Quantitative evaluation simulation system and quantitative evaluation method for carbon sequestration occurrence mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative evaluation simulation system and a quantitative evaluation method for a carbon sequestration occurrence mechanism. The system comprises a gas supply subsystem, a physical sequestration subsystem, a chemical sequestration subsystem and an online monitoring evaluation subsystem, wherein the experimental gas enters the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem through the gas supply subsystem, so that in the physical sealing subsystem, CO2 is subjected to structural sealing, residual gas sealing and oil layer dissolution sealing in dissolution sealing; and in the chemical sealing subsystem, salt water layer dissolution sealing in mineralization sealing and dissolution sealing of CO2 is realized. And then, on the basis of the on-line monitoring and evaluation subsystem, on-line monitoring dynamic experimental data changing along with time, and on the basis of the monitored data, carrying out quantitative calculation on the carbon sequestration occurrence mechanism of the oil / water layer. The system provides effective support for early-stage evaluation, operation schemes and post-storage monitoring of CO2 long-term geological storage of different storage sites.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of CO2 geological storage, and in particular to a quantitative evaluation simulation system and a quantitative evaluation method for a carbon storage mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Storing CO2 in deep geological structures is one solution to reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. CO2 can be injected deep into closed geological structures in the form of a supercritical fluid, thereby preventing it from returning to the atmosphere. Generally speaking, CO2 is stored in strata (saline or oil-bearing layers) in the form of structural storage, residual gas storage, dissolution storage, and mineralization storage. Over time, the safety and importance of CO2 storage mechanisms have been ranked as follows: structural storage < residual gas storage < dissolution storage < mineralization storage.

[0003] The total amount of CO2 stored in a geological body is influenced by geological conditions such as its size, containment, burial depth, porosity, permeability, temperature, pressure, geostress, and hydrology, as well as technical, economic, and policy factors. Predicting the amount of CO2 stored over time is a key parameter in conducting pre-injection assessments of CO2 storage. The concept of a resource pyramid has been incorporated into CO2 geological storage assessments in this field. From a technical and economic perspective, geological storage capacity is categorized into theoretical storage capacity, effective storage capacity, actual storage capacity, and matched storage capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the technical problem in the prior art that the contributions of different sequestration mechanisms are not quantified, the present invention is proposed to provide a quantitative evaluation simulation system and quantitative evaluation method for carbon sequestration mechanisms that overcome the above problem or at least partially solve the above problem.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a quantitative evaluation simulation system for carbon sequestration mechanism, which may include: a gas supply subsystem, a physical sequestration subsystem, a chemical sequestration subsystem, and an online monitoring and evaluation subsystem;

[0006] Among them, the gas supply subsystem is used to supply gas to the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is used to online monitor the formation simulation parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem and adjust the formation simulation parameters, as well as to online monitor the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the physical sealing subsystem and online monitor the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; and determine the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different storage mechanisms based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal and the concentration changes of the solution components.

[0007] Optionally, the physical sealing subsystem may include: an injection control component, a physical sealing simulation component, and an outlet control component;

[0008] The physical sealing simulation component may include: a core holder, a nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode, a circulation heater, a first pressure pump, and a first pressure gauge; the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode is arranged on both sides of the core holder to monitor the nuclear magnetic signal of the core sample placed in the core holder; the circulation heater is connected to the first pressure pump and is connected to both sides of the core holder through a pipeline to heat the core sample in the core holder and simulate the formation environment;

[0009] The heating jacket included in the injection control assembly is connected to the inlet end of the core holder through a pipeline, so that the carbon dioxide heated by the heating jacket enters the core holder; the first pressure gauge is connected to the pipeline between the heating jacket and the core holder, and is connected to the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem, so that the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem can monitor the pressure in the core holder online; the back pressure controller of the outlet control assembly is connected to the outlet end of the core holder through a pipeline, and is used to control the pressure of the fluid in the core holder.

[0010] Optionally, the outlet control component may include: a back pressure controller, an output collector, a second pressure pump and a second pressure gauge; the back pressure controller is connected to the outlet end of the core holder through a pipeline, and is used to control the pressure of the fluid in the core holder; the output collector and the second pressure pump are respectively connected to the back pressure controller through pipelines, and the second pressure gauge is located on the pipeline between the back pressure controller and the second pressure pump, and the output collector is used to collect the oil solution discharged through the core holder; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is electrically connected to the output collector, and is used to online monitor the components of the oil solution collected by the output collector.

[0011] Optionally, the injection control assembly may include: a heating jacket, an intermediate container and a first thermometer; the intermediate container is located inside the heating jacket, the first thermometer is connected to the heating jacket, the gas supply subsystem is connected to the intermediate container through a pipeline, and the carbon dioxide supplied by the gas supply subsystem is heated inside the intermediate container and the heating jacket; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is electrically connected to the first thermometer for online monitoring of the temperature inside the heating jacket.

[0012] Optionally, the chemical sealing subsystem may include: a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, a second thermometer, a third pressure gauge, and a first controller;

[0013] The high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is connected to the gas supply subsystem through a pipeline, the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge are respectively connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge are respectively electrically connected to the first controller and the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem;

[0014] The high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is used to load salt water to simulate the formation parameters of the salt water layer in the formation. The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is used to online monitor the temperature and pressure parameters in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor through the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge and control the first controller to adjust the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and is used to online monitor the concentration changes of the salt water solution components in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor.

[0015] Optionally, the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem may include: a processor and a temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device, an online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring device, and an online Raman spectrometer monitoring device electrically connected to the processor respectively;

[0016] The temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device is respectively used to be electrically connected to the first thermometer, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge included in the physical sealing subsystem, and the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge included in the chemical sealing subsystem, and is used to monitor the temperature and pressure parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem in real time, and send the temperature and pressure parameters to the processor; the processor is used to adjust the formation simulation parameters based on the temperature and pressure parameters;

[0017] The online nuclear magnetic monitoring device is used to be electrically connected to the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrodes included in the physical sealing subsystem to monitor the nuclear magnetic signals of the core samples and send the nuclear magnetic signals to the processor; the processor is used to determine the storage volume of the residual gas based on the nuclear magnetic signals;

[0018] The probe of the online Raman spectrometer monitoring device is located in the output collector included in the physical sealing subsystem and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem, and is used to online monitor the changes in the concentration of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem, and send the changes in the concentration of solution components to the processor; the processor is used to determine the storage volume of oil layer dissolution sealing and the storage volume of saline layer dissolution sealing based on the changes in the concentration of solution components, so as to determine the storage volume of dissolution sealing and the storage volume of mineralization sealing;

[0019] The processor is used to determine the storage capacity of structural storage based on the storage capacity of residual gas storage, the storage capacity of dissolved storage, the storage capacity of mineralized storage and the total gas supply capacity of the gas supply subsystem.

[0020] Optionally, the gas supply subsystem may include: a gas supply bottle, a third pressure pump and a second controller;

[0021] Among them, the second controller is connected to the gas supply bottle and is used to control the gas supply rate of the gas supply bottle; the gas outlet of the gas supply bottle is connected in parallel with the third pressure pump through a pipeline, and is respectively connected to the intermediate container included in the injection control component in the physical sealing subsystem through a pipeline, and is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem through a pipeline.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quantitatively evaluating carbon sequestration mechanisms, which may include:

[0023] The gas supply subsystem supplies gas to the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem;

[0024] The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the formation simulation parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online, and adjusts the formation simulation parameters;

[0025] The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem online monitors the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the physical sealing subsystem, and online monitors the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; and determines the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different storage mechanisms based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal and the concentration changes of the solution components.

[0026] Optionally, determine the amount of carbon stored by different storage mechanisms including:

[0027] The online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring equipment of the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the nuclear magnetic resonance signals of the core sample clamped in the core clamp included in the physical sealing simulation component of the physical sealing subsystem online, and sends the nuclear magnetic resonance signals to the processor in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem; the processor determines the storage amount of residual gas based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signals;

[0028] The probe of the online Raman spectrometer monitoring equipment of the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is located in the output collector included in the physical sealing subsystem and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem, and monitors the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online, and sends the concentration changes of solution components to the processor; the processor determines the sealing amount of oil layer dissolution sealing and the sealing amount of saline layer dissolution sealing based on the concentration changes of solution components, so as to determine the sealing amount of dissolution sealing and the sealing amount of mineralization sealing;

[0029] The processor determines the storage capacity of structural storage based on the storage capacity of residual gas storage, the storage capacity of dissolved storage, the storage capacity of mineralized storage and the total gas supply capacity of the gas supply subsystem.

[0030] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for applying a carbon dioxide geological storage project, which may include:

[0031] Determine the carbon storage capacity of different carbon storage mechanisms at the target storage site based on the quantitative evaluation simulation system for the carbon storage mechanism described in the first aspect;

[0032] The engineering design parameters for carbon sequestration are designed based on the carbon sequestration capacity of different storage mechanisms at the target storage site to achieve carbon sequestration at the target storage site.

[0033] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating carbon storage capacity, which may include:

[0034] Determine the carbon storage capacity of different carbon storage mechanisms at the target storage site based on the quantitative evaluation simulation system for the carbon storage mechanism described in the first aspect;

[0035] The carbon storage capacity is evaluated based on the carbon storage capacity of different storage mechanisms of the target storage site and the regional geological parameters of the target storage site.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least:

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, a quantitative evaluation simulation system and a quantitative evaluation method for carbon sequestration mechanisms are provided, in which experimental gas enters the physical sequestration subsystem and the chemical sequestration subsystem through the gas supply subsystem, so as to realize structural sequestration, residual gas sequestration, and oil layer dissolution sequestration of CO2 in the physical sequestration subsystem, and realize mineralization sequestration of CO2 and saline layer dissolution sequestration of CO2 in the chemical sequestration subsystem. Then, based on the dynamic experimental data that changes with time through online monitoring and evaluation subsystem, a quantitative calculation of the carbon sequestration mechanism of the oil / water layer is performed based on the monitored data. In the system, the storage amount of CO2 quantitatively stored in oil and gas reservoirs and saline layers is determined based on pore-scale imaging technology, indoor dynamic experiments, and theoretical calculation methods during calculation, providing effective support for the preliminary evaluation, operation plan, and post-storage monitoring of long-term geological storage of CO2 in different storage sites.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the written description and the accompanying drawings.

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a quantitative evaluation simulation system for carbon sequestration mechanisms provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a quantitative evaluation method for carbon sequestration mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Among them, 1-gas supply subsystem; 2-physical sealing subsystem; 3-chemical sealing subsystem; 4-online monitoring and evaluation subsystem;

[0044] 11-gas supply bottle; 12-third pressure pump; 13-second controller;

[0045] 21 - injection control assembly; 22 - physical sealing simulation assembly; 23 - outlet control assembly; 211 - heating jacket; 212 - intermediate container; 213 - first thermometer; 221 - core holder; 222 - nuclear magnetic field electrostatic electrode; 223 - circulation heater; 224 - first pressure pump; 225 - first pressure gauge; 231 - back pressure controller; 232 - output collector; 233 - second pressure pump; 234 - second pressure gauge;

[0046] 31-high temperature and high pressure reactor; 32-second thermometer; 33-third pressure gauge; 34-first controller;

[0047] 41-Processor; 42-Temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring equipment; 43-Online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring equipment; 44-Online Raman spectrometer monitoring equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "far," "near," "front," and "back" and the like, indicating positions or relationships, are based on the positions or relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0051] The inventors have found that the calculation of CO2 storage capacity in the prior art is usually based on parameters such as the geological structure of the storage point, reservoir physical properties, fluid properties and economics, and the total storage capacity is obtained through analytical methods, but the contribution of different storage mechanisms is not quantified. In addition, for the changes in CO2 structure, residual gas, dissolution and mineralization storage capacity calculated by multiphase flow simulation methods, it is difficult to verify the theoretical calculated values ​​through actual field data, and the accuracy of the prediction cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a storage mechanism quantification method based on effective laboratory dynamic monitoring data based on the actual formation / reservoir structural characteristics, physical properties and fluid properties, so as to guide the application of CO2 geological storage projects in oil and gas reservoirs and / or saline aquifers.

[0052] The embodiment of the present invention provides a quantitative evaluation simulation system for carbon sequestration mechanism, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the simulation system may include: a gas supply subsystem 1, a physical sealing subsystem 2, a chemical sealing subsystem 3 and an online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4; wherein the gas supply subsystem 1 is used to supply gas to the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the chemical sealing subsystem 3; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 is used to online monitor the formation simulation parameters of the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the chemical sealing subsystem 3 and adjust the formation simulation parameters, as well as to online monitor the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the change in the concentration of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the chemical sealing subsystem 3; and determine the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different storage mechanisms based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal and the change in the concentration of solution components.

[0053] The above-mentioned system provided in the embodiment of the present invention proposes a new inventive concept to address the current problems of difficulty in quantitatively characterizing the CO2 geological storage mechanism and difficulty in verifying the accuracy of simulation results. Its implementation principle is as follows: the experimental gas (CO2) enters the physical storage subsystem and the chemical storage subsystem through the gas supply subsystem to achieve structural storage, residual gas storage, and oil layer dissolution storage in the physical storage subsystem, and achieve mineralization storage and saline layer dissolution storage in the chemical storage subsystem. Then, based on the dynamic experimental data that changes over time online monitoring and evaluation subsystem, quantitative calculation of the carbon storage mechanism of the oil / water layer is performed based on the monitored data. During the calculation, the system determines the storage capacity of CO2 quantitatively stored in oil and gas reservoirs and saline layers based on pore-scale imaging technology, indoor dynamic experiments and theoretical calculation methods, providing effective support for the preliminary evaluation, operation plan and post-storage monitoring of long-term geological storage of CO2 in different storage sites.

[0054] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1 As shown, the physical sealing subsystem 2 may include: an injection control component 21, a physical sealing simulation component 22 and an outlet control component 23; wherein the physical sealing simulation component 22 may include: a core holder 221, a nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode 222, a circulation heater 223, a first pressure pump 224 and a first pressure gauge 225; the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode 222 is arranged on both sides of the core holder 221, and is used to monitor the nuclear magnetic signal of the core sample placed in the core holder 221; the circulation heater 223 and the first pressure pump 224 are connected and connected to both sides of the core holder 221 through a pipeline to press the core sample in the core holder 221. Heating is performed and the formation environment is simulated; the heating jacket 211 included in the injection control component 21 is connected to the inlet end of the core holder 221 through a pipeline, so that the carbon dioxide heated by the heating jacket 211 enters the core holder 221; the first pressure gauge 225 is connected to the pipeline between the heating jacket 211 and the core holder 221, and is connected to the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, so that the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 monitors the pressure in the core holder 221 online; the back pressure controller 231 of the outlet control component 23 is connected to the outlet end of the core holder 221 through a pipeline, and is used to control the pressure of the fluid in the core holder 221.

[0055] It should be noted that during the aforementioned carbon sequestration experiment, the core sample placed in the core holder needs to be wrapped and secured in a thermoplastic tube to reduce corrosion of the equipment by the acidic solution generated by the dissolution of CO2 in water. In the embodiment of the present invention, the core sample is heated and pressurized using a circulation heater and a first pressure pump to simulate formation temperature and pressure parameters. During heating and pressurization, a fluorine oil circulation system can be used to heat and pressurize the core sample in the core holder. Specifically, the fluorine oil in the pipeline is heated by the circulation heater and pressurized by the pressure pump.

[0056] The back pressure controller of the above-mentioned outlet control component controls the minimum pressure of the fluid in the experimental device. For example, the pressure of the back pressure controller is the actual reservoir pressure (such as 20MPa). In an embodiment of the present invention, when hydrocarbons are present in the saturated fluid of the core sample, the injection pressure of CO2 in the injection control system, the fluorine oil pressure in the physical sealing simulation component and the pressure of the back pressure controller are controlled to control the miscible and non-miscible state of CO2 and the core saturated fluid, so that CO2 displaces the hydrocarbons in the core sample at a constant rate. During the displacement process, the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode is energized, and the changes in the nuclear magnetic signal of the core sample are monitored online to determine the storage amount of residual gas storage and partial dissolution storage based on the monitored T2 spectrum, segmented T1 spectrum, segmented T2 spectrum, etc.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned outlet control component 23 may include: a back pressure controller 231, an output collector 232, a second pressure pump 233 and a second pressure gauge 234; the back pressure controller 231 is connected to the outlet end of the core holder 221 through a pipeline, and is used to control the pressure of the fluid in the core holder 221; the output collector 232 and the second pressure pump 233 are respectively connected to the back pressure controller 231 through pipelines, and the second pressure gauge 234 is located on the pipeline between the back pressure controller 231 and the second pressure pump 233. The output collector 232 is used to collect the oil solution discharged from the core holder 221; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 is electrically connected to the output collector 232, and is used to online monitor the components of the oil solution collected by the output collector 232.

[0058] The output collector in the embodiment of the present invention is used to collect the fluid displaced from the core sample. In specific implementation, the drainage method is used to produce gas to determine the breakthrough timing of CO2 gas (i.e., the timing of completion of displacement), thereby laying the foundation for the subsequent calculation of the storage volume of residual gas.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1As shown, the above-mentioned injection control component 21 may include: a heating jacket 211, an intermediate container 212 and a first thermometer 213; the intermediate container 212 is located in the heating jacket 211, the first thermometer 213 is connected to the heating jacket 211, the gas supply subsystem 1 is connected to the intermediate container 212 through a pipeline, and the carbon dioxide supplied by the gas supply subsystem 1 is heated in the intermediate container 212 and the heating jacket 211; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 is electrically connected to the first thermometer 213 for online monitoring of the temperature in the heating jacket 211.

[0060] In order to adjust the temperature and pressure of the experimental gas injected into the physical storage simulation component, the injection control component in the embodiment of the present invention sets the experimental conditions according to the actual reservoir temperature and pressure conditions of the target storage site during specific implementation. After the CO2 is heated to a specified temperature in the injection control component, it is injected into the subsequent experimental device (physical storage simulation component) at a constant pressure or rate by the injection control component to achieve the template formation temperature and pressure parameters. For example, if the temperature of the heating jacket in the physical storage subsystem is set to the actual reservoir temperature (such as 60°C), the CO2 will be heated to 60°C in the injection control component.

[0061] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1 As shown, the chemical sealing subsystem 3 may include: a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31, a second thermometer 32, a third pressure gauge 33, and a first controller 34; wherein the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 is connected to the gas supply subsystem 1 via a pipeline, the second thermometer 32 and the third pressure gauge 33 are respectively connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31, and the second thermometer 32 and the third pressure gauge 33 are respectively electrically connected to the first controller 34 and the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4; the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 is used to load salt water to simulate the formation parameters of the salt water layer in the formation; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 is used to online monitor the temperature and pressure parameters in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 through the second thermometer 32 and the third pressure gauge 33, and control the first controller 34 to adjust the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31, and is used to online monitor the changes in the concentration of the salt water solution components in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31.

[0062] The above-mentioned chemical sealing subsystem in the embodiment of the present invention includes a high-temperature and high-pressure dissolution-mineralization reaction component, namely a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and a temperature and pressure control component, namely a first controller. The high-temperature and high-pressure reactor provides a high-temperature and high-pressure environment for the gas-brine-mineral reaction that is the same as the actual formation / reservoir conditions. The first controller controls the initial pressure of the chemical reaction reminder of the chemical sealing subsystem and controls the experimental temperature to be constant during the reaction. For example, the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor in the mineralization reaction of the chemical sealing subsystem is set to the actual reservoir temperature (such as 60°C).

[0063] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1As shown, the above-mentioned online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 may include: a processor 41 and a temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device 42, an online nuclear magnetic monitoring device 43, and an online Raman spectrometer monitoring device 44 electrically connected to the processor 41 respectively; wherein the temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device 42 is respectively used to be electrically connected to the first thermometer 213, the first pressure gauge 225, and the second pressure gauge 234 included in the physical sealing subsystem 2, and the second thermometer 32 and the third pressure gauge 33 included in the chemical sealing subsystem 3, for real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure parameters of the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the chemical sealing subsystem 3, and sending the temperature and pressure parameters to the processor 41; the processor 41 is used to adjust the formation simulation parameters based on the temperature and pressure parameters; the online nuclear magnetic monitoring device 43 is used to be electrically connected to the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode 222 included in the physical sealing subsystem 2 to monitor the nuclear magnetic properties of the core sample. signal, and sends the nuclear magnetic signal to the processor 41; the processor 41 is used to determine the storage capacity of residual gas storage based on the nuclear magnetic signal; the probe of the online Raman spectrometer monitoring equipment 44 is located in the output collector 232 included in the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 included in the chemical sealing subsystem 3, and is used to online monitor the changes in the concentration of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the chemical sealing subsystem 3, and send the changes in the concentration of solution components to the processor 41; the processor 41 is used to determine the storage capacity of oil layer dissolution sealing and the storage capacity of saline layer dissolution sealing based on the changes in the concentration of solution components, so as to determine the storage capacity of dissolution sealing and the storage capacity of mineralization sealing; the processor 41 is used to determine the storage capacity of structural storage based on the storage capacity of residual gas storage, the storage capacity of dissolution sealing, the storage capacity of mineralization sealing and the total gas supply of the gas supply subsystem 1.

[0064] It should be noted that the processor 41 in the embodiment of the present invention may be a server or a cluster server, a local server or a cloud server, and the embodiment of the present invention does not impose any specific limitation on this.

[0065] The processor, electrically connected to the online Raman spectrometer monitoring device, serves as the data processing device for the key reaction component concentration monitoring component in this system. It uses the online Raman spectrometer monitoring device to monitor changes in solution component concentrations in the output collector and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor in real time, providing a data basis for determining the timing of gas breakthrough in the physical storage simulation component, as well as for determining the gas mineralization reaction rate and saline layer dissolution and sealing in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. The processor, electrically connected to the online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring device, serves as the data processing device for the online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring component in this system. It uses the online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring device to monitor in real time the gas saturation and distribution changes (T2 spectrum, segmented T1 spectrum, segmented T2 spectrum, etc.) of the lithologic samples in the core holder of the physical storage simulation component, providing a data basis for dissolution and sealing of oil-bearing strata and residual gas. The above-mentioned processor electrically connected to the temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring equipment serves as the data processing equipment of the temperature and pressure monitoring component in this system. The processor monitors the temperature and pressure changes in real time during the reaction through the temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring equipment to ensure that the temperature and pressure conditions identical to the simulated formation parameters are achieved during the experiment. At the same time, it can monitor the CO2 dissolution and mineralization reaction amount in the water phase (salty water layer) as the pressure changes during the reaction process and provide a data basis for the calculation.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, reference is also made to Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned gas supply subsystem 1 may include: a gas supply bottle 11, a third pressure pump 12 and a second controller 13; wherein, the second controller 13 is connected to the gas supply bottle 11, and is used to control the gas supply rate of the gas supply bottle 11; the gas outlet of the gas supply bottle 11 is connected in parallel with the third pressure pump 12 through a pipeline, and is respectively connected to the intermediate container 212 included in the injection control component 21 in the physical sealing subsystem 2 through a pipeline, and is respectively connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 included in the chemical sealing subsystem 3 through a pipeline.

[0067] The gas supply subsystem in the embodiment of the present invention includes a control unit and a gas supply unit. The second controller controls the gas supply cylinder and the valve assembly (e.g., solenoid valve) on the third pressure pump to continuously and stably supply experimental gas (CO2) to the physical and chemical sealing subsystems. In the embodiment of the present invention, the second controller of the gas supply subsystem can control the gas supply cylinder to supply experimental gas to the physical and chemical sealing subsystems at a constant rate of 0.1 ml / min. The gas supply subsystem is capable of providing high-pressure, stable experimental gas, providing a stable gas source for subsequent carbon sealing in the physical and chemical sealing subsystems.

[0068] The quantitative evaluation simulation system for the carbon storage mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention can realize online real-time quantitative calculation of the CO2 storage mechanism through online nuclear magnetic resonance scanning, core displacement output measurement, mineralization reaction experimental velocity calculation and dynamic monitoring of solution component concentration, and thus can clarify the change in the contribution rate of the CO2 storage mechanism at different storage times; the simulation system can quantitatively evaluate the CO2 storage mechanism of different storage sites including aquifers, oil-bearing layers and oil-water layers based on actual reservoir temperature, pressure, physical properties and fluid attribute characteristics, and can be used to guide the application of CO2 geological storage projects in different sites.

[0069] Based on the same inventive concept, a quantitative evaluation method for carbon sequestration mechanism is also provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the method may include the following steps:

[0070] Step S21: The gas supply subsystem supplies gas to the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem.

[0071] Step S22: The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the formation simulation parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online, and adjusts the formation simulation parameters.

[0072] Step S23: The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the physical sealing subsystem online, and monitors the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online.

[0073] Step S24: determining the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different occurrence mechanisms based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal and the change in solution component concentration.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, determining the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different occurrence mechanisms in the above step S24 may specifically include: on the one hand, the online nuclear magnetic monitoring equipment of the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the nuclear magnetic signal of the core sample clamped in the core clamp included in the physical sealing simulation component of the physical sealing subsystem online, and sends the nuclear magnetic signal to the processor in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem; the processor determines the storage amount of residual gas based on the nuclear magnetic signal; on the other hand, the probe of the online Raman spectrometer monitoring equipment of the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is located in the physical sealing subsystem. The output collector and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem are used to monitor the changes in the concentration of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online, and the changes in the concentration of solution components are sent to the processor; the processor determines the storage volume of oil layer dissolution sealing and the storage volume of saline layer dissolution sealing based on the changes in the concentration of solution components, so as to determine the storage volume of dissolution sealing and the storage volume of mineralization sealing; further, the processor determines the storage volume of structural sealing based on the storage volume of residual gas storage, the storage volume of dissolution sealing, the storage volume of mineralization sealing and the total gas supply of the gas supply subsystem.

[0075] In a specific example, combining Figure 1 As shown, the quantitative evaluation method of carbon sequestration mechanism can specifically include the following steps:

[0076] (1) Turn on the second controller 13 of the gas supply subsystem 1 to control the gas supply bottle 11 to supply CO2 to the physical sealing subsystem 2 and the chemical sealing subsystem 3 at a constant rate (e.g., 0.1 ml / min);

[0077] (2) The heating temperature of the heating jacket 211 of the injection control assembly 21 in the physical sealing subsystem 2 is set to the actual formation / reservoir temperature (e.g., 60°C) to heat the gas in the intermediate container 212 included in the injection control assembly 21; the pressure of the back pressure controller 231 of the outlet control assembly 23 is set to the actual formation / reservoir pressure (e.g., 20 MPa); and the reaction temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 in the chemical sealing subsystem 3 is set to the actual formation / reservoir temperature (e.g., 60°C).

[0078] (3) energizing the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode 222 in the physical sealing simulation assembly 22, so that CO2 enters the core holder 221 and displaces the core sample at a constant rate;

[0079] (4) CO2 enters the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 until the pressure reaches the actual formation / reservoir pressure (e.g., 20 MPa);

[0080] (5) monitoring the concentration changes of the solution components produced in the output collector 232 included in the outlet control component 23 in real time through the online Raman spectrometer monitoring device 44 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, and performing data processing through the processor 41 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 to determine the storage volume of the oil-bearing layer;

[0081] (6) monitoring the concentration changes of the solution components in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor 31 in real time through the online Raman spectrometer monitoring device 44 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, and performing data processing through the processor 41 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, thereby determining the storage volume of the mineralized storage and the storage volume of the saline layer dissolution storage;

[0082] (7) The online nuclear magnetic field monitoring device 43 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4 monitors the changes in the nuclear magnetic field signals (T2 spectrum, segmented T1 spectrum, segmented T2 spectrum, etc.) of the core sample online, and the processor 41 processes the data to determine the storage volume of the residual gas.

[0083] (8) Monitor the temperature changes of the first thermometer 213 in the injection control assembly 21 and the second thermometer 32 in the chemical sealing subsystem 3 through the temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device 42 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, and adjust the temperature parameters of the equipment in real time based on the monitoring results;

[0084] (9) Monitor the pressure changes of the first pressure gauge 225 in the physical sealing simulation component 22 and the second pressure gauge 234 in the outlet control component 23 through the temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device 42 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, and adjust the pressure parameters of the equipment in real time based on the monitoring results;

[0085] (10) Monitor the pressure changes of the third pressure gauge 33 in the chemical sealing subsystem 3 through the temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device 42 in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem 4, and adjust the pressure parameters of the device in real time based on the monitoring results;

[0086] (11) The processor 41 processes the concentration changes of the solution components and the changes of the nuclear magnetic signal to obtain the structural storage, residual gas storage, dissolution storage and mineralization storage of CO2 under the conditions of saline water layer / oil-water layer (temperature is 60°C, pressure is 20MPa).

[0087] The implementation of the quantitative evaluation method of the above-mentioned carbon sequestration mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention relies on the quantitative evaluation simulation system of the above-mentioned carbon sequestration mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention. The system and method can calculate the CO2 structure, dissolution, residual gas, and mineralization storage capacity through nuclear magnetic resonance experiments, dissolution and mineralization experiments, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations and the law of conservation of matter. Its specific beneficial effects and detailed description can refer to the relevant introduction of the above-mentioned system, and the embodiment of the present invention will not be repeated here.

[0088] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for applying a carbon dioxide geological storage project, which may include: first, determining the storage capacity of carbon sequestration of different occurrence mechanisms of the target storage site based on the above-mentioned quantitative evaluation simulation system of the carbon sequestration occurrence mechanism; then, designing the engineering design parameters of carbon sequestration based on the storage capacity of carbon sequestration of different occurrence mechanisms of the target storage site to achieve carbon sequestration at the target storage site.

[0089] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for evaluating carbon sequestration storage capacity, which may include: first, determining the storage capacity of carbon sequestration of different occurrence mechanisms in the target storage site based on the above-mentioned quantitative evaluation simulation system of the carbon sequestration occurrence mechanism; then, evaluating the carbon sequestration storage capacity based on the storage capacity of carbon sequestration of different occurrence mechanisms in the target storage site and the regional geological parameters of the target storage site.

[0090] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The present disclosure is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is limited solely by the appended claims. Thus, to the extent such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present disclosure is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A quantitative evaluation simulation system for carbon sequestration mechanism, characterized by: include: Gas supply subsystem, physical storage subsystem, chemical storage subsystem and online monitoring and evaluation subsystem; Among them, the gas supply subsystem is used to supply gas to the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is used to online monitor the formation simulation parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem and adjust the formation simulation parameters, as well as to online monitor the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the physical sealing subsystem and online monitor the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; and determine the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different storage mechanisms based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal and the concentration changes of the solution components.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The physical sealing subsystem includes: an injection control component, a physical sealing simulation component and an outlet control component; The physical sealing simulation component includes: a core holder, a nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrode, a circulation heater, a first pressure pump, and a first pressure gauge; the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrodes are arranged on both sides of the core holder to monitor the nuclear magnetic signal of the core sample placed in the core holder; the circulation heater is connected to the first pressure pump and connected to both sides of the core holder through a pipeline to heat the core sample in the core holder and simulate the formation environment; The heating jacket included in the injection control assembly is connected to the inlet end of the core holder through a pipeline, so that the carbon dioxide heated by the heating jacket enters the core holder; the first pressure gauge is connected to the pipeline between the heating jacket and the core holder, and is connected to the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem, so that the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem can monitor the pressure in the core holder online; the back pressure controller of the outlet control assembly is connected to the outlet end of the core holder through a pipeline, and is used to control the pressure of the fluid in the core holder.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The outlet control assembly includes: a back pressure controller, an output collector, a second pressure pump, and a second pressure gauge; the back pressure controller is connected to the outlet end of the core holder through a pipeline and is used to control the pressure of the fluid in the core holder; the output collector and the second pressure pump are respectively connected to the back pressure controller through pipelines, and the second pressure gauge is located on the pipeline between the back pressure controller and the second pressure pump. The output collector is used to collect the oil solution discharged from the core holder; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is electrically connected to the output collector and is used to online monitor the components of the oil solution collected by the output collector.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that The injection control assembly includes: a heating jacket, an intermediate container and a first thermometer; the intermediate container is located inside the heating jacket, the first thermometer is connected to the heating jacket, the gas supply subsystem is connected to the intermediate container through a pipeline, and the carbon dioxide supplied by the gas supply subsystem is heated inside the intermediate container and the heating jacket; the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is electrically connected to the first thermometer for online monitoring of the temperature inside the heating jacket.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The chemical sealing subsystem includes: a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, a second thermometer, a third pressure gauge and a first controller; The high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is connected to the gas supply subsystem through a pipeline, the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge are respectively connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge are respectively electrically connected to the first controller and the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem; The high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is used to load salt water to simulate the formation parameters of the salt water layer in the formation. The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is used to online monitor the temperature and pressure parameters in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor through the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge and control the first controller to adjust the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, and is used to online monitor the concentration changes of the salt water solution components in the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem includes: a processor and a temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device, an online nuclear magnetic monitoring device, and an online Raman spectrometer monitoring device electrically connected to the processor respectively; The temperature and pressure dynamic monitoring device is respectively used to be electrically connected to the first thermometer, the first pressure gauge, and the second pressure gauge included in the physical sealing subsystem, and the second thermometer and the third pressure gauge included in the chemical sealing subsystem, and is used to monitor the temperature and pressure parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem in real time, and send the temperature and pressure parameters to the processor; the processor is used to adjust the formation simulation parameters based on the temperature and pressure parameters; The online nuclear magnetic monitoring device is used to be electrically connected to the nuclear magnetic electrostatic electrodes included in the physical sealing subsystem to monitor the nuclear magnetic signals of the core samples and send the nuclear magnetic signals to the processor; the processor is used to determine the storage volume of the residual gas based on the nuclear magnetic signals; The probe of the online Raman spectrometer monitoring device is located in the output collector included in the physical sealing subsystem and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem, and is used to online monitor the changes in the concentration of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem, and send the changes in the concentration of solution components to the processor; the processor is used to determine the storage volume of oil layer dissolution sealing and the storage volume of saline layer dissolution sealing based on the changes in the concentration of solution components, so as to determine the storage volume of dissolution sealing and the storage volume of mineralization sealing; The processor is used to determine the storage capacity of structural storage based on the storage capacity of residual gas storage, the storage capacity of dissolved storage, the storage capacity of mineralized storage and the total gas supply capacity of the gas supply subsystem.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The gas supply subsystem includes: a gas supply bottle, a third pressure pump and a second controller; Among them, the second controller is connected to the gas supply bottle and is used to control the gas supply rate of the gas supply bottle; the gas outlet of the gas supply bottle is connected in parallel with the third pressure pump through a pipeline, and is respectively connected to the intermediate container included in the injection control component in the physical sealing subsystem through a pipeline, and is connected to the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem through a pipeline.

8. A quantitative evaluation method for carbon sequestration mechanism, characterized in that: include: The gas supply subsystem supplies gas to the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the formation simulation parameters of the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online, and adjusts the formation simulation parameters; The online monitoring and evaluation subsystem online monitors the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the physical sealing subsystem, and online monitors the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem; and determines the storage amount of carbon sequestered by different storage mechanisms based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal and the concentration changes of the solution components.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that Determining the amount of carbon stored by different storage mechanisms includes: The online nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring equipment of the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem monitors the nuclear magnetic resonance signals of the core sample clamped in the core clamp included in the physical sealing simulation component of the physical sealing subsystem online, and sends the nuclear magnetic resonance signals to the processor in the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem; the processor determines the storage amount of residual gas based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signals; The probe of the online Raman spectrometer monitoring equipment of the online monitoring and evaluation subsystem is located in the output collector included in the physical sealing subsystem and the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor included in the chemical sealing subsystem, and monitors the concentration changes of solution components in the physical sealing subsystem and the chemical sealing subsystem online, and sends the concentration changes of solution components to the processor; the processor determines the sealing amount of oil layer dissolution sealing and the sealing amount of saline layer dissolution sealing based on the concentration changes of solution components, so as to determine the sealing amount of dissolution sealing and the sealing amount of mineralization sealing; The processor determines the storage capacity of structural storage based on the storage capacity of residual gas storage, the storage capacity of dissolved storage, the storage capacity of mineralized storage and the total gas supply capacity of the gas supply subsystem.

10. A method for application of carbon dioxide geological storage engineering, characterized in that: include: Determine the storage capacity of carbon stored in different storage mechanisms at the target storage site based on the quantitative evaluation simulation system for carbon storage mechanisms according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The engineering design parameters for carbon sequestration are designed based on the carbon sequestration capacity of different storage mechanisms at the target storage site to achieve carbon sequestration at the target storage site.

11. A method for evaluating carbon storage capacity, characterized in that: include: Determine the storage capacity of carbon stored in different storage mechanisms at the target storage site based on the quantitative evaluation simulation system for carbon storage mechanisms according to any one of claims 1 to 7; The carbon storage capacity is evaluated based on the carbon storage capacity of different storage mechanisms of the target storage site and the regional geological parameters of the target storage site.

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