Carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geothermal power generation, and provides a carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device and a control method thereof.The device comprises a conduction pipe used for transmitting geothermal media to an evaporator, the evaporator converts the geothermal media into steam and then drives a steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine rotates to drive a power generator to generate power; the cooling mechanism is connected with the steam turbine; the cooling mechanism comprises a condenser arranged on one side of the steam turbine, an air inlet of the condenser is connected with an air outlet of the steam turbine, a liquid outlet of the condenser is communicated with the evaporator through a first circulating water pipe, and an air outlet of the condenser is connected with an exhaust pipe; a second vacuum pump is arranged at the end, away from the condenser, of the exhaust pipe. The first vacuum pump is arranged on one side of the exhaust pipe; an air outlet communicates with the first circulating water pipe through a second circulating water pipe; the power of the first vacuum pump is larger than that of the second vacuum pump. The energy utilization rate of the geothermal medium can be increased while energy is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of geothermal power generation technology, and in particular relates to a carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A CO2 geothermal power plant is a device that uses geothermal energy to generate electricity. Geothermal energy is renewable and can be continuously generated from the heat within the earth. Compared with fossil fuels, it is inexhaustible and can provide a sustainable supply of electricity. The cost of CO2 is also low. Using CO2 geothermal power generation is characterized by high stability, wide geographical coverage, and low operating costs. In addition, geothermal power stations are relatively simple to build and have a relatively small environmental and social impact. Existing CO2 geothermal power generation devices include basic components such as conduction pipes, evaporators, steam turbines, and power generators. The geothermal medium is transported to the evaporator through the conduction pipes, where it evaporates to generate steam that drives the steam turbine, which in turn drives the generator to generate electricity. However, existing carbon dioxide geothermal power generation devices have the following problems: 1) Insufficient cooling efficiency: The efficiency of steam recycling after condensation is low, resulting in suboptimal energy utilization of geothermal media; 2) High energy consumption: Traditional cooling mechanisms usually use a single vacuum pump, which cannot dynamically adjust the suction power under different ambient temperatures, resulting in power waste. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above-mentioned issues, the present disclosure provides a carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device and a control method thereof, which adopts a dual vacuum pump staged control technology (dynamically switching the first and second vacuum pumps on and off according to the ambient temperature), can dynamically match the extraction power, reduce cooling energy consumption, and improve circulation efficiency.

[0004] The following is the technical content of the present invention: A carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device comprises: a conduction pipe (1) for transmitting geothermal medium to an evaporator (3); the evaporator (3) converts the geothermal medium into steam and drives a steam turbine (5) to rotate; the steam turbine (5) rotates and drives an electric generator (6) to generate electricity; and further comprises: a cooling mechanism (7) connected to the steam turbine (5); the cooling mechanism (7) comprises: A condenser (70) is provided on one side of the steam turbine, an air inlet of the condenser is connected to an air outlet of the steam turbine, a liquid outlet of the condenser is connected to the evaporator (3) via a first circulating water pipe (71), and an air outlet of the condenser is connected to an exhaust pipe (72); a second vacuum pump (76) is provided at one end of the exhaust pipe (72) away from the condenser (70); The first vacuum pump (73) is provided on one side of the exhaust pipe (72); its air outlet is connected to the first circulating water pipe (71) via the second circulating water pipe (743); the power of the first vacuum pump (73) is greater than that of the second vacuum pump (76).

[0005] Further, The second vacuum pump (76) and the exhaust pipe (72) are connected via a connecting pipe (75), and the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (75) is smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe (72).

[0006] Further, A first filter element (751) and a desiccant are provided in the connecting pipe (75), and the desiccant is provided on a side of the filter element (751) close to the second vacuum pump (76).

[0007] Further, A condenser (741) is provided at the connection between the first vacuum pump (73) and the second circulating water pipe (743), and the inlet and outlet of the condenser (741) are connected to the condenser (742).

[0008] Further, A vent hole (744) is provided on the surface of the second circulating water pipe (743).

[0009] Further, A filtering mechanism (2) is provided between the conduction pipe (1) and the evaporator (3), and the filtering mechanism (2) comprises: A fixed frame (20) is provided between the conducting tube (1) and the evaporator (3), and a discharge groove (21) is provided at the bottom thereof; The installation frame (230) is arranged inside the fixing frame (20); a filter cloth (231) is provided inside the installation frame (230).

[0010] Further, The mounting frame (230) is provided with a spring (232); A fixing plate (240) is provided on one side of the filter cloth (231); A toggle assembly (243) is provided on one side of the fixed plate (240) close to the filter mesh (231), and a guide structure (244) is provided between the toggle assembly (243) and the fixed plate (240). The guide structure (244) limits the toggle assembly (243) to perform reciprocating linear motion in a horizontal direction; when the toggle assembly (243) reciprocates horizontally, the toggle spring (232) generates vibrations and then collides with the filter mesh (231).

[0011] Further, The toggle assembly (243) is provided with at least one raised portion on a side facing the filter cloth (231); when the toggle assembly (243) reciprocates horizontally, the top of the raised portion periodically contacts the spiral gap of the spring, causing the spring (232) to elastically deform and release, thereby colliding with the filter cloth (231).

[0012] Further, A discharge groove (21) is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame (20), and the discharge groove (21) is located below the filter mesh cloth (231).

[0013] A control method for the carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device, comprising: During the power generation process of the carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device, if the ambient temperature is higher than a threshold value, the second vacuum pump (76) is turned off and the first vacuum pump (73) is turned on; If the ambient temperature is lower than the threshold, the first vacuum pump (73) is turned off and the second vacuum pump (76) is turned on.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present disclosure has the following advantages: The present invention utilizes a cooling mechanism to cool the geothermal medium into liquid and then inputs it into an evaporator to continue generating electricity, thereby achieving a cyclic power generation effect. Two vacuum pumps are installed in the cooling mechanism. When the temperature is higher than a threshold, the second vacuum pump is turned off and the first vacuum pump is turned on. The first vacuum pump continuously extracts water vapor, so that the water vapor that drives the rotation of the steam turbine 5 is continuously drawn into the condenser along with the air. After condensing into liquid in the condenser, it flows into the first circulating water pipe and is transported to the evaporator. When the temperature drops, part of the steam has condensed into liquid in the conveying pipe between the turbine and the cooling mechanism before reaching the cooling mechanism 7, and the amount of water vapor decreases. If a high-power vacuum pump is continued to be used for exhaust, it will be a waste of electricity. Therefore, the first vacuum pump can be turned off and the second vacuum pump can be turned on. The second vacuum pump with low power can be used for exhaust. The water vapor can also be pumped into the condenser. Since the second vacuum pump has low power, electricity consumption is saved.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by practicing the present disclosure. The purposes and other advantages of the present disclosure can be realized and obtained by the structures indicated in the description, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention; Figure 2 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the filtering mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning element of the present invention; Figure 4 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the filter element of the present invention; Figure 5 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the cooling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of the connecting pipe of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1-conduction pipe; 2-filter mechanism; 20-fixed frame; 21-discharge trough; 22-sealing plate; 23-filter element; 230-mounting frame; 231-filter cloth; 232-spring; 24-cleaning element; 240-fixed plate; 241-limiting plate; 242-linear motor; 243-switching assembly; 3-evaporator; 4-conduit; 5-steam turbine; 6-power generator; 7-cooling mechanism; 70-condenser; 71-first circulating water pipe; 72-exhaust pipe; 73-first vacuum pump; 74-condensing element; 740-connecting pipe; 741-condensing pipe; 742-condenser; 743-second circulating water pipe; 744-vent; 75-connecting pipe; 750-receiving tank; 751-first filter element; 752-desiccant placement door; 753-filter hole; 76-second vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figures 1-6 A schematic diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention is shown, comprising: A conduction pipe 1 is provided with a filter mechanism 2 mounted on its surface, an evaporator 3 is mounted on one end of the conduction pipe 1, a conduit 4 is mounted on the top of the evaporator 3, a steam turbine 5 is mounted on one end of the conduit 4, an electric power generator 6 is mounted on one side of the steam turbine 5, and a cooling mechanism 7 is mounted on one side of the steam turbine 5.

[0021] Cooling mechanism 7 as Figure 5 Shown, including: The condenser 70 is installed on one side of the steam turbine 5. The liquid outlet of the condenser 70 is provided with a first circulating water pipe 71. The gas outlet of the condenser 70 is connected to an exhaust pipe 72 and a first vacuum pump 73 connected to the exhaust pipe 72. A condensing element 74 is installed at the bottom of the first vacuum pump 73. The end of the exhaust pipe 72 away from the condenser 70 is connected to a second vacuum pump 76. A connecting pipe 75 (such as Figure 6 As shown), the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 75 is smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 72; The condensing element 74 includes a connecting pipe 740 and a second circulating water pipe 743. The connecting pipe 740 is installed at the bottom of the first vacuum pump 73. A condenser pipe 741 is wound around the surface of the connecting pipe 740. The inlet and outlet of the condenser pipe 741 are connected to the condenser 742. The second circulating water pipe 743 is provided at the liquid outlet of the condenser pipe 741. The surface of the second circulating water pipe 743 is provided with a vent hole 744. The connecting pipe 75 includes a receiving groove 750, which is fixedly connected to one side of the exhaust pipe 72. A first filter element 751 (a filter tube can be optionally used) is installed inside the receiving groove 750. Filter holes 753 are provided on both sides of the first filter element 751, and a desiccant placement door 752 is provided on one side of the first filter element 751.

[0022] By setting the inner diameter of the connecting pipe 75 and the desiccant placement door (where desiccant can be placed), the problem that the vacuum pump is susceptible to water vapor condensation, especially in a low temperature environment, may cause malfunction due to water ingress and affect the continuous operation of the system, can be solved.

[0023] Filter mechanism such as Figure 2 As shown, its structure includes: The fixing frame 20 is mounted on the surface of the conducting pipe 1. A discharge groove 21 is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame 20. A sealing plate 22 is connected to the bottom of the discharge groove 21 through a thread. A filter 23 (such as a filter element 23) is installed inside the fixing frame 20. Figure 4 shown); The filter element 23 includes a mounting frame 230 , which is fixedly connected to the interior of the fixed frame 20 . A filter cloth 231 is installed inside the mounting frame 230 , and a spring 232 is fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting frame 230 . The surface of the filter element 23 is provided with a cleaning element 24 (such as Figure 3 As shown), the cleaning member 24 includes a fixed plate 240, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed frame 20, and a limiting plate 241 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 240. The surface of the limiting plate 241 is movably connected to a linear motor 242, and the output end of the linear motor 242 is installed with a toggle component 243 (a rack can be used).

[0024] The use of this filtering mechanism can solve the problem that impurities in geothermal media easily clog the filter components, requiring frequent manual disassembly and cleaning, posing a risk of secondary pollution and being time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0025] 2. Specific work flow and principles: 1) Energy conversion process: The conductive pipe 1 is inserted into the underground high-temperature rock layer to transmit carbon dioxide gas, which is then transmitted to the evaporator 3. The carbon dioxide gas heats the water inside the evaporator 3, and the water evaporates at high temperature to produce gas, which is then transmitted to the turbine 5 for conversion into electrical energy, and then transmitted to the power generator 6 for power generation.

[0026] 2) Filtration and cleaning process: When the transmission tube 1 is transmitting, the carbon dioxide gas is filtered through the filter element 23 and the carbon dioxide gas is filtered through the filter cloth 231; when the filter cloth 231 needs to be cleaned, the sealing plate 22 is opened, and the linear motor 242 is started to drive the rack 243 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion on the surface of the limiting plate 241. When the gear teeth of the rack 243 move on the spring 232, the spring coil of the spring 232 will hinder the movement of the gear teeth, so that when the rack 243 moves, the gear teeth will move the spring 232, causing the spring 232 to vibrate and hit the gear teeth. Hit the filter cloth 231, the dust on the filter cloth 231 is shaken off, and the dust falls through the discharge slot 21, achieving the effect of cleaning the filter cloth 231, and there is no need to disassemble the filter mechanism 2, which can avoid various problems caused by manual dust removal, and solves the technical problem in the prior art that the filter cloth 231 needs to be manually cleaned due to blockage, which leads to the cleaning easily causing secondary pollution and is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and realizes the technical effect of automatic cleaning, convenience and ease of use, no secondary pollution, and can extend the service life of the filter mechanism 2 and maintain the filtering effect of the filter mechanism 2.

[0027] 3) Cooling mechanism working logic: After the steam turbine 5 operates to convert electrical energy, the steam is converted into liquid through the cooling mechanism 7 and then transferred to the evaporator 3 through the pipeline to circulate: When the weather is warm: the second vacuum pump 76 is turned off, and the first vacuum pump 73 is turned on. The water vapor that drives the steam turbine 5 to rotate is continuously drawn into the condenser 70 along with the air. The water vapor condenses into liquid in the condenser 70 and flows into the first circulating water pipe 71. The water in the first circulating water pipe 71 is further evaporated into water vapor after being subjected to high temperature and other treatments, and continues to drive the steam turbine 5 to rotate. A portion of the water vapor is discharged into the atmosphere along the first vacuum pump 73. When the weather is cold: a portion of the steam has condensed into liquid in the transmission pipe between the turbine 5 and the cooling mechanism 7 before reaching the cooling mechanism 7, and the amount of water vapor is reduced. At this time, the first vacuum pump 73 is turned off and the second vacuum pump 76 is turned on. The second vacuum pump 76 is used to pump air, which can also pump water vapor into the condenser 70. Since the second vacuum pump 76 has a smaller power, it saves electricity. The inner diameter of the connecting pipe 75 is smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe 72, which reduces the possibility that the water condensed in the exhaust pipe 72 will flow into the second vacuum pump 76 through the connecting pipe 75, thereby reducing the possibility that the second vacuum pump 76 will be damaged by water. When the first vacuum pump 73 is running, the condenser 742 is started. Cold water of the condenser 742 continuously enters from the inlet of the condenser tube 741, flows out from the outlet of the condenser tube 741 and then flows back into the condenser 742. The cold water continuously cools the condenser tube 741. After the water vapor comes out of the first vacuum pump 73, it condenses into water through the condenser tube 741, reducing the possibility of water vapor erupting and scalding the staff. The water flowing out of the condenser tube 741 flows into the first circulating water pipe 71 through the second circulating water pipe 743. The top of the second circulating water pipe 743 is provided with an air vent 744 to release gas; the desiccant in the connecting pipe 75 absorbs the water vapor that is about to enter the second vacuum pump 76, reducing the possibility of water vapor condensing into water in the second vacuum pump 76. When the desiccant fails, the first filter element 751 can be removed and the desiccant can be replaced.

[0028] Summary of working principle: like Figure 1-6 As shown, when the weather is cold, the first vacuum pump 73 is turned off and the second vacuum pump 76 is turned on. The second vacuum pump 76 draws water vapor into the condenser 70 to condense it into liquid, which flows into the first circulating water pipe 71 for recycling; at the same time, the linear motor 242 is started to drive the rack 243 to move the spring 232, vibrating and cleaning the filter cloth 231, and the dust falls through the discharge groove 21.

[0029] Based on the device of the present invention, the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a method for using the device of the present invention, including: During the power generation process of the carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device, if the ambient temperature is higher than a threshold, the second vacuum pump 76 is turned off and the first vacuum pump 73 is turned on; If the ambient temperature is lower than the threshold, the first vacuum pump 73 is turned off and the second vacuum pump 76 is turned on.

[0030] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device, comprising: The conduction pipe (1) is used to transmit geothermal medium to the evaporator (3). The evaporator (3) converts the geothermal medium into steam and drives the steam turbine (5) to rotate. The steam turbine (5) rotates and drives the power generator (6) to generate electricity. The invention is characterized in that it also includes a cooling mechanism (7) connected to the steam turbine (5); the cooling mechanism (7) includes: A condenser (70) is provided on one side of the steam turbine, an air inlet of the condenser is connected to an air outlet of the steam turbine, a liquid outlet of the condenser is connected to the evaporator (3) via a first circulating water pipe (71), and an air outlet of the condenser is connected to an exhaust pipe (72); a second vacuum pump (76) is provided at one end of the exhaust pipe (72) away from the condenser (70); The first vacuum pump (73) is provided on one side of the exhaust pipe (72); its air outlet is connected to the first circulating water pipe (71) via the second circulating water pipe (743); the power of the first vacuum pump (73) is greater than that of the second vacuum pump (76).

2. A carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second vacuum pump (76) and the exhaust pipe (72) are connected via a connecting pipe (75), and the inner diameter of the connecting pipe (75) is smaller than the inner diameter of the exhaust pipe (72).

3. A carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first filter element (751) and a desiccant are provided in the connecting pipe (75), and the desiccant is provided on a side of the filter element (751) close to the second vacuum pump (76).

4. The carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A condenser (741) is provided at the connection between the first vacuum pump (73) and the second circulating water pipe (743), and the inlet and outlet of the condenser (741) are connected to the condenser (742).

5. The carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vent hole (744) is provided on the surface of the second circulating water pipe (743).

6. The carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filtering mechanism (2) is provided between the conducting pipe (1) and the evaporator (3), and the filtering mechanism (2) comprises: A fixed frame (20) is provided between the conducting tube (1) and the evaporator (3), and a discharge groove (21) is provided at the bottom thereof; The installation frame (230) is arranged inside the fixing frame (20); a filter cloth (231) is provided inside the installation frame (230).

7. The carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting frame (230) is provided with a spring (232); A fixing plate (240) is provided on one side of the filter cloth (231); A toggle assembly (243) is provided on one side of the fixed plate (240) close to the filter mesh (231), and a guide structure (244) is provided between the toggle assembly (243) and the fixed plate (240). The guide structure (244) limits the toggle assembly (243) to perform reciprocating linear motion in a horizontal direction; when the toggle assembly (243) reciprocates horizontally, the toggle spring (232) generates vibrations and then collides with the filter mesh (231).

8. The carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The toggle assembly (243) is provided with at least one raised portion on a side facing the filter cloth (231); when the toggle assembly (243) reciprocates horizontally, the top of the raised portion periodically contacts the spiral gap of the spring, causing the spring (232) to elastically deform and release, thereby colliding with the filter cloth (231).

9. The carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A discharge groove (21) is provided at the bottom of the fixing frame (20), and the discharge groove (21) is located below the filter mesh cloth (231).

10. A control method for the carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device, characterized in that: include: During the power generation process of the carbon dioxide geothermal power generation device, if the ambient temperature is higher than a threshold value, the second vacuum pump (76) is turned off and the first vacuum pump (73) is turned on; If the ambient temperature is lower than the threshold, the first vacuum pump (73) is turned off and the second vacuum pump (76) is turned on.

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