Dynamic seal test device and method for profound hypothermia axial flow compressor

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic seal test device and method for a profound hypothermia axial flow compressor, and belongs to the technical field of safety protection and control and dynamic seal test of complex large rotary mechanical equipment, and the dynamic seal test device comprises a seal test bench, a driving system, a guarantee system, a test system and a pipeline system. The driving system provides power for the sealing test bench, the guarantee system provides a medium required by an experiment for the sealing test bench, the test system tests the sealing test bench, and the pipeline system communicates the guarantee system with the sealing test bench; the sealing test bench comprises a turntable, a sealing test piece and a shell, and the sealing test piece is arranged at a contact part between an annular surface of the turntable and the shell; the adopted test working medium comprises deep low-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen, and compared with existing normal-temperature air, carbon dioxide and low-temperature and normal-pressure nitrogen, the physical and chemical characteristics and the application range of the test working medium are further expanded, and beneficial development of the prior art is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of safety protection and control of complex large-scale rotating mechanical equipment and dynamic seal testing, and specifically relates to a dynamic seal testing device and method for a deep-cryogenic axial flow compressor. Background Art

[0002] The working fluid temperature of large-scale rotating mechanical equipment used in industrial production is mostly room temperature, high temperature or slightly low temperature, which is equivalent to the temperature of the unit's bearing box, mechanical components and the external atmosphere. The working fluid pressure is mostly normal pressure or high pressure. During operation, the working fluid usually only leaks into the bearing box or into the atmospheric environment. Relying on various types of rotary seals, the expected sealing effect can be achieved to prevent the working fluid from leaking outward, thereby ensuring operating efficiency and safe and stable industrial production.

[0003] The operating conditions of the newly developed and operational large-scale cryogenic axial compressors in China are extremely variable. They operate in a cryogenic environment of 110K for extended periods, coupled with complex conditions of variable pressure and speed, significantly exceeding the application range of existing industrial axial compressors. Under boost conditions, the cryogenic fluid will leak into the bearing housing and the external atmosphere, causing not only a sharp drop in the temperature of the bearing housing components and lubricating oil, compromising shaft safety, but also the spread of hazardous chemicals, threatening personnel safety. Under negative pressure conditions, the lubricating oil inside the bearing housing is highly likely to be drawn into the flow path due to the vacuum, contaminating the fluid and potentially freezing it. To prevent these problems, dynamic seals must be installed to prevent this, and research must be conducted on dynamic seal test equipment and technical methods under complex operating conditions to ensure the safe operation of cryogenic axial compressors and the safety of personnel.

[0004] Existing research on dynamic seal test equipment focuses on the development of test equipment for working fluids at room temperature and pressure. Existing research on low-temperature test equipment is also limited to the device structure itself and its ancillary systems. There is a lack of test equipment suitable for deep-cryogenic conditions, multi-variable pressure-coupled working fluids, and multi-variable speed-coupled working conditions. In particular, there is a lack of technical methods for dynamic seal testing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a dynamic seal test equipment and method for large axial flow compressors suitable for deep-cryogenic environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an oil film test method based on micron-thick fluorescent paint to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the poor solubility between "oil and fluorescent molecules" may lead to test errors when using traditional fluorescent oil film tests.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

[0007] A deep-low temperature axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device, comprising a seal test bench, a drive system, a support system, a test system and a piping system; the drive system provides power for the seal test bench, the support system provides the seal test bench with the medium required for the experiment, the test system tests the seal test bench, and the piping system connects the support system with the seal test bench; the seal test bench comprises a turntable, a seal test piece and a shell, the seal test piece is arranged at the contact portion between the turntable annulus and the shell; the side wall of the turntable and the end of the shell close to the drive system form an empty chamber, and the side wall of the turntable and the end of the shell away from the drive system form a hollow chamber The turntable is connected to the drive system with a cantilever structure. The sealing test piece includes a carbon ring seal and a comb seal. The comb seal adopts a modular structure with various gap specifications. The guarantee system includes an air source system and an oil source system. The air source system includes an air supply system, a liquid nitrogen supply system and a vacuum system. The test system includes a control device, an electric heater, a valve group, a speed encoder, a pressure meter, a temperature meter and a flow meter. The flow meter adopts a redundant configuration with multiple measurement principles. The speed encoder is used to measure the real-time speed of the turntable.

[0008] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned deep-low temperature axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device, the sealing test piece is installed and fixed on the shell, a fixed gap is maintained between the carbon ring seal and the turntable, and the gap between the comb tooth seal and the turntable is adjusted by replacing comb tooth seals of different specifications.

[0009] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned deep-low temperature axial flow compressor dynamic sealing test device, the drive system includes a frequency converter, a motor, a coupling and a bearing component; the bearing component is connected to the motor through a coupling, and the frequency converter is connected to the motor; the bearing component includes a bearing box and a drive shaft, and the drive shaft is sleeved in the bearing box; the turntable includes a first rotating component and a second rotating component, the first rotating component is connected to the drive shaft, and the second rotating component is connected to the first rotating component; the shell includes a first component, a second component and a third component, and the inner surfaces of the first component, the second component and the third component are all installed with an insulation layer; the first component is arranged on the bearing box, and together with the first rotating component, forms the vent chamber; the second component is located between the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal, and is respectively installed and fixed on the support parts of the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal; the third component is arranged on the support part of the comb tooth seal; the turntable, the third component of the shell and the comb tooth seal together form the pressure chamber.

[0010] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned deep-cryogenic axial compressor dynamic seal test device, the air supply system fills the sealing chamber with sealing gas for the test and the pressure chamber with air for the test, and the liquid nitrogen supply system fills the pressure chamber with low-temperature nitrogen for the test. The air and low-temperature nitrogen in the pressure chamber are filled in a mutually exclusive manner, and the sealing gas, air and low-temperature nitrogen are all pressure-adjustable.

[0011] This solution provides a dynamic seal test method for a cryogenic axial compressor. The method is implemented using a dynamic seal test device. The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is used as a reference. Based on the principle of constant differential pressure control, the control device automatically adjusts the absolute pressure of the sealed chamber. The gas leakage rate of the sealed chamber is obtained by measuring the air flow rate discharged to the atmosphere or sucked from the atmosphere by the vent chamber.

[0012] The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is calculated as follows:

[0013]

[0014] Where, P1 is the final pressure chamber pressure, P 11 ~P 1n is the absolute pressure measured by n pressure instruments, where n ≥ 3;

[0015] The automatic control method of the absolute pressure of the sealed chamber is as follows:

[0016] P2=P1+ΔP

[0017] Where P2 is the target pressure of the sealed chamber, P1 is the pressure of the pressure chamber, and ΔP is the fixed differential pressure whose value can be adjusted.

[0018] The gas leakage is calculated as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Where Q is the final gas leakage amount, n * The flow rate measured by a flow meter, where n * ≥2.

[0021] In this solution, under each comb tooth seal gap specification condition, it includes two temperature conditions, normal temperature and low temperature, and two test methods, pressurization and negative pressure. The corresponding pressure chamber has two temperature environments, normal temperature and low temperature, and two pressure environments, pressurization and negative pressure, and specifically includes test contents of normal temperature pressurization, normal temperature negative pressure, and low temperature pressurization; the low temperature and pressure environments each include several temperature and pressure steps; the sealing chamber of the normal temperature pressurization test is divided into two states, non-inflated and inflated. In the non-inflated state, the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal combination is tested. In the inflated state, the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal is first tested, and then the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal combination is tested. The sealing chamber of the normal temperature negative pressure test is not inflated, and the sealing chamber of the low temperature pressurization test is inflated; the turntable includes two working conditions, rotating and non-rotating. The rotating working condition includes several speed steps, and the comb tooth seal gap includes multiple specifications;

[0022] The pressure chamber temperature is calculated as follows:

[0023]

[0024] Where T1 is the final pressure chamber temperature, n ** The temperature measured by a temperature instrument, where n ** ≥3.

[0025] The steps of the normal temperature pressurization test in this scheme are as follows:

[0026] S0. Initial state: The comb seal clearance is X1. The drive system, support system, and piping system are all closed. The sealing chamber, vent chamber, and pressure chamber are all at room temperature and pressure. The turntable is stationary and recorded as speed step N1.

[0027] S1. Open the valve group of the evacuation chamber exhaust pipeline, operate the air supply system, and use the control device to close the loop to control the valve group of the pressure chamber charging pipeline in the air supply system to inflate the pressure chamber to increase its pressure. The pressure increase rate is ≤ M. The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is measured in real time by multiple pressure instruments. According to the absolute pressure calculation method of the pressure chamber, the absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is calculated until the first pressure step P is reached. 1-1 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%.

[0028] S2. Measure the flow rate in real time through multiple flow meters on the exhaust pipe of the vent chamber, and record the gas leakage Q according to the gas leakage calculation method. 11-1 , record P 1-1 , N1;

[0029] S3. Operate the oil source system and drive system sequentially to increase the turntable speed. The acceleration rate is ≤ V. The speed encoder measures the turntable speed in real time until it reaches N2 and then maintains it.

[0030] S4. Follow the same steps as S2 to measure and record Q 11-2 , record P 1-1 , N2;

[0031] S5. Accelerate the turntable to N3 at the same rate as S3 and maintain the speed.

[0032] S6. Follow the same steps as S2 to measure and record Q 11-3 , record P 1-1 , N3;

[0033] S7. Follow the same steps as S5 and S6 to measure and record N4~N m Q under working conditions 11-4 ~Q 11-m , where m≥6, record P 1-1 、N4~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the first pressure condition W of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-1 test;

[0034] S8. Follow the same steps as S1 to continue to inflate the pressure chamber until the pressure reaches P 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%.

[0035] S9. Follow the same steps as S4 and S7 to measure and record N1 to N m Q under working conditions 12-1 ~Q 12-m , record P 1-2 、N1~N m , restore N1 state; at this point, the second pressure condition W of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-2 test;

[0036] S10. Follow the same steps as S8-S9 to measure and record the pressure chamber at P 1-3 ~P 1-k , where k≥6, N1~N m Q under working conditions 13-1 ~Q 13-m , Q 14-1 ~Q 14-m …Q 1k-1 ~Q 1k-m , record P 1-3 ~P 1-k 、N1~N m, restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, complete the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation of all pressure conditions W 1-k test;

[0037] S11. Follow the same steps as S8 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber; open the valve group of the sealed chamber inflation pipeline in the air supply system to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber; the control device controls P2 to be consistent with P1, and when P2 and P1 both reach P 1-1 After that, the control device maintains the pressure, and the pressure value is recorded when the difference between P2 and P1 is ≤ BkPa. The current pressure state is recorded as P 2-1 and P 1-1 ;

[0038] S12. Follow the same steps as S9 to measure and record N1 to N m Q under working conditions 21-1 ~Q 21-m , record P 1-1 、P 2-1 and N1~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal is tested. 2-1 test;

[0039] S13. Follow the same steps as S11 to S12 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at P 1-2 ~P 1-k and P 2-2 ~P 2-k , N1~N m Q under working conditions 22-1 ~Q 22-m , Q 23-1 ~Q 23-m …Q 2k-1 ~Q 2k-m , record P 1-2 ~P 1-k 、P 2-2 ~P 2-k and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, complete the normal temperature pressurization test. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal are tested. 2-k test;

[0040] S14. Follow the same steps as S11 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber until P1 reaches P 1-1 The control device controls P2 to be higher than P1 and maintains a constant differential pressure ΔP1. When the fluctuation of ΔP1 is ≤ C%, the pressure value is recorded. The current pressure state is recorded as P 2-11 and P1-1 ;

[0041] S15. Follow the same steps as S12 to measure and record N1~N m Q under working conditions 31-1 ~Q 31-m , record P 1-1 、P 2-11 , ΔP1 and N1~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested. 3-1 test;

[0042] S16. Follow the same steps as S14 and S15 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber at P 1-2 ~P 1-k and P 2-12 ~P 2-1k , N1~N m Q under working conditions 32-1 ~Q 32-m , Q 33-1 ~Q 33-m …Q 3k-1 ~Q 3k-m , record P 1-2 ~P 1-k 、P 2-12 ~P 2-1k , ΔP1 and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 3-k test;

[0043] S17. Follow the same steps as S14 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber, control P2 to be higher than P1 and maintain a constant differential pressure ΔP2. The current pressure states are recorded as P 2-21 and P 1-1 ;

[0044] S18. Follow the same steps as S15 to measure and record N1~N m Q under working conditions 41-1 ~Q 41-m , record P 1-1 、P 2-21 , ΔP2 and N1~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP2, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested. 4-1test;

[0045] S19. Follow the same steps as S16 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at P 1-2 ~P 1-k and P 2-22 ~P 2-2k , N1~N m Q under working conditions 42-1 ~Q 42-m , Q 43-1 ~Q 43-m …Q 4k-1 ~Q 4k-m , record P 1-2 ~P 1-k 、P 2-22 ~P 2-2k , ΔP2 and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP2, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 4-k test;

[0046] S20. Follow the same steps as S17 to S19 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at P 1-1 ~P 1-k , P 2-31 ~P 2-3k 、P 2-41 ~P 2-4k …P 2-q1 ~P 2-qk , where q≥3, N1~N m Q under working conditions 5k-1 ~Q 5k-m , Q 6k-1 ~Q 6k-m …Q (q+2)k-1 ~Q (q+2)k-m , record P 1-1 ~P 1-k 、P 2-31 ~P 2-3k 、P 2-41 ~P 2-4k …P 2-q1 ~P 2-qk , ΔP3~ΔP q and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, the pressurization test is completed in the sealed chamber and all the differential pressure steps ΔP with the pressure chamber pressure are completed. q Under the condition of all pressure conditions W for the combination of carbon ring seal and comb seal (q+2)-k test.

[0047] The steps of the normal temperature negative pressure test in this scheme are as follows:

[0048] S′0. Initial state: Same as S0, the turntable is stationary and is recorded as speed step N′1;

[0049] S'1. Open the valve group of the evacuation chamber exhaust pipeline and the valve group of the vacuum system pipeline, operate the vacuum system, extract gas from the pressure chamber to reduce its pressure, and control the pressure reduction rate ≤ G through the control device. Follow the same steps as S1 to obtain the absolute pressure P'1 of the pressure chamber until the first pressure step P' is reached. 1-1 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the stable accuracy is ≤A%;

[0050] S′2. Follow the same steps as S9 to measure and record N′1 to N′ s Gas leakage under working conditions Q' 11-1 ~Q′ 11-s , where s≥5, record P′ 1-1 、N′1~N′ s , restore N'1 state; so far, the first pressure condition W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed 1-1 test;

[0051] S'3. Follow the same steps as S'1 to continue pumping gas from the pressure chamber until the pressure reaches P' 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%.

[0052] S′4. Measure and record N′1 to N′ according to the same steps as S′2. s Q′ under working conditions 12-1 ~Q′ 12-s , record P′ 1-2 、N′1~N′ s , restore N'1 state; so far, the second pressure condition W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed 1-2 test;

[0053] S′5. Follow the same steps as S′3 and S′4 to measure and record the pressure chamber at P′ 1-3 ~P′ 1-t , where t≥4, N′1~N′ s Q′ under working conditions 13-1 ~Q′ 13-s , Q′ 14-1 ~Q′ 14-s …Q′ 1t-1 ~Q′ 1t-s , record P′ 1-3 ~P′ 1-t、N′1~N′ s , restore N'1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, complete the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation of all pressure conditions W' 1-t test.

[0054] The low-temperature pressurization test steps in this scheme are as follows:

[0055] S″0. Initial state: Same as S0 state, the turntable is stationary and is recorded as speed step N″0;

[0056] S″1. Follow the same steps as S3, increase the speed of the turntable to N″1 and maintain it;

[0057] S″2 opens the valve group of the vent pipe of the empty chamber, operates the liquid nitrogen supply system, and fills the pressure chamber with low-temperature nitrogen to cool it and increase its pressure; according to the same steps as S11, the sealed chamber is inflated and pressurized and P2 is controlled to be consistent with P1 until both P2 and P1 reach the first pressure step P″ 1-1 After that, the control device maintains the pressure and records the current pressure state P″ 2-1 and P″ 1-1 The control device controls the cooling rate ≤ Y, and measures the temperature of the pressure chamber in real time through multiple temperature instruments, and calculates the temperature of the pressure chamber according to the pressure chamber temperature calculation method until the first temperature step T is reached. 1-1 After that, the control device will maintain the temperature and record the temperature value after the temperature stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤D%.

[0058] S″3 follows the same steps as S9, and measures and records N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 11-1 ~Q″ 11-r , where r≥4, record T 1-1 , P″ 1-1 、N″1~N″ r And the sealing chamber temperature T 21-11 ~T 21-1r , Vent chamber temperature T 31-11 ~T 31-1r , restore N″1 state;

[0059] S″4 hold T 1-1 , follow the same steps as S″2 and continue to inflate the pressure chamber until it reaches P″ 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%.

[0060] S″5 follows the same steps as S″3, and measures and records N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 12-1 ~Q″ 12-r , record T1-1 , P″ 1-2 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-21 ~T 21-2r 、T 31-21 ~T 31-2r , restore N″1 state;

[0061] S″6 follows the same steps as S″4 to S″5, and measures and records T 1-1 Temperature environment, P″ 1-3 ~P″ 1- k pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 13-1 ~Q″ 13-r , Q″ 14-1 ~Q″ 14-r …Q″ 1k-1 ~Q″ 1k-r , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-3 ~P″ 1-k 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-31 ~T 21-3r 、T 21-41 ~T 21-4r …T 21-k1 ~T 21-kr 、T 31-31 ~T 31-3r 、T 31-41 ~T 31-4r …T 31-k1 ~T 31-kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, the carbon ring seal is subjected to all pressure conditions W" in the first temperature environment. 1-1 test;

[0062] S″7 maintain P″ 1-1 , follow the same steps as S″2, continue to fill the pressure chamber with gas and cool it down until it reaches T 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the temperature and record the temperature value after the temperature stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤D%.

[0063] S″8 follows the same steps as S″3 and S″6, measures and records T 1-2 Temperature environment, P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1- k pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 21-1 ~Q″ 21-r , Q″ 22-1 ~Q″ 22-r …Q″2k-1 ~Q″ 2k-r , record T 1-2 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k 、N″1~N″ r and T 22-11 ~T 22-1r 、T 22-21 ~T 22-2r …T 22-k1 ~T 23-kr 、T 32-11 ~T 32-1r 、T 32-21 ~T 32-2r …T 32-k1 ~T 33-kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W" of the second temperature environment of the carbon ring seal are tested. 1-2 test;

[0064] S″9 follows the same steps as S″7 to S″8, and measures and records T 1-3 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k Pressure environment, where u≥4, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 3k-1 ~Q″ 3k-r , Q″ 4k-1 ~Q″ 4k-r …Q″ uk-1 ~Q″ uk-r , record T 1-3 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k 、N″1~N″ r and T 23-k1 ~T 23-kr 、T 24-k1 ~T 24-kr …T 2u-k1 ~T 2u-kr 、T 33-k1 ~T 33-kr 、T 34-k1 ~T 34-kr …T 3u-k1 ~T 3u-kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 Status, restore T 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W" of the carbon ring seal in all temperature environments are tested. 1-u test;

[0065] S″10Keep T 1-1 and P″ 1-1 , follow the same steps as S″2, inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber, control P2 to be higher than P1 and maintain a constant differential pressure ΔP1, and when the fluctuation of ΔP1 is ≤ C%, record the current pressure state P″ 1-1 and P″ 2-11 ;

[0066] S″11 Follow the same steps as S″8 to measure and record T 1-1 Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 1k-1k1 ~Q″ 1k-1kr , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-1k1 ~T 21-1kr 、T 31-1k1 ~T 31-1kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in the first temperature environment. 2-1 test;

[0067] S″12 follows the same steps as S″9, measures and records T 1-2 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 2k-1k1 ~Q″ 2k-1kr , Q″ 3k-1k1 ~Q″ 3k-1kr …Q″ uk-1k1 ~Q″ uk-1kr , record T 1-2 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k 、N″1~N″r and T 22-1k1 ~T 22-1kr 、T 23-1k1 ~T 23-1kr …T 2u-1k1 ~T 2u-1kr 、T 32-1k1 ~T 32-1kr 、T 33-1k1 ~T 33-1kr …T 3u-1k1 ~T 3u-1kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 Status, restore T 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in all temperature environments. 2-u test;

[0068] S″13 follows the same steps as S″10 to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber, controlling P2 to be higher than P1 and maintaining a constant differential pressure ΔP2. When the fluctuation of ΔP2 is ≤ C%, the current pressure state is recorded as P″ 1-1 and P″ 2-21 ;

[0069] S″14 Follow the same steps as S″12 to measure and record T 1-1 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-21 ~P″ 2-2k Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 1k-2k1 ~Q″ 1k-2kr , Q″ 2k-2k1 ~Q″ 2k-2kr …Q″ uk-2k1 ~Q″ uk-2kr , record T 1-1 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-21 ~P″ 2-2k 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-2k1 ~T 21-2kr 、T 22-2k1 ~T 21-2kr …T 2u-2k1 ~T 2u-2kr 、T 31-2k1 ~T 31-2kr 、T 32-2k1 ~T 32-2kr …T3u-2k1 ~T 3u-2kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 Status, restore T 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP2, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in all temperature environments. 3-u test;

[0070] S″15 Follow the same steps as S″13 and S″14 to measure and record T 1-1 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-q1 ~P″ 2-qk Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions uk-3k1 ~Q″ uk-3kr , Q″ uk-4k1 ~Q″ uk-4kr …Q″ uk-qk1 ~Q″ uk-qkr , record T 1-1 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-q1 ~P″ 2-qk 、N″1~N″ r and T 2u-3k1 ~T 2u-3kr 、T 2u-4k1 ~T 2u-4kr …T 2u-qk1 ~T 2u-qkr 、T 3u-3k1 ~T 3u-3kr 、T 3u-4k1 ~T 3u-4kr …T 3u-qk1 ~T 3u-qkr , restore N″1 state, restore normal temperature and pressure state; at this point, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. The sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP q Under all conditions, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested under all pressure conditions W" in all temperature environments. (q+1)-u test.

[0071] Adjust the initial comb seal clearance specifications to X2, X3...X z , where z ≥ 3, follow the same steps to measure and record the results and parameters under each test condition.

[0072] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0073] 1. The test working fluid used in the present invention includes deep-cryogenic and high-pressure nitrogen. Compared with existing normal-temperature air, carbon dioxide, and low-temperature and normal-pressure nitrogen, it further expands the physical and chemical properties and application range of the test working fluid, achieving a beneficial development of the existing technology.

[0074] 2. The sealing test piece used in the present invention is a composite piece with various structural forms. During the test, the decoupling test and the combined test of the sealing test piece can be achieved by adjusting the local working conditions. Compared with the existing technology, the test efficiency is greatly improved.

[0075] 3. The test device proposed in the present invention is suitable for coupled test conditions of large temperature range, large load, and large speed range, ranging from room temperature to deep low temperature, negative pressure to boost pressure, and static state to high speed. It makes up for the deficiency that the existing technology cannot implement such complex test conditions or can only implement some of the test conditions, thereby improving the capabilities of the existing technology.

[0076] 4. The test method proposed in the present invention details the entire process of test flow, working condition adjustment, data recording, etc. It is the first systematic and complete test method for dynamic sealing devices proposed in the prior art, which broadens the research scope and depth of the prior art and fills the technical gap of the prior art.

[0077] 5. The layout of the sealing test bench, drive system, support system and other devices adopted in the present invention, the structural forms of the sealing test piece, sealing chamber, venting chamber, insulation layer, etc., the proposed temperature, pressure, speed and other steps, adjustment methods, change rates and judgment basis, as well as the data monitoring and recording methods, and the test steps taken are all consistent with the operating conditions of the deep-cryogenic axial flow compressor, and can provide sufficient technical support for the operation of the deep-cryogenic axial flow compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the test device of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 2 This is a distribution diagram of the test conditions in the present invention;

[0080] Figure 3 It is the overall flow chart of the test of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the normal temperature test in the present invention;

[0082] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the low temperature test in the present invention;

[0083] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the test device in the present invention;

[0084] Figure numerals: 1. Flowmeter A; 2. Flowmeter B; 3. Pressure transmitter; 4. Valve group; 5. Speed encoder; 6. Coupling; 7. Drive shaft; 8. Bearing box; 9. Housing; 10. Thermal resistor; 11. Turntable; 12. Vent chamber; 13. Pressure chamber; 14. Electric heater; 15. Carbon ring seal; 16. Sealed chamber; 17. Comb seal; 18. Insulation layer; 19. Oil source system; 20. Motor; 21. Frequency converter; 22. Air supply system; 23. Liquid nitrogen supply system; 24. Vacuum system; 9-1. First component; 9-2. Second component; 9-3. Third component; 11-1. First rotating component; 11-2. Second rotating component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0086] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0087] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a predetermined direction, be constructed and operated in a predetermined direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0088] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0089] Example 1

[0090] The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0091] A deep-low temperature axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device includes a sealing test bench, a drive system, a guarantee system, a test system, a piping system and other test devices, including but not limited to various test methods such as normal temperature pressurization, normal temperature negative pressure, and low temperature pressurization.

[0092] A deep low temperature axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device, the device equipment is as follows Figure 1As shown. The sealing test bench consists of a turntable 11, a sealing test piece 15, a comb seal 17, and a housing 9. It contains three chambers: a sealing chamber 16, an evacuation chamber 12, and a pressure chamber 13. The drive system consists of a frequency converter 21, a motor 20, a coupling 6, a drive shaft 7, and a bearing housing 8. The motor is an adjustable-speed AC variable-frequency motor. The support system includes an air source system and an oil source system. The air source system consists of an air supply system 22, a liquid nitrogen supply system 23, and a vacuum system 24. The test system includes a control device, an electric heater 14, a valve group 4, a speed encoder 5, and instruments such as a pressure meter 3, a temperature meter 10, a flow meter A1, and a flow meter B2. The piping system provides process pipelines for the entire test device.

[0093] The turntable 11 adopts a cantilever structure and is composed of a first rotating component 11-1 and a second rotating component 11-2. The first rotating component 11-1 is connected to the driving shaft 7 in the driving system, and the second rotating component 11-2 is connected to the first rotating component 11-1. The driving shaft 7 in the bearing component is driven by the AC variable frequency motor in the driving system to drive the turntable 11 to rotate and can realize speed adjustment, thereby simulating the variable speed state of the deep low temperature axial flow compressor rotor.

[0094] The sealing test piece includes a carbon ring seal 15 and a comb tooth seal 17, both of which are mounted and fixed on the housing 9. A fixed gap is maintained between the carbon ring seal 15 and the turntable 11. The comb tooth seal 17 adopts a modular structure with a variety of gap specifications, that is, the gap between the comb tooth seal 17 and the turntable 11 can be adjusted by replacing comb tooth seals of different specifications.

[0095] The shell 9 is composed of a first component 9-1, a second component 9-2 and a third component 9-3. The inner surface of each component is installed with an insulating layer 18, which is used for thermal insulation protection after the pressure chamber 13 is filled with low-temperature nitrogen. The first component 9-1 is installed and fixed on the bearing box 8 of the bearing component, and together with the first rotating component 11-1 of the turntable 11, forms the vent chamber 12. The vent chamber 12 is a cavity for accommodating test leakage gas. The first component 9-1 of the shell where the vent chamber 12 is located is opened, and is connected to the vent pipeline through the pipeline system, which is used to discharge the sealing gas leaked from the sealing chamber 16 through the gap between the carbon ring seal 15 and the turntable 11, or the air sucked into the vent chamber 12 through the vent pipeline. Flowmeter A1, flowmeter B2, pressure transmitter 3 and valve group 4 are installed on the vent pipeline. Flowmeter A1 and flowmeter B2 are arranged in multiple units and adopt different measurement principles, which can improve the measurement accuracy. At the same time, flow measurement can be realized when the airflow flows in the forward and reverse directions. The arithmetic average of multiple measuring points is taken as the final flow rate. The pressure transmitter 3 measures the airflow pressure of the vent pipeline. The valve group 4 uses a stop valve to only control the on-off of the vent pipeline. The second component 9-2 is located between the carbon ring seal 15 and the comb-tooth seal 17, and is respectively fixed on the support members of the carbon ring seal 15 and the comb-tooth seal 17; the third component 9-3 is fixed on the support member of the comb-tooth seal 17, and an electric heater 14 and a pressure transmitter 3 are installed on the outer wall. The electric heater 14 adopts a multi-point arrangement to improve the heating efficiency and improve the temperature uniformity of the air or low-temperature nitrogen in the pressure chamber 13. The pressure transmitter 3 also adopts a multi-point arrangement to monitor the air or low-temperature nitrogen pressure at multiple locations and take the arithmetic average of multiple measuring points as the final pressure; the turntable 11, the third component 9-3 of the shell and the comb-tooth seal 17 together form the pressure chamber 13. The pressure chamber 13 is a fully enclosed cavity for accommodating test gas. The carbon ring seal, comb-tooth seal, shell and the turntable together form the sealed chamber

[0096] The sealed chamber 16, the vent chamber 12, and the pressure chamber 13 are all equipped with thermal resistors 10, which are mainly used to monitor the temperature inside the chamber during the low-temperature pressurization test. The thermal resistors 10-3 and 10-4 of the pressure chamber 13 are arranged at multiple points, which can monitor the temperature inside the chamber at different positions, and take the arithmetic average of multiple measurement points as the final temperature. During the low-temperature pressurization test, the low-temperature and high-pressure nitrogen in the pressure chamber 13 may leak into the sealed chamber 16 through the gap between the comb seal 17 and the turntable 11, or the temperature of the sealed chamber 16 may be reduced by heat transfer, and the low-temperature sealing gas in the chamber will then leak into the vent chamber 12. Therefore, the temperature of each chamber needs to be monitored in real time, and the temperature also needs to be recorded during the test.

[0097] A speed encoder 5 is installed at the free end of the motor to accurately measure the speed of the entire shaft system including the motor, coupling 6, drive shaft 7 and turntable 11, and record it as a test parameter.

[0098] The air supply system connects the pressure chamber 13 and the sealed chamber 16 via the piping system, providing room-temperature dry air to the pressure chamber 13 and the sealed chamber 16. The air supply pipeline is equipped with a flowmeter B2, a pressure transmitter 3, and a valve assembly 4. The flowmeter B2 and the pressure transmitter 3 respectively measure the airflow rate and pressure of their respective air supply pipelines. The valve assembly 4 regulates the pressure and rate of inflation in the pressure chamber 13, and controls whether the sealed chamber 16 is inflated and the inflation pressure. The valve assembly 4 includes a shutoff valve, a regulating valve, and a check valve. The shutoff valve is used to cut off the dry air flow path, the regulating valve is used to control the dry air pressure and flow, and the check valve is used to prevent reverse flow. The check valve in the air supply line of the sealed chamber 16 is used to prevent the high-pressure airflow inside the pressure chamber 13 from flowing back when the sealed chamber 16 is not inflated during the pressurization test; the check valve in the air supply line of the pressure chamber 13 is used to prevent the liquid nitrogen supply system from flowing back into the air supply system when charging low-temperature nitrogen into the pressure chamber 13 during the low-temperature test.

[0099] The liquid nitrogen supply system is connected to the pressure chamber 13 via the piping system and is used to supply cryogenic nitrogen to the pressure chamber 13. The cryogenic nitrogen supply pipeline and the ambient temperature dry air supply pipeline are co-piped. With the exception of the valve group 4, which is separately provided, the remaining flowmeter B2 and pressure transmitter 3 are shared with the ambient temperature dry air supply pipeline, making the piping system layout more concise and efficient. The valve group 4 includes a shutoff valve, a regulating valve, and a check valve. Due to the co-pipe design, cryogenic nitrogen and ambient temperature dry air are mutually exclusive, meaning that only one gas can be introduced into the pressure chamber 13 at a time. The shutoff valve is used to cut off the cryogenic nitrogen flow path, the regulating valve is used to control the pressure and cooling rate of the cryogenic nitrogen filling the pressure chamber 13, and the check valve is used to prevent the reverse flow of dry air from the air supply system into the liquid nitrogen supply system during ambient temperature testing.

[0100] The vacuum system, connected to the pressure chamber 13 via the piping system, is used to extract air from the chamber, maintaining varying degrees of vacuum within the chamber. The exhaust pipeline is equipped with a flowmeter B2, a pressure transmitter 3, and a valve assembly 4. Flowmeter B2 measures the suction flow rate, which also serves as a comparison value for the arithmetic mean of the measurements taken by flowmeters A1 and B2 in the venting pipeline during the normal temperature negative pressure test. Valve assembly 4 includes a shutoff valve and a regulating valve. The shutoff valve blocks the dry air flow path, while the regulating valve adjusts the rate of exhaust from the pressure chamber 13.

[0101] A method for testing the dynamic seal of a cryogenic axial flow compressor is implemented using the above-mentioned cryogenic axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device. By measuring the air flow rate discharged to the atmosphere or sucked from the atmosphere by the vent chamber 12, the gas leakage of the sealed chamber 16 is obtained. Under the clearance specification conditions of each comb seal, two temperature conditions, normal temperature and low temperature, and two test methods, pressurization and negative pressure, are included. The corresponding pressure chamber 13 has two temperature environments, normal temperature and low temperature, and two pressure environments, pressurization and negative pressure. Figure 2 As shown, it specifically includes multiple test contents such as normal temperature pressurization, normal temperature negative pressure, and low temperature pressurization.

[0102] Whether performing a normal temperature test or a low temperature test, the gas pressure in the pressure chamber 13 must be regulated. The control device collects the pressure of the pressure chamber 13 in real time and controls the pressure by adjusting the regulating valve on the corresponding pipeline. Specifically, multiple pressure transmitters 3 installed on the outer wall of the third component 9-3 of the housing measure the internal pressure of the pressure chamber 13 in real time. The arithmetic average of the multiple measurement points is fed back to the control device as the final pressure. The control device sets the target pressure and performs closed-loop control based on the feedback pressure, achieving pressure control by controlling the opening of the regulating valve.

[0103] The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber 13 is calculated as follows:

[0104]

[0105] Where, P1 is the final pressure of the pressure chamber 13, P 11 ~P 1n The absolute pressure measured by n (n≥3) pressure transmitters.

[0106] Whether performing a normal temperature or low temperature test, the sealing gas pressure in the sealed chamber 16 is automatically adjusted by the control device based on the principle of constant differential pressure control, using the absolute pressure of the pressure chamber 13 as a reference. Specifically, the control device sets a target constant differential pressure value, uses the resulting pressure of the pressure chamber 13 as feedback pressure, and performs closed-loop control, controlling the opening of the regulating valve to achieve pressure control.

[0107] The automatic control method of the absolute pressure of the sealed chamber 16 is as follows:

[0108] P2=P1+ΔP

[0109] Wherein, P2 is the target pressure of the sealing chamber 16, P1 is the pressure of the pressure chamber 13, and ΔP is a fixed differential pressure whose value can be adjusted.

[0110] The temperature calculation method of the pressure chamber 13 is as follows:

[0111]

[0112] Where, T1 is the final obtained temperature of the pressure chamber 13, n ** (n ** ≥3) Thermocouples to measure the temperature.

[0113] The gas leakage calculation method is as follows:

[0114]

[0115] Where Q is the final gas leakage amount, n * (n * ≥2) flow rates measured by flow meters.

[0116] The low temperature and pressure environments include several temperature and pressure steps respectively, and the temperature and pressure as a combination of conditions together constitute the test conditions. Figure 2 As shown, the sealed chamber for the normal temperature pressurization test operates in two states: uninflated and inflated. In the uninflated state, the air supply system's sealed chamber 16's air supply line valves are closed, testing the combined gas leakage of the carbon ring seal 15 and comb seal 17. In the inflated state, a decoupling test is performed, testing the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal 15 first, followed by the combined gas leakage of the carbon ring seal 15 and comb seal 17. The normal temperature negative pressure test operates in an uninflated state, testing the air drawn into the vent chamber 12 via the vent line. The low temperature pressurization test operates in an inflated state, testing both gas leakage and preventing the leakage of low-temperature, high-pressure nitrogen. The turntable operates in both rotating and non-rotating conditions. The rotating condition includes several speed steps, adjusted from low to high. The comb seal gaps are available in a variety of sizes, and the modular design allows for quick and convenient replacement.

[0117] The overall process of the dynamic sealing test method is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the test was conducted first at normal temperature and then at low temperature. The normal temperature test used dry air provided by the air supply system. By adjusting the pressure of the pressure chamber 13, the pressure of the sealed chamber 16, and the rotation speed of the turntable 11, the normal temperature pressurization test and the normal temperature negative pressure test were completed in sequence. The low temperature test required the use of both low-temperature nitrogen provided by the liquid nitrogen supply system and dry air provided by the air supply system. The rotation speed of the turntable 11, the temperature of the pressure chamber 13, the pressure of the pressure chamber 13, and the pressure of the sealed chamber 16 were adjusted.

[0118] The symbols of the variables involved in the dynamic seal test method are shown in Table 1, the test state ladder is shown in Table 2, the test parameter record is shown in Table 3, and the parameter settings of the variables in the embodiment are shown in Table 4.

[0119] Table 1 Experimental variable symbol table

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] Table 2 Test status ladder table

[0123]

[0124] Table 3 Test parameter list (a) Normal temperature pressurization test (comb seal gap x1)

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] (b) Negative pressure test at room temperature (comb seal gap X1)

[0128]

[0129]

[0130]

[0131]

[0132]

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] (c) Low temperature pressurization test (comb seal gap X1) Table 4 Example parameter setting table

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Example 2

[0139] Normal temperature pressurization test, the test process is as follows Figure 4 The specific steps are as follows:

[0140] S0. Initial state: The comb seal gap specification is 0.45 mm. The drive system, support system, and piping system are all in the closed state. The sealing chamber, vent chamber, and pressure chamber are all at normal temperature and pressure. The turntable is in a stationary state and is recorded as the speed step N1 (r / min), that is, N1 = 0 r / min.

[0141] S1. Open the shut-off valve of the exhaust line of the evacuated chamber, operate the air supply system, open the shut-off valve of the inflation line of the pressure chamber in the air supply system, control the regulating valve in a closed loop through the control device, inflate the pressure chamber to increase its pressure, and the pressure increase rate is ≤0.3kPa / s. The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is measured in real time through multiple pressure transmitters, and according to the method for calculating the absolute pressure of the pressure chamber as described in claim 5, the control device maintains the pressure until the first pressure step of 150kPa is reached, and records the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤0.1%.

[0142] S2. Measure the flow rate in real time by using multiple flow meters on the exhaust pipe of the vent chamber, and record the gas leakage amount Q according to the gas leakage calculation method described in claim 5. 11-1 (kg / s), record P 1-1 , 0r / min.

[0143] S3. Operate the oil source system and drive system in sequence to increase the speed of the turntable. The acceleration rate should be ≤9.5r / s. 2 The speed encoder measures the turntable speed in real time and maintains it until it reaches 200r / min.

[0144] S4. Follow the same steps as S2 to measure and record Q 11-2 , record P 1-1 、N2.

[0145] S5. Using the same acceleration rate as S3, increase the turntable speed to 462 r / min and maintain it.

[0146] S6. Follow the same steps as S2 to measure and record Q 11-3 , record P 1-1 、N3.

[0147] S7. Follow the same steps as S5 and S6 to measure and record Q at 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min. 11-4 ~Q 11-6 , record P 1-1 , N4~N6, and return to 0r / min state. So far, the first pressure condition W of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-1 test.

[0148] S8. Continue to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber in the same manner as S1 until it reaches 200 kPa. The control device maintains this pressure and records the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes to an accuracy of ≤0.1%.

[0149] S9. Follow the same steps as S4 and S7 to measure and record Q at 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min. 12-1 ~Q 12-6 , record P 1-2 , N1~N6, return to 0r / min state. So far, the second pressure condition W of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-2 test.

[0150] S10. Follow the same steps as S8-S9 to measure and record the Q of the pressure chamber at 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa, 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min. 13-1 ~Q 13-6 , Q 14-1 ~Q 14-6 …Q 16-1 ~Q 16-6 , record P 1-3 ~P 1-6 , N1~N6, return to 0r / min state, and return to normal pressure state. So far, all pressure conditions of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation are completed. 1-6 test.

[0151] S11. Follow the same steps as S8 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber; open the valve group of the sealed chamber inflation line in the air supply system to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber. The control device controls P2 to be consistent with P1. When P2 and P1 both reach 150 kPa, the control device maintains the pressure. When the difference between P2 and P1 is ≤ 0.02 kPa, the pressure value is recorded. The current pressure state is recorded as P 2-1 and P 1-1 .

[0152] S12. Follow the same steps as S9 to measure and record the Q under 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min conditions. 21-1 ~Q 21-6 , record P 1-1 、P 2-1 At this point, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. In the state of the sealed chamber being inflated, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal is tested. 2-1 test.

[0153] S13. Follow the same steps as S11-S12 to measure and record the Q values of the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa, 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min respectively. 22-1 ~Q 22-6 , Q 23-1 ~Q 23-6 …Q 26-1 ~Q 26-6 , record P 1-2 ~P 1-6 、P 2-2 ~P 2-6 and N1~N6, restore to 0r / min state, and restore to normal pressure state. So far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. Under the state of inflating the sealing chamber, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal are tested. 2-6 test.

[0154] S14. Following the same steps as S11, the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber are inflated and pressurized until P1 reaches 150 kPa. The control device controls P2 to be higher than P1 and maintains a constant differential pressure of 5 kPa according to the method of claim 5. When the fluctuation is ≤ 1%, the pressure value is recorded. The current pressure state is recorded as P 2-11 and P 1-1 .

[0155] S15. Follow the same steps as S12 to measure and record Q at 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min. 31-1 ~Q 31-6 , record P 1-1 、P 2-11 , ΔP1 and N1~N6, and return to 0r / min state. So far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealing chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 5kPa, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested. 3-1 test.

[0156] S16. Follow the same steps as S14 and S15 to measure and record the Q of the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber at 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa and 205kPa, 255kPa, 305kPa, 355kPa, 455kPa, 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, 901r / min, respectively. 32-1 ~Q 32-6 , Q33-1 ~Q 33-6 …Q 36-1 ~Q 36-6 , record P 1-2 ~P 1-6 、P 2-12 ~P 2-16 , ΔP1 and N1~N6, restore to 0r / min state, and restore to normal pressure state. So far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealing chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 5kPa, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 3-6 test.

[0157] S17. Follow the same steps as S14 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber, control P2 to be higher than P1 and maintain a constant differential pressure of 10kPa. The current pressure states are recorded as P 2-21 and P 1-1 .

[0158] S18. Follow the same steps as S15 to measure and record Q at 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 901r / min. 41-1 ~Q 41-6 , record P 1-1 、P 2-21 , ΔP2 and N1~N6, and return to 0r / min state. So far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealing chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 10kPa, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested. 4-1 test.

[0159] S19. Follow the same steps as S16 to measure and record the Q of the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber at 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa and 210kPa, 260kPa, 310kPa, 360kPa, 460kPa, 0r / min, 200r / min, 462r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, 901r / min respectively. 42-1 ~Q 42-6 , Q 43-1 ~Q 43-6 …Q 46-1 ~Q 46-6 , record P 1-2 ~P 1-6 、P 2-22 ~P 2-26, ΔP2 and N1~N6, restore to 0r / min state, and restore to normal pressure state. So far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealing chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 10kPa, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 4-6 test.

[0160] S20. Follow the same steps as S17 to S19 to measure and record the Q values of the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at 150 kPa, 200 kPa, 250 kPa, 300 kPa, 350 kPa, 450 kPa and 165 kPa, 215 kPa, 265 kPa, 315 kPa, 365 kPa, 465 kPa, and 0 r / min, 200 r / min, 462 r / min, 598 r / min, 785 r / min, and 901 r / min, respectively. 56-1 ~Q 56-6 , record P 1-1 ~P 1-6 、P 2-31 ~P 2-36 , ΔP3 and N1~N6, return to 0r / min state, and return to normal pressure state. So far, the pressurization test is completed. When the sealing chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 15kPa, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 5-6 test.

[0161] Example 3

[0162] Referring to the above embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a normal temperature negative pressure test, the test process is as follows Figure 4 The specific steps are as follows:

[0163] S′0. Initial state: Same as S0 state, the stationary state of the turntable is recorded as speed step N′1, that is, N′1 = 0 r / min.

[0164] S′1. Open the shut-off valve of the evacuation chamber exhaust line and the shut-off valve of the vacuum system line, operate the vacuum system, extract air from the pressure chamber to reduce its pressure, and control the pressure reduction rate to ≤0.2 kPa / s through the control device. Follow the same steps as S1 to obtain the absolute pressure P′1 of the pressure chamber until it reaches the first pressure step of 90 kPa. The control device maintains this pressure and records the pressure value after it stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤0.1%.

[0165] S′2. Follow the same steps as S9 to measure and record the gas leakage Q′ at 0r / min, 200r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 872r / min. 11-1 ~Q′ 11-5 , record P′ 1-1, N'1~N'5, and return to 0r / min state. So far, the first pressure condition W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-1 test.

[0166] S′3. Continue to evacuate the pressure chamber and reduce the pressure by the same steps as S′1 until it reaches 80 kPa. The control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes to an accuracy of ≤0.1%.

[0167] S′4. Follow the same steps as S′2 to measure and record Q′ at 0 r / min, 200 r / min, 598 r / min, 785 r / min, and 872 r / min. 12-1 ~Q′ 12-5 , record P′ 1-2 , N'1~N'5, and return to 0r / min state. So far, the second pressure condition W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-2 test.

[0168] S′5. Follow the same steps as S′3 and S′4 to measure and record the Q′ of the pressure chamber under the conditions of 50kPa, 20kPa, 0r / min, 200r / min, 598r / min, 785r / min, and 872r / min. 13-1 ~Q′ 13-5 , Q′ 14-1 ~Q′ 14-5 , record P′ 1-3 ~P′ 1-4 , N'1~N'5, return to 0r / min state, and return to normal pressure state. So far, all pressure conditions W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation are completed. 1-4 test.

[0169] Example 4

[0170] Referring to the above embodiment 2, this embodiment provides a low temperature pressurization test, the test process is as follows Figure 5 The specific steps are as follows:

[0171] S″0. Initial state: Same as S0 state, the stationary state of the turntable is recorded as speed step N″0, that is, N″0 = 0 r / min.

[0172] S″1. Follow the same steps as S3 to increase the turntable speed to 150r / min and maintain it.

[0173] S″2 opens the shut-off valve of the evacuated chamber exhaust pipe, operates the liquid nitrogen supply system, and fills the pressure chamber with low-temperature nitrogen to cool it down and increase its pressure; following the same steps as S11, the sealed chamber is inflated and pressurized, and P2 is controlled to be consistent with P1 until both P2 and P1 reach the first pressure step of 150kPa. The control device maintains the pressure and records the current pressure state P″ 2-1 and P″ 1-1 The control device controls the cooling rate to ≤0.02K / s, measures the pressure chamber temperature in real time through multiple thermal resistors, and maintains the temperature at the first temperature step of 250K according to the pressure chamber temperature calculation method of claim 6 until the temperature is stabilized to an accuracy of ≤0.5%. The temperature value is recorded after the temperature stabilizes to an accuracy of ≤0.5%.

[0174] S″3 follows the same steps as S9, and measures and records Q″ at 0r / min, 150r / min, 256r / min, and 352r / min. 11-1 ~Q″ 11-4 , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-1 , N″1~N″4 and the sealing chamber temperature T 21-11 ~T 21-14 , Vent chamber temperature T 31-11 ~T 31-14 , restore to 150r / min state.

[0175] S″4 maintains 250K, and continues to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber according to the same steps as S″2 until it reaches 200kPa. The control device maintains the pressure and records the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤0.1%.

[0176] S″5 follows the same steps as S″3, and measures and records Q″ under N″1~N″4 working conditions. 12-1 ~Q″ 12-4 , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-2 , N″1~N″4 and T 21-21 ~T 21-24 、T 31-21 ~T 31-24 , restore to 150r / min state.

[0177] S″6 follows the same steps as S″4 to S″5, and measures and records Q″ under 250K temperature, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa pressure, and 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, and 450r / min conditions. 13-1 ~Q″ 13-4 , Q″ 14-1 ~Q″14-4 …Q″ 16-1 ~Q″ 16-4 , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-3 ~P″ 1-6 , N″1~N″4 and T 21-31 ~T 21-34 、T 21-41 ~T 21-44 …T 21-61 ~T 21-64 、T 31-31 ~T 31-34 、T 31-41 ~T 31-44 …T 31-61 ~T 31-64 , restore to 150r / min state, restore to 150kPa state. So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the state of the sealed chamber being inflated, all pressure conditions W" of the first temperature environment of the carbon ring seal are tested. 1-1 test.

[0178] S″7 maintains 150kPa, and continues to inflate the pressure chamber to cool it down according to the same steps as S″2 until it reaches 200K. The control device maintains this temperature and records the temperature value after the temperature stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤0.5%.

[0179] S″8 follows the same steps as S″3 and S″6, measuring and recording Q″ under 200K temperature environment, 150kPa, 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa pressure environment, 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, 450r / min working conditions. 21-1 ~Q″ 21-4 , Q″ 22-1 ~Q″ 22-4 …Q″ 26-1 ~Q″ 26-4 , record T 1-2 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-6 , N″1~N″4 and T 22-11 ~T 22-14 、T 22-21 ~T 22-24 …T 22-61 ~T 23-64 、T 32-11 ~T 32-14 、T 32-21 ~T 32-24 …T 32-61 ~T 33-64, restore to 150r / min state, restore to 150kPa state. So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the state of the sealed chamber being inflated, all pressure conditions W" of the second temperature environment of the carbon ring seal are tested. 1-2 test.

[0180] S″9 follows the same steps as S″7 to S″8, and measures and records Q″ under 150K, 110K temperature environment, 150kPa, 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa pressure environment, and 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, and 450r / min working conditions. 36-1 ~Q″ 36-4 , Q″ 46-1 ~Q″ 46-4 , record T 1-3 ~T 1-4 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-6 , N″1~N″4 and T 23-61 ~T 23-64 、T 24-61 ~T 24-64 、T 33-61 ~T 33-64 、T 34-61 ~T 34-64 , restore to 150r / min state, restore to 150kPa state, restore to 250K state. So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W" of the carbon ring seal in all temperature environments are tested. 1-4 test.

[0181] S″10 maintains 250K and 150kPa. Follow the same steps as S″2 to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber. Control P2 to be higher than P1 and maintain a constant differential pressure of 5kPa. When the fluctuation is ≤1%, record the current pressure state P″ 1-1 and P″ 2-11 .

[0182] S″11 follows the same steps as S″8 to measure and record Q″ in a 250K temperature environment, at pressures of 150kPa, 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa, and 155kPa, 205kPa, 255kPa, 305kPa, 355kPa, 455kPa, and at operating speeds of 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, and 450r / min in the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber, respectively. 16-161 ~Q″ 16-164 , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-6 , P″2-11 ~P″ 2-16 , N″1~N″4 and T 21-161 ~T 21-164 、T 31-161 ~T 31-164 , restore to 150r / min state, restore to 150kPa state. So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 5kPa, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in the first temperature environment. 2-1 test.

[0183] S″12 follows the same steps as S″9 to measure and record Q″ at 200K, 150K, and 110K temperature environments, and at pressures of 150kPa, 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, and 450kPa in the pressure chamber and sealed chamber, and at pressures of 155kPa, 205kPa, 255kPa, 305kPa, 355kPa, and 455kPa, respectively, and at operating conditions of 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, and 450r / min. 26-161 ~Q″ 26-164 , Q″ 36-161 ~Q″ 36-164 …Q″ 46-161 ~Q″ 46-164 , record T 1-2 ~T 1-4 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-6 , P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-16 , N″1~N″4 and T 22-161 ~T 22-164 、T 23-161 ~T 23-164 …T 24-161 ~T 24-164 、T 32-161 ~T 32-164 、T 33-161 ~T 33-164 …T 34-161 ~T 34-164 , restore to 150r / min state, restore to 150kPa state, restore to 250K state. So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 5kPa, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all temperature environments and all pressure conditions W″ 2-4 test.

[0184] S″13 follows the same steps as S″10 to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber, controlling P2 to be higher than P1 and maintaining a constant differential pressure of 10kPa. When the fluctuation is ≤1%, the current pressure state is recorded as P″ 1-1 and P″ 2-21 .

[0185] S″14 follows the same steps as S″12 to measure and record Q″ at 250K, 200K, 150K, and 110K temperature environments, 150kPa, 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa, and 160kPa, 210kPa, 260kPa, 310kPa, 360kPa, and 460kPa pressure environments in the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber, and 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, and 450r / min. 16-261 ~Q″ 16-264 , Q″ 26-261 ~Q″ 26-264 …Q″ 46-261 ~Q″ 46-264 , record T 1-1 ~T 1-4 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-6 , P″ 2-21 ~P″ 2-26 , N″1~N″4 and T 21-261 ~T 21-264 、T 22-261 ~T 21-264 …T 24-261 ~T 24-264 、T 31-261 ~T 31-264 、T 32-261 ~T 32-264 …T 34-261 ~T 34-264 , restore to 150r / min state, restore to 150kPa state, restore to 250K state. So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 10kPa, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all temperature environments and all pressure conditions W″ 3-4 test.

[0186] S″15 follows the same steps as S″13 and S″14, and measures and records Q″ at 250K, 200K, 150K, and 110K temperature environments, 150kPa, 200kPa, 250kPa, 300kPa, 350kPa, 450kPa, and 165kPa, 215kPa, 265kPa, 315kPa, 365kPa, and 465kPa pressure environments in the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber, and at 150r / min, 256r / min, 352r / min, and 450r / min. 16-361 ~Q″ 16-364 , Q″ 26-361 ~Q″ 26-364 …Q″ 46-361 ~Q″ 46-364 , record T 1-1 ~T 1-4 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-6 , P″ 2-31 ~P″ 2-36 , N″1~N″4 and T 21-361 ~T 21-364 、T 22-361 ~T 22-364 …T 24-361 ~T 24-364 、T 31-361 ~T 31-364 、T 32-361 ~T 32-364 …T 34-361 ~T 34-364 , return to 150r / min state, and return to normal temperature and pressure state. At this point, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is 15kPa, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all temperature environments and all pressure conditions W″ 4-4 test.

[0187] Example 5

[0188] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 4, this embodiment provides a method for adjusting the gap using different comb tooth seals. In the embodiments of the normal temperature pressurization test, the normal temperature negative pressure test, and the low temperature pressurization test, the specification of the comb tooth seal gap is 0.45 mm. The comb tooth seal gap specifications in the initial state of each test are adjusted to 0.3 mm and 0.25 mm, respectively. The same steps are followed, and the results and parameters under each test condition are measured and recorded to complete the test of all gap specifications of the comb tooth seal.

[0189] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-cryogenic axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device, characterized by: The system comprises a sealing test bench, a drive system, a support system, a test system, and a piping system. The drive system provides power for the sealing test bench, the support system provides the medium required for the experiments, the test system performs tests on the sealing test bench, and the piping system connects the support system to the sealing test bench. The sealing test bench comprises a turntable, a sealing test piece, and a housing. The sealing test piece is positioned at the contact point between the turntable's annular surface and the housing. The sidewalls of the turntable and the housing end near the drive system form a vent chamber, while the sidewalls of the turntable and the housing end away from the drive system form a pressure chamber. The turntable's annular surface and the sidewalls of the housing form a sealed chamber. The turntable is connected to the drive system using a cantilever structure. The sealing test piece comprises a carbon ring seal and a comb seal, which adopts a modular structure with various clearance specifications. The support system comprises an air supply system, a liquid nitrogen supply system, and a vacuum system. The test system comprises a control device, an electric heater, a valve group, a speed encoder, a pressure meter, a temperature meter, and a flow meter. The flow meter adopts a redundant configuration using multiple measurement principles, and the speed encoder is used to measure the real-time speed of the turntable.

2. A cryogenic axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing test piece is mounted and fixed on the housing. A fixed gap is maintained between the carbon ring seal and the turntable. The gap between the comb seal and the turntable is adjusted by replacing comb seals of different specifications.

3. A cryogenic axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive system includes a frequency converter, a motor, a coupling and a bearing component; the bearing component is connected to the motor through a coupling, and the frequency converter is connected to the motor; the bearing component includes a bearing box and a drive shaft, and the drive shaft is sleeved in the bearing box; the turntable includes a first rotating component and a second rotating component, the first rotating component is connected to the drive shaft, and the second rotating component is connected to the first rotating component; the shell includes a first component, a second component and a third component, and the inner surfaces of the first component, the second component and the third component are all installed with an insulating layer; the first component is arranged on the bearing box, and together with the first rotating component, forms the vent chamber; the second component is located between the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal, and is respectively installed and fixed on the support parts of the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal; the third component is arranged on the support part of the comb tooth seal; the turntable, the third component of the shell and the comb tooth seal together form the pressure chamber.

4. A cryogenic axial flow compressor dynamic seal test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air supply system fills the sealed chamber with sealing gas for the test and the pressure chamber with air for the test. The liquid nitrogen supply system fills the pressure chamber with low-temperature nitrogen for the test. The air and low-temperature nitrogen in the pressure chamber are filled in a mutually exclusive manner. The sealing gas, air and low-temperature nitrogen are all pressure-adjustable.

5. A method for testing dynamic seals of a cryogenic axial flow compressor, characterized by: The dynamic seal test device according to claims 1 to 4 is used for implementation. With the absolute pressure of the pressure chamber as a reference and based on the constant differential pressure control principle, the control device automatically adjusts the absolute pressure of the sealed chamber, and the gas leakage of the sealed chamber is obtained by measuring the air flow discharged to the atmosphere or sucked from the atmosphere by the vent chamber; The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is calculated as follows: Where, P1 is the final pressure chamber pressure, P 11 ~P 1n is the absolute pressure measured by n pressure instruments, where n ≥ 3; The automatic control method of the absolute pressure of the sealed chamber is as follows: P2=P1+ΔP Where P2 is the target pressure of the sealed chamber, P1 is the pressure of the pressure chamber, and ΔP is the fixed differential pressure whose value can be adjusted. The gas leakage is calculated as follows: Where, Q is the final gas leakage, Q1~Q n* n * The flow rate measured by a flow meter, where n * ≥2.

6. The dynamic seal test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Under each comb tooth seal gap specification condition, it includes two temperature conditions, normal temperature and low temperature, and two test methods, pressurization and negative pressure. The corresponding pressure chamber has two temperature environments, normal temperature and low temperature, and two pressure environments, pressurization and negative pressure, specifically including the test contents of normal temperature pressurization, normal temperature negative pressure, and low temperature pressurization; the low temperature and pressure environments each include a number of temperature and pressure steps; the sealing chamber of the normal temperature pressurization test is divided into two states, non-inflated and inflated. In the non-inflated state, the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal combination is tested. In the inflated state, the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal is tested first, and then the gas leakage of the carbon ring seal and the comb tooth seal combination is tested. The sealing chamber of the normal temperature negative pressure test is not inflated, and the sealing chamber of the low temperature pressurization test is inflated; the turntable includes two working conditions, rotating and non-rotating. The rotating working condition includes a number of speed steps, and the comb tooth seal gap includes multiple specifications; The pressure chamber temperature is calculated as follows: Where T1 is the final pressure chamber temperature, T 11 ~T 1n** n ** The temperature measured by a temperature instrument, where n ** ≥3.

7. The dynamic seal test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps of the normal temperature pressurization test are as follows: S0. Initial state: The comb seal clearance is X1. The drive system, support system, and piping system are all closed. The sealing chamber, vent chamber, and pressure chamber are all at room temperature and pressure. The turntable is stationary and recorded as speed step N1. S1. Open the valve group of the evacuation chamber exhaust line, operate the air supply system, and use the control device to close the loop and control the valve group of the pressure chamber charging line in the air supply system to inflate the pressure chamber to increase its pressure. The pressure increase rate is ≤ M. The absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is measured in real time by multiple pressure instruments. According to the method for calculating the absolute pressure of the pressure chamber described in claim 5, the absolute pressure of the pressure chamber is calculated until the first pressure step P is reached. 1-1 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%. S2. Measure the flow rate in real time by using multiple flow meters on the exhaust pipe of the vent chamber, and record the gas leakage amount Q according to the gas leakage calculation method described in claim 5. 11-1 , record P 1-1 , N1; S3. Operate the oil source system and drive system sequentially to increase the turntable speed. The acceleration rate is ≤ V. The speed encoder measures the turntable speed in real time until it reaches N2 and then maintains it. S4. Follow the same steps as S2 to measure and record Q 11-2 , record P 1-1 , N2; S5. Accelerate the turntable to N3 at the same rate as S3 and maintain the speed. S6. Follow the same steps as S2 to measure and record Q 11-3 , record P 1-1 , N3; S7. Follow the same steps as S5 and S6 to measure and record N4~N m Q under working conditions 11-4 ~Q 11-m , where m≥6, record P 1-1 、N4~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the first pressure condition W of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-1 test; S8. Follow the same steps as S1 to continue to inflate the pressure chamber until the pressure reaches P 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%. S9. Follow the same steps as S4 and S7 to measure and record N1 to N m Q under working conditions 12-1 ~Q 12-m , record P 1-2 、N1~N m , restore N1 state; at this point, the second pressure condition W of the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed. 1-2 test; S10. Follow the same steps as S8-S9 to measure and record the pressure chamber at P 1-3 ~P 1-k , where k≥6, N1~N m Q under working conditions 13-1 ~Q 13-m , Q 14-1 ~Q 14-m …Q 1k-1 ~Q 1k-m , record P 1-3 ~P 1-k 、N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, complete the normal temperature pressurization test in the sealed chamber without inflation of all pressure conditions W 1-k test; S11. Follow the same steps as S8 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber; open the valve group of the sealed chamber inflation pipeline in the air supply system to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber; the control device controls P2 to be consistent with P1, and when P2 and P1 both reach P 1-1 After that, the control device maintains the pressure, and the pressure value is recorded when the difference between P2 and P1 is ≤ BkPa. The current pressure state is recorded as P 2-1 and P 1-1 ; S12. Follow the same steps as S9 to measure and record N1 to N m Q under working conditions 21-1 ~Q 21-m , record P 1-1 、P 2-1 and N1~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal is tested. 2-1 test; S13. Follow the same steps as S11 to S12 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at P 1-2 ~P 1-k and P 2-2 ~P 2-k , N1~N m Q under working conditions 22-1 ~Q 22-m , Q 23-1 ~Q 23-m …Q 2k-1 ~Q 2k-m , record P 1-2 ~P 1-k 、P 2-2 ~P 2-k and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, complete the normal temperature pressurization test. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal are tested. 2-k test; S14. Follow the same steps as S11 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber until P1 reaches P 1-1 The control device controls P2 to be higher than P1 and maintains a constant differential pressure ΔP1 according to the method of claim 5. When the fluctuation of ΔP1 is ≤ C%, the pressure value is recorded. The current pressure state is recorded as P 2-11 and P 1-1 ; S15. Follow the same steps as S12 to measure and record N1~N m Q under working conditions 31-1 ~Q 31-m , record P 1-1 、P 2-11 , ΔP1 and N1~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested. 3-1 test; S16. Follow the same steps as S14 and S15 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealed chamber at P 1-2 ~P 1-k and P 2-12 ~P 2-1k , N1~N m Q under working conditions 32-1 ~Q 32-m , Q 33-1 ~Q 33-m …Q 3k-1 ~Q 3k-m , record P 1-2 ~P 1-k 、P 2-12 ~P 2-1k , ΔP1 and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 3-k test; S17. Follow the same steps as S14 to inflate and pressurize the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber, control P2 to be higher than P1 and maintain a constant differential pressure ΔP2. The current pressure states are recorded as P 2-21 and P 1-1 ; S18. Follow the same steps as S15 to measure and record N1~N m Q under working conditions 41-1 ~Q 41-m , record P 1-1 、P 2-21 , ΔP2 and N1~N m , restore N1 state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP2, the first pressure condition W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested. 4-1 test; S19. Follow the same steps as S16 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at P 1-2 ~P 1-k and P 2-22 ~P 2-2k , N1~N m Q under working conditions 42-1 ~Q 42-m , Q 43-1 ~Q 43-m …Q 4k-1 ~Q 4k-m , record P 1-2 ~P 1-k 、P 2-22 ~P 2-2k , ΔP2 and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, the normal temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP2, all pressure conditions W of the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested. 4-k test; S20. Follow the same steps as S17 to S19 to measure and record the pressure chamber and the sealing chamber at P 1-1 ~P 1-k , P 2-31 ~P 2-3k 、P 2-41 ~P 2-4k …P 2-q1 ~P 2-qk , where q≥3, N1~N m Q under working conditions 5k-1 ~Q 5k-m , Q 6k-1 ~Q 6k-m …Q (q+2)k-1 ~Q (q+2)k-m , record P 1-1 ~P 1-k 、P 2-31 ~P 2-3k 、P 2-41 ~P 2-4k …P 2-q1 ~P 2-qk , ΔP3~ΔP q and N1~N m , restore N1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, the pressurization test is completed in the sealed chamber and all the differential pressure steps ΔP with the pressure chamber pressure are completed. q Under the condition of all pressure conditions W for the combination of carbon ring seal and comb seal (q+2)-k test.

8. The dynamic seal test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps of the normal temperature negative pressure test are as follows: S′0. Initial state: Same as S0, the turntable is stationary and is recorded as speed step N′1; S'1. Open the valve group of the evacuation chamber exhaust pipeline and the valve group of the vacuum system pipeline, operate the vacuum system, extract gas from the pressure chamber to reduce its pressure, and control the pressure reduction rate ≤ G through the control device. Follow the same steps as S1 to obtain the absolute pressure P'1 of the pressure chamber until the first pressure step P' is reached. 1-1 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the stable accuracy is ≤A%; S′2. Follow the same steps as S9 to measure and record N′1 to N′ s Gas leakage under working conditions Q' 11-1 ~Q′ 11-s , where s≥5, record P′ 1-1 、N′1~N′ s , restore N'1 state; so far, the first pressure condition W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed 1-1 test; S'3. Follow the same steps as S'1 to continue pumping gas from the pressure chamber until the pressure reaches P' 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%. S′4. Measure and record N′1 to N′ according to the same steps as S′2. s Q′ under working conditions 12-1 ~Q′ 12-s , record P′ 1-2 、N′1~N′ s , restore N'1 state; so far, the second pressure condition W' of the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation is completed 1-2 test; S′5. Follow the same steps as S′3 and S′4 to measure and record the pressure chamber at P′ 1-3 ~P′ 1-t , where t≥4, N′1~N′ s Q′ under working conditions 13-1 ~Q′ 13-s , Q′ 14-1 ~Q′ 14-s …Q′ 1t-1 ~Q′ 1t-s , record P′ 1-3 ~P′ 1-t 、N′1~N′ s , restore N'1 state, restore normal pressure state; so far, complete the normal temperature negative pressure test in the sealed chamber without inflation of all pressure conditions W' 1-t test.

9. The dynamic seal test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low temperature pressurization test steps are as follows: S″0. Initial state: Same as S0 state, the turntable is stationary and is recorded as speed step N″0; S″1. Follow the same steps as S3, increase the speed of the turntable to N″1 and maintain it; S″2 opens the valve group of the vent pipe of the empty chamber, operates the liquid nitrogen supply system, and fills the pressure chamber with low-temperature nitrogen to cool it and increase its pressure; according to the same steps as S11, the sealed chamber is inflated and pressurized and P2 is controlled to be consistent with P1 until both P2 and P1 reach the first pressure step P″ 1-1 After that, the control device maintains the pressure and records the current pressure state P″ 2-1 and P″ 1-1 The control device controls the cooling rate ≤ Y, and measures the temperature of the pressure chamber in real time through multiple temperature instruments, according to the pressure chamber temperature calculation method according to claim 6, until the first temperature step T is reached 1-1 After that, the control device will maintain the temperature and record the temperature value after the temperature stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤D%. S″3 follows the same steps as S9, and measures and records N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 11-1 ~Q″ 11-r , where r≥4, record T 1-1 , P″ 1-1 、N″1~N″ r And the sealing chamber temperature T 21-11 ~T 21-1r , Vent chamber temperature T 31-11 ~T 31-1r , restore N″1 state; S″4 hold T 1-1 , follow the same steps as S″2 and continue to inflate the pressure chamber until it reaches P″ 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the pressure and record the pressure value after the pressure stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤A%. S″5 follows the same steps as S″3, and measures and records N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 12-1 ~Q″ 12-r , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-2 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-21 ~T 21-2r 、T 31-21 ~T 31-2r , restore N″1 state; S″6 follows the same steps as S″4 to S″5, and measures and records T 1-1 Temperature environment, P″ 1-3 ~P″ 1- k pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 13-1 ~Q″ 13-r , Q″ 14-1 ~Q″ 14-r …Q″ 1k-1 ~Q″ 1k-r , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-3 ~P″ 1-k 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-31 ~T 21-3r 、T 21-41 ~T 21-4r …T 21-k1 ~T 21-kr 、T 31-31 ~T 31-3r 、T 31-41 ~T 31-4r …T 31-k1 ~T 31-kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, the carbon ring seal is subjected to all pressure conditions W" in the first temperature environment. 1-1 test; S″7 maintain P″ 1-1 , follow the same steps as S″2, continue to fill the pressure chamber with gas and cool it down until it reaches T 1-2 After that, the control device will maintain the temperature and record the temperature value after the temperature stabilizes with an accuracy of ≤D%. S″8 follows the same steps as S″3 and S″6, measures and records T 1-2 Temperature environment, P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1- k pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 21-1 ~Q″ 21-r , Q″ 22-1 ~Q″ 22-r …Q″ 2k-1 ~Q″ 2k-r , record T 1-2 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k 、N″1~N″ r and T 22-11 ~T 22-1r 、T 22-21 ~T 22-2r …T 22-k1 ~T 23-kr 、T 32-11 ~T 32-1r 、T 32-21 ~T 32-2r …T 32-k1 ~T 33-kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W" of the second temperature environment of the carbon ring seal are tested. 1-2 test; S″9 follows the same steps as S″7 to S″8, and measures and records T 1-3 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k Pressure environment, where u≥4, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 3k-1 ~Q″ 3k-r , Q″ 4k-1 ~Q″ 4k-r …Q″ uk-1 ~Q″ uk-r , record T 1-3 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k 、N″1~N″ r and T 23-k1 ~T 23-kr 、T 24-k1 ~T 24-kr …T 2u-k1 ~T 2u-kr 、T 33-k1 ~T 33-kr 、T 34-k1 ~T 34-kr …T 3u-k1 ~T 3u-kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 Status, restore T 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. In the sealed chamber inflated state, all pressure conditions W" of the carbon ring seal in all temperature environments are tested. 1-u test; S″10Keep T 1-1 and P″ 1-1 , follow the same steps as S″2, inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber, control P2 to be higher than P1 and maintain a constant differential pressure ΔP1, and when the fluctuation of ΔP1 is ≤ C%, record the current pressure state P″ 1-1 and P″ 2-11 ; S″11 Follow the same steps as S″8 to measure and record T 1-1 Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 1k-1k1 ~Q″ 1k-1kr , record T 1-1 , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-1k1 ~T 21-1kr 、T 31-1k1 ~T 31-1kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in the first temperature environment. 2-1 test; S″12 follows the same steps as S″9, measures and records T 1-2 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 2k-1k1 ~Q″ 2k-1kr , Q″ 3k-1k1 ~Q″ 3k-1kr …Q″ uk-1k1 ~Q″ uk-1kr , record T 1-2 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-11 ~P″ 2-1k 、N″1~N″ r and T 22-1k1 ~T 22-1kr 、T 23-1k1 ~T 23-1kr …T 2u-1k1 ~T 2u-1kr 、T 32-1k1 ~T 32-1kr 、T 33-1k1 ~T 33-1kr …T 3u-1k1 ~T 3u-1kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 Status, restore T 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP1, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in all temperature environments. 2-u test; S″13 follows the same steps as S″10 to inflate and pressurize the sealed chamber, controlling P2 to be higher than P1 and maintaining a constant differential pressure ΔP2. When the fluctuation of ΔP2 is ≤ C%, the current pressure state is recorded as P″ 1-1 and P″ 2-21 ; S″14 Follow the same steps as S″12 to measure and record T 1-1 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-21 ~P″ 2-2k Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions 1k-2k1 ~Q″ 1k-2kr , Q″ 2k-2k1 ~Q″ 2k-2kr …Q″ uk-2k1 ~Q″ uk-2kr , record T 1-1 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-21 ~P″ 2-2k 、N″1~N″ r and T 21-2k1 ~T 21-2kr 、T 22-2k1 ~T 21-2kr …T 2u-2k1 ~T 2u-2kr 、T 31-2k1 ~T 31-2kr 、T 32-2k1 ~T 32-2kr …T 3u-2k1 ~T 3u-2kr , restore N″1 state, restore P″ 1-1 Status, restore T 1-1 State; So far, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. When the sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP2, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination are tested under all pressure conditions W" in all temperature environments. 3-u test; S″15 Follow the same steps as S″13 and S″14 to measure and record T 1-1 ~T 1-u Temperature environment, pressure chamber and sealing chamber are respectively at P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k and P″ 2-q1 ~P″ 2-qk Pressure environment, N″1~N″ r Q″ under working conditions uk-3k1 ~Q″ uk-3kr , Q″ uk-4k1 ~Q″ uk-4kr …Q″ uk-qk1 ~Q″ uk-qkr , record T 1-1 ~T 1-u , P″ 1-1 ~P″ 1-k , P″ 2-q1 ~P″ 2-qk 、N″1~N″ r and T 2u-3k1 ~T 2u-3kr 、T 2u-4k1 ~T 2u-4kr …T 2u-qk1 ~T 2u-qkr 、T 3u-3k1 ~T 3u-3kr 、T 3u-4k1 ~T 3u-4kr …T 3u-qk1 ~T 3u-qkr , restore N″1 state, restore normal temperature and pressure state; at this point, the low temperature pressurization test is completed. The sealed chamber is inflated and the pressure difference with the pressure chamber is ΔP q Under all conditions, the carbon ring seal and comb seal combination is tested under all pressure conditions W" in all temperature environments. (q+1)-u test.

10. The dynamic seal test method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low temperature pressurization test steps are as follows: Adjust the initial comb seal clearance specifications to X2, X3...X z , where z ≥ 3, follow the same steps to measure and record the results and parameters under each test condition.

Images