Automatic pearl clamping and punching equipment and operation method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides automatic pearl clamping and punching equipment and an operation method, and relates to the technical field of pearl processing equipment. Comprising a base, a first motor, an adjusting mechanism and a clamping mechanism, the first motor is connected with the base, a drill bit is installed at the output end of the first motor, the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the base, the clamping mechanism is connected with the adjusting mechanism, and the three clamping parts are firstly driven to be away from one another so that pearls can be placed; according to the working process that the clamping parts are driven to be close to each other to stably clamp the pearls, then the pearls are transferred to the drill bit through the adjusting mechanism to be punched, and finally the clamping parts are reset to loosen and take out the pearls, cracks, damage or fragmentation of the pearls caused by too tight clamping can be avoided; the problems that in traditional pearl clamping and punching, due to improper clamping force, the quality of pearls is damaged, and the punching precision is insufficient are effectively solved, and then the utilization rate of the pearls and the precision and quality of follow-up jewelry processing are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pearl processing equipment, in particular to an automatic pearl clamping and punching device and an operating method. Background Art

[0002] Pearl drilling is a crucial step in the pearl processing and jewelry manufacturing industries. Pearls, with their unique luster and elegant form, are a highly sought-after material in jewelry processing. Drilling is a crucial step in integrating pearls with other jewelry components, adding greater design possibilities and practical value. Through precise drilling, pearls can be strung into necklaces and bracelets, or combined with metals and gemstones to create earrings, rings, and other exquisite jewelry. Therefore, the quality of pearl drilling directly impacts the subsequent processing and quality of the finished jewelry.

[0003] However, pearls are relatively fragile, with low hardness and a certain degree of brittleness, which poses a great challenge to the clamping and drilling operations of pearls. In the traditional pearl clamping and drilling process, controlling the clamping force is particularly critical. If the clamping is too tight, the pearls are prone to cracking, breaking, or even shattering due to excessive pressure, seriously affecting the quality and utilization rate of the pearls; if the clamping is too loose, the pearls may move or shake slightly during the drilling process, resulting in deviations in the drilling position, making it impossible to achieve the required precise drilling, and thus affecting the accuracy and quality of subsequent jewelry processing. Therefore, how to achieve stable clamping of pearls during the pearl drilling process while avoiding damage to the pearls due to improper clamping force has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current field of pearl jewelry processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an automatic pearl clamping and punching device and an operating method are provided to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present invention, an automatic pearl clamping and punching device is provided. The device comprises a base, a first motor, an adjustment mechanism, and a clamping mechanism. The first motor is connected to the base, and a drill bit is mounted on the output end of the first motor. The adjustment mechanism is mounted on the base, and the clamping mechanism is connected to the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism is used to drive the clamping mechanism to perform linear motion. The clamping mechanism comprises three clamping parts and a drive assembly. The three clamping parts are connected to the drive assembly. The drive assembly is used to drive the three clamping parts toward or away from each other. The clamping parts are made of rubber and are used to clamp pearls.

[0006] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes a second motor, a screw, a mounting block, two guide rails and a movable plate, the second motor is mounted on the base, the screw is rotatably connected to the base, and one end of the screw is connected to the output end of the second motor, the mounting block is threadedly connected to the screw, the two guide rails are mounted on the base, the movable plate is slidably mounted between the two guide rails, and the mounting block is fixedly connected to the movable plate.

[0007] Preferably, the two guide rails are provided with sliding grooves, and the side edges of the movable plate extend into the sliding grooves and are slidably connected to the sliding grooves.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping mechanism also includes a shell, a movable seat, a clamping arm, a monitoring assembly and a drive disk; the shell is connected to the adjustment mechanism, three sliding grooves are opened on the shell, the movable seat is slidably installed in the sliding grooves, the clamping arm is fixedly connected to the movable seat, the three clamping parts are connected to the clamping arm, the monitoring assembly is arranged on the clamping arm, the movable seat is provided with a transmission rack, one end of the drive disk is provided with a spiral clamping tooth matching the transmission rack, and the transmission rack is meshed with the spiral clamping tooth.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a third motor and a bevel gear, a fixed plate is provided on the housing, the third motor is mounted on the fixed plate, the output end of the third motor is connected to the bevel gear, and a tooth matching the bevel gear is provided on the side of the drive disk away from the spiral tooth, and the bevel gear is meshed with the tooth.

[0010] Preferably, the monitoring assembly includes three first pressure sensors and three second pressure sensors, the first pressure sensors are arranged between the clamping part and the clamping arm; one end of the second pressure sensor is rotatably connected to the clamping part, and the other end is rotatably connected to the clamping arm.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping mechanism also includes a negative pressure adsorption component, which includes a pump, three suction pipes, a four-way pipe and two stop valves. The pump is connected to the shell, and the pump input end is connected to one of the interfaces of the four-way pipe. The other three interfaces of the four-way pipe are respectively connected to the three suction pipes. The ends of the three suction pipes away from the four-way pipe pass through the movable seat and the clamping arm and extend into the clamping part. The end of the clamping part away from the clamping arm forms a suction cup structure, and the interior of the suction cup structure is connected to the suction pipe; the two stop valves are installed on the two suction pipes located on the upper side.

[0012] Preferably, a cooling mechanism is further included, which includes a storage box, a suction pump, a liquid inlet pipe and a cooling pipe. The storage box is connected to the input end of the suction pump through the liquid inlet pipe, and the cooling pipe is connected to the output end of the suction pump. The end of the cooling pipe away from the suction pump is curved.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism is provided with a mounting frame, and a collecting box is plugged into the interior of the mounting frame for collecting waste generated when the drill bit drills the pearls.

[0014] In a first aspect of the present invention, an automatic pearl clamping and punching device is provided. The implementation of the method relies on the above-mentioned automatic pearl clamping and punching device and includes the following steps: Step 1: Use the driving assembly to move the three clamping parts away from each other and place the pearl at the center of the three clamping parts.

[0015] Step 2: Start the driving assembly to drive the three clamping parts closer to each other, using the elastic deformation of the rubber material of the clamping parts to fit the surface of the pearl and generate uniform clamping force until the pearl is stably clamped.

[0016] Step 3: Start the adjustment mechanism to drive the clamping mechanism to move linearly along the base, moving the clamped pearl to the front of the drill bit.

[0017] Step 4: Start the first motor to drive the drill bit to rotate, and then continue to drive the clamping mechanism through the adjustment mechanism to slowly approach along the axis of the drill bit, so that the pearl contacts the rotating drill bit, completing the pearl drilling operation.

[0018] Step 5: After the drilling is completed, turn off the first motor to stop the drill bit from rotating; drive the clamping mechanism back to the initial position through the adjustment mechanism; start the drive assembly to move the three clamping parts away from each other and release the pearl.

[0019] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: The present invention provides an automatic pearl clamping and punching device and an operating method. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device first drives three clamping parts away from each other to place the pearl, then drives the clamping parts close to each other to stably clamp the pearl, then transfers the pearl to the drill bit through an adjustment mechanism for punching, and finally resets the clamping parts to release the pearl to remove the pearl. The device can achieve stable clamping of the pearl to ensure accurate punching position, and avoid cracks, breakage or fragmentation of the pearl due to over-tight clamping. It effectively solves the problems of damaged pearl quality and insufficient punching accuracy caused by improper clamping force in traditional pearl clamping and punching, thereby improving the utilization rate of the pearl and the accuracy and quality of subsequent jewelry processing.

[0020] By monitoring the tilting force of the clamping part through the second pressure sensor, the feed resistance changes caused by uneven material during the pearl drilling process can be detected in real time. The controller dynamically adjusts the number of revolutions of the second motor according to the monitoring data, reduces or adjusts the feed rate, thereby improving the drilling accuracy and reducing the risk of pearls being damaged due to sudden changes in resistance. At the same time, the fixing method of mechanical clamping and negative pressure adsorption components is combined, and the rubber elasticity of the clamping part is used to clamp the pearls to ensure accurate initial positioning. The negative pressure adsorption further enhances the fixing stability through the uniform adsorption force of the suction cup structure, effectively suppressing the vibration of the drill bit during high-speed rotation and the shaking of the pearls, reducing position deviation, especially for pearls with smooth surfaces, avoiding sliding or scratches that may be caused by mechanical clamping, and significantly improving the fixing reliability and drilling quality.

[0021] It should be understood that the contents described in the summary of the invention are not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 An exploded view of an automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 An exploded view from another perspective of the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the monitoring component and the cooling mechanism of the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the clamping mechanism and the movable plate of the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of a housing of an automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional connection structure of the clamping mechanism and the cooling mechanism of the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the slideway, the movable seat and the transmission rack of the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 9Shown Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the housing, movable plate and negative pressure adsorption component of the pearl automatic clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 11 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a clamping arm of an automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] The figures are marked as follows: 1-base, 2-first motor, 21-drill bit, 3-adjusting mechanism, 31-second motor, 32-screw, 33-mounting block, 34-guide rail, 35-moving plate, 36-first slide, 4-clamping mechanism, 41-housing, 411-second slide, 42-moving seat, 421-transmission rack, 43-clamping arm, 44-clamping part, 45-monitoring component, 451-first pressure sensor, 452-second pressure sensor , 453-controller, 46-drive assembly, 461-third motor, 462-cone gear, 47-negative pressure adsorption assembly, 471-pump, 472-suction pipe, 473-four-way pipe, 474-stop valve, 48-drive disk, 481-spiral gear, 482-gear, 5-cooling mechanism, 51-storage box, 52-suction pump, 53-liquid inlet pipe, 54-cooling pipe, 6-fixed plate, 7-pearl, 8-installation frame, 81-collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In this document, the term "and / or" simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] In a first aspect of the present invention, Figures 1 to 11As shown, the present invention discloses an automatic pearl clamping and punching device, comprising a base 1, a first motor 2, an adjustment mechanism 3, and a clamping mechanism 4. The base 1 serves as the basic support component of the device, and the first motor 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 1. A drill bit 21 is mounted on the output end of the first motor 2, which rotates synchronously with the output shaft of the first motor 2. The adjustment mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the base 1, providing stable support throughout the adjustment process. When the adjustment mechanism 3 is in operation, it drives the clamping mechanism 4 to move linearly along a preset direction. Through precise control of the adjustment mechanism 3, the position of the clamping mechanism 4 on the base 1 is changed, thereby adjusting the relative position between the pearl held by the clamping mechanism 4 and the drill bit 21, facilitating subsequent punching of the pearl 7. The clamping portion 44 is connected to a drive assembly 46. When the drive assembly 46 is in operation, it drives the three clamping portions 44 toward or away from each other. The clamping portions 44 are made of rubber. When the three clamping portions 44 are in close proximity, they can stably clamp the pearl 7. The rubber has a soft texture, which prevents damage to the pearl surface. When clamping pearls 7, as the three clamping parts 44 approach each other, the elastic deformation of the rubber allows the clamping parts 44 to fit tightly against the surface of the pearls 7, while also generating a uniform clamping force. This prevents pearls 7 from being damaged by excessive clamping force, and also prevents pearls 7 from being displaced during the drilling process by insufficient clamping force. This elastic clamping method can accommodate pearls of different sizes and shapes, improving the versatility of the device.

[0027] In actual use, when a pearl 7 needs to be drilled, the three clamping parts 44 are first moved apart by the drive assembly 46, and the pearl 7 is placed at the center of the three clamping parts 44. The drive assembly 46 then drives the clamping parts 44 toward each other until the three clamping parts 44 firmly hold the pearl 7. Next, the adjustment mechanism 3 operates, driving the clamping mechanism 4 to move linearly along the base 1, moving the clamped pearl 7 in front of the drill bit 21. At this point, the first motor 2 is activated, driving the drill bit 21 to rotate at high speed. Subsequently, the adjustment mechanism 3 continues to drive the clamping mechanism 4 in linear motion, causing the pearl to move along the axis of the drill bit 21 toward the drill bit, thereby drilling the pearl 7. After drilling is completed, the first motor 2 stops, the adjustment mechanism 3 drives the clamping mechanism 4 back to its initial position, and the drive assembly 46 moves the clamping parts 44 apart. The drilled pearl 7 is removed, completing the drilling process.

[0028] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 3 includes a second motor 31, a screw 32, a mounting block 33, two guide rails 34, and a movable plate 35. The second motor 31 is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the base 1. The two ends of the screw 32 are rotatably connected to the base 1, and one end of the screw 32 is fixed to the output terminal of the second motor 31. The inner wall of the mounting block 33 is provided with an internal thread structure that matches the external thread of the screw 32. The mounting block 33 is connected to the screw 32 through the thread. When the screw 32 rotates, the mounting block 33 is driven by the thread to move linearly along the axis of the screw 32. The two guide rails 34 are fixed parallel to the top surface of the base 1. The length of the guide rails 34 is consistent with the axis of the screw 32. The top surface of the guide rails 34 is provided with a first slide groove 36 extending along the length to guide and limit the movable plate 35. The movable plate 35 is rectangular, and its two side edges extend into the first slide groove 36 of the two guide rails 34, forming a sliding fit with the first slide groove 36, allowing the movable plate 35 to slide smoothly along the length of the guide rails 34. The mounting block 33 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the movable plate 35 . When the mounting block 33 moves along the screw rod 32 , the movable plate 35 is synchronously driven to slide in the first sliding groove 36 of the guide rail 34 .

[0029] During actual use, the second motor 31 of the adjustment mechanism 3 is in standby mode, the screw 32 is stationary, the mounting block 33 and the movable plate 35 are in their initial positions, and the clamping mechanism 4 is in the loading position. The control system then instructs the second motor 31 of the adjustment mechanism 3 to start, rotating the screw 32 and moving the mounting block 33 along the axis of the screw 32, simultaneously driving the movable plate 35 and the clamping mechanism 4 in linear motion. As the movable plate 35 continues to move, it pulls the clamping mechanism 4 and the pearl closer to the drill bit 21 until the drill bit 21 penetrates the pearl, completing the drilling process.

[0030] In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a shell 41, a movable seat 42, a clamping arm 43, a monitoring assembly 45 and a drive disk 48. The shell 41 is a hollow cylindrical structure, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to the movable plate 35 of the adjustment mechanism 3. Three second radially extending chutes 411 are evenly distributed around the top surface to guide the movement of the movable seat 42. The movable seat 42 is embedded in the second chutes 411 and can slide radially along the second chutes 411. The second chutes 411 are fixedly connected to the clamping arm 43. The end of the clamping arm 43 away from the movable seat 42 is connected to the clamping portion 44. A transmission rack 421 is provided on the inner side of the movable seat 42, and the tooth direction of the transmission rack 421 is consistent with the radial direction of the second chutes 411. The drive disk 48 is coaxially mounted in the center of the shell 41. The spiral direction of the spiral latch 481 matches the rotation direction of the drive disk 48, and the tooth profile is engaged with the transmission rack 421. When drive disc 48 rotates, driven by drive assembly 46, helical teeth 481 engage and push transmission rack 421 radially, thereby driving movable seat 42 and clamping arm 43 synchronously toward or away from the center of housing 41, thereby closing or opening the three clamping portions 44. A monitoring assembly 45, located at the horizontal end of clamping arm 43, monitors the contact pressure during the clamping of pearls 7 in real time to prevent damage to the pearls due to excessive clamping force.

[0031] In actual use, in the open state: the drive disc 48 rotates counterclockwise, the spiral gear 481 drives the transmission rack 421 to move toward the periphery of the housing 41, and the three clamping arms 43 expand outward synchronously with the movable base 42, and the clamping portion 44 opens to the maximum spacing, facilitating the placement of the pearl 7. In the clamping state: the drive disc 48 rotates clockwise, the spiral gear 481 pushes the transmission rack 421 toward the center, and the clamping arms 43 drive the clamping portion 44 to retract until the rubber clamping portion 44 contacts the surface of the pearl 7. The monitoring component 45 stops moving after detecting the preset clamping force, achieving stable clamping.

[0032] In this embodiment, the drive assembly 46 includes a third motor 461 and a bevel gear 462. A fixed plate 6 is vertically fixed to the outer wall of the housing 41. The fixed plate 6 is a rectangular flat plate with its surface perpendicular to the axis of the housing 41. The third motor 461 is mounted on the fixed plate 6, with its end fixed to the bevel gear 462, ensuring that the bevel gear 462 rotates synchronously with the output shaft of the third motor 461.

[0033] In actual use, the drive disc 48 is provided with a circle of latch teeth 482 on the side facing away from the spiral latch teeth 481, i.e., on the side near the center of the housing 41. The tooth profile of the latch teeth 482 matches the tooth profile of the bevel gear 462. When the third motor 461 is started, the output shaft rotates the bevel gear 462, which in turn rotates the drive disc 48 about its own axis through meshing transmission. The spiral latch teeth 481 then cooperate with the transmission rack 421 to drive the drive disc 48.

[0034] In this embodiment, the monitoring assembly 45 includes three first pressure sensors 451 and three second pressure sensors 452. The first pressure sensors 451 are disposed between the clamping portion 44 and the clamping arm 43. The second pressure sensors 452 have one end pivotally connected to the clamping portion 44 and the other end pivotally connected to the clamping arm 43. The first and second pressure sensors 451 and 452 are protected by a stainless steel housing with a silicone rubber cushioning layer on top to disperse stress and enhance contact with the clamping portion 44. This embodiment also includes a controller 453 for receiving monitoring data from the first and second pressure sensors 451 and 452.

[0035] In actual use, there are three first pressure sensors 451, one installed at each interface between the clamping portion 44 and the clamping arm 43. The first pressure sensor 451 is a thin-film structure, affixed to a mounting slot at the end of the clamping arm 43 using high-temperature resistant epoxy adhesive. Its sensing surface is in perfect contact with the back of the clamping portion 44. When the clamping portion 44 contacts the surface of the pearl 7 and generates pressure, this pressure is transmitted through the clamping portion 44 to the first pressure sensor 451. The first pressure sensor 451 monitors the pressure applied to the clamping portion 44 and transmits the pressure data to the controller 453.

[0036] The second pressure sensor 452 is a cylindrical structure with pivot joints at each end. One end is pivotally connected to the center of the outer side of the clamping portion 44 via a pin, and the other end is pivotally connected to the center of the vertical section of the clamping arm 43 via another pin. This second pressure sensor 452 is used to detect the tilting force of the clamping portion 44. During the drilling process of the pearl 7, as the adjustment mechanism 3 advances, the clamping portion 44 may tilt slightly or tend to tilt due to the uneven material of the pearl 7. At this time, the second pressure sensor 452 monitors the force acting on the clamping portion 44 and transmits the monitoring data to the controller 453.

[0037] The controller 453 is connected to the regulating mechanism 3. When it is detected that the feeding resistance increases, the controller 453 controls the number of revolutions of the second motor 31 to decrease, thereby reducing the feeding speed to ensure the punching accuracy.

[0038] In this embodiment, the clamping mechanism 4 also includes a negative pressure adsorption component 47, which includes a pump 471, three suction pipes 472, a four-way pipe 473 and two stop valves 474. The pump 471 adopts a micro diaphragm vacuum pump. The pump 471 is bolted to the outer wall of the housing 41 via a shock-absorbing rubber pad to reduce the impact of pump vibration on the clamping accuracy. The input end of the pump 471 is connected to the four-way pipe 473, and the connection is tightened with a hose clamp to ensure an airtight seal. The suction pipe 472 adopts a stainless steel capillary. The suction pipe 472 starts from the four-way pipe 473, first extends radially along the inner wall of the housing 41, then enters the clamping arm 43 through the interior of the movable seat 42, and finally passes through the clamping arm 43 and extends into the clamping portion 44. The input end of the pump 471 is connected to one of the interfaces of the four-way pipe 473, and the other three interfaces of the four-way pipe 473 are respectively connected to the three suction pipes 472. The shutoff valves 474 are miniature electromagnetic shutoff valves, mounted on the two upper suction tubes 472, allowing for quick disconnection and reconnection of the negative pressure channel. The suction cup structure of the clamping portion 44 is generally truncated cone-shaped, with concentric annular grooves machined into the suction surface to increase the suction contact area and improve suction stability. The rear end of the suction cup structure is connected to the end of the suction tube 472 and is further sealed and reinforced with silicone glue.

[0039] In actual use, the three clamping arms 43 are controlled to open, with the three clamping arms 43 distributed equidistantly in a circular pattern. One clamping arm 43 is located at the bottom. The two stop valves 474 are controlled to close, and the suction pipe 472 at the bottom is connected to the cross-way pipe 473. The pump 471 is controlled to start, and the suction pipe 472 at the bottom will pump air, placing the pearl 7 on the suction cup structure of the clamping portion 44 at the bottom. The suction cup structure creates a negative pressure inside, which absorbs the pearl. The three clamping arms 43 are then controlled to move closer together. When all three clamping portions 44 are in contact with the pearl 7, the three clamping portions 44 are controlled to move closer together. The first pressure sensor 451 will monitor the pressure value. When the pressure value monitored by the first pressure sensor 451 reaches a preset threshold, the pearl is initially fixed. At this point, the fixing force will not damage the pearl, but it lacks a certain degree of stability. The two stop valves 474 are controlled to open, and the suction force of the suction cup structure of the three clamping portions 44 is used to further fix the pearl, ensuring the stability of the pearl. Adsorption forces initially secure pearl 7 to the center of the three clamping portions 44, minimizing positional deviation during mechanical clamping. In addition to the mechanical clamping force, negative pressure adsorption provides an additional securing effect, effectively suppressing the wobbling of pearl 7 and minimizing positional deviation during drilling, particularly when the drill bit 21 rotates at high speed and generates vibrations. For pearls with smooth surfaces, simple mechanical clamping can cause slippage or surface scratches. Negative pressure adsorption, however, prevents localized stress concentrations through the evenly distributed adsorption force.

[0040] By monitoring the tilting force of the clamping part through the second pressure sensor, the feed resistance changes caused by uneven material during the pearl drilling process can be detected in real time. The controller dynamically adjusts the number of revolutions of the second motor according to the monitoring data, reduces or adjusts the feed rate, thereby improving the drilling accuracy and reducing the risk of pearls being damaged due to sudden changes in resistance. At the same time, the fixing method of mechanical clamping and negative pressure adsorption components is combined, and the rubber elasticity of the clamping part is used to clamp the pearls to ensure accurate initial positioning. The negative pressure adsorption further enhances the fixing stability through the uniform adsorption force of the suction cup structure, effectively suppressing the vibration of the drill bit during high-speed rotation and the shaking of the pearls, reducing position deviation, especially for pearls with smooth surfaces, avoiding sliding or scratches that may be caused by mechanical clamping, and significantly improving the fixing reliability and drilling quality.

[0041] In this embodiment, a cooling mechanism 5 is also included, comprising a storage tank 51, a suction pump 52, a liquid inlet pipe 53, and a cooling pipe 54. The input end of the suction pump 52 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 53, and the output end is connected to the cooling pipe 54, ensuring quick assembly and disassembly and sealing of the fluid path. The liquid inlet pipe 53 is made of a high-pressure resistant silicone tube, wrapped with an insulating layer on the outside to reduce the impact of ambient temperature on the coolant; the cooling pipe 54 is a stainless steel capillary tube with a polished inner wall to reduce fluid resistance. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 53 is connected to the bottom outlet of the storage tank 51 via a threaded joint, and the other end is connected to the input end of the suction pump 52 via a ferrule-type joint. The cooling pipe 54 is curved at the end away from the suction pump 52, with the terminal outlet facing the contact area between the drill bit 21 and the pearl 7. It is used to discharge coolant onto the pearl 7 to ensure that it will not overheat during the drilling process, while also providing a certain lubrication effect to improve drilling accuracy.

[0042] In actual use, after the suction pump 52 is powered on, the coolant deionized water or special cutting fluid in the storage tank 51 is sucked into the pump body through the liquid inlet pipe 53. The coolant is pressurized by the suction pump 52 and enters the cooling pipe 54. Finally, it is sprayed out from the nozzle of the cooling pipe 54, directly acting on the contact area between the drill bit 21 and the pearl 7, absorbing the friction heat generated during the drilling process.

[0043] In this embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 3 is provided with a mounting frame 8, into which a collection box 81 is inserted for collecting waste material generated when the drill bit 21 engages the pearls 7. The mounting frame 8 is formed by bending a stainless steel plate and is fixed to the upper surface of the movable plate 35 of the adjustment mechanism 3, located directly below the clamping mechanism 4. The inner sidewall of the frame is loosely fitted with the outer sidewall of the collection box 81, ensuring smooth insertion and removal of the collection box 81.

[0044] In actual use, mounting frame 8 receives waste materials generated during the processing of pearls 7, including pearl debris and powder, which fall directly into collection box 81 under the action of gravity. Coolant ejected from cooling mechanism 5 carries some of the waste materials toward collection box 81, which is located directly below clamping mechanism 4. When adjustment mechanism 3 drives clamping mechanism 4 to move below drill bit 21 for drilling, collection box 81 moves synchronously with movable plate 35, always positioned directly below the processing area, catching the fallen waste materials and returning coolant.

[0045] In another aspect of the present invention, a method for operating a pearl automatic clamping and punching device is provided, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Prepare the equipment and place the pearls; start the pearl automatic clamping and punching equipment, ensure that the first motor 2, the adjustment mechanism 3 and the clamping mechanism 4 are in the initial state, use the driving component 46 to move the three clamping parts 44 away from each other, and place the pearl 7 at the center position of the three clamping parts 44.

[0046] Step 2: Clamp the pearls; start the drive assembly 46 to drive the three clamping parts 44 closer to each other, and use the elastic deformation of the rubber material of the clamping parts 44 to fit the surface of the pearls 7 and generate a uniform clamping force until the pearls 7 are stably clamped, ensuring that the clamping force is moderate to avoid damage to the pearls 7 or displacement during drilling.

[0047] Step 3: Adjust the position of the clamping mechanism; start the adjustment mechanism 3, drive the clamping mechanism 4 to move linearly along the base 1, move the clamped pearl 7 to the front of the drill bit 21, adjust the relative position of the pearl 7 and the drill bit 21, and prepare for the drilling operation.

[0048] Step 4: Execute the drilling operation; start the first motor 2 to drive the drill bit 21 to rotate at high speed, and then continue to drive the clamping mechanism 4 to slowly approach along the axis direction of the drill bit 21 through the adjustment mechanism 3, so that the pearl 7 contacts the rotating drill bit 21, completing the drilling operation of the pearl 7.

[0049] Step 5: Complete the drilling and remove the pearl; after the drilling is completed, turn off the first motor 2 to stop the rotation of the drill bit 21; drive the clamping mechanism 4 back to the initial position through the adjustment mechanism 3; start the drive assembly 46 to move the three clamping parts 44 away from each other, release the pearl 7, and carefully remove the punched pearl 7 to complete the entire drilling process.

[0050] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pearl automatic clamping and punching device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a first motor (2), an adjusting mechanism (3) and a clamping mechanism (4), wherein the first motor (2) is connected to the base (1), a drill bit (21) is installed at the output end of the first motor (2), the adjusting mechanism (3) is arranged on the base (1), the clamping mechanism (4) is connected to the adjusting mechanism (3), and the adjusting mechanism (3) is used to drive the clamping mechanism (4) to perform linear motion; The clamping mechanism (4) comprises three clamping parts (44) and a driving assembly (46). The three clamping parts (44) are connected to the driving assembly (46). The driving assembly (46) is used to drive the three clamping parts (44) to move closer to or farther from each other. The clamping parts (44) are made of rubber. The three clamping parts (44) are used to clamp the pearls (7).

2. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a second motor (31), a screw (32), a mounting block (33), two guide rails (34) and a movable plate (35), wherein the second motor (31) is mounted on the base (1), the screw (32) is rotatably connected to the base (1), and one end of the screw (32) is connected to the output end of the second motor (31), the mounting block (33) is threadedly connected to the screw (32), the two guide rails (34) are mounted on the base (1), the movable plate (35) is slidably mounted between the two guide rails (34), and the mounting block (33) is fixedly connected to the movable plate (35).

3. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first sliding groove (36) is provided on the two guide rails (34), and the side of the movable plate (35) extends into the first sliding groove (36) and is slidably connected to the first sliding groove (36).

4. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) further comprises a shell (41), a movable seat (42), a clamping arm (43), a monitoring assembly (45) and a driving disk (48); the shell (41) is connected to the adjusting mechanism (3); three second slide grooves (411) are provided on the shell (41); the movable seat (42) is slidably mounted in the second slide grooves (411); the clamping arm (43) is fixedly connected to the movable seat (42); the three clamping portions (44) are connected to the clamping arm (43); the monitoring assembly (45) is arranged on the clamping arm (43); the movable seat (42) is provided with a transmission rack (421); one end of the driving disk (48) is provided with a spiral clamping tooth (481) matching the transmission rack (421); the transmission rack (421) is meshed with the spiral clamping tooth (481).

5. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (46) includes a third motor (461) and a bevel gear (462). A fixing plate (6) is provided on the housing (41). The third motor (461) is mounted on the fixing plate (6). The output end of the third motor (461) is connected to the bevel gear (462). A tooth (482) matching the bevel gear (462) is provided on the side of the driving disc (48) facing away from the spiral tooth (481). The bevel gear (462) is meshed with the tooth (482).

6. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring assembly (45) includes three first pressure sensors (451) and three second pressure sensors (452), wherein the first pressure sensors (451) are arranged between the clamping portion (44) and the clamping arm (43); One end of the second pressure sensor (452) is rotatably connected to the clamping portion (44), and the other end is rotatably connected to the clamping arm (43).

7. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (4) further includes a negative pressure adsorption assembly (47), which includes a pump (471), three suction pipes (472), a four-way pipe (473) and two stop valves (474). The pump (471) is connected to the housing (41), and the input end of the pump (471) is connected to one of the interfaces of the four-way pipe (473). The other three interfaces of the four-way pipe (473) are respectively connected to the three suction pipes (472). The ends of the three suction pipes (472) away from the four-way pipe (473) pass through the movable seat (42) and the clamping arm (43) and extend into the clamping portion (44). The end of the clamping portion (44) away from the clamping arm (43) forms a suction cup structure, and the interior of the suction cup structure is communicated with the suction pipe (472). The two stop valves (474) are installed on the two suction pipes (472) located on the upper side.

8. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a cooling mechanism (5), wherein the cooling mechanism (5) includes a storage box (51), a suction pump (52), a liquid inlet pipe (53) and a cooling pipe (54), wherein the storage box (51) is connected to the input end of the suction pump (52) via the liquid inlet pipe (53), and the cooling pipe (54) is connected to the output end of the suction pump (52), and the end of the cooling pipe (54) away from the suction pump (52) is curved.

9. The automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism (3) is provided with a mounting frame (8), and a collecting box (81) is plugged into the interior of the mounting frame (8) for collecting waste generated when the drill bit (21) drills the pearl (7).

10. A method for operating a pearl automatic clamping and punching device, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using the automatic pearl clamping and punching device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps: Step 1: Using the driving assembly (46), the three clamping parts (44) are moved away from each other, and the pearl (7) is placed at the center of the three clamping parts (44); Step 2: Start the driving assembly (46) to drive the three clamping parts (44) to move closer to each other, and utilize the elastic deformation of the rubber material of the clamping parts (44) to fit the surface of the pearl (7) and generate a uniform clamping force until the pearl (7) is stably clamped; Step 3: Start the adjustment mechanism (3) to drive the clamping mechanism (4) to move linearly along the base (1) to move the clamped pearl (7) to the front of the drill bit (21); Step 4: Start the first motor (2) to drive the drill bit (21) to rotate, and then continue to drive the clamping mechanism (4) through the adjustment mechanism (3) to slowly approach along the axis of the drill bit (21), so that the pearl (7) contacts the rotating drill bit (21), completing the drilling operation of the pearl (7); Step 5: After the drilling is completed, the first motor (2) is turned off to stop the rotation of the drill bit (21); the clamping mechanism (4) is driven to return to the initial position through the adjustment mechanism (3); the driving assembly (46) is started to move the three clamping parts (44) away from each other, thereby releasing the pearl (7).

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