An algae in-situ detection device based on a drone platform

Abstract

The present invention discloses an algae in-situ detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, which relates to the technical field of detection equipment and includes: an upper protective tube, a detection frame, an LED excitation light source, a photoelectric collector and a submersible pump, wherein an optical system mounting plate is arranged in the upper protective tube; the detection frame is connected to the upper protective tube, a steady flow detection cavity is formed in the detection frame, and a light source window is arranged on the side of the detection frame; the LED excitation light source is arranged on the inner side of the detection frame, and the light source direction of the LED excitation light source is arranged toward the light source window; the device includes a photodiode, a focusing lens and a window; the photodiode is arranged on the optical system mounting plate, the focusing lens cover is arranged on the photodiode, and the window is arranged at the end of the focusing lens cover away from the photodiode; the submersible pump is fixed on the detection frame, and the bottom of the submersible pump is connected to the steady flow detection cavity. The technical solution of the present invention can eliminate the interference of water turbulence on optical signals and improve detection accuracy by combining the steady flow detection cavity with the submersible pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of detection equipment, and in particular to an algae in-situ detection equipment based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of drone technology, its application in environmental monitoring is becoming increasingly widespread. Traditional algae detection equipment for water bodies mostly adopts fixed or handheld designs, with limited monitoring range, making it difficult to achieve large-scale, high-frequency dynamic water quality monitoring. Existing drone-mounted detection equipment is limited in function, typically measuring only a single parameter (such as chlorophyll concentration) and lacking the ability to correct for turbidity interference, resulting in insufficient data accuracy. For example, patent CN210347219U discloses a drone-mounted water quality sampling device, but it only has a sampling function and cannot measure multiple parameters in real time. Patent CN22233003U proposes a drone-mounted multispectral water quality sensor, but it lacks an integrated turbidity correction module and is bulky, affecting the drone's endurance.

[0003] In the actual detection of natural water bodies, the detection equipment carried by drones has a single function and is unable to simultaneously detect multiple parameters such as phycocyanin, chlorophyll, CDOM and turbidity; the lack of turbidity correction function causes the detection signal to be interfered with by sediment, and the data reliability is low; the equipment is large in size and heavy in weight, affecting the flight stability and endurance of the drone; the protection structure is not designed for the flight vibration of the drone, which can easily cause the optical components to shift or be damaged.

[0004] In summary, how to provide a lightweight, multi-channel integrated drone-borne algae detection device is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is to provide an algae in-situ detection device based on a drone platform, comprising:

[0006] an upper protective tube, wherein an optical system mounting plate is disposed in the upper protective tube;

[0007] A detection frame connected to the upper protective tube, wherein a steady flow detection cavity is formed in the detection frame, and a light source window is provided on the cavity wall forming the steady flow detection cavity;

[0008] An LED excitation light source is arranged inside the detection frame, and a light source direction of the LED excitation light source is arranged toward the light source window;

[0009] A photoelectric collector, comprising a photodiode, a focusing lens, and a window; the photodiode is disposed on the optical system mounting plate, the focusing lens cover is disposed on the photodiode, and the window is disposed at an end of the focusing lens cover away from the photodiode; and

[0010] A submersible pump is fixed on the detection frame, and the bottom of the submersible pump is connected to the steady flow detection chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform also includes a drone adaptation module, which includes a carbon fiber mounting bracket and a telescopic rod mechanism for fixing to the drone; the front end of the telescopic rod mechanism is fixed on the carbon fiber mounting bracket, and the end is fixed on the upper protective tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection device based on the drone platform further includes a top cover, which is fixed to the top of the upper protective cylinder;

[0013] The hoist is fixed on the top cover, and the telescopic rod mechanism is connected to the upper protective tube through the hoist.

[0014] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform also includes:

[0015] A temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged on the optical system mounting plate, and a temperature detection end of the temperature sensor is arranged toward the steady flow detection cavity;

[0016] a data acquisition circuit, the data acquisition circuit being fixed to the optical system mounting plate and being electrically connected to the photodiode and the temperature sensor respectively;

[0017] A bus connector is fixed on the top cover and is electrically connected to the data acquisition circuit and the LED excitation light source respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform also includes:

[0019] A detection end window piece is arranged on the optical system mounting plate.

[0020] Furthermore, a water outlet is provided on the detection frame.

[0021] Compared with the existing technology, the technical solution of the present invention has the following technical effects: the steady-flow detection chamber combined with the submersible pump can eliminate the interference of water turbulence on the optical signal and improve detection accuracy. The four-channel optical component (phycocyanin, chlorophyll, CDOM, turbidity) can simultaneously obtain phycocyanin, chlorophyll, CDOM and turbidity data through a miniaturized optical path system, thereby improving efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform of the present invention.

[0026] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0027] 10. Upper protective tube; 11. Optical system mounting plate; 20. Detection frame; 21. Steady flow detection chamber; 22. Light source window; 23. Water outlet; 31. Photodiode; 32. Focusing lens; 33. Window; 40. Submersible pump; 51. Carbon fiber mounting bracket; 52. Telescopic rod mechanism; 61. Top cover; 62. Hoisting; 63. Temperature sensor; 64. Data acquisition circuit; 65. Bus connector; 71. Detection end window; 80. LED excitation light source; 90. UAV. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention proposes an algae in-situ detection device based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform, aiming to design a lightweight, multi-channel integrated UAV-borne algae detection device.

[0029] The following is an explanation of the algae in-situ detection device based on a drone platform proposed by the present invention in a specific embodiment:

[0030] In the technical solution of this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, an algae in-situ detection device based on a drone platform includes:

[0031] An upper protective tube 10, wherein an optical system mounting plate 11 is provided in the upper protective tube 10;

[0032] The detection frame 20 is connected to the upper protective tube 10. A steady flow detection cavity 21 is formed in the detection frame 20. A light source window 22 is provided on the cavity wall forming the steady flow detection cavity 21.

[0033] An LED excitation light source 80 is disposed inside the detection frame 20 , and the light source direction of the LED excitation light source 80 is disposed toward the light source window 22 ;

[0034] The photoelectric collector includes a photodiode 31, a focusing lens 32, and a window 33; the photodiode 31 is arranged on the optical system mounting plate 11, the focusing lens 32 is covered on the photodiode 31, and the window 33 is arranged at the end of the focusing lens 32 away from the photodiode 31;

[0035] The submersible pump is fixed on the detection frame 20 , and the bottom of the submersible pump is connected to the steady flow detection chamber 21 .

[0036] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform also includes a drone adaptation module, which includes a carbon fiber mounting bracket 51 and a telescopic rod mechanism 52 for fixing to the drone; the front end of the telescopic rod mechanism 52 is fixed on the carbon fiber mounting bracket 51, and the end is fixed on the upper protective tube 10.

[0037] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform further includes a top cover 61 , which is fixed to the top of the upper protective cylinder 10 ;

[0038] The hoist 62 is fixed on the top cover 61 , and the telescopic rod mechanism 52 is connected to the upper protective tube 10 through the hoist 62 .

[0039] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform also includes:

[0040] The temperature sensor 63 is disposed on the optical system mounting plate 11 , and the temperature detection end of the temperature sensor 63 is disposed toward the steady flow detection chamber 21 ;

[0041] The data acquisition circuit 64 is fixed on the optical system mounting plate 11 and is electrically connected to the photodiode 31 and the temperature sensor 63 respectively;

[0042] The bus connector 65 is fixed on the top cover 61 and is electrically connected to the data acquisition circuit 64, the LED excitation light source 80, and the submersible pump respectively; the bus connector 65 is used to electrically connect to the drone 90, power the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform through the drone 90, issue control instructions through the control module on the drone 90, control the operation of the submersible pump, control the switch of the LED excitation light source 80, and control the collection of the photodiode 31.

[0043] Furthermore, the algae in-situ detection equipment based on the drone platform also includes:

[0044] The detection end window piece 71 is arranged on the optical system mounting plate 11 .

[0045] Furthermore, a water outlet 23 is provided on the detection frame 20 .

[0046] Working principle: The excitation light source is set at 90 degrees to the photodiode 31. Under the action of the submersible pump, the sample water to be tested flows stably at a constant speed and direction in the steady flow detection chamber 21. The excited signal is received by the rear detection end, and the light intensity is converted into photocurrent intensity by the photodiode 31. It is transmitted to the data processing module through the data acquisition circuit 64, and then processed by the data processing module and transmitted to the host computer by the wireless communication module. The present invention is mounted on a drone platform. The drone adapter module includes a carbon fiber mounting bracket 51, which ensures that the equipment is securely installed and matches the drone's center of gravity. The upper protective tube 10 and detection frame 20 are lightweight designs made of ABS material, which reduces the weight by 60% compared to the metal shell. The four-channel optical components (phycocyanin, chlorophyll, CDOM, turbidity) are further reduced in size through a miniaturized optical path system, selecting a small-sized window piece 33, a filter, and a focusing lens 32 (diameter 10mm). The overall size is Φ50mm×120mm. An integrated LoRa wireless communication unit uploads detection data to the ground station in real time. It is powered by the drone battery and has a built-in low-power circuit, with an operating power consumption of ≤5W.

[0047] By irradiating these water bodies and substances in the water with an exciting light source, these substances will absorb the energy of the light source and emit light of a specific wavelength, which is transmitted through the window piece 33 (filter) to the photodiode 31 above, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal; the miniaturized optical channel and folded optical path design realize the four-channel detection function while greatly reducing the volume; the coordinated optimization of the UAV mounting structure and anti-vibration design ensures high-precision detection and flight stability; the real-time linkage of wireless data transmission and turbidity correction algorithm improves monitoring efficiency and data reliability.

[0048] Implementation method: This new airborne in-situ water quality detection instrument can realize rapid fixed-point detection in natural waters, eliminating the need for manual fixed-point testing. The drone mounting structure solves the detection error caused by the in-situ position error of the detector due to environmental influences in the water body.

[0049] Integrated design of lightweight four-channel optical components;

[0050] Dynamic turbidity correction algorithm based on flight attitude data;

[0051] Quick plug interface and intelligent power management system;

[0052] The structural configuration of this new water detector enables simultaneous, real-time detection of multiple components in natural water, including phycocyanin, chlorophyll, CDOM, and turbidity, avoiding the limitations of existing instruments that require a single device to detect multiple components simultaneously. 1. After completing autonomous cruising based on a preset GPS waypoint, the drone hovers above the target water area (with a positioning accuracy of ±0.5m). A high-precision barometer and an ultrasonic dual-mode altitude sensor are used to confirm the water height, and a carbon fiber telescopic rod (with a stroke of 1.2m and a load capacity of 5kg) is activated to descend at a constant speed of 15cm / s. Once the detection chamber is submerged in water, a built-in pressure sensor monitors the immersion depth in real time (standard sampling depth 50cm±5cm). When the water pressure reaches the set threshold, a mechanical locking mechanism is triggered to secure the sampling position.

[0053] 2. The water enters the detection area after being pre-filtered by a 200μm stainless steel filter through a positive pressure submersible pump connected to the cavity. The four-channel light source synchronously excites the water in the detection cavity area. When the detected substance absorbs light of a specific wavelength, a fluorescence signal is generated.

[0054] 3. After passing through a bandpass filter set (10nm half-maximum width) above the detection chamber, the fluorescence signal is detected by a photomultiplier tube, with dark current kept below 50pA. A 16-bit high-precision ADC digitizes the signal at a 1kHz sampling rate, simultaneously collecting data from a turbidity sensor (90° scattered light detection, range 0-1000 NTU). A correction algorithm based on a convolutional neural network utilizes a pre-trained model to eliminate turbidity interference in real time (correction error <3%), covering a dynamic range of 0.01-50μg / L of the detected substance concentration.

[0055] 4. The converted and corrected data is sent to the ground station via the LoRa module, while the drone’s GPS module simultaneously records the location information;

[0056] 5. After the test is completed, the telescopic rod retracts into the cavity. After the task is completed, a test report is automatically generated, including a thermal map of the spatial distribution of water quality parameters and markings of abnormal areas. The report is synchronized to the cloud monitoring platform via the 4G network, and the drone returns.

[0057] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An algae in-situ detection device based on a drone platform, characterized in that: include: an upper protective tube, wherein an optical system mounting plate is disposed in the upper protective tube; A detection frame connected to the upper protective tube, wherein a steady flow detection cavity is formed in the detection frame, and a light source window is provided on the cavity wall forming the steady flow detection cavity; An LED excitation light source is arranged inside the detection frame, and a light source direction of the LED excitation light source is arranged toward the light source window; A photoelectric collector, comprising a photodiode, a focusing lens, and a window; the photodiode is disposed on the optical system mounting plate, the focusing lens cover is disposed on the photodiode, and the window is disposed at an end of the focusing lens cover away from the photodiode; and a submersible pump, the submersible pump being fixed on the detection frame and being in communication with the steady flow detection chamber; The detection frame is provided with a water outlet which is in communication with the steady flow detection cavity.

2. The algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a drone adaptation module, which includes a carbon fiber mounting bracket and a telescopic rod mechanism for fixing to the drone; the front end of the telescopic rod mechanism is fixed to the carbon fiber mounting bracket, and the end is fixed to the upper protective tube.

3. The algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also included is a top cover, the top cover being fixed to the top of the upper protective cylinder; The hoist is fixed on the top cover, and the telescopic rod mechanism is connected to the upper protective tube through the hoist.

4. The algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes: A temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged on the optical system mounting plate, and a temperature detection end of the temperature sensor is arranged toward the steady flow detection cavity; a data acquisition circuit, the data acquisition circuit being fixed to the optical system mounting plate and being electrically connected to the photodiode and the temperature sensor respectively; A bus connector is fixed on the top cover and is electrically connected to the data acquisition circuit and the LED excitation light source respectively.

5. The algae in-situ detection device based on the UAV platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A detection end window piece is arranged on the optical system mounting plate.

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