Static ice adhesion strength envelope measurement method for substrate interfaces

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of static ice and the interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method of measured substrate, it includes the following steps: by measuring system obtains uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and uniaxial shear adhesion strength;N first measured data points are preset with horizontal coordinate obeying uniform distribution, and its horizontal and vertical coordinate value is calculated, then data fitting is carried out using inflection point-free distribution model and first inflection point distribution model, and the type of static ice and the interface adhesion strength envelope of measured substrate is judged according to two fitting degrees, if there is inflection point, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the preset N second measured data points are calculated in combination with specified second inflection point distribution model;Then data fitting is carried out using the second inflection point distribution model to all data points, and the adhesion strength envelope of measured substrate is obtained.

Description

[0001] Priority Application

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Invention Patent Application No. 2023111006000, filed August 29, 2023, entitled “A Static Ice and Material Interface Adhesion Strength Envelope Measurement Method and System,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0003] Divisional Application

[0004] This application is a divisional application of Chinese Invention Patent Application No. 202410580587.1, filed May 10, 2024, entitled “A Static Ice and Material Interface Adhesion Strength Envelope Measurement Method and System.” TECHNICAL FIELD

[0005] The present application relates to ice layer interface mechanical property measurement and characterization, and in particular to a static ice and to-be-measured substrate interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method under a shear-tension coupled loading state. BACKGROUND

[0006] Ice encountered during aircraft flight can cause great harm to flight. Research shows that the lower the adhesion force between the ice layer and the aircraft structure substrate material, the easier it is for the aircraft anti-icing technology to remove the ice layer on the aircraft skin surface. Therefore, accurately measuring and analyzing the adhesion performance of the ice and aircraft structure substrate material interface can provide reference and data support for aircraft anti-icing technology design.

[0007] The adhesion performance of the ice and aircraft structure substrate material interface includes interface adhesion shear strength and interface adhesion tensile strength. However, current research on experimental test methods for the adhesion performance of the ice layer and substrate material interface mainly focuses on interface uniaxial stress state shear adhesion strength testing or uniaxial stress state tensile adhesion strength testing.

[0008] For example, Chinese Patent No. CN112014234B provides a measurement device that can be used for interface uniaxial stress state shear adhesion strength testing or uniaxial stress state tensile adhesion strength testing. It discloses that when testing the normal ice adhesion force, nylon rope one is used to connect the connecting piece one at the bottom of the cylindrical cup. After connection is completed, the tensile test is quickly performed using the normal test equipment, and the cup opening debonding tensile force value minus the cup itself weight is the normal force value required when the ice adhesion material is debonded. When testing the tangential ice adhesion force, nylon rope two is used to connect the connecting piece two at the side of the cylindrical cup. After connection is completed, the tangential tensile test is quickly performed, and the cup opening debonding tensile force value minus the cup itself weight is the tangential force value required when the ice adhesion material is debonded.

[0009] For example, a Chinese patent with patent publication number CN102288542A provides a material surface icing adhesion strength measurement system and method, which realizes linear tension growth by using different weight standard weights to realize normal adhesion force measurement.

[0010] Therefore, it can be seen that the current experimental test method for the adhesion performance of the ice layer and the base material interface mainly focuses on the uniaxial stress state shear adhesion strength test or the uniaxial stress state tensile adhesion strength test. However, compared with a single interface strength, the tensile-shear comprehensive stress state and its strength envelope under a multi-axial stress state can more objectively and comprehensively reflect the interface adhesion performance. Therefore, at present, there is still a lack of a measurement system and a corresponding measurement method for the ice layer and the base material interface adhesion strength envelope under a multi-axial stress state.

[0011] Generally, different material interface adhesion strength envelopes obey different distribution models, and known distribution models generally include two types, one is a non-kink curve distribution, and the other is a kinked line with a kink point located in different regions, such as a kink appearing in a middle region, or a front-middle region, or a middle-back region. However, the most commonly used envelope measurement method is a uniform distribution mean value measurement experiment, which is the most commonly used method for obtaining a material interface adhesion strength envelope.

[0012] However, the performance of the ice layer and the material interface is different, the ice layer is divided into static ice and dynamic ice, different ice layers form different conditions and have different properties, and the way of forming the interface between the ice layer and the material interface is also different, which may affect the shape of the interface adhesion strength envelope. If the uniform test value is directly applied to the ice layer and the base material surface adhesion strength measurement, the characteristics of the envelope (such as the kink characteristics and the region of the kink point) may be weakened, thereby reducing the measurement accuracy. If a plurality of distribution models (or distribution functions) are used for experiments respectively, and the experimental results are screened to lengthen the entire experimental period. In addition, whether to use one model or multiple models will also affect the planning of the entire measurement envelope experiment scheme.

[0013] Therefore, in the prior art, without in-depth exploration of the ice layer and the material interface adhesion strength envelope, how to plan the experimental scheme to find a method suitable for the static ice and the base material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement is a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0014] The purpose of the present application is to provide a static ice and base interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method, to partially solve or alleviate the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, to provide an experimental design scheme suitable for the static ice and base interface adhesion strength envelope measurement, and to provide a new exploration direction for obtaining the static ice and base material interface adhesion strength envelope.

[0015] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present application specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0016] The first aspect of the present application is to provide a static ice and substrate interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method, which is based on a static ice and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement system, the static ice and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement system comprises: a refrigeration platform, a bottom-opened ice mold, a fixing mechanism for fixing the substrate to be tested on the refrigeration platform, a tangential execution mechanism and a normal execution mechanism for respectively applying a tangential tension and a normal tension to the static ice formed on the substrate to be tested, a force sensor arranged on the tangential execution mechanism and the normal execution mechanism respectively, and an upper computer in data communication with the force sensor; accordingly, the static ice and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0017] Preparation of static ice and substrate interface;

[0018] Obtaining the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and the uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the static ice and the substrate interface respectively;

[0019] Pre-set N first test data points with uniform distribution of horizontal coordinates, and determine the horizontal coordinate value of each first test data point in the τ-σ coordinate system in combination with the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength;

[0020] For each of the first test data points, the tangential tension peak value mean under the coupling tangential load state on the basis of the tensile load corresponding to the horizontal coordinate value is obtained through the normal execution mechanism and the tangential execution mechanism, and the shear adhesion strength value of the first test data point is calculated based on the tangential tension peak value mean, to obtain the vertical coordinate value of each first test data point;

[0021] Based on the preset non-inflexion point distribution model and the preset first inflexion point distribution model, data fitting is performed on the N first test data points to obtain respective fitting goodness, and the two fitting goodnesses are compared;

[0022] If the fitting goodness parameter corresponding to the non-inflexion point distribution model is greater than the fitting goodness parameter corresponding to the first inflexion point distribution model, it is determined that the envelope characteristic type of the measured adhesion strength envelope is non-inflexion, and the curve fitted by the non-inflexion point distribution model is used as the measured adhesion strength envelope;

[0023] If the goodness-of-fit parameter corresponding to the no-kink distribution model is less than the goodness-of-fit parameter corresponding to the first kink distribution model, it is determined that the characteristic type of the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate interface adhesion strength envelope is a kink, N second to-be-tested data points are preset again, and a corresponding second kink distribution model and a distribution density function of the abscissa are matched for the N second to-be-tested data points according to the characteristic type of the envelope, and the abscissa value and the ordinate value of the N second to-be-tested data points are obtained through experiments in a shear-tension coupling state; the second kink distribution model is matched from three preset basic kink distribution models according to the characteristic type of the envelope; the characteristic type of the envelope includes: there is a significant kink, and the kink is located in the middle of the envelope, or there is a significant kink, and the kink is located in the middle front of the envelope, or there is a significant kink, and the kink is located in the middle rear of the envelope.

[0024] Data fitting is performed on the obtained 2N data points and the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and the uniaxial shear adhesion strength by using the second kink distribution model, so as to obtain the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate interface adhesion strength envelope.

[0025] In some embodiments, the step of presetting N first to-be-tested data points subjected to uniform distribution of the abscissa and determining the abscissa value of each first to-be-tested data point in the τ-σ coordinate system in combination with the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength specifically includes:

[0026] The maximum tensile adhesion strength value is divided by N to obtain a tolerance, which is gradually increased from 0 to form an arithmetic sequence, and the sequence is used as the ice layer tensile adhesion strength test point value, so as to obtain the abscissa value of each first to-be-tested data point.

[0027] In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the abscissa value of the N second to-be-tested data points through experiments specifically includes:

[0028] If the characteristic type of the envelope is that there is a significant kink, and the kink is located in the middle of the envelope, the distribution density function of the abscissa of the N second to-be-tested data points is a normal distribution function, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is divided into N levels based on the normal distribution function, and the tensile adhesion strength value of the N second to-be-tested data points is obtained.

[0029] If the characteristic type of the envelope is that there is a significant kink, and the kink is located in the middle of the envelope, the distribution density function of the abscissa of the N second to-be-tested data points is a normal distribution function, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is divided into N levels based on the normal distribution function, and the tensile adhesion strength value of the N second to-be-tested data points is obtained.

[0030] If the package line feature is that there is a significant inflection point, and the inflection point appears in the middle and back of the package line, the distribution density function of the horizontal coordinates of the N second to be measured data points is a Gamma mirror distribution, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is divided into N levels based on the Gamma distribution function, the mirror image value of the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength of the N second to be measured data points is obtained, and then the mirror image value of the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength of the N second to be measured data points is mirrored with a preset symmetry axis to obtain the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength value of the N second to be measured data points.

[0031] In some embodiments, the symmetry axis is located at the midpoint of the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength horizontal coordinate in the τ-σ coordinate system, and is perpendicular to the horizontal axis in the τ-σ coordinate system.

[0032] In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the vertical coordinate value of the N second to be measured data points through experiments specifically includes:

[0033] For the first second to be measured data point, on the basis of the tensile load corresponding to the horizontal coordinate value, the normal tensile force is loaded to the normal tensile force value corresponding to the first level of tensile adhesion strength through the normal execution mechanism, and then the tangential load is loaded until the interface separation of the static ice and the to-be-measured substrate occurs, the shear tensile force peak value collected by the corresponding stress sensor is obtained, the shear adhesion strength value of the first second to be measured data point in the coupled state is calculated according to the shear tensile force peak value, and the calculation is repeated multiple times.

[0034] For the second second to be measured data point, on the basis of the tensile load corresponding to the horizontal coordinate value, the normal tensile force is loaded to the normal tensile force value corresponding to the second level of tensile adhesion strength through the normal execution mechanism, and then the tangential load is loaded until the interface separation of the static ice and the to-be-measured substrate occurs, the shear tensile force peak value collected by the corresponding stress sensor is obtained, the shear adhesion strength value of the second second to be measured data point in the coupled state is calculated according to the shear tensile force peak value, and the calculation is repeated multiple times.

[0035] This is repeated N times until the shear adhesion strength value of the Nth second to be measured data point is obtained.

[0036] In some embodiments, the step of obtaining the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and the uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the interface between the static ice and the to-be-measured substrate through the measurement system specifically includes:

[0037] A normal tensile force and a tangential tensile force are respectively applied to the static ice prepared on the to-be-tested substrate by the normal actuator and the tangential actuator until the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate are separated at the interface, and a normal tensile force peak value and a tangential tensile force peak value collected by the corresponding stress sensor are respectively obtained;

[0038] The normal tensile force peak value and the tangential tensile force peak value are repeatedly obtained several times, and a normal tensile force peak value average and a tangential tensile force peak value average are respectively calculated, so that the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and the uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the interface between the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate are obtained.

[0039] Beneficial effects: the present application sets a group of data points subject to uniform distribution, and then respectively uses a no-kink distribution model and a preset first-kink distribution model for data fitting, so as to preliminarily judge whether the adhesion strength envelope of the ice layer and the substrate material interface has a kink according to the fitting result, if there is a kink, then set a group of data points subject to a specific classification according to the approximate location of the kink (the user can predict the corresponding envelope feature type according to the fitting result, and then specify or automatically match a specific second-kink distribution model according to the envelope feature type), and superimpose the group of data points and the aforementioned group of data points, so as to magnify the kink feature, so as to more accurately determine the region where the kink is located; if there is no kink, then directly use the above-mentioned no-kink distribution model for fitting. For the to-be-tested envelope with a kink feature predicted, the distribution density of a plurality of second to-be-tested data points is planned (for example, the abscissa is subject to a specific distribution), and then all the measured data are summarized, so that the kink feature is magnified (for example, by increasing the density of the to-be-tested data points around the kink, so that when all the data points are superimposed together, the kink feature will inevitably be magnified), so as to more accurately determine the specific position of the kink.

[0040] Compared with the problem that the mean value measurement method is used alone to weaken the envelope feature, the method of the present application can magnify the kink feature and more accurately determine the specific position of the kink by adjusting the number (or density) of to-be-tested data points around the assumed kink on the basis of obtaining the same number of to-be-tested data points, so that the fitting function obtained when the envelope is fitted later is more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference signs. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual proportions. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without paying creative labor.

[0042] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a static ice and to-be-measured substrate interfacial adhesion strength envelope curve measurement system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of placing an ice mold on an ice making platform in a static ice and to-be-measured substrate interfacial adhesion strength envelope curve measurement system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of preparing static ice on an ice making platform in a static ice and to-be-measured substrate interfacial adhesion strength envelope curve measurement system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4A A flowchart of a static ice and to-be-measured substrate interfacial adhesion strength envelope curve measurement method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 4B A flowchart of a static ice and to-be-measured substrate interfacial adhesion strength envelope curve measurement method according to another exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of reflecting uniaxial shear adhesion strength A schematic diagram of positions of corresponding data points, uniaxial tensile adhesion strength in a coordinate system;

[0048] Figure 6a A schematic diagram of a strength envelope corresponding to hypothesis 1;

[0049] Figure 6b A schematic diagram of a strength envelope corresponding to hypothesis 2;

[0050] Figure 6c A schematic diagram of a strength envelope corresponding to hypothesis 3;

[0051] Figure 6d A schematic diagram of a strength envelope corresponding to hypothesis 4;

[0052] Figure 7 ​A horizontal coordinate distribution diagram of the 10 first to-be-tested data points predicted according to the experimental design scheme;

[0053] Figure 8 A horizontal coordinate distribution diagram of each data point in the 10 first to-be-tested data points predicted according to the experimental design scheme;

[0054] Figure 9 A horizontal coordinate distribution diagram of each data point in the 10 first to-be-tested data points predicted according to the experimental design scheme;

[0055] Figure 10 A horizontal coordinate distribution diagram of each data point in the 10 first to-be-tested data points predicted according to the experimental design scheme;

[0056] Figure 11A A shear adhesion strength distribution diagram of the 8 predicted data points under uniform distribution under the tensile-shear coupling loading condition;

[0057] Figure 11B A fitting curve diagram obtained by fitting the 8 predicted data points in the uniform distribution model; Figure 11A

[0058] Figure 11C A fitting curve diagram obtained by fitting the 8 predicted data points in the first broken line; Figure 11A

[0059] The figure mark identification summary: refrigeration platform 1, clamp 10; ice making mold 2, hollow cavity 21, sealing cover 22, clamping groove 23, arc-shaped handle 24; to-be-tested substrate 3; static ice 4a, ice and to-be-tested substrate interface 43; force sensor 5; traction rope 71, hand-operated pulley 72, fixed pulley 73; 8 support frames. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0061] ​​Herein, the suffixes such as "module", "part", or "unit" used for components are merely intended for facilitation of explanation of the present application, and do not have in themselves special meanings. Thus, "module", "part", or "unit" can be used in mixture. Herein, the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "one side", "the other side", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present application and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Herein, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mount", "provided with", "connected", and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "connected" can be fixed connection, can be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, can be internal connection of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Herein "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more listed related items. Herein "multiple" means two or more, that is, it includes two, three, four, five, etc. In the specification, some embodiments can be disclosed in a format of a certain range. It should be understood that such "in a certain range" description is merely for convenience and brevity, and should not be interpreted as a rigid limitation of the disclosed range. Therefore, the description of the range should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and independent digital values within the range.

[0062] Current research on experimental testing methods for the adhesion performance of ice layer and substrate material interface mainly focuses on uniaxial stress state shear adhesion strength testing or uniaxial stress state tensile adhesion strength testing. There is a lack of research on interface adhesion strength envelope measurement system and method of ice layer and substrate material. Although there are many distribution models for envelope measurement, it is not yet conclusive as to which distribution is more suitable or closer between the interface of ice layer and substrate material. The usual method to obtain the adhesion strength envelope of the material interface is to test the envelope experiment with uniform test values. However, the use of uniform test values may actually weaken the envelope characteristics of the envelope, thereby reducing the measurement accuracy. If the known distribution model is directly used for experiment and data fitting respectively, the experimental period is longer and the cost is larger. Therefore, how to reasonably plan the ice layer and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement experiment is a problem that needs to be solved at present.

[0063] In view of this, the present application firstly sets a group of data points with uniform distribution of abscissa, and respectively fits with the distribution models with inflection point and without inflection point, to preliminarily predict the envelope characteristic type thereof, if there is an inflection point, then according to the envelope characteristic type, matches to the specific inflection point distribution model, and the distribution density function to which the second group of to-be-tested data points of the abscissa designed for amplifying the inflection point characteristic, and collects all the measured data, so that the corresponding characteristics are amplified (for example, if there is an inflection point, by increasing the density of the to-be-tested data points around the inflection point, so that when all the data points are superimposed together, the inflection point characteristic will inevitably be amplified); and provides a more reliable research direction for exploring the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate interface adhesion strength envelope.

[0064] Embodiment one: see Figure 1 , a structural diagram of a static ice and a to-be-tested substrate interface adhesion strength envelope measurement system of an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0065] See Figure 1 , the static ice and the material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement system comprises: a refrigeration platform 1, an ice mold 2, a fixing mechanism (preferably, a clamp) for fixing a to-be-tested substrate 3 on the refrigeration platform 1, a tangential execution mechanism and a normal execution mechanism for respectively applying a tangential tension and a normal tension to the static ice 4 formed on the to-be-tested substrate 3, a force sensor 5 respectively arranged on the tangential execution mechanism and the normal execution mechanism, and an upper computer in data communication with the force sensor.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , the ice mold 2 comprises a hollow cavity 21 with top and bottom openings, and a sealing cover 22 detachably mounted on the top of the hollow cavity 21.

[0067] In some embodiments, the hollow cavity 21 is cylindrical, and a ring of clamping grooves 23 for sleeving the traction rope in the tangential execution mechanism is arranged in the circumferential direction in the middle of the hollow cavity 21; an arc-shaped handle 24 for connecting the traction rope in the normal execution mechanism is arranged on the top of the sealing cover 22. Preferably, the sealing cover 22 and the hollow cavity 21 are threadedly connected.

[0068] In some embodiments, the tangential execution mechanism comprises a traction rope 71 matched with the clamping groove 23, and a power source for applying a tangential tension (or shear load) to the ice mold through the traction rope. Preferably, the power source adopts an electric motor or a hand-cranked pulley 72. One end of the traction rope is sleeved in the clamping groove 23, and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft of the electric motor or the hand-cranked pulley; and a force sensor 5 is arranged on the traction rope 71.

[0069] By setting a circle of clamping slots in the middle of the hollow cavity in the circumferential direction, the traction rope is wound around the hollow cavity, avoiding the slippage of the traction rope with the outer wall surface when the tangential tension is applied.

[0070] In some embodiments, a fixed clamp is used to fix the to-be-tested substrate on the refrigeration platform to limit the relative slip between the to-be-tested substrate and the refrigeration platform due to the normal tensile force / tangential tension during the measurement.

[0071] In some embodiments, the normal actuator includes a traction rope 71 cooperating with the arc-shaped handle 24, a fixed pulley 73 located directly above the ice mold (specifically, the fixed pulley 73 is fixed directly above the ice mold by the support frame 8), and a power source for applying a normal tensile force (or normal load) to the ice mold through the traction rope. Preferably, the power source uses an electric motor or a hand-cranked pulley 72. One end of the traction rope is fixed on the arc-shaped handle 24, and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft of the electric motor or the hand-cranked pulley; and a force sensor 5 is arranged on the traction rope 71.

[0072] In some embodiments, the hollow cavity, the sealing cover, and the to-be-tested substrate are replaceable and standardized. For example, different to-be-tested substrates are prepared using different substrate materials, and the opening diameter of the bottom of the hollow cavity is designed, so as to measure the ice interface adhesion performance under different contact areas of the ice layer and the to-be-tested substrate and different substrate materials.

[0073] In some embodiments, the ice mold is placed on the to-be-tested substrate, the sealing cover is opened, and an appropriate amount of water is added into the hollow cavity, then the sealing cover is tightened, and the water is cooled to form a static ice interface with the to-be-tested substrate by the refrigeration platform.

[0074] In some embodiments, the principle of determining the normal tensile adhesion strength of the interface based on the above system is as follows: after the static ice interface with the to-be-tested substrate is generated, the normal traction rope is tightened, the tangential traction rope is not set or loosened, and the normal tensile force is gradually increased until the ice mold and the to-be-tested substrate are separated at the interface, so as to realize the measurement of the tensile adhesion strength of the ice layer interface.

[0075] In some embodiments, the principle of determining the tangential tensile adhesion strength of the interface based on the above system is as follows: after the static ice interface with the to-be-tested substrate is generated, the tangential traction rope is tightened, the normal traction rope is not set or loosened, and the tangential tensile force is gradually increased until the ice mold and the to-be-tested substrate are separated at the interface, so as to realize the measurement of the shear adhesion strength of the ice layer interface.

[0076] In some embodiments, the principle of determining the interface adhesion strength under the shear-tensile coupled loading state based on the above system is as follows:

[0077] After the static ice and the interface of the to-be-tested substrate are generated, the normal traction rope is tightened to give the interface a certain amount of normal tension, that is, a normal tensile load, and then, on this basis, the tangential tension is gradually increased (that is, a tangential load), until the ice mold and the to-be-tested substrate are separated from each other at the interface, so that an interface stress test value in a tensile-shear coupling state is obtained.

[0078] According to a preset experimental design scheme, the size of the given normal tension (that is, the normal tensile load) is gradually increased, the above steps are repeated, a plurality of interface stress test values in a tensile-shear coupling state are obtained, the measurement of the interface adhesion strength envelope of the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate is completed, and finally all the data points are fitted into the interface adhesion strength envelope.

[0079] Embodiment Two: Based on the above-mentioned static ice and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement system, the present application further provides a static ice and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method.

[0080] Referring to Figure 4A , the static ice and material interface adhesion strength envelope measurement method of the present embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] S1, preparing an interface of static ice and a to-be-tested substrate.

[0082] In some embodiments, this step S1 specifically includes: selecting a to-be-tested substrate material, and manufacturing a corresponding to-be-tested substrate (or a to-be-tested flat plate) according to the corresponding size; then fixing the to-be-tested substrate on the refrigeration platform through a fixing clamp, so that the to-be-tested substrate is integrated with the refrigeration platform; placing an ice mold on the surface of the to-be-tested substrate, adding an appropriate amount of water into the ice mold, tightening the sealing cover, and sleeving the tangential traction rope on the clamping groove and the normal traction rope on the top of the arc-shaped handle; cooling the water through the refrigeration platform to form an interface of static ice and the to-be-tested substrate.

[0083] S2, respectively obtaining uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the interface of static ice and the to-be-tested substrate.

[0084] In some embodiments, S2 specifically includes: using a motor or a hand-cranked pulley to drive the tangential traction rope to make the interface shear off, recording the peak value of the tangential load (that is, the peak value of the tangential tension) of the corresponding stress sensor, repeating the above steps 3-5 times, and calculating the average value of the peak values of the tangential load measured 3-5 times; then, the uniaxial shear adhesion strength is calculated according to the following formula : (1).

[0085] The normal traction rope is driven by a motor or a hand-cranked pulley to make the interface stretch off, the normal load peak value (i.e. the normal tensile force peak value) of the corresponding stress sensor is recorded, the above steps are repeated 3-5 times, and the average value of the normal load peak values measured 3-5 times is calculated; then, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is calculated according to the following formula : (2)。

[0086] Wherein, is the average value of the tangential tensile force peak value, is the average value of the normal tensile force peak value, and S is the static ice and the interface area of the measured substrate.

[0087] Subsequently, the uniaxial shear adhesion strength , the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength of the corresponding data points in the coordinate system are plotted, as shown in . Figure 5

[0088] S3, according to a plurality of groups of measured data points subject to different distribution models, a static ice and a measured substrate interface adhesion strength envelope experiment is performed.

[0089] Data fitting is usually performed based on the following formula: (3)。

[0090] Wherein is the uniaxial shear adhesion strength, is the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength, τ is the interface shear stress, σ is the interface tensile stress, and parameters , are to-be-fitted determined parameters. However, the above method actually assumes that the static ice and the measured substrate interface adhesion strength envelope is subject to a non-inflection point distribution. However, the ice layer interface adhesion strength envelope does not have a clear envelope shape or function form, and there is no corresponding report. Therefore, only the above single assumption is used for data fitting, which may not actually obtain the real ice layer and the measured foundation interface adhesion strength envelope, or the precision of the obtained strength envelope is low.

[0091] Based on this, in the embodiment, considering the strength envelope with different envelope characteristics, a corresponding shear-tensile load loading experiment design scheme is designed.

[0092] In some embodiments, the measured data points are grouped according to four preset strength envelopes, i.e. the predetermined measured data points are divided into four groups, and the following four tensile load loading value (i.e. the value of the horizontal axis or the horizontal coordinate of each measured data point) arrangement schemes are set respectively:

[0093] Assumption 1: refer to Figure 6a ​, assuming that the static ice and base material interface strength envelope curve is a curve without inflection points, and the envelope characteristics are: no inflection point, roughly or almost uniform distribution, and the corresponding fitting formula is the above formula (3) (i.e. no inflection point distribution model);

[0094] Assumption 2: see Figure 6b , assuming that the static ice and base material interface adhesion strength envelope curve is the first broken line, and the envelope characteristics are: there is a significant inflection point, and the inflection point appears in the middle part of the envelope curve, and the corresponding fitting formula (i.e. one of the basic inflection point distribution models) is:

[0095] (4);

[0096] Assumption 3: see Figure 6c , assuming that the static ice and base material interface adhesion strength envelope curve is the second broken line, and the characteristics are: there is a significant inflection point, and the inflection point appears in the middle front part of the envelope curve, and the corresponding fitting formula (i.e. the second basic inflection point distribution model) is:

[0097] (5);

[0098] Assumption 4: see Figure 6d , assuming that the static ice and base material interface adhesion strength envelope curve is the third broken line, and the characteristics are: there is a significant inflection point, and the inflection point appears in the middle rear part of the envelope curve, and the corresponding fitting formula (i.e. the third basic inflection point distribution model) is:

[0099] (6).

[0100] To accurately obtain the key data of the envelope curve and fit the envelope curve, according to the above four strength envelope curve assumptions, the tensile load loading value is designed and selected according to the envelope curve characteristics, that is, the different distribution density functions of the horizontal coordinate are matched.

[0101] Exemplarily, corresponding to the four assumptions, the predetermined 4N data points to be measured are divided into four groups, and the following four tensile load loading value (i.e. the value of the horizontal axis or the horizontal coordinate) arrangement schemes are set respectively; preferably, the number of experiments corresponding to each assumption is set to 10 times:

[0102] 1) For the first group of test data points subject to the no-kink distribution model, the abscissa (i.e., the tensile adhesion strength value) of each test data point in the first group of test data points is determined based on a uniform distribution (i.e., the distribution density function of the abscissa of the first group of test data points is a uniform distribution function). For example, the maximum tensile adhesion strength value (i.e., the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength) of the ice layer obtained is divided by 10 to obtain a tolerance, and a stepwise sequence is formed by gradually increasing from 0, and the sequence is used as the value of the ice layer tensile adhesion strength test point, so as to obtain the tensile adhesion strength value of each test data point in the first group of test data points, that is, to determine the value of each test data point on the abscissa. In some embodiments, according to the above method, the value of each test data point on the abscissa is seen in Figure 7 . Then, each tensile adhesion strength value is set as the basic value of the corresponding test data point for coupling loading (correspondingly, the normal force corresponding to each test data point can be determined), and then the shear force is gradually increased from 0 N until the static ice and the test substrate interface separates, to obtain the corresponding shear tensile force peak value, which is repeated multiple times, and the average value is calculated to obtain the shear adhesion strength value of each test data point, that is, the ordinate of the test data point.

[0103] 2) For the second group of test data points subject to the distribution model shown in formula (4), the abscissa (i.e., the tensile adhesion strength value) of each test data point in the second group of test data points is determined based on a normal distribution function (i.e., the distribution density function of the abscissa of the second group of test data points is a normal distribution function). For example, according to the maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer and the normal distribution function, the tensile adhesion strength values of 10 test data points are calculated, that is, the abscissa of each test data point is determined (for example, according to the aforementioned experimental design scheme, the value of each test data point on the abscissa of the second group of test data points is seen in Figure 8 ). It can be seen that the number / density of test data points around the inflection point (i.e., the inflection point in the test envelope under the assumption that the test envelope is subject to the aforementioned assumption 2) is larger; then, each tensile adhesion strength value is set as the basic value of the corresponding test data point for coupling loading (correspondingly, the normal force of each test data point can be determined), and then the shear force is gradually increased from 0 N until the static ice and the test substrate interface separates, to obtain the corresponding shear tensile force peak value, which is repeated multiple times, and the average value is calculated to obtain the shear adhesion strength value of each test data point, that is, the ordinate of the test data point. As can be seen from the figure, each test data point in the second group of test data points is concentrated in the middle region of the test adhesion strength envelope.

[0104] 3) for the third group of to-be-measured data points subject to the distribution model shown in formula (5), the abscissa of each to-be-measured data point in the third group of to-be-measured data points is determined based on the Gamma distribution function (i.e., the tensile adhesion strength value) (i.e., the distribution density function of the abscissa of the third group of to-be-measured data points is the Gamma distribution function). For example, according to the maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer and the Gamma function, the tensile adhesion strength values of 10 to-be-measured data points are calculated, that is, the abscissa of each to-be-measured data point is determined (for example, according to the aforementioned experimental design scheme, the values of the third group of to-be-measured data points on the abscissa are shown in Table 3). Figure 9 It can be seen that the number / density of to-be-measured data points around the inflection point (i.e., the inflection point in the to-be-measured envelope line under the assumption that the to-be-measured envelope line is subject to the aforementioned assumption 2) is larger; then, each tensile adhesion strength value is taken as the basic set value of the corresponding to-be-measured data point for coupled loading (correspondingly, the normal tension of each to-be-measured data point can be determined), then the shear tension is gradually increased from 0 N until the static ice and the to-be-measured substrate interface separates, the corresponding shear tensile force peak value is obtained, repeated multiple times, and the average value is calculated to obtain the shear adhesion strength value of each to-be-measured data point, that is, the ordinate of the to-be-measured data point. As can be seen from the figure, each to-be-measured data point in the third group of to-be-measured data points is concentrated in the middle and front area of the to-be-measured adhesion strength envelope line.

[0105] 4) for the fourth group of to-be-measured data points subject to the distribution model shown in formula (6), the mirror image abscissa (i.e., the tensile adhesion strength value) of each to-be-measured data point in the fourth group of to-be-measured data points is determined based on the Gamma distribution function, and the mirror image processing is performed to obtain the abscissa of the fourth group of to-be-measured data points (i.e., the distribution density function of the abscissa of the fourth group of to-be-measured data points is the Gamma mirror image distribution function). For example, according to the maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer and the Gamma function, the tensile adhesion strength values of 10 to-be-measured data points are calculated, and the symmetric axis perpendicular to the abscissa is set at the origin and the midpoint of the maximum tensile adhesion strength abscissa of the ice layer, then the Gamma distribution is mirror image processed on the symmetric axis to obtain the tensile adhesion strength value of each to-be-measured data point in the fourth group of to-be-measured data points, that is, the abscissa of each to-be-measured data point is determined (for example, according to the aforementioned experimental design scheme, the values of each data point in the fourth group of data on the abscissa are shown in Table 4). Figure 10 It can be seen from the figure that each to-be-measured data point in the fourth group of to-be-measured data points is concentrated in the middle and rear area of the to-be-measured adhesion strength envelope line.

[0106] S4, connecting all the to-be-tested data points, the uniaxial shear adhesion strength, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength to draw a to-be-tested envelope, and matching the to-be-tested envelope with the best distribution model.

[0107] All the data points are counted on a function image, and a total of 42 data points (including two data points on the horizontal and vertical coordinate axes, and the uniaxial shear adhesion strength, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength) are obtained. The 42 data points are connected to form a curve, the similarity between the curve and the four assumed distribution curves is calculated, and it is determined whether the similarity is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value (specifically, the similarity can be obtained by image processing through the upper computer); if so, the assumed strength envelope with the greatest similarity greater than the preset threshold value is taken as the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate adhesion strength envelope; otherwise, the adhesion strength envelope obtained by data fitting according to the 42 data points is taken as the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate adhesion strength envelope.

[0108] Preferably, the similarity is the probability of similarity, and correspondingly, the preset threshold value is 90%.

[0109] Of course, different interface areas, different sizes, different ice-making environments, etc. will affect the shape of the final envelope, and therefore, the purpose of the present application is to explore an experimental direction for the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate adhesion strength envelope under the premise that the shape of the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate adhesion strength envelope is not clear, for example, by enlarging part of the features of the known distribution model to match the best assumed envelope. Compared with the traditional assumption of a single assumed envelope for envelope experiments, the envelope obtained has higher accuracy.

[0110] Embodiment three: the present application also provides another method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope of the static ice and the material interface, which includes the steps in embodiment two, except that, in order to reduce the experimental period and cost, referring to Figure 4B , in this embodiment, the N first to-be-tested data points with the horizontal coordinate obeying uniform distribution are used for experiments in step S3, and then the first data fitting is performed using the no-kink distribution model and the first-kink distribution model, the envelope type or the envelope feature type is preliminarily judged, if there is no kink, no more data points are set for experiments, and the curve obtained by data fitting using the no-kink distribution model is directly taken as the to-be-tested envelope; if there is a kink, N second to-be-tested data points are set, and the horizontal and vertical coordinate values of the N second to-be-tested data points are obtained according to the distribution density function matched to the envelope feature type, and finally the curve obtained by data fitting of all the data points according to the second-kink distribution model matched to the envelope feature type is the to-be-tested envelope.

[0111] Specifically, the above step S3 in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0112] S31, preset N first to-be-measured data points with uniform distribution of abscissa, and determine the abscissa of each first to-be-measured data point in the coordinate system in combination with the maximum tensile adhesion strength (i.e. uniaxial tensile adhesion strength).

[0113] Exemplarily, the abscissa value (i.e. tensile adhesion strength value) of each data point of 10 first measured data points with uniform distribution of abscissa is calculated based on the maximum tensile adhesion strength (i.e. uniaxial tensile adhesion strength): the obtained maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer is divided by 10 to obtain a tolerance, which is gradually increased from 0 to form an arithmetic sequence, and the sequence is used as the ice layer tensile adhesion strength test point value, so as to obtain the tensile adhesion strength value of each first to-be-measured data point, i.e. to determine the value of each first to-be-measured data point on the abscissa.

[0114] S33, for each first to-be-measured data point, the tangential tensile force peak value mean under the coupling of the tangential load state on the basis of the tensile load corresponding to the abscissa is obtained through the normal execution mechanism and the tangential execution mechanism, and the shear adhesion strength value of the first to-be-measured data point is calculated based on the tangential tensile force peak value mean, so as to obtain the ordinate of each first to-be-measured data point.

[0115] Exemplarily, each tensile adhesion strength value is used as the basic setting value of the corresponding first to-be-measured data point for coupling loading (correspondingly, the normal tensile force corresponding to each to-be-measured data point can be determined), and then the shear tensile force is gradually increased from 0 N until the static ice and the to-be-measured substrate interface separates, to obtain the corresponding shear tensile force peak value, which is repeated multiple times and the mean value is calculated to obtain the shear adhesion strength value of each first to-be-measured data point, i.e. the ordinate of the first to-be-measured data point.

[0116] S35, based on the preset inflection point-free distribution model and the preset first inflection point distribution model, data fitting is performed on the obtained N first to-be-measured data points to obtain respective goodness of fit, and the two goodness of fit are compared.

[0117] Wherein, the uniform distribution model is formula (3) above; the first inflection point distribution model is formula (7) above; τ is the interface shear stress, σ is the interface tensile stress, wherein the parameters , , , , , are to-be-fitted determined parameters.

[0118] ​S37, if the fitting goodness of the no-kink distribution model is greater than the fitting goodness of the first-kink distribution model, it is determined that the loop feature type of the to-be-tested adhesive strength loop is no-kink, and the curve obtained by data fitting using the no-kink distribution model is taken as the to-be-tested adhesive strength loop, and the next step of experiment is not performed.

[0119] S39, if the fitting goodness of the no-kink distribution model is less than the fitting goodness of the first-kink distribution model, it is determined that the loop feature type of the to-be-tested adhesive strength loop is kink, and N second to-be-tested data points are set again, and the second-kink distribution model corresponding to the loop feature type and the distribution density function of the horizontal coordinates of the N second to-be-tested data points are matched for the N second to-be-tested data points according to the loop feature type, and then the horizontal coordinate values and the vertical coordinate values of the N second to-be-tested data points are obtained by experiment in the shear-tension coupling state, and data fitting is performed on all data points (N first to-be-tested data points, N second to-be-tested data points, and uniaxial tensile adhesive strength and uniaxial shear adhesive strength) using the second-kink distribution model, to obtain the to-be-tested adhesive strength loop.

[0120] In some embodiments, the second-kink distribution model is matched from three preset basic-kink distribution models (i.e., the above formulas (4), (5), and (6)) according to the loop feature type in the distribution trend of the N first to-be-tested data points. Specifically, after the N first to-be-tested data are fitted using the first-kink distribution model, the approximate distribution region of the kink can be preliminarily judged according to the fitting result or the distribution trend of the N first to-be-tested data points, that is, the loop feature type is preliminarily predicted, and then the basic-kink distribution model with the same distribution region (for example, the kink is located in the middle) is found from the three basic-kink distribution models according to the approximate distribution region. Specifically, as described above, the three basic-kink distribution models are the above formulas (4), (5), and (6).

[0121] In some embodiments, if the loop feature types are different, the second-kink distribution models matched therefor are also different, and accordingly, the horizontal coordinate distributions of the N second to-be-tested data points are also different, that is, the distribution density functions matched for the horizontal coordinates of the N second to-be-tested data points according to the loop feature types are also different, and therefore, the arrangement schemes of the tensile load loading values (i.e., the horizontal axis values or horizontal coordinates of each to-be-tested data point) to be set are also different:

[0122] 1) If the second inflection point distribution model is the above formula (4), the abscissa of the N second to-be-tested data points obeys the normal distribution (i.e., the distribution density function is the normal distribution function), and correspondingly, the abscissa of the N second to-be-tested data points (i.e., the tensile adhesion strength value) is determined based on the normal distribution function. Exemplarily, according to the maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer (i.e., the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength) and the normal distribution function, the tensile adhesion strength values of 10 second to-be-tested data points are calculated, i.e., the abscissa of each second to-be-tested data point is determined, which is shown in Table 1. Figure 8 It can be seen that the second to-be-tested data points around the inflection point are concentrated in the middle region of the to-be-tested adhesion strength envelope. Figure 8

[0123] 2) If the second inflection point distribution model is the above formula (5), the abscissa of the N second to-be-tested data points obeys the Gamma distribution (i.e., the distribution density function is the Gamma distribution function), and correspondingly, the abscissa of the N second to-be-tested data points (i.e., the tensile adhesion strength value) is determined based on the Gamma distribution function. Exemplarily, according to the maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer and the Gamma function, the tensile adhesion strength values of 10 second to-be-tested data points are calculated, i.e., the abscissa of each second to-be-tested data point is determined, which is shown in Table 2. Figure 9 It can be seen that the second to-be-tested data points around the inflection point are concentrated in the middle region of the to-be-tested adhesion strength envelope. Figure 9

[0124] ​​3) If the second inflection point distribution model is the above formula (6), the abscissa of the N second to be measured data points obeys the Gamma mirror distribution, and correspondingly, the mirror abscissa (i.e. the mirror value of the tensile adhesion strength) of the 10 second to be measured data points is determined based on the Gamma distribution function, and the mirror processing is performed to obtain the abscissa of the second to be measured data points. Illustratively, according to the maximum tensile adhesion strength value of the ice layer and the Gamma function, the tensile adhesion strength values of the 10 second to be measured data points are calculated, the symmetry axis perpendicular to the horizontal axis is set at the origin and the midpoint of the abscissa of the maximum tensile adhesion strength of the ice layer, and then the symmetry axis of the Gamma distribution is mirror processed to obtain the tensile adhesion strength value of each second to be measured data point, that is, to determine the abscissa of each second to be measured data point, see Figure 10 . Each tensile adhesion strength value is set as the basic value of the coupling load of the corresponding second to be measured data point (correspondingly, the normal force of each second to be measured data point can be determined), and then the shear tension is gradually increased from 0 N until the static ice and the to be measured substrate interface separates, the corresponding shear tensile force peak value is obtained, repeated multiple times, and the average value is calculated to obtain the shear adhesion strength value of each second to be measured data point, that is, the ordinate of the to be measured data point. From Figure 10 it can be seen that each second to be measured data point is concentrated in the middle and rear area of the to be measured adhesion strength envelope.

[0125] Generally, data fitting is performed based on the above formula (3), however, the above method actually assumes that the ice and to be measured flat plate interface adhesion strength envelope obeys a no inflection point distribution model, but in fact, the current ice layer interface adhesion strength envelope has not yet been determined the envelope shape or function form, and there is no corresponding report, in addition, the currently known envelope distribution model includes a variety of inflection point distribution models in addition to the no inflection point distribution model: that is, the inflection point appears in different regions of the distribution model, therefore, if the difference between the ice layer and other materials is not considered, only the above single distribution model is used for data fitting, the strength envelope obtained may not be suitable for the measurement of the static ice layer and the substrate material interface adhesion strength envelope.

[0126] Based on this, in the present embodiment, in the case that the type of the ice layer and the substrate material interface adhesion strength envelope is unknown, and at the same time, considering the difference between the ice layer and the existing other materials, a group of data points is first obtained through experiments, and the type of the ice layer and the substrate material interface adhesion strength envelope is preliminarily judged based on the group of data points, however, the next experimental plan is decided based on the judgment result, for example, if the envelope has an inflection point, based on the known multiple envelope characteristics, a corresponding shear-tension load loading experimental design scheme is designed. That is, in the present embodiment, the envelope characteristic type of the static ice layer and the to be measured substrate interface adhesion strength envelope is preliminarily judged by designing the first experiment, if there is an inflection point, a second group of data points is set to perform the experiment for measurement.

[0127] The following will be described in detail with examples:

[0128] 1) After the static ice and the interface of the to-be-tested substrate material are prepared, the uniaxial shear adhesion strength and the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength are obtained: shear adhesion strength: 0.448 MPa tensile adhesion strength: 0.911 MPa;

[0129] 2) Eight first to-be-tested data points with uniform distribution of abscissa are set, and shear adhesion strength data under tensile-shear coupling loading conditions are obtained, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below. Figure 11A ;

[0130] Table 1 Shear adhesion strength under tensile-shear coupling loading conditions

[0131]

[0132] 3) Data fitting is performed based on the above formula (3), as shown in Table 3 below. Figure 11B , and the following is obtained:

[0133] The corresponding goodness of fit is 0.96.

[0134] 4) Data fitting is performed based on the above formula (7), as shown in Table 4 below. Figure 11C , and the following is obtained:

[0135] The corresponding goodness of fit is 0.88.

[0136] 5) Comparing the two fitting results, it is predicted that the envelope characteristics of the to-be-tested adhesion strength envelope are no inflection points, so data fitting is performed using the above formula (1), that is, the fitting function obtained in 3) is used to represent the adhesion strength envelope of the static ice and the to-be-tested substrate.

[0137] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the above specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and these are all within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the envelope of adhesion strength at the interface between static ice and a substrate, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Preparation of the interface between static ice and the substrate to be tested; The uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the interface between static ice and the substrate under test were obtained respectively. N first test data points with uniformly distributed abscissas are preset, and the abscissa of each first test data point is determined in conjunction with the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength. The x-coordinate value in the coordinate system; For each of the first test data points, the average peak value of the tangential tensile force under the coupled tangential load state based on the tensile load corresponding to the horizontal coordinate value is obtained, and the shear adhesion strength value of the first test data point is calculated based on the average peak value of the tangential tensile force, thus obtaining the vertical coordinate value of each of the first test data points; wherein, the step of calculating the shear adhesion strength value of the first test data point specifically includes: taking each tensile adhesion strength value as the basic setting value for coupling loading of the corresponding first test data point, then gradually increasing the shear tensile force from 0N until the static ice separates from the interface of the test substrate, obtaining the corresponding peak value of shear tensile force, repeating multiple times, and calculating the average value to obtain the shear adhesion strength value of each first test data point; Based on the preset inflection point-free distribution model and the preset first inflection point distribution model, the first data fitting is performed on N first test data points to obtain the goodness of fit, and the two goodness of fits are compared. If the goodness of fit of the distribution model without inflection point is greater than the goodness of fit of the distribution model with inflection point, the envelope feature type of the adhesion strength envelope between the static ice and the substrate to be tested is determined to be without inflection point, and the curve after data fitting using the distribution model without inflection point is taken as the adhesion strength envelope to be tested. If the goodness of fit of the distribution model without inflection points is less than the goodness of fit of the distribution model with inflection points, the envelope feature type of the adhesion strength envelope to be tested is determined to have an inflection point. N second test data points are then preset, and a corresponding second inflection point distribution model and the distribution density function of the abscissa of the N second test data points are matched according to the envelope feature type. The abscissa and ordinate values ​​of the N second test data points are obtained experimentally under shear-tension coupling conditions. The envelope feature type includes: the existence of a significant inflection point, with the inflection point distributed in the middle of the envelope; or, the existence of a significant inflection point, with the inflection point distributed in the front-middle part of the envelope; or, the existence of a significant inflection point, with the inflection point distributed in the rear-middle part of the envelope. The second inflection point distribution model is one of the three preset basic inflection point distribution models that has the same inflection point distribution area as the adhesion strength envelope to be tested. The second inflection point distribution model is used to fit the obtained 2N data points and uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and uniaxial shear adhesion strength to obtain the envelope of the adhesion strength between the static ice and the substrate to be tested.

2. The method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope of the static ice-substrate interface according to claim 1, characterized in that, N first test data points with uniformly distributed x-axis are preset, and the x-axis is determined by combining uniaxial tensile adhesion strength to determine the x-axis of each first test data point. The steps for determining the x-coordinate in a coordinate system include: Divide the maximum tensile adhesion strength value by N to obtain the tolerance, and increase it step by step from 0 to form an arithmetic sequence. Use this sequence as the test point value for the tensile adhesion strength of the ice layer, thereby obtaining the x-coordinate value of each first test data point.

3. The method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope of the static ice-substrate interface according to claim 2, characterized in that, The steps for experimentally obtaining the abscissa values ​​of N second test data points under shear-tension coupling conditions specifically include: If the envelope feature type has a significant inflection point, and the inflection point is located in the middle of the envelope, the distribution density function of the abscissa of the N second test data points is a normal distribution function. Based on the normal distribution function, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is divided into N levels to obtain the abscissa values ​​of the N second test data points. If the envelope feature has a significant inflection point, and the inflection point occurs in the middle and front part of the envelope, the distribution density function of the abscissa of the N second test data points is a Gamma distribution. Based on the Gamma distribution function, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is divided into N levels to obtain the abscissa values ​​of the N second test data points. If the envelope feature has a significant inflection point, and the inflection point occurs in the middle and rear part of the envelope, the distribution density function of the abscissa of the N second test data points is a Gamma mirror distribution. Based on the Gamma distribution function, the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength is divided into N levels to obtain the mirror abscissa of the N second test data points. Then, the mirror values ​​of the tensile adhesion strength of the N second test data points are mirrored with a preset axis of symmetry to obtain the abscissa values ​​of the N second test data points.

4. The method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope of static ice-substrate interface according to claim 3, characterized in that, N is 10.

5. A method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope of the static ice-substrate interface according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the interface between static ice and the substrate to be tested specifically include: Normal and tangential tensile forces were applied to the static ice until the interface between the static ice and the substrate under test was separated, and the peak values ​​of the normal tensile force and the tangential tensile force were obtained respectively. The process was repeated several times to obtain several peak values ​​of normal tensile force and several peak values ​​of tangential tensile force. The average value of the peak value of normal tensile force and the average value of the peak value of tangential tensile force were calculated to obtain the uniaxial tensile adhesion strength and uniaxial shear adhesion strength of the interface between the static ice and the substrate to be tested.

6. A method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope of the static ice-substrate interface according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The inflection-point-free distribution model is: ,in, Uniaxial shear adhesion strength, Uniaxial tensile adhesion strength, For interfacial shear stress, For interfacial tensile stress, parameters , Determine the parameters to be fitted.

7. A method for measuring the adhesion strength envelope between static ice and the substrate under test according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The fitting formula for the distribution model at the first inflection point is: ； If the envelope feature has a significant inflection point, and the inflection point is located in the middle of the envelope, the corresponding second inflection point distribution model is: ； Alternatively, if the envelope feature has a significant inflection point, and the inflection point occurs in the middle to front part of the envelope, the corresponding second inflection point distribution model is: ; Alternatively, if the envelope feature has a significant inflection point, and the inflection point occurs in the middle to rear part of the envelope, the corresponding second inflection point distribution model is: ; in, For interfacial shear stress, For interfacial tensile stress, These are the fitting parameters to be solved.

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