Tunnel and underground space anti-seismic combined structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel and underground space anti-seismic combined structure, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel and underground space supporting. Comprising an arch face supporting unit and an inverted arch supporting unit, the outermost layer of the arch face supporting unit is a corrugated reinforced supporting plate layer with corrugations on the two faces, the middle layer is a foam waterproof concrete filling layer, and the innermost layer is an arch supporting component layer; inverted arch supporting units are arranged at the bottoms of the left side and the right side of a tunnel, and the inverted arch supporting units are used for supporting arch face supporting units. The outermost layer of the arch face supporting unit adopts the corrugated reinforced supporting plate layer, the innermost layer is the arch supporting component layer, and the space between the two layers is filled with the foam waterproof concrete, so that seismic wave energy transmitted to the innermost layer structure of the tunnel can be buffered and reduced, direct damage of an earthquake to the overall structure of the tunnel is reduced, and the service life of the tunnel is prolonged. Therefore, the high-strength anti-seismic function is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground space support, and in particular to an earthquake-resistant combined structure of a tunnel and underground space. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel support refers to the technical measures taken to support and reinforce the surrounding area of the tunnel during tunnel construction to ensure construction safety, stability and convenience. It can effectively prevent tunnel deformation and collapse, improve construction safety, and ensure the stability of the tunnel structure.

[0003] However, due to their unique geographical location and structural characteristics, tunnels may face serious safety hazards in the face of disasters such as earthquakes, which directly affect traffic safety and traffic capacity, and cause serious social and economic losses. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out research on seismic fortification technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tunnel and underground space seismic resistant combined structure to solve the technical problem of poor seismic performance of tunnel support in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a tunnel and underground space seismic combined structure to solve the technical problem of poor seismic performance of tunnel support in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a tunnel and underground space seismic composite structure, characterized in that it comprises an arch surface support unit, wherein the outermost layer of the arch surface support unit is a corrugated reinforced support plate layer with corrugations on both sides, the middle layer is a foam waterproof concrete filling layer, and the innermost layer is an arch support component layer;

[0008] It also includes an inverted arch support unit, which is arranged at the bottom of the left and right sides of the tunnel. The inverted arch support unit is used to support the arch surface support unit and form a closed ring structure together with the arch surface support unit to resist formation pressure and external loads.

[0009] Furthermore, the corrugated reinforced support plate layer is formed by splicing support plate monomers, wherein the axial direction of the tunnel is the length direction of the support plate monomer, and the circumferential direction of the tunnel arch surface is the width direction of the support plate monomer; socket steel bars and sockets are provided at both ends of the width direction of any one of the support plate monomers, and two adjacent support plate monomers in the width direction are connected by the socket steel bars and the sockets.

[0010] Furthermore, at both ends in the width direction of any one of the support plate monomers, one end is provided with a socket protrusion and the other end is provided with a socket groove, and the socket protrusions and socket grooves of the two adjacent support plate monomers in width cooperate with each other; it also includes anti-slip steel bars, which extend along the length direction of the support plate monomer and are inserted into the socket protrusions and socket grooves after the two adjacent support plate monomers cooperate with each other.

[0011] Furthermore, the support plate unit is provided with reinforcing ribs arranged perpendicularly and crosswise to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing material filling layer is poured into the joints between adjacent support plate units.

[0013] Furthermore, the arch support component layer is formed by splicing arch support units, wherein the axial direction of the tunnel is the length direction of the arch support unit, and the circumferential direction of the tunnel arch surface is the width direction of the arch support unit; arch ribs are provided at both ends of the width direction of any arch support unit, and the arch rib at one end is provided with a protrusion, and the protrusion extends in a direction away from the arch support unit, and a groove is provided on the arch rib at the other end, and the two adjacent arch support units in the width direction are connected to the groove through the protrusion.

[0014] Furthermore, at both ends in the length direction of any one of the arched support units, one end is provided with a steel convex plate, and the other end is provided with a connecting groove, and two adjacent arched support units in the length direction are connected to the connecting groove through the steel convex plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a steel frame is provided inside the arch support unit, and a lightweight foam concrete coating is provided on the periphery of the steel frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel skeleton is a double-layer steel mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, prefabricated grooves for clamping the arch surface support unit are provided at both ends of the inverted arch support unit along the axial direction of the tunnel, and threaded holes for bolts to pass through are provided on the side walls of the prefabricated grooves, and the bottom of the arch surface support unit is connected to the prefabricated grooves by bolts.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Due to the adoption of the above-mentioned scheme, the outermost layer of the arch surface support unit of the present invention adopts a corrugated reinforced support plate layer, the innermost layer is an arch support component layer, and foam waterproof concrete is filled between the two layers, which can buffer and reduce the transmission of seismic wave energy to the innermost structure of the tunnel, reduce the direct damage of the earthquake to the overall structure of the tunnel, and thus make it have high-strength seismic resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local structure of the corrugated reinforced support plate layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the inverted arch support unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of an arch support unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of an arched support unit from another perspective in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the foam waterproof concrete filling layer and the arched supporting component layer in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1. Corrugated reinforced support plate layer; 2. Arch support component layer; 3. Foam waterproof concrete filling layer; 4. Inverted arch support unit; 5. Threaded hole; 6. Precast groove; 7. Joint; 8. Arch rib; 9. Steel convex plate; 10. Connection groove; 11. Socket steel bar; 12. Socket hole; 13. Bump; 14. Groove; 15. Support plate unit; 16. Arch support unit; 17. Anti-slip steel bar; 18. Socket protrusion; 19. Socket groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] The present invention provides a tunnel and underground space earthquake-resistant combined structure with high-efficiency earthquake-resistant performance.

[0031] refer to Figures 1 to 6 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a tunnel and underground space seismic composite structure, including an arch surface support unit, the outermost layer of the arch surface support unit is a corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 with corrugations on both sides, the middle layer is a foam waterproof concrete filling layer 3, and the innermost layer is an arch support component layer 2; it also includes an inverted arch support unit 4, which is arranged at the bottom of the left and right sides of the tunnel. The inverted arch support unit 4 is used to support the arch surface support unit and form a closed ring structure together with the arch surface support unit to resist formation pressure and external loads.

[0032] Among them, the foam waterproof concrete material is a lightweight material made by mixing the foam generated by a foaming agent with a cement-based slurry to fill its interior with closed pores. This material has both buffering and waterproof functions; this embodiment adopts "corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 + arch support component layer 2", which greatly enhances the mechanical strength and rigidity of the composite structure. At the same time, the filling thickness of the middle foam waterproof concrete filling layer 3 reaches 30cm, which plays a "double" seismic and waterproof role, forming an overall high-strength seismic and waterproof composite structure.

[0033] The inverted arch support unit 4 is prefabricated with lightweight foam reinforced concrete, installed at the bottom of the left and right sides of the tunnel and arranged along the axial direction of the tunnel. After the arch surface support unit and the inverted arch support unit 4 are installed in place, the mechanical advantages of the arch structure are utilized to form a closed ring structure in the tunnel, converting the stratum pressure and external load into compressive stress inside the structure, thereby providing stable support for the tunnel. Combined with the seismic and waterproof functions of the arch surface support unit, it greatly reduces the subsequent maintenance cost, extends the service life and improves safety performance.

[0034] In this embodiment, the corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 is formed by splicing support plate monomers 15, wherein the axial direction of the tunnel is the length direction of the support plate monomer 15, and the circumferential direction of the tunnel arch surface is the width direction of the support plate monomer 15; both ends of the width direction of any support plate monomer 15 are provided with socket steel bars 11 and sockets 12, and two adjacent support plate monomers 15 in the width direction are connected by the socket steel bars 11 and the sockets 12; wherein the support plate monomer 15 is a prefabricated component, which can be quickly assembled on site after being transported to the site, and is fixed by means of socket steel bars 11 and sockets 12, without the need for on-site welding or binding operations, thereby reducing operation time while improving connection accuracy, and significantly saving labor and construction period;

[0035] Furthermore, at both ends in the width direction of any support plate monomer 15, one end is provided with a socket protrusion 18, and the other end is provided with a socket groove 19, and the socket protrusion 18 and the socket groove 19 of the two support plate monomers 15 adjacent in width cooperate with each other; it also includes anti-slip steel bars 17, which extend along the length direction of the support plate monomer 15 and are inserted into the socket protrusion 18 and the socket groove 19 after the two adjacent support plate monomers 15 cooperate with each other; by setting the socket protrusion 18 and the socket groove 19, not only the connection strength of the support plate monomer 15 in the width direction is improved, but also a connection basis is provided for the connection of adjacent support plate monomers 15 in the length direction.

[0036] In this embodiment, the support plate units 15 are provided with reinforcing ribs arranged perpendicularly and crosswise to each other, so as to improve the structural strength of each support plate unit.

[0037] In this embodiment, a sealing material filling layer is poured into the joints 7 of adjacent support plate monomers 15. After the sealing material hardens, a continuous transition layer will be formed, which will bond the spliced support plate monomers 15 into a whole, thereby improving the bearing strength. At the same time, the hardened sealing material layer can effectively improve the sealing of the corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 and prevent liquid penetration.

[0038] The arch support component layer 2 of this embodiment is formed by splicing arch support monomers 16, wherein the length direction of the arch support monomer 16 is along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the width direction of the arch support monomer 16 is along the circumferential direction of the tunnel arch surface; both ends of the width direction of any arch support monomer 16 are provided with arch ribs 8, and the arch rib 8 at one end is provided with a protrusion 13, which extends in a direction away from the arch support monomer 16, and the arch rib 8 at the other end is provided with a groove 14, and the two adjacent arch support monomers 16 in the width direction are connected to the groove 14 through the protrusion 13; wherein the arch support monomer 16 is a prefabricated component, which can be quickly assembled on site after being transported to the site, and fixed by the protrusion 13 and the groove 14, and also does not need On-site welding or binding operations can be performed to reduce operation time while improving connection accuracy, and the setting of the arch rib 8 improves the shear strength of the connection end of the arch support monomer 16; further, at both ends of the length direction of any arch support monomer 16, one end is provided with a steel convex plate 9, and the other end is provided with a connecting groove 10, and the two adjacent arch support monomers 16 in the length direction are connected to the connecting groove 10 through the steel convex plate 9; the shape of the convex block 13 is adapted to the shape of the groove 14, and the shape of the steel convex plate 9 is adapted to the shape of the connecting groove 10, therefore, the adjacent arch support monomers 16 are connected by a convex-concave structure, which is firmly fixed, integrally connected, and bears force together. At the same time, this structure can effectively slow down the water seepage and waterproofing problems of the joints.

[0039] In this embodiment, the interior of the arch support unit 16 is provided with a steel skeleton, and the periphery of the steel skeleton is provided with a lightweight foam concrete coating. At the same time, the steel skeleton is a double-layer steel mesh, which on the one hand increases the bending resistance, and on the other hand makes the connection and attachment between the double-layer steel mesh and the lightweight foam concrete more firmly.

[0040] In this embodiment, both ends of the inverted arch support unit 4 are provided with prefabricated grooves 6 for clamping the arch surface support unit along the axial direction of the tunnel. The side walls of the prefabricated grooves are provided with threaded holes 5 for bolts to pass through. The bottom of the arch surface support unit is connected to the prefabricated grooves 6 by bolts.

[0041] The construction method is as follows:

[0042] Step 1: First, calculate the optimal arch axis shape of the proposed tunnel and the maximum safe depth of each excavation. Then, excavate the entire section according to the reasonable arch axis type and excavation footage. At the same time, prefabricate the support plate unit 15 and the arch support unit 16 according to the optimal arch axis shape.

[0043] Step 2: After the full section is excavated to the calculated safe length according to the calculated excavation advance, the surrounding rock of the excavation surface shall be sprayed with waterproof concrete for an initial thickness of 5-10 cm in a timely manner to improve the temporary stability of the surrounding rock and prevent rock collapse, thereby ensuring construction safety.

[0044] Step 3: From the bottom to the top, first install and fix the inverted arch support units 4 symmetrically on both sides, then install the support plate monomers 15 symmetrically and fix them to the inverted arch support units 4 with bolts to avoid unilateral tilting and collapse due to uneven force; finally, install the top cap.

[0045] Step 4: After each excavation footage is assembled, foam waterproof concrete is used to fill and seal the gaps between the surrounding rock and the corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 again, and each joint 7 is sealed. All joints need to be sealed with sealing materials.

[0046] Step 5: After the corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 is installed stably, the innermost arch support component layer 2 is installed.

[0047] Step 6: Install the innermost arched support member layer 2, also using a bilaterally symmetrical installation sequence, from bottom to top. After a certain height has been achieved, the intermediate layer of foamed waterproof concrete is filled between the corrugated reinforced support plate layer 1 and the arched support member layer 2. Once the installed arched support member layer 2 and the foamed waterproof concrete filling layer 3 are substantially stable, the next stage of work can be carried out. This cycle continues until the entire tunnel high-strength seismic-resistant composite structure is completed.

[0048] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. It is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the present invention, and any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims to which they relate.

Claims

1. A tunnel and underground space seismic combined structure, characterized in that: It includes an arch support unit, wherein the outermost layer of the arch support unit is a corrugated reinforced support plate layer with corrugations on both sides, the middle layer is a foam waterproof concrete filling layer, and the innermost layer is an arch support component layer; It also includes an inverted arch support unit, which is arranged at the bottom of the left and right sides of the tunnel. The inverted arch support unit is used to support the arch surface support unit and form a closed ring structure together with the arch surface support unit to resist formation pressure and external loads.

2. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corrugated reinforced support plate layer is formed by splicing support plate monomers, wherein the axial direction of the tunnel is the length direction of the support plate monomer, and the circumferential direction of the tunnel arch surface is the width direction of the support plate monomer; both ends of the width direction of any support plate monomer are provided with socket steel bars and sockets, and two adjacent support plate monomers in the width direction are connected by the socket steel bars and the sockets.

3. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: At both ends in the width direction of any one of the support plate monomers, one end is provided with a socket protrusion and the other end is provided with a socket groove, and the socket protrusions and socket grooves of the two adjacent support plate monomers in width cooperate with each other; it also includes anti-slip steel bars, which extend along the length direction of the support plate monomer and are inserted into the socket protrusions and socket grooves after the two adjacent support plate monomers cooperate with each other.

4. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting plate unit is provided with reinforcing ribs which are arranged perpendicularly and crosswise to each other.

5. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing material filling layer is poured into the joints between adjacent supporting plate units.

6. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arch support component layer is formed by splicing arch support monomers, wherein the axial direction of the tunnel is the length direction of the arch support monomer, and the circumferential direction of the tunnel arch surface is the width direction of the arch support monomer; arch ribs are provided at both ends of the width direction of any arch support monomer, and the arch rib at one end is provided with a protrusion, which extends in the direction away from the arch support monomer, and the arch rib at the other end is provided with a groove, and two adjacent arch support monomers in the width direction are connected to the groove through the protrusion.

7. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: At both ends of the length direction of any arched support unit, one end is provided with a steel convex plate, and the other end is provided with a connecting groove, and two adjacent arched support units in the length direction are connected to the connecting groove through the steel convex plate.

8. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A steel frame is provided inside the arch support unit, and a lightweight foam concrete coating is provided on the periphery of the steel frame.

9. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steel frame is a double-layer steel mesh.

10. The tunnel and underground space seismic-resistant combined structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the inverted arch support unit are provided with prefabricated grooves along the axial direction of the tunnel for clamping the arch surface support unit. The side walls of the prefabricated grooves are provided with threaded holes for bolts to pass through. The bottom of the arch surface support unit is connected to the prefabricated grooves by bolts.

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