Pelletizing method for sugarcane single-bud seed stems

Abstract

The invention discloses a granulating method for sugarcane single-bud seed stems, and relates to the technical field of preparation of sugarcane seed stems. The specific pelletizing method comprises the following steps: sterilizing sugarcane single bud seed stems, and drying the surface moisture in the air; wrapping a layer of thin inner layer material outside the single-bud seed stem, and drying; wrapping a layer of thin middle layer material outside the seed stem containing the inner layer material, and drying; and wrapping a layer of thicker outer-layer material outside the seed stem containing the middle-layer material, and drying to obtain the sugarcane single-bud seed stem pill. According to the method, the single-bud section of the original seedling stem of the healthy sugarcane seedling is coated with three layers of materials, the problem that the nutrient and stress resistance requirements of the single-bud section are difficult to meet by adopting a conventional coating method is solved, the single-bud seed stem pellets prepared by adopting the method are used for planting, the germination rate is high, the tillering rate is high, the disease resistance is high, and the yield is high. And the sugarcane seedlings are not easily poisoned by soil acid and aluminum.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane seed stem preparation, in particular to a pelletizing method for sugarcane single-bud seed stems. Background Art

[0002] Currently, sugarcane farmers retain about 70% of their seed stems for themselves. This traditional method of seed-saving cultivation can yield up to 15 tons of seed per hectare, while the standardized healthy single-bud seed stems produced by the seed stem factory can yield as little as 3 tons per hectare. 2 , which is only 1 / 5 of the traditional seed usage. This allows a lot of raw sugarcane originally reserved for seed stems to be sent to the factory for crushing, which can directly increase the total sucrose production in the sugarcane area. Healthy sugarcane seedlings are virus-free tissue culture seedlings of sugarcane. They are disease-free sugarcane plants obtained by culturing the young heart leaves or stem tip meristems of sugarcane. Virus-free healthy sugarcane seedlings have the advantages of fast growth, strong tillering ability, high stem formation rate, high yield, and low seed usage. They can accelerate the rapid reproduction of fine sugarcane varieties, eliminate the degradation of fine varieties and the decline in quality and yield caused by farmers' self-retained seeds, and solve the problem of sugarcane consuming a large amount of raw sugarcane due to the large amount of seeds used. However, the current price of sugarcane seedlings is expensive, with a price of 1-1.5 yuan per plant. The planting cost is high, and efficient propagation is needed to achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement. The applicant tried to use the original seedling main stem with 6-7 nodes to cut into single bud segments for propagation in order to achieve rapid and efficient propagation, and has achieved initial results. However, due to the small biomass of the single bud seed stem, the length of each single bud seed stem is only 0.8-1.5 cm, the nutrients are low, the germination rate, tillering rate and stress resistance are poor, and the conventional sugarcane seed stem coating method is difficult to meet the nutrient and stress resistance requirements. In addition, the seed stem is relatively short, and it is easy for the machine to get stuck during mechanized planting, resulting in uneven planting. Therefore, the applicant tried to make the seed stem with small biomass into a pellet structure to increase the volume to meet the nutrient and mechanical planting requirements, while also improving stress resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a method for pelletizing single-bud sugarcane seed stems, which solves the problem that conventional coating methods are difficult to meet the nutrient and stress resistance requirements of single-bud sugarcane seed stems with small biomass. The single-bud sugarcane seed stem pellets prepared by the method of the present invention are planted, and not only have a high germination rate, a high tillering rate, and strong disease resistance, but also the sugarcane seedlings are not easily poisoned by soil acid aluminum. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] A method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane comprises the following steps:

[0005] (1) Seed stem preparation: Soak the single bud sugarcane seed stem in disinfectant, allow it to dry naturally, and set aside;

[0006] (2) preparing pellet materials: the pellet materials include inner layer materials, middle layer materials and outer layer materials;

[0007] The inner layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of glucose, 3-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-7 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.2-0.6 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.4-0.9 parts of cytokinin, 12-16 parts of cyclodextrin, 20-30 parts of clay and 7-10 parts of a binder;

[0008] The middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.2 parts of prochloraz, 1.0-1.5 parts of carbendazim, 0.5-0.8 parts of baicalein, 7-12 parts of cyclodextrin, 10-15 parts of clay and 5-8 parts of binder;

[0009] The outer layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-10 parts of bentonite, 5-9 parts of perlite, 6-12 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 10-17 parts of cyclodextrin, 2-6 parts of sawdust, 8-16 parts of biochar and 15-23 parts of binder;

[0010] (3) pelleting of single bud seed stems: wrapping the outer surface of the single bud seed stems in step (1) with a layer of the inner layer material with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and drying at 30-35° C. for 10-20 min; wrapping the outer surface of the seed stems containing the inner layer material with a layer of the middle layer material with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and drying at 30-35° C. for 5-10 min; wrapping the outer surface of the seed stems containing the middle layer material with a layer of the outer layer material with a thickness of 0.8-1.0 cm, and drying at 30-35° C. for 1-2 h, to obtain sugarcane single bud seed stem pellets.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (1), the diameter of the single bud seed stem is 0.5-1.0 cm, and the length is 0.8-1.0 cm. The single bud seed stem is obtained by culturing 6-7 nodes of sugarcane virus-free tissue culture seedlings and cutting each node.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (2), the inner layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-15 parts of glucose, 6-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-6 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.4-0.5 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.4-0.5 parts of cytokinin, 14-16 parts of cyclodextrin, 25-28 parts of clay and 8-10 parts of binder.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-1.2 parts of prochloraz, 1.0-1.3 parts of carbendazim, 0.7-0.8 parts of baicalein, 10-12 parts of cyclodextrin, 10-13 parts of clay and 7-8 parts of binder.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (2), the outer layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7-9 parts of bentonite, 7-8 parts of perlite, 8-11 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 14-16 parts of cyclodextrin, 3-4 parts of sawdust, 9-14 parts of biochar and 18-20 parts of binder.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (2), the binder is one of starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin or gum arabic.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (3), the wrapping method of the inner layer material is as follows: S1, first slowly add the binder in the inner layer material into water while stirring, the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2-6, and an inner layer binder solution is prepared; S2, the glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, cyclodextrin and clay are mixed and ground, and then mixed with the indolebutyric acid and cytokinin to obtain an inner layer mixed filler; S3, the single bud seed stem of step (1) is placed in a coating pelletizing machine, and the inner layer binder solution is sprayed into the machine while stirring at a speed of 20-35r / min. After the surface of the single bud seed stem is evenly coated with the inner layer binder solution, the inner layer mixed filler is added and stirred at a speed of 35-45r / min to the target thickness.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), the wrapping method of the middle layer material is as follows: S1, first slowly add the binder in the middle layer material into water while stirring, the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2-3, and a middle layer binder solution is prepared; S2, after mixing and grinding the cyclodextrin and clay, mix them with the prochloraz, carbendazim and baicalein to obtain a middle layer mixed filler; S3, put the seed stem containing the inner layer material into a coating pelletizing machine, and spray the middle layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 20-35r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the middle layer binder solution, add the middle layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 35-45r / min to the target thickness.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (3), the wrapping method of the outer layer material is as follows: S1, first slowly add the binder in the outer layer material into water while stirring, the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:10-15, to prepare an outer layer binder solution; S2, grind and mix the bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, cyclodextrin, sawdust and biochar to obtain an outer layer mixed filler; S3, put the seed stem containing the middle layer material into a coating pelletizing machine, spray the outer layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 20-35r / min, after the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the outer layer binder solution, add the outer layer mixed filler, and stir at a speed of 30-35r / min to the target thickness.

[0019] The seed stem pellets of the present invention need to be stored in a dry place and need to be watered immediately after sowing.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention addresses the problem of conventional coating methods failing to meet the nutritional and stress resistance requirements of small-biomass single-bud sugarcane seed stalks by coating them with three layers of material. Planting the sugarcane seed stalk pellets produced using this method not only results in high germination and tillering rates, but also enhances disease resistance. Furthermore, the sugarcane seedlings are less susceptible to soil acid and aluminum toxicity. Furthermore, the pellet structure increases the volume of the sugarcane seed stalks, making them suitable for mechanized planting.

[0022] 2. The glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and ammonium chloride in the inner layer material of the present invention can provide nutrients for the seed stems, indolebutyric acid and cytokinin can promote root growth and tillering, and cyclodextrin can quickly absorb water and retain moisture, thereby promoting seed stem germination. The cyclodextrin, clay, and binder work together to enhance the mechanical strength of the inner layer material, making it less likely to decompose when absorbing water. Nutrients and hormone components will not be lost due to the decomposition of the inner layer material, thereby ensuring the supply of nutrients and promoting rooting, germination, and tillering. At the same time, the inner layer material is wrapped in a thin thickness, allowing sugarcane buds to easily penetrate without affecting budding.

[0023] 3. The prochloraz, carbendazim and baicalein in the middle layer material of the present invention can improve the disease resistance of the seed stem. The cyclodextrin, clay and binder can work together to enhance the mechanical strength of the middle layer material, making it difficult for the middle layer material to crack when absorbing water. The drug components will not be lost due to the cracking of the middle layer material, thereby improving the disease resistance. At the same time, there is an inner layer material between the middle layer material and the seed stem, which does not directly contact the seed stem, thereby avoiding the occurrence of drug damage. The wrapping thickness is relatively thin, and the sugarcane buds can easily penetrate without affecting budding.

[0024] 4. The outer layer of the present invention is relatively thick, and the bentonite therein easily expands and ruptures when absorbing water; the perlite is porous and breathable, and does not absorb water, which increases the air permeability of the seed stem, but easily expands and cracks when absorbing water; sodium bicarbonate produces carbon dioxide when it comes into contact with water, increasing the pressure inside the pellets, thereby promoting the cracking of the pellet layer; and sawdust easily disperses when it comes into contact with water. Therefore, the bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, and sawdust work together to make the outer layer material easy to crack after absorbing water, and the budding of sugarcane is not affected by the relatively thick outer layer material. At the same time, the biochar can adsorb and passivate aluminum ions in the soil, and the sodium bicarbonate can neutralize hydrogen ions. The combined action of biochar and sodium bicarbonate can reduce the acid-aluminum content of the soil. After the sugarcane is planted and watered, the outer layer material cracks, reducing the acidity of the soil around the seed stem, providing a good microenvironment for the sugarcane, and protecting the newly formed roots and buds from acid-aluminum poisoning. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] A method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane comprises the following steps:

[0028] (1) Seed stem preparation: After the sugarcane virus-free tissue culture seedlings have grown to 6 nodes, each node is cut off to obtain a single bud seed stem, which is then soaked in a disinfectant (800 times diluted 40% chlorothalonil suspension) for 20 minutes; the single bud seed stem has a diameter of 0.5 cm and a length of 0.8 cm;

[0029] (2) preparing pellet materials: the pellet materials include inner layer materials, middle layer materials and outer layer materials;

[0030] The inner layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of glucose, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of ammonium chloride, 0.2 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.4 parts of cytokinin, 12 parts of cyclodextrin, 20 parts of clay (the main component is kaolinite, the same below) and 7 parts of starch.

[0031] The middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 parts of prochloraz, 1.0 parts of carbendazim, 0.5 parts of baicalein, 7 parts of cyclodextrin, 10 parts of clay and 5 parts of starch.

[0032] The outer layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of perlite, 6 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 10 parts of cyclodextrin, 2 parts of sawdust, 8 parts of biochar and 15 parts of starch.

[0033] (3) Single bud seed stem pelleting:

[0034] S1. Wrap the outer surface of the single bud seed stem in step (1) with a layer of inner layer material with a thickness of 2 mm, and dry it at 30°C for 10 minutes. The wrapping method of the inner layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the inner layer material into water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2 to prepare an inner layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, cyclodextrin and clay, and mix them with indolebutyric acid and cytokinin to obtain an inner layer mixed filler; S3. Put the single bud seed stem into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the inner layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 20 r / min. After the surface of the single bud seed stem is evenly coated with the inner layer binder solution, add the inner layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 35 r / min to the target thickness.

[0035] S2. Wrap the seed stem containing the inner layer material with a layer of the middle layer material with a thickness of 1 mm, and dry it at 30°C for 5 minutes. The wrapping method of the middle layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the middle layer material into water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2 to prepare a middle layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind cyclodextrin and clay, and then mix them with the prochloraz, carbendazim and baicalein to obtain a middle layer mixed filler; S3. Put the seed stem containing the inner layer material into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the middle layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 20r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the middle layer binder solution, add the middle layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 35r / min to the target thickness.

[0036] S3. Wrap the seed stem containing the middle layer material with a layer of the outer layer material with a thickness of 0.8 cm, and dry it at 30°C for 1 hour to obtain a sugarcane single bud seed stem pill; the wrapping method of the outer layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the outer layer material into water while stirring, and the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:10 to prepare an outer layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, cyclodextrin, sawdust and biochar to obtain an outer layer mixed filler; S3. Put the seed stem containing the middle layer material into a coating pelletizing machine, and spray the outer layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 20r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the outer layer binder solution, add the outer layer mixed filler, and stir at a speed of 30r / min to the target thickness.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Seed stem preparation: Single-bud sugarcane seed stems were densely planted with a spacing of 10 cm between plants and 15 cm between rows. Mature sugarcane was cut to obtain single-bud seed stems, which were then soaked in a disinfectant (800 times diluted 40% chlorothalonil suspension) for 30 minutes. The single-bud seed stems had a diameter of 1.0 cm and a length of 1.0 cm.

[0040] (2) preparing pellet materials: the pellet materials include inner layer materials, middle layer materials and outer layer materials;

[0041] The inner layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of glucose, 8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 7 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.6 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.9 parts of cytokinin, 16 parts of cyclodextrin, 30 parts of clay (the main component is kaolinite, the same below) and 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0042] The middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of prochloraz, 1.5 parts of carbendazim, 0.8 parts of baicalein, 12 parts of cyclodextrin, 15 parts of clay and 8 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0043] The outer layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of bentonite, 9 parts of perlite, 12 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 17 parts of cyclodextrin, 6 parts of sawdust, 16 parts of biochar and 23 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0044] (3) Single bud seed stem pelleting:

[0045] S1. Wrap the outer surface of the single bud seed stem in step (1) with a layer of inner layer material with a thickness of 3 mm, and dry it at 35°C for 20 minutes. The wrapping method of the inner layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the inner layer material into water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:6 to prepare an inner layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, cyclodextrin and clay, and mix them with indolebutyric acid and cytokinin to obtain an inner layer mixed filler; S3. Put the single bud seed stem into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the inner layer binder solution at a speed of 35r / min while stirring. After the surface of the single bud seed stem is evenly coated with the inner layer binder solution, add the inner layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 45r / min to the target thickness.

[0046] S2. Wrap the seed stem containing the inner layer material with a layer of the middle layer material with a thickness of 3 mm, and dry it at 35°C for 10 minutes. The wrapping method of the middle layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the middle layer material into water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:3 to prepare a middle layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind cyclodextrin and clay, and then mix them with the prochloraz, carbendazim and baicalein to obtain a middle layer mixed filler; S3. Put the seed stem containing the inner layer material into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the middle layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 35r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the middle layer binder solution, add the middle layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 45r / min to the target thickness.

[0047] S3. Wrap the seed stem containing the middle layer material with a layer of the outer layer material with a thickness of 1.0 cm, and dry it at 35°C for 2 hours to obtain sugarcane single bud seed stem balls; the wrapping method of the outer layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the outer layer material into water while stirring, and the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:15 to prepare an outer layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, cyclodextrin, sawdust and biochar to obtain an outer layer mixed filler; S3. Put the seed stem containing the middle layer material into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the outer layer binder solution at a speed of 35r / min while stirring. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the outer layer binder solution, add the outer layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 35r / min to the target thickness.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane comprises the following steps:

[0050] (1) Seed stem preparation: After the sugarcane virus-free tissue culture seedlings have 7 nodes, each node is cut off to obtain a single bud seed stem, which is then soaked in a disinfectant (800 times diluted 40% chlorothalonil suspension) for 25 minutes; the single bud seed stem has a diameter of 0.8 cm and a length of 0.9 cm;

[0051] (2) preparing pellet materials: the pellet materials include inner layer materials, middle layer materials and outer layer materials;

[0052] The inner layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of glucose, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.5 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.5 parts of cytokinin, 15 parts of cyclodextrin, 27 parts of clay and 9 parts of gelatin.

[0053] The middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.1 parts of prochloraz, 1.2 parts of carbendazim, 0.7 parts of baicalein, 11 parts of cyclodextrin, 12 parts of clay and 8 parts of gelatin.

[0054] The outer layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of perlite, 10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 15 parts of cyclodextrin, 4 parts of sawdust, 12 parts of biochar and 19 parts of gelatin.

[0055] (3) Single bud seed stem pelleting:

[0056] S1. Wrap the outer surface of the single bud seed stem in step (1) with a layer of inner layer material with a thickness of 3 mm, and dry it at 32°C for 15 minutes. The wrapping method of the inner layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the inner layer material into water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:4 to prepare an inner layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, cyclodextrin and clay, and mix them with indolebutyric acid and cytokinin to obtain an inner layer mixed filler; S3. Put the single bud seed stem into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the inner layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 30 r / min. After the surface of the single bud seed stem is evenly coated with the inner layer binder solution, add the inner layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 40 r / min to the target thickness.

[0057] S2. Wrap the seed stem containing the inner layer material with a layer of the middle layer material with a thickness of 2 mm, and dry it at 32°C for 7 minutes. The wrapping method of the middle layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the middle layer material into water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2.5 to prepare a middle layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind cyclodextrin and clay, and then mix them with the prochloraz, carbendazim and baicalein to obtain a middle layer mixed filler; S3. Put the seed stem containing the inner layer material into a coating and pelletizing machine, and spray the middle layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 30r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the middle layer binder solution, add the middle layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 40r / min to the target thickness.

[0058] S3. Wrap the seed stem containing the middle layer material with a layer of the outer layer material with a thickness of 0.9 cm, and dry it at 32°C for 1.5 hours to obtain sugarcane single bud seed stem balls; the wrapping method of the outer layer material is as follows: S1. First, slowly add the binder in the outer layer material into water while stirring, and the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:13 to prepare an outer layer binder solution; S2. Mix and grind bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, cyclodextrin, sawdust and biochar to obtain an outer layer mixed filler; S3. Put the seed stem containing the middle layer material into a coating pelletizing machine, and spray the outer layer binder solution while stirring at a speed of 30r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the outer layer binder solution, add the outer layer mixed filler and stir at a speed of 32r / min to the target thickness.

[0059] Comparative Example 1: The inner layer material, the middle layer material and the outer layer material are mixed together to form pellets. The material coating method is as follows: S1. First, the binder is slowly added to the water while stirring. The mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:17 to prepare a binder solution; S2. The raw materials are ground and mixed to obtain a mixed filler; S3. The seed stems are placed in a coating pelletizing machine, and the binder solution is sprayed into the machine while stirring at a speed of 30 r / min. After the surface of the seed stems is evenly coated with the binder solution, the mixed filler is added and stirred at a speed of 32 r / min to the same thickness as in Example 1 to obtain sugarcane seed stem pellets.

[0060] Comparative Example 2: The cyclodextrin and clay in the inner layer material were replaced with an equal amount of bentonite, and the other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 3: The cyclodextrin and clay in the middle layer material were replaced with an equal amount of bentonite, and the other steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 4: The outer layer material does not contain bentonite and sawdust, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 5: The outer layer material does not contain perlite and sodium bicarbonate, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Guitang No. 44 was used as the planting variety. Single-bud seed-stem pellets prepared in each example and comparative examples 1 to 4 were planted at a sugarcane planting base in Wuming County, Guangxi. Each group planted 100 seed-stem pellets, with three replicates. Planting spacing was 30 cm, row spacing was 120 cm, and 1,800 pellets were planted per mu. Watering was performed immediately after planting, and the planting management methods were consistent across all groups. The survival rate of each group was calculated as follows: survival rate = (number of surviving plants / number of plants planted) × 100%. Tillering rate and morbidity were also calculated two months after planting, as well as yield at maturity. Morbidity was calculated by randomly selecting 50 plants from each group to observe the incidence of smut. Morbidity (%) = (number of affected seedlings / total number of plants surveyed) × 100%. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Implantation results of each group

[0066] Group Survival rate (%) Tillering rate (%) Incidence (%) Yield (t / mu) Example 1 99 310 0 8.0 Example 2 100 310 0 8.1 Example 3 100 330 0 8.2 Comparative Example 1 92 275 40 7.0 Comparative Example 2 93 278 36 7.1 Comparative Example 3 94 280 38 7.3 Comparative Example 4 96 285 2 7.8 Comparative Example 5 95 290 0 7.9

[0067] Table 1 illustrates that the seed stem pellets produced by the present invention can improve survival rate, tillering rate, and yield, while reducing morbidity. The data from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 show that easily cleaved encapsulating materials or easily cleaved inner and middle layers can affect nutrient availability to the seed stem and the effectiveness of pest control agents, thereby reducing survival rate and tillering rate and increasing morbidity. The data from Example 1 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 show that if the outer layer of the encapsulating material is not easily cleaved, the survival rate and tillering rate will be affected to a certain extent, and yield will also be slightly reduced.

[0068] Therefore, the combined effect of bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate and sawdust can make the outer layer material easily decompose after absorbing water, and the sugarcane will not be affected in germination and tillering due to the relatively thick outer layer material. At the same time, the cyclodextrin and clay in the inner and middle layer materials can prevent nutrients and anti-disease and insecticides from being lost, thereby improving the survival rate and tillering rate and reducing the incidence rate.

[0069] Comparative Example 6: The outer layer material does not contain biochar, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0070] Guitang No. 44 was used as a planting variety, and the single bud seed stem pellets prepared in each embodiment and comparative examples 5 and 6 were planted. The planting location was Dingdang Town, Longan County, Guangxi. The soil type in the planting area was sandy loam. The physical and chemical properties of the sugarcane soil before planting were as follows: organic matter content 20.09 g / kg, total nitrogen content 0.124%, total phosphorus content 0.036%, total potassium content 0.51%, pH 4.5-4.7, which is acidic soil. Each group planted 60 seed stem pellets, with 3 replicates. The planting management methods of each group were consistent. The acid-aluminum toxicity of each group was statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2. The acid-aluminum toxicity was determined by observing the leaf tips of the plants 2 months after planting. More than 80% of the leaves were severely chlorotic, and 10-20% of the leaves were slightly chlorotic (mild chlorotic is resistant to acid-aluminum, while severe chlorotic is not resistant to acid-aluminum).

[0071] Table 2 Acid-aluminum poisoning in each group

[0072] Group Plant leaf tip Example 1 No chlorosis Example 2 No chlorosis Example 3 No chlorosis Comparative Example 5 Mild chlorosis Comparative Example 6 Mild chlorosis

[0073] Table 2 shows that the combined effects of biochar and sodium bicarbonate can alleviate the degree of soil acid-aluminum. After sugarcane is planted and watered, the outer layer of material breaks down, reducing the acidity of the soil around the stem, providing a good microenvironment for the sugarcane and protecting the new roots, buds, and leaves from acid-aluminum toxicity.

[0074] In summary, after the pellets of the present invention are planted and watered, the outer layer material is cracked, which reduces the acid-aluminum content of the soil, while the middle and inner layer materials are not easy to crack, and nutrients and chemicals are sufficient, which promotes the rooting, germination and tillering of the seed stems, thereby improving the germination rate, tillering rate, disease resistance and acid-aluminum resistance.

[0075] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for purposes of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is apparent that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments have been selected and described for the purpose of explaining the specific principles of the invention and their practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to realize and utilize a variety of exemplary embodiments of the invention and various options and modifications. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for pelletizing single bud seed stems of sugarcane, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed stem preparation: Soak the single bud sugarcane seed stem in disinfectant, allow it to dry naturally, and set aside; (2) preparing pellet materials: the pellet materials include inner layer materials, middle layer materials and outer layer materials; The inner layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of glucose, 3-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-7 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.2-0.6 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.4-0.9 parts of cytokinin, 12-16 parts of cyclodextrin, 20-30 parts of clay and 7-10 parts of a binder; The middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-1.2 parts of prochloraz, 1.0-1.5 parts of carbendazim, 0.5-0.8 parts of baicalein, 7-12 parts of cyclodextrin, 10-15 parts of clay and 5-8 parts of binder; The outer layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-10 parts of bentonite, 5-9 parts of perlite, 6-12 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 10-17 parts of cyclodextrin, 2-6 parts of sawdust, 8-16 parts of biochar and 15-23 parts of binder; (3) pelleting of single bud seed stems: wrapping the outer surface of the single bud seed stems in step (1) with a layer of the inner layer material with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and drying at 30-35° C. for 10-20 min; wrapping the outer surface of the seed stems containing the inner layer material with a layer of the middle layer material with a thickness of 1-3 mm, and drying at 30-35° C. for 5-10 min; wrapping the outer surface of the seed stems containing the middle layer material with a layer of the outer layer material with a thickness of 0.8-1.0 cm, and drying at 30-35° C. for 1-2 h, to obtain sugarcane single bud seed stem pellets.

2. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the diameter of the single bud seed stem is 0.5-1.0 cm and the length is 0.8-1.0 cm.

3. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the inner layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 13-15 parts of glucose, 6-8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5-6 parts of ammonium chloride, 0.4-0.5 parts of indolebutyric acid, 0.4-0.5 parts of cytokinin, 14-16 parts of cyclodextrin, 25-28 parts of clay and 8-10 parts of binder.

4. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the middle layer material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-1.2 parts of prochloraz, 1.0-1.3 parts of carbendazim, 0.7-0.8 parts of baicalein, 10-12 parts of cyclodextrin, 10-13 parts of clay and 7-8 parts of binder.

5. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the outer layer material includes the following components in parts by weight: 7-9 parts of bentonite, 7-8 parts of perlite, 8-11 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 14-16 parts of cyclodextrin, 3-4 parts of sawdust, 9-14 parts of biochar and 18-20 parts of binder.

6. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the binder is one of starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin or gum arabic.

7. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the wrapping method of the inner layer material is as follows: S1, first slowly add the binder in the inner layer material into water while stirring, the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2-6, and an inner layer binder solution is prepared; S2, the glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium chloride, cyclodextrin and clay are mixed and ground, and then mixed with the indolebutyric acid and cytokinin to obtain an inner layer mixed filler; S3, the single bud seed stem is placed in a coating pelletizing machine, and the inner layer binder solution is sprayed into the machine while stirring at a speed of 20-35r / min. After the surface of the single bud seed stem is evenly coated with the inner layer binder solution, the inner layer mixed filler is added and stirred at a speed of 35-45r / min to the target thickness.

8. The method for pelletizing single bud sugarcane stems according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the wrapping method of the middle layer material is as follows: S1, first slowly add the binder in the middle layer material into water while stirring, the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:2-3, and a middle layer binder solution is prepared; S2, after the cyclodextrin and clay are mixed and ground, they are mixed with the prochloraz, carbendazim and baicalein to obtain a middle layer mixed filler; S3, the seed stem containing the inner layer material is placed in a coating pelletizing machine, and the middle layer binder solution is sprayed into the seed stem while stirring at a speed of 20-35r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the middle layer binder solution, the middle layer mixed filler is added and stirred at a speed of 35-45r / min to the target thickness.

9. The method for pelletizing a single bud seed stem of sugarcane according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the wrapping method of the outer layer material is as follows: S1, first slowly add the binder in the outer layer material into water while stirring, the mass ratio of the binder to water is 1:10-15, and an outer layer binder solution is prepared; S2, the bentonite, perlite, sodium bicarbonate, cyclodextrin, sawdust and biochar are mixed and ground and mixed to obtain an outer layer mixed filler; S3, the seed stem containing the middle layer material is placed in a coating pelletizing machine, and the outer layer binder solution is sprayed into the seed stem while stirring at a speed of 20-35r / min. After the surface of the seed stem is evenly coated with the outer layer binder solution, the outer layer mixed filler is added and stirred at a speed of 30-35r / min to the target thickness.