Axial-angular magnetic field synergistic arc chamber for shock wave arc wind tunnel

Abstract

The invention discloses an axial-angular magnetic field synergistic arc chamber for a shock wave arc wind tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of arc discharge. The problems of uneven temperature distribution of an arc chamber, low conversion efficiency from electric energy to heat energy and the like caused by a traditional electrode structure are solved. A left detachable flange and a right detachable flange are installed at the two ends of the arc chamber shell respectively, the electrode assembly is installed in the arc chamber shell, an outer electrode of the electrode assembly is of a spiral structure, and an inner electrode of the electrode assembly is of a circular truncated cone shape. The arc chamber adopts coaxial combination of the spiral outer electrode and the circular truncated cone-shaped inner electrode, the spiral outer electrode and the circular truncated cone-shaped inner electrode act synergistically to force the arc to extend along a spiral track, and the arc length and resistance are remarkably increased, so that the temperature distribution of the arc chamber is more uniform, and the conversion efficiency from electric energy to heat energy is higher. According to the electrode modular design, the number of two turns of detachable spiral electrode modules is increased or decreased, the arc current and speed are dynamically adjusted, and arc quenching caused by too large current is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of arc discharge, and in particular relates to an axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock wave arc wind tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Hypersonic vehicles, due to their strategic value in the military and aerospace sectors, have become a focal point of technological competition among nations. During high-speed flight, the intense interaction between the vehicle and the atmosphere generates strong shock waves. The resulting extreme aerodynamic and thermal environment, resulting from the interaction between shock waves and the boundary layer, poses significant challenges to the design of vehicle materials and structures. To accurately simulate these complex flows, shock arc wind tunnels have become indispensable ground-based testing equipment. Their core drive section uses electric arc heating to generate high-temperature, high-pressure gases, reproducing the shock wave structure found in real-world flight conditions.

[0003] However, current electrode structures, such as the standard coaxial electrode structure, produce arcs with characteristics such as uneven heating and low resistance, as well as problems such as uneven temperature distribution in the arc chamber and low efficiency in converting electrical energy into thermal energy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems of uneven temperature distribution in the arc chamber and low efficiency in converting electrical energy into thermal energy caused by the traditional electrode structure, thereby providing an axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for shock wave arc wind tunnels.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock arc wind tunnel comprises a left detachable flange, an arc chamber shell, a right detachable flange and an electrode assembly; the left detachable flange and the right detachable flange are respectively installed at both ends of the arc chamber shell, and the electrode assembly is installed in the arc chamber shell, the outer electrode of the electrode assembly adopts a spiral structure, and the inner electrode of the electrode assembly adopts a truncated cone structure.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] The arc chamber of the present invention utilizes a coaxial combination of a spiral outer electrode and a truncated cone inner electrode. The angular current flowing through the spiral outer electrode generates an axial magnetic field, driving the arc's angular motion; the axial current flowing through the truncated cone inner electrode generates an angular magnetic field, driving the arc's axial motion. The synergistic effect of these two electrodes forces the arc to extend along a spiral trajectory, significantly increasing its length and resistance. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution in the arc chamber and higher efficiency in converting electrical energy into thermal energy.

[0009] 2. The modular design of the electrode of the present invention dynamically adjusts the arc current and speed by increasing or decreasing the number of two-turn detachable spiral electrode modules, thereby avoiding arc extinction due to excessive current.

[0010] 3. The electric explosion metal wire of the present invention is used to quickly generate a plasma channel during the arc starting stage to ensure stable arc triggering.

[0011] 4. The present invention combines the advantages of coordinated magnetic field control and modular expansion, providing a reliable solution for the efficient and stable operation of shock tunnels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the electrode module of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 This is the cloud diagram of the magnetic induction intensity distribution generated by 4, 6, 8 and 10-turn spiral electrodes under 10kA simulation using COMSOL software;

[0015] Among them: 1. Left detachable flange; 2. Arc chamber shell; 3. Right detachable flange; 4. Outer electrode; 5. Inner electrode; 6. Electric explosion wire; 7. Outer electrode screw; 8. Inner electrode screw; 9. Electrode module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock arc wind tunnel, comprising a left detachable flange 1, an arc chamber shell 2, a right detachable flange 3 and an electrode assembly; the left detachable flange 1 and the right detachable flange 3 are respectively installed at both ends of the arc chamber shell 2, and the electrode assembly is installed in the arc chamber shell 2, the outer electrode 4 of the electrode assembly adopts a spiral structure, and the inner electrode 5 of the electrode assembly adopts a truncated cone structure.

[0018] The left detachable flange 1 is located on the left side of the arc chamber housing 2 and is connected to the arc chamber housing 2 through threads.

[0019] The right detachable flange 3 is located on the right side of the arc chamber housing 2 and is connected to the arc chamber housing 2 through threads.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the electrode assembly includes an outer electrode 4, an inner electrode 5, an electric explosion wire 6, an outer electrode screw 7 and an inner electrode screw 8; the outer electrode 4 is fixed to the arc chamber shell 2 by the outer electrode screw 7, and the inner electrode 5 is fixed to the right detachable flange 3 by the inner electrode screw 8. The inner electrode 5 is coaxially arranged in the outer electrode 4, and the electric explosion wire 6 connects the inner electrode 5 and the outer electrode 4. Metal plasma is formed at the moment the switch is closed for arc starting.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the external electrode 4 is composed of at least two turns of electrode modules 9 that are detachably connected in series. The number of electrode modules 9 is preferably two turns or is increased or decreased based on two turns. Each turn of electrode module 9 is spiral-shaped, and one end of each turn of electrode module 9 is a protruding thread and the other end is a threaded hole. The two adjacent turns of electrode modules 9 are connected by threads to form a spiral external electrode 4.

[0022] The direction of the current in the outer electrode 4 is angular, which can provide an axial magnetic field and generate an angular Ampere force on the radial arc current, causing the arc to move angularly;

[0023] The current direction in the inner electrode 5 is axial, which can provide an angular magnetic field and generate an axial Ampere force on the radial arc current, causing the arc to move axially.

[0024] The outer electrode 4 and the inner electrode 5 cause the arc to move in a spiral motion.

[0025] The electrode module 9 is adapted to the modular power supply. The more power modules are put into use, the greater the arc current.

[0026] According to the arc motion speed formula: ,

[0027] In the formula is the arc current, is the magnetic induction intensity generated by the electrode, is the aerodynamic drag coefficient, is the gas density, = is the arc diameter. The number of turns of the outer electrode 4 needs to be reduced accordingly to select a suitable arc speed, because an excessively large arc speed will cause arc extinction.

[0028] like Figure 3 This is the cloud diagram of the magnetic induction intensity distribution generated by 4, 6, 8 and 10-turn spiral electrodes under COMSOL software simulation conditions at 10kA.

[0029] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are intended to be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock arc wind tunnel, characterized by: The invention comprises a left detachable flange (1), an arc chamber shell (2), a right detachable flange (3) and an electrode assembly; the left detachable flange (1) and the right detachable flange (3) are respectively installed at both ends of the arc chamber shell (2); the electrode assembly is installed in the arc chamber shell (2); the outer electrode (4) of the electrode assembly adopts a spiral structure, and the inner electrode (5) of the electrode assembly adopts a truncated cone structure.

2. The axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock arc wind tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode assembly comprises an outer electrode (4), an inner electrode (5), an electric explosion wire (6), an outer electrode screw (7) and an inner electrode screw (8); the outer electrode (4) is fixed to the arc chamber shell (2) via the outer electrode screw (7), the inner electrode (5) is fixed to the right detachable flange (3) via the inner electrode screw (8), the inner electrode (5) is coaxially arranged in the outer electrode (4), and the electric explosion wire (6) connects the inner electrode (5) and the outer electrode (4).

3. The axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock arc wind tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer electrode (4) is composed of at least two turns of electrode modules (9) that are detachably connected in series, each turn of the electrode module (9) being spiral-shaped, with one end of each turn of the electrode module (9) being a protruding thread and the other end being a threaded hole, and two adjacent turns of the electrode modules (9) being connected by threads to form a spiral outer electrode (4).

4. The axial-angular magnetic field coordinated arc chamber for a shock arc wind tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direction of the current in the outer electrode (4) is angular, which can provide an axial magnetic field and generate an angular Ampere force on the radial arc current, causing the arc to move angularly; The direction of the current in the inner electrode (5) is axial, which can provide an angular magnetic field and generate an axial Ampere force on the radial arc current, causing the arc to move axially. The outer electrode (4) and the inner electrode (5) cause the arc to move in a spiral motion.

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