranged in layers at radial intervals along the heating and insulation module 1, and the circumferential ends of the multiple metal foils 131 are respectively fixed and detachable to the two mounting bases 11; the metal shell 132 is located on the periphery of the outermost metal foil 131 and has a distance between it and the outermost metal foil 131; the circumferential ends of the metal shell 132 are respectively fixed to the two mounting bases 11. Among them, by utilizing the reflective characteristics between the metal foils 131, the heat radiation is reflected multiple times in the air interlayer to reduce the conduction of heat radiation, and the air interlayer can reduce heat conduction and heat convection due to its high thermal resistance, thereby achieving the effect of heat preservation and reducing heat dissipation; the metal foil is more durable and reliable than traditional polymer organic insulation materials in an irradiation environment; the metal shell 132 can protect the metal foil 131 therein, and at the same time, it also has a magnetic isolation effect when the pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 is used on the overpressure relief pipeline 2 of the vacuum chamber of a nuclear fusion reactor.

[0040] In some embodiments, the radial outer ends of the two mounting bases 11 radially protrude from the metal insulation layer 13, and a connecting portion 111 is provided at the radial outer ends of the two mounting bases 11. By providing the connecting portion 111, when the heating and insulation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipeline 2 on the outer periphery of the pipeline 2, the circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected through the connecting portions 111 on the adjacent mounting bases 11, and the connection is convenient. Specifically, the connecting portion 111 can be a bolt hole, or other snap-on structure, etc. It should be noted that if the connecting portion 111 is a magnetic structure, the magnetic structure will be exposed to a strong magnetic field environment, which will affect its magnetism. Therefore, the magnetic structure is only applicable in a non-strong magnetic environment.

[0041] The method for using the pipeline heating and heat preservation device 1000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1: If Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the heating and insulation modules 1 are arranged in parallel along the circumference of the pipeline 2. Circumferentially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are detachably connected via adjacent mounting bases 11 to form an annular heating and insulation unit. It should be noted that the pipeline 2 here can be an overpressure relief pipeline 2 for a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber or a pipeline 2 in other technical fields requiring heating and insulation.

[0042] S2: If Figure 5 and Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the annular heating and heat preservation units are connected in series along the axial direction of the pipeline 2, and the electric heating layers 12 of the axially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules 1 are kept conductively connected. Specifically, the electric heating layer 12 includes a mounting substrate 121, a resistance heating wire 122 and a conductive block 123; there are two mounting substrates 121, and the two mounting substrates 121 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heating and insulation module 1, and the circumferential ends of the two mounting substrates 121 are respectively fixed to the two mounting bases 11; there are multiple resistance heating wires 122, and the multiple resistance heating wires 122 extend along the axial direction of the heating and insulation module 1 and are evenly spaced along the circumference of the heating and insulation module 1, and the two ends of the multiple resistance heating wires 122 are respectively fixed on the two mounting substrates 121 through the conductive blocks 123, and the conductive blocks 123 protrude from the outer side surface of the mounting substrate 121 in the axial direction of the heating and insulation module 1. Since the conductive blocks 123 protrude from the outer side surface of the mounting substrate 121 in the axial direction of the heating and insulation module 1, when the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are docked in the axial direction of the pipeline 2, the conductive blocks 123 of the axially adjacent heating and insulation modules 1 are directly and electrically conductively contacted one by one.

[0043] S3: In the axial direction of the pipeline 2, the electric heating layer 12 of each heating and heat preservation module 1 in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit is energized, and the set heating temperature is reached by controlling the current input.

[0044] Since the method for using the pipe heating and heat insulation device 1000 of the second embodiment of the present invention adopts the pipe heating and heat insulation device 1000 of the first embodiment of the present invention, the method for using the pipe heating and heat insulation device 1000 of the second embodiment of the present invention has basically the same technical effect as the pipe heating and heat insulation device 1000 of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The nuclear fusion reactor according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe, and the pipeline heating and insulation device 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed on the outer periphery of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe.

[0046] Since the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe of the nuclear fusion reactor of the third embodiment of the present invention is installed with the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first embodiment of the present invention, the nuclear fusion reactor of the third embodiment of the present invention has basically the same technical effect as the pipe heating and insulation device 1000 of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0048] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0050] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pipe heating and insulation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an annular heating and heat preservation unit that is axially connected in series, wherein a single annular heating and heat preservation unit comprises a plurality of circumferentially parallel arranged and detachable heating and heat preservation modules, wherein the heating and heat preservation modules are mainly made of metal materials; the heating and heat preservation modules comprise: There are two mounting base plates, and the two mounting base plates are arranged opposite to each other along the circumference of the heating and heat preservation module; An electric heating layer, wherein the electric heating layer is arc-shaped, and is disposed between the two mounting bases, with both ends of the electric heating layer correspondingly fixed to the two mounting bases; The metal insulation layer is arc-shaped, arranged on the periphery of the electric heating layer and spaced apart from the electric heating layer, the circumferential ends of the metal insulation layer are respectively fixed to the two mounting base plates, and the metal insulation layer achieves insulation by reflecting radiation.

2. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric heating layer includes a mounting substrate and a resistance heating wire; there are two mounting substrates, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heating and insulation module, and the circumferential ends of the two mounting substrates are respectively fixed to the two mounting bases; there are multiple resistance heating wires, which extend axially along the heating and insulation module and are evenly spaced along the circumference of the heating and insulation module, and the two ends of the multiple resistance heating wires are respectively fixed on the two mounting substrates.

3. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric heating layer also includes an electrically conductive block, the end of the resistance heating wire is connected to the electrically conductive block, the electrically conductive block is connected to the mounting substrate, and the electrically conductive block protrudes from the outer side of the mounting substrate in the axial direction of the heating and heat preservation module.

4. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The resistance heating wire is fixed to the conductive block by welding, and the conductive block is detachably embedded in the mounting substrate.

5. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conductive block is a copper conductive block.

6. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting substrate is a metal substrate, and the conductive block is insulated and connected to the mounting substrate.

7. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The metal insulation layer includes a metal foil and a metal shell; there are multiple metal foils, and the multiple metal foils are located on the periphery of the electric heating layer and arranged in layers at radial intervals along the heating and insulation module. The circumferential ends of the multiple metal foils are respectively and detachably fixed to the two mounting bases; the metal shell is located on the periphery of the outermost metal foil and has a distance between it and the outermost metal foil; the circumferential ends of the metal shell are respectively and fixed to the two mounting bases.

8. The pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial outer ends of the two mounting base plates both radially protrude from the metal thermal insulation layer, and connecting parts are provided at the radially protruding parts of the two mounting base plates.

9. A method for using the pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Arrange the heating and heat preservation modules in parallel along the circumference of the pipeline on the outer circumference of the pipeline, and detachably connect the circumferentially adjacent heating and heat preservation modules to each other through the adjacent mounting base plates to form an annular heating and heat preservation unit; S2: connecting the annular heating and heat-insulating units in series along the axial direction of the pipeline, and maintaining conductive connection between the electric heating layers of the axially adjacent heating and heat-insulating modules; S3: In the axial direction of the pipeline, energize the electric heating layer of each heating and heat preservation module in the first annular heating and heat preservation unit, and reach the set heating temperature by controlling the current input.

10. A nuclear fusion reactor, characterized in that: It comprises a vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe, and the outer periphery of the vacuum chamber overpressure relief pipe is installed with the pipeline heating and heat preservation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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