Coal gangue slag crushing device

Abstract

The invention relates to a coal gangue slag crushing device which is characterized in that a separation shell is arranged on one side of a crushing shell, the upper side of the separation shell is communicated with a feeding pipe, and crushed coal gangue is transferred into a feeding pipe from a discharging opening of the crushing shell through a feeding mechanism. In practical application, by limiting the structural form of the separation shell, the separation shell is similar to a cyclone dust collector, airflow entering an inner cavity of the separation shell can be in a spiral downward state, and a reverse upward airflow column is formed at the bottom of the separation shell. In addition, through the connection mode of the feeding pipe and the separation shell and the staggered design of the axes of the feeding pipe and the separation shell, it is guaranteed that crushed aggregates can make effective contact with the airflow column when falling. Therefore, the small-particle-size crushed particles and the water molecules rise along with the air flow, the large-particle-size crushed particles sink and are discharged, finally, the large-particle-size and dry crushed particles are obtained, and the subsequent processing flow is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gangue slag crushing devices, in particular to a crushing device for gangue slag. Background Art

[0002] The treatment and reuse of gangue slag plays a significant role in resource recovery and environmental protection, reducing land occupation, alleviating air and water pollution, and promoting resource recycling. When gangue slag is stored, it is subject to natural weathering and friction, producing a large amount of fines. Furthermore, during its formation and mining stages, gangue slag already contains various fines, such as coal dust and rock dust.

[0003] In the prior art, coal gangue slag is usually crushed using a crushing device, among which a double-roll crushing mechanism is a commonly used primary crushing equipment. The double-roll crushing mechanism "crushes" the coal gangue using two driven rollers rotating in opposite directions.

[0004] However, existing technologies have significant shortcomings. After primary crushing, the gangue slag contains debris and fines generated during processing, as well as fines carried over from stockpiling and excavation. Furthermore, the high moisture content of the production environment contributes to the tendency of fines to coat the surface of the crushed particles. These issues severely impact the appearance of the gangue crushed material, limiting its sale and use.

[0005] In order to ensure that the gangue particles are dry, free of moisture, and do not carry a large amount of powder, more subsequent operation steps are still required, which not only increases processing costs and time, but also reduces production efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, the existing gangue slag crushing equipment and process are in urgent need of improvement to solve the problems of high powder content and water content in the gangue crushed materials after primary crushing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a coal gangue slag crushing device. This device removes internal powder and moisture from the primary crushed coal gangue fragments, effectively solving the problem of existing devices that the coal gangue fragments carry a large amount of powder and moisture after primary crushing.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A crushing device for coal gangue slag, comprising a crushing shell, a crushing mechanism is arranged inside the crushing shell, a separation shell with a vertical plane projection as a trapezoidal structure is arranged on one side of the crushing shell, the diameter of the lower end of the separation shell is smaller than the diameter of its upper end, an inclined surface is arranged on the upper end of the separation shell, the height of the upper end surface on the left side of the separation shell is greater than the height of the upper end surface on the right side, and the upper end of the separation shell away from the inclined surface is connected to left and right axial air intake pipes, the central axis of the air intake pipes is not in the same vertical plane as the central axis of the separation shell, the lower end of the separation shell is an open structure, the upper end of the separation shell is coaxially connected to the exhaust pipe, the upper end of the separation shell is connected to a feed pipe, the feed pipe is connected to the discharge port of the crushing shell through a feeding mechanism, and the central axis of the feed pipe is staggered with the central axis of the separation shell.

[0009] Preferably, a screening mechanism I is provided on the lower side of the separation shell, and the screening mechanism I includes two filter plates arranged upper and lower, and the relatively lower filter plate is filter plate I, and the relatively upper filter plate is filter plate II, wherein the diameter of the filter hole opened on filter plate I is smaller than the diameter of the filter hole opened on filter plate II, and a circulating conveying mechanism is provided on the side of filter plate II away from the separation shell, the feed port of the circulating conveying mechanism is provided on the lower side of filter plate II, and the discharge port of the circulating conveying mechanism is provided on the upper side of the feed port of the crushing shell.

[0010] Preferably, the screening mechanism I also includes a screening bracket, and the filter plate I and the filter plate II are both rotatably connected to the screening bracket. In addition, a synchronization rod is provided between the filter plate I and the filter plate II, and the synchronization rod is movably connected to the filter plates I and II. A cam driving mechanism is provided on one side of the synchronization rod, and the synchronization rod performs reciprocating linear motion up and down through the cam driving mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, when the synchronization rod is at the lowest point of its stroke, the height of each filter plate away from the separation shell is less than the height of the side close to the separation shell, and the horizontal center line of the filter plate I is staggered with the horizontal center line of the filter plate II.

[0012] Preferably, the pulverizing mechanism is a double-roller pulverizing mechanism, and a screening mechanism II is provided on the lower side of the pulverizing mechanism. The screening mechanism II has the same structure as the screening mechanism I. One end of the filter plate II corresponding to the screening mechanism II is located on the lower side of the discharge port of the pulverizing shell, and the other end of the filter plate II corresponding to the screening mechanism II is located on the upper side of the feed pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a restraining cylinder is coaxially fixedly connected inside the separation shell, the upper and lower ends of the restraining cylinder are open structures, and the feed pipe is connected to the restraining cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of grid plates are fixedly connected inside the constraint cylinder, the grid plates are located at the lower side of the feed pipe, and the height of each grid plate close to the central axis of the constraint cylinder is smaller than the height of the side close to the central axis of the constraint cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the exhaust pipe of the separation shell is connected to a cyclone dust collector, and the discharge port on the lower side of the cyclone dust collector is connected to a collecting pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention aims to simplify subsequent processing by adding a separation shell to the side of the crushing shell. The crushed gangue fragments are transported from the crushing shell's discharge port to the separation shell by a feeding mechanism. The feed pipe connected to the feeding mechanism is connected to the inner cavity of the separation shell. In practical application, the separation shell, with its unique structural design, exhibits functional effects similar to those of a cyclone dust collector. Specifically, an air inlet pipe guides airflow in a spiral downward trajectory within the separation shell, while simultaneously generating a reverse, upward air column at the bottom. Precisely aligning the inner cavity of the feed pipe with the central axis of the separation shell ensures that the gangue fragments fully contact the air column as they fall. As a result, small-sized particles (such as stone dust and coal dust) and water molecules rise with the air column, while larger-sized gangue fragments fall freely and are discharged through the open structure at the bottom of the separation shell, ultimately producing large, dry gangue fragments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the crushing shell and the separation shell of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the feeding mechanism and the circulating conveying mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the screening mechanism I and the separation shell of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the screening mechanism I of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the screening support and the cam drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation shell of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the constraint cylinder of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the separation shell and the cyclone dust collector of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Crushing shell; 2. Circulating conveying mechanism; 3. Feeding mechanism; 4. Separating shell; 5. Cyclone dust collector; 6. Feeding pipe; 7. Screening mechanism II; 8. Screening mechanism I; 801. Filter plate; 8011. Filter plate II; 8012. Filter plate I; 802. Screening bracket; 803. Synchronizing rod; 804. Cam driving mechanism; 9. Crushing mechanism; 10. Inlet pipe; 11. Constraint cylinder; 12. Grille plate; 13. Exhaust pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The structure of the present coal gangue slag crushing device is similar to that of the prior art, and is mainly composed of a crushing shell 1. The shell serves as the core component of the device and provides the necessary installation space and protection for the built-in crushing mechanism 9.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the crushing mechanism 9 used in this device is a double-roller crushing mechanism 9, which squeezes and shears the coal gangue through two driven rollers with completely opposite rotation directions, ensuring the uniformity of the output particle size.

[0031] It is worth noting that compared to jaw crushers and other equipment used for the initial crushing of coal gangue, the double-roll crusher has a more uniform crushing particle size and produces finer powder. However, the double-roll crushing mechanism 9 is more likely to produce flaky and strip-shaped crushed materials. Therefore, in actual applications, the coal gangue crushed by the double-roll crushing mechanism 9 usually requires secondary or even tertiary crushing. Therefore, the double-roll crusher is only suitable for the primary crushing stage.

[0032] In actual application, the roller crushing mechanism 9 adopts conventional mechanical installation means (this is the existing technology, Figure 3The corresponding driven roller and its supporting drive structure are shown) to ensure that the driven roller rotates stably and works in coordination to achieve effective crushing of coal gangue slag.

[0033] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 Unlike the existing technical devices, in order to reduce the subsequent deep processing steps and ensure that the amount of powder mixed in the coal gangue particles after primary crushing is small, the present application adds a separation shell 4 on one side of the crushing shell 1. The main function of the separation shell 4 is to remove the powder and liquid inside the coal gangue fragments after primary crushing.

[0034] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, a feed pipe 6 is provided at the upper end of the separation shell 4, the feed pipe 6 is communicated with the inner cavity of the separation shell 4, and the feed pipe 6 is connected to the discharge port of the crushing shell 1 through the feeding mechanism 3. The coal gangue crushed materials processed by the crushing mechanism 9 are transported to the interior of the separation shell 4 through the feeding mechanism 3.

[0035] In practical applications, the feeding mechanism 3 can adopt conventional conveying devices such as belt conveyors and screw conveyors (the diagram of this device takes a belt conveyor as an example). During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the central axis of the feed pipe 6 and the central axis of the separation shell 4 are staggered to promote uniform dispersion and effective separation of the material in the separation shell 4.

[0036] Furthermore, in order to separate the gangue fragments from the coal powder, stone powder and liquid, the device sets an inclined surface on the upper end of the separation shell 4 to ensure that the height of the upper end surface on the left side of the separation shell 4 is greater than the height of the upper end surface on the right side.

[0037] At the same time, the device is connected to the left and right axial air intake pipes 10 on the side of the upper end of the separation shell 4 away from the inclined surface, and the central axis of the air intake pipe 10 is not coplanar with the central axis of the separation shell 4, thereby simulating the structure of the cyclone dust collector 5, so that the gas entering the interior of the separation shell 4 through the air intake pipe 10 can form a specific spiral downward flow effect.

[0038] Furthermore, the device is designed so that the vertical projection of the separation housing 4 is trapezoidal, with the lower diameter being smaller than the upper diameter. This design allows the spiral airflow to reverse upward upon reaching the bottom of the separation housing 4 due to its structural characteristics, ultimately forming a vertically upward airflow column at the center of the separation housing 4.

[0039] Therefore, in actual application, the present device only needs to ensure that the central axis of the feed pipe 6 is staggered with the central axis of the separation shell 4, that is, the part of the feed pipe 6 located in the inner cavity of the separation shell 4 is facing the central axis of the separation shell 4. This can ensure that the coal gangue fragments falling into the separation shell 4 through the feed pipe 6 naturally contact with the upward air flow column at the center of the separation shell 4 during the falling process. In this process, the upward impact force carried by the air flow column can offset the horizontal movement trend of the coal gangue fragments. Combined with the gravitational potential energy of the coal gangue fragments themselves, it can ensure that small-sized coal gangue fragments (i.e. stone powder, coal powder) and water molecules can move upward with the air flow column, while large-sized coal gangue fragments still fall freely downward and are discharged through the open structure on the lower side of the separation shell 4 (this process can ensure that the coal gangue fragments discharged from the separation shell 4 are large-sized and dry).

[0040] In actual operation, adjusting the inclination angle of the central axis of the feed pipe 6 (i.e. the angle between it and the vertical plane) and taking the gravity factor into consideration can effectively control the horizontal force exerted on the gangue crushed materials and change the contact point position between them and the rising air flow column.

[0041] It should be noted that the top of the separation shell 4 of the device is coaxially connected to an exhaust pipe 13 for discharging the gas generated during the separation process.

[0042] In addition, if Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, a cyclone dust collector 5 is installed on one side of the separation shell 4, and its air inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe 13. The lower discharge port of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to the collecting pipe for collecting the powder generated during separation.

[0043] In practical applications, a bag dust collector can be arranged on one side of the cyclone dust collector 5, and the exhaust port of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to the bag dust collector. In this way, the bag dust collector can collect extremely fine powder in the gas to avoid air pollution.

[0044] In addition, if Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the device is equipped with an air pump on one side of the separation shell 4 , and the air outlet of the air pump is connected to the air inlet pipe 10 . This design can realize continuous delivery of gas into the separation shell 4 .

[0045] In practical applications, if the air pump is equipped with a built-in heating device (such as a semiconductor cooling element or resistance wire), the discharged air can be heated to a certain temperature, thereby also maintaining a certain temperature in the air column that contacts the coal gangue particles. This high temperature promotes the active movement of water molecules, thereby improving the drying efficiency of the coal gangue particles, ensuring that the coal gangue particles discharged from the separation shell 4 meet the ideal dryness standard.

[0046] Further, if Figure 7As shown, the device has a constraining cylinder 11 coaxially fixedly installed inside the separation shell 4 , and both upper and lower ends of the constraining cylinder 11 are open structures to ensure that the airflow column in the separation shell 4 can freely pass through the constraining cylinder 11 .

[0047] In actual operation, the feed pipe 6 is connected to the restraining cylinder 11. This design effectively prevents the positioning and fixation of the coal gangue crushed materials, and avoids mutual interference between them and the spiral descending airflow.

[0048] At the same time, the provision of the restraining cylinder 11 ensures that the free-falling coal gangue fragments will not hit the inner wall of the separation shell 4, effectively preventing the generation of noise and potential damage to the shell.

[0049] In a small space, the gangue fragments collide with each other, and with the help of the rising airflow, the gangue fragments falling from the restraint tube 11 can collide with each other, and the powder and the gangue fragments can be separated by the collision, ensuring that the gangue fragments leaving the restraint tube 11 do not carry powder.

[0050] It should be pointed out that in actual operation, the mutual collision between the gangue fragments can also achieve the technical effect of shaping the gangue fragments (the edges and corners of the gangue fragments can be broken during the collision process), making the gangue fragments more rounded and improving the quality of the gangue fragments.

[0051] Further, if Figure 8 As shown, the device has multiple grating plates 12 fixedly installed inside the restraining cylinder 11. The grating plates 12 are located below the feed pipe 6. This design cleverly uses gravitational potential energy to make the gangue fragments discharged from the feed pipe 6 hit the grating plates 12, causing vibrations, thereby effectively separating the gangue fragments from the powder.

[0052] Accordingly, the present device stipulates that the height of each grating plate 12 on the side close to the central axis of the constraint cylinder 11 is smaller than the height on the side away from the central axis of the constraint cylinder 11. This measure can maximize the utilization of the gravitational potential energy of the coal gangue particles, causing large pieces of particles to roll downward under the influence of the rising airflow until they break away from the grating plate 12.

[0053] At the same time, if Figure 8 As shown, the grid plates 12 inside the restraining cylinder 11 are arranged in a left-right staggered manner. This design significantly enhances the oscillation of the coal gangue particles and ensures the full separation of the particles and the powder.

[0054] Further, if Figure 4 As shown, in order to ensure that the coal gangue particles produced by the device are uniform (with uniform particle size and overall spherical or polyhedral structure) and suitable for most usage scenarios, the device is equipped with a screening mechanism I8 on the lower side of the separation shell 4.

[0055] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the screening mechanism I8 in the present device includes two filter plates 801 arranged one above the other, wherein the filter plate I 8012 is located relatively lower, and the filter plate II 8011 is located relatively upper. The diameter of the filter holes opened on the filter plate I 8012 is smaller than the diameter of the filter holes opened on the filter plate II 8011, which can make full use of the gravitational potential energy.

[0056] In actual operation, after passing through separation housing 4, large-sized gangue particles fall directly onto filter plate II 8011 due to gravity. Due to the pore design of filter plate II 8011, some long, flake-like or long-strip gangue particles, as well as those with particularly large particle sizes, are intercepted on filter plate II 8011. The remaining gangue particles with regular shapes and meeting the required particle sizes continue to fall, eventually impacting filter plate I 8012. At this point, gangue particles with particle sizes smaller than the pores of filter plate I 8012 continue to fall, while particles with particle sizes between the pores of filter plate I 8012 and filter plate II 8011 remain on filter plate I 8012.

[0057] It should be made clear that the main function of the filter plate II 8011 in this device is to intercept flaky and long strip-shaped coal gangue fragments (coal gangue fragments with extremely large particle sizes generally do not appear in the processing of the double-roller crushing mechanism 9), while the main function of the filter plate I 8012 is to further subdivide the coal gangue fragments with regular shapes (coal gangue fragments with a certain particle size and not too large, which meet the crushing characteristics and relevant parameters of the double-roller crushing mechanism 9), so that they can be easily distinguished to complete simple classification, thereby reducing the number of subsequent coal gangue screening times.

[0058] It is worth noting that, in actual operation, in order to fix the positions of the two filter plates 801 , the device is further provided with a screening bracket 802 , and the positions of the filter plates 801 are fixed by the screening bracket 802 .

[0059] Furthermore, the present device stipulates that the height of each filter plate 801 away from the separation shell 4 is less than the height of the side close to the separation shell 4, that is, each filter plate 801 itself has a certain inclination angle. Through the inclined design of the filter plate 801, combined with the gravitational potential energy of the coal gangue particles, it is guided to move in the horizontal direction, thereby effectively preventing the coal gangue particles from accumulating at the bottom of the separation shell 4.

[0060] Further, if Figure 5 As shown, the device stipulates that the horizontal center line of filter plate I 8012 and the horizontal center line of filter plate II 8011 are staggered. By staggering the horizontal center lines of filter plate I 8012 and filter plate II 8011, the relative distance between the two in the same vertical plane is maximized, ensuring that the coal gangue particles have enough falling distance after passing through filter plate II 8011 to carry greater gravitational potential energy to impact filter plate I 8012.

[0061] Further, if Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, in order to prevent the accumulation of coal gangue particles on the filter plate 801 and affect subsequent operations, the device stipulates that one end of the filter plate 801 is rotatably connected to the screening bracket 802. In actual operation, by swinging the filter plate 801 and utilizing the difference in movement between the filter plate 801 and the coal gangue particles, the coal gangue particles are separated when the filter plate 801 swings downward, eliminating friction resistance and fully releasing its gravity, thereby guiding the coal gangue particles on the filter plate 801 to move away from the separation shell 4 to prevent accumulation.

[0062] For details, please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 This device cleverly installs a synchronization rod 803 between filter plate I 8012 and filter plate II 8011. This rod flexibly connects the two filter plates 801, passes through filter plates 801, and is fixedly connected to the top plate. The top plate and filter plates 801 are in close contact, ensuring that when synchronization rod 803 rises, it can smoothly drive the filter plates 801 to rise synchronously. This non-fixed connection design effectively prevents travel conflicts between the linear motion of synchronization rod 803 and the up-and-down swinging motion of filter plates 801, thereby ensuring the synchronized movement of filter plates I 8012 and II 8011.

[0063] In addition, the device has a cam drive mechanism 804 installed on one side of the synchronization rod 803. The cam drive mechanism 804 can use a motor to drive the cam to rotate, so that the synchronization rod 803 can perform reciprocating linear motion up and down through the cam drive mechanism 804, so that the two filter plates 801 can swing up and down synchronously, thereby achieving the flattening and screening of the coal gangue particles.

[0064] Furthermore, the present device is provided with a circulating conveying device on the lower side of the screening mechanism I8, the feed port of the circulating conveying mechanism 2 is provided on the lower side of the filter plate II8011, and the discharge port is provided on the upper side of the feed port of the crushing shell 1, which can automatically transfer the flake-shaped and long-strip coal gangue particles screened by the filter plate II8011 to the crushing mechanism 9, realizing the secondary crushing process thereof.

[0065] There are various options for the circulating conveying mechanism 2, including bucket elevators, screw conveying equipment and belt conveyors (a belt conveyor is shown in the figure of this device). During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the material can be smoothly transferred from the filter plate II 8011 to the feed port of the crushing shell 1.

[0066] In addition, this device features a screening mechanism II7 below the crushing mechanism 9, with a structure identical to that of screening mechanism I8. Screening mechanism II7 is designed to screen out gangue particles that meet the required particle size after initial crushing, thereby reducing the amount of particles entering the separation housing 4. This helps reduce the total amount of gangue within the separation housing 4 and prevents excessive particles from impacting the airflow path.

[0067] One end of the filter plate II of the screening mechanism II 7 is arranged below the discharge port of the grinding shell 1, and the other end is located above the feed pipe 6, ensuring that the material can be smoothly transported from the discharge port of the grinding shell 1 to the feed pipe 6.

[0068] In actual operation, untreated gangue particles often have powder attached to them due to their high water content. Therefore, the presence of the screening mechanism II 7 does not cause a large amount of powder to be mixed into the gangue particles of suitable particle size that it screens.

[0069] Furthermore, in actual operation, adjusting the mesh size of the two filter plates in screening mechanism II7 effectively prevents large amounts of fine material from being mixed into the selected gangue particles of suitable particle size. Specifically, the mesh size of filter plate II in screening mechanism II7 can be set smaller than the mesh size of filter plate I8012 in screening mechanism I8. This ensures that medium-sized and large-sized gangue particles fall simultaneously above filter plate II in screening mechanism II7, while small-sized gangue particles (corresponding to the size of the gangue particles below filter plate I8012 in screening mechanism I8) remain above filter plate I in screening mechanism II7. In this case, fine material remains below filter plate I in screening mechanism II7.

[0070] In the practical application process of the present invention: 1. Primary crushing stage Feeding process: Coal gangue slag is introduced into the crushing shell 1 to provide raw materials for the subsequent crushing process.

[0071] Crushing process: The roller crushing mechanism 9 in the crushing shell 1 is started, and the two driven rollers rotating in opposite directions "crush" the coal gangue.

[0072] 2. Screening mechanism II 7 Screening stage Primary screening: The gangue after primary crushing directly enters the screening mechanism II7. The filter plate 801 swings to screen out the gangue particles that meet the required particle size after primary crushing.

[0073] Screen hole setting and screening effect: The filter hole of filter plate II of screening mechanism II7 is smaller than that of filter plate I8012 of screening mechanism I8, ensuring that medium and large-sized coal gangue particles fall on the upper side of filter plate II, small-sized particles are located on the upper side of filter plate I, and powder passes through filter plate I and falls to the lower side.

[0074] 3. Feeding stage The coal gangue crushed materials that meet the requirements after being screened by the screening mechanism II 7 are transported from the screening mechanism II 7 to the interior of the separation shell 4 through the feeding mechanism 3 .

[0075] 4. Separation phase Airflow formation: The air pump continuously pumps gas into the separation shell 4 , and the incoming gas forms a specific downward spiral effect inside the separation shell 4 , and forms a vertical upward airflow column at the center of the separation shell 4 .

[0076] Material Separation: Gangue material falls through feed pipe 6 into separation housing 4, where it encounters an upward-directed airflow column from the center. Small-sized gangue particles (rock dust, coal powder) and water molecules follow the airflow column upward, while large-sized gangue material freely falls downward and is discharged through the open structure on the bottom side of separation housing 4.

[0077] Function of the restraining cylinder 11: Coaxially fixed within the separation housing 4, the restraining cylinder 11, with its open ends, ensures the passage of the air column. The feed pipe 6 communicates with the restraining cylinder 11, ensuring that the gangue particles do not interfere with the spiraling downward airflow, thereby reducing noise and abrasion on the inner wall of the separation housing 4. Under the influence of the rising airflow, the gangue particles falling from the restraining cylinder 11 collide with each other, effectively separating the powder from the gangue particles and simultaneously shaping the gangue particles to a certain extent.

[0078] Grid plate 12 separation: Multiple grid plates 12 are fixedly connected inside the restraining cylinder 11 and are located on the lower side of the feed pipe 6. The gangue fragments hit the grid plates 12, generating an oscillation effect, thereby achieving effective separation of the gangue fragments and the powder.

[0079] Gas and Powder Processing: Gas generated during the separation process is discharged through an exhaust pipe 13 coaxially connected to the upper end of the separation housing 4. Exhaust pipe 13 is connected to the air inlet of the cyclone dust collector 5. The discharge port on the lower side of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to a collection pipe to collect the powder generated during the separation process. The exhaust port of the cyclone dust collector 5 is connected to a bag dust collector to collect extremely fine powder in the gas to prevent air contamination.

[0080] 5. Screening mechanism Ⅰ8 screening stage Initial screening and filter plate 801 swinging: After being processed by separation shell 4, large-sized gangue particles fall under the influence of gravity onto the upper side of filter plate II 8011. As the gangue particles land on filter plate II 8011, filter plate 801 swings to retain some of the larger, flake-shaped, or extremely large gangue particles on the upper side of filter plate II 8011, preventing them from being mixed into the subsequent screening process. Furthermore, the remaining gangue particles with regular shapes and meeting the required particle sizes continue to fall more smoothly and strike filter plate I 8012 during the swinging process, preventing the accumulation of gangue particles on filter plate 801.

[0081] Secondary screening: The coal gangue particles with a size smaller than the filter holes of filter plate I8012 will continue to fall, while the particles with a size between the filter holes of filter plate I8012 and filter plate II8011 will be retained on filter plate I8012.

[0082] The cyclic crushing process is as follows: the flake and long strip coal gangue particles screened by the filter plate II 8011 are conveyed to the feed port of the crushing shell 1 through the circulating conveying device and crushed again.

[0083] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pulverizing device for gangue slag, comprising a pulverizing shell (1), wherein a pulverizing mechanism (9) is provided inside the pulverizing shell (1), characterized in that: A separation shell (4) having a trapezoidal structure in vertical projection is provided on one side of the pulverizing shell (1), and the diameter of the lower end of the separation shell (4) is smaller than the diameter of the upper end thereof; The upper end of the separation shell (4) is provided with an inclined surface, the height of the upper end surface on the left side of the separation shell (4) is greater than the height of the upper end surface on the right side thereof, and the upper end of the separation shell (4) away from the inclined surface is connected to the left and right axial air intake pipes (10), and the central axis of the air intake pipe (10) is not in the same vertical plane as the central axis of the separation shell (4); The lower end of the separation shell (4) is an open structure, and the upper end of the separation shell (4) is coaxially connected to an exhaust pipe (13); The upper end of the separation shell (4) is connected to a feed pipe (6), which is connected to the discharge port of the crushing shell (1) through a feeding mechanism (3), and the central axis of the feed pipe (6) and the central axis of the separation shell (4) are arranged in a staggered manner.

2. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screening mechanism I (8) is provided on the lower side of the separation housing (4), and the screening mechanism I (8) includes two filter plates (801) arranged one above the other, wherein the relatively lower filter plate (801) is filter plate I (8012), and the relatively upper filter plate (801) is filter plate II (8011), wherein the diameter of the filter holes provided on filter plate I (8012) is smaller than the diameter of the filter holes provided on filter plate II (8011), and a circulating conveying mechanism (2) is provided on the side of filter plate II (8011) away from the separation housing (4); The feed port of the circulating conveying mechanism (2) is arranged on the lower side of the filter plate II (8011), and the discharge port of the circulating conveying mechanism (2) is arranged on the upper side of the feed port of the pulverizing shell (1).

3. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening mechanism I (8) further includes a screening bracket (802), and the filter plate I (8012) and the filter plate II (8011) are both rotatably connected to the screening bracket (802). In addition, a synchronization rod (803) is provided between the filter plate I (8012) and the filter plate II (8011), and the synchronization rod (803) is movably connected to the filter plate I (8012) and the filter plate II (8011); A cam driving mechanism (804) is provided on one side of the synchronization rod (803), and the synchronization rod (803) performs up and down reciprocating linear motion through the cam driving mechanism (804).

4. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the synchronization rod (803) is at the lowest point of its travel, the height of each filter plate (801) away from the separation shell (4) is less than the height of the side close to the separation shell (4), and the horizontal center line of the filter plate I (8012) and the horizontal center line of the filter plate II (8011) are arranged in an interlaced manner.

5. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (9) is a double-roller crushing mechanism (9), and a screening mechanism II (7) is provided on the lower side of the crushing mechanism (9). The screening mechanism II (7) has the same structure as the screening mechanism I (8); One end of the filter plate II corresponding to the screening mechanism II (7) is located below the discharge port of the pulverizing shell (1), and the other end of the filter plate II corresponding to the screening mechanism II (7) is located above the feed pipe (6).

6. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A restraining cylinder (11) is coaxially fixedly connected to the interior of the separation shell (4), and both upper and lower ends of the restraining cylinder (11) are open structures. In addition, the feed pipe (6) is in communication with the restraining cylinder (11).

7. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of grid plates (12) are fixedly connected to the interior of the constraint cylinder (11), the grid plates (12) being located on the lower side of the feed pipe (6), and the height of each grid plate (12) on the side close to the central axis of the constraint cylinder (11) is smaller than the height of the side close to the central axis of the constraint cylinder (11).

8. The coal gangue slag crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (13) of the separation shell (4) is connected to a cyclone dust collector (5), and the discharge port on the lower side of the cyclone dust collector (5) is connected to a collecting pipe.

Images