Ballast type pre-installed photovoltaic panel support for photovoltaic power generation in idle period of cultivated land

Abstract

The invention provides a method for carrying out photovoltaic power generation in the idle period of cultivated land, belongs to the technical field of agriculture and light complementation, and mainly aims to solve the land use problem of photovoltaic power generation and the idle problem of northern cultivated land after autumn harvest and before spring ploughing. According to the technology, a traditional pile foundation and photovoltaic support technology is replaced with a cultivated land soil ballast photovoltaic support. After the technology is implemented, firstly, the photovoltaic bracket and the photovoltaic panel can be quickly mounted and dismounted, and no structure influencing farming is left after the second photovoltaic module system is dismounted. The invention simultaneously provides two combined supports for replacing the pile foundation and the photovoltaic support and pre-installing the cultivated land soil ballast of the photovoltaic panel. The support can replace a traditional pile foundation and a photovoltaic support. The support and the photovoltaic panel are installed at the same time, and the 1MW installation period of each team can be shortened from 18 days to 4 days. After the method is implemented, large-scale photovoltaic power generation engineering can be carried out on northern cultivated land. Therefore, a large amount of clean energy can be provided for winter heating and other power application in the north.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of agricultural-photovoltaic complementary technology, and specifically relates to a method for generating electricity by constructing a photovoltaic power station using the idle period of cultivated land between autumn harvest and spring plowing, and two pre-installed photovoltaic panel brackets. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation, as a clean energy generation solution, has received strong national support due to its abundant resources, clean and environmentally friendly nature, and sustainable utilization. Most areas in Northeast China receive 1200-1600 hours of sunshine (comparable to the national average). Central and western Liaoning, western Jilin, and eastern Inner Mongolia (such as Tongliao and Chifeng) enjoy relatively high sunshine hours (1400-1600 hours). Western Jilin, the Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang, eastern Inner Mongolia, and central and western Liaoning all have large amounts of arable land, which remains idle for seven months from October to May. While northern China offers excellent sunshine resources for photovoltaic power generation, its mountainous regions are rich in forestry resources. Beyond forested areas and arable land, suitable land for photovoltaic power generation is limited. Compared to other regions, the scale of photovoltaic power station construction in Northeast China is limited by natural conditions. This is primarily due to a shortage of photovoltaic land plots that meet both land use policies and photovoltaic power generation requirements. This significantly impacts photovoltaic development in the north. This invention addresses both the land availability issues for photovoltaic power generation and the winter idleness of arable land in the north. Figure 1 This is a map of the current status of cultivated land in the north. Since most people in the north use coal for heating in winter, this will result in a large amount of non-renewable fuel consumption.

[0003] Photovoltaic power stations currently generally use pile foundations and concrete pier foundations as the support foundation model of photovoltaic power stations. This method is suitable for the construction of permanent photovoltaic power stations and is not suitable for use on cultivated land.

[0004] Photovoltaic power station supports are mostly single-column, double-column, or frame-type. Currently, photovoltaic panel installation is largely done manually, which is inefficient. The foundation and support structure of the photovoltaic power station cannot meet the requirements of rapid installation and removal.

[0005] The general construction sequence for a photovoltaic power station is: ① Place the pile foundation points according to the design. ② Pile foundation construction. ③ Install the photovoltaic racks. ④ Install the photovoltaic panels. ⑤ Install the photovoltaic strings and other supporting projects. The pile foundation is a fixed structure.

[0006] Based on the above situation, it is necessary to provide a method for photovoltaic power generation by utilizing the idle period of cultivated land from autumn harvest to spring plowing to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Photovoltaic power generation is carried out by utilizing the idle period of cultivated land in the north. The problem affecting the implementation of photovoltaic power generation is the lack of land available for photovoltaic power stations. The cultivated land in the north enters the idle period after the autumn harvest. Figure 1 The present invention applies to utilize the northern land to construct a photovoltaic power station to implement power generation projects during the idle period between the autumn harvest and the next spring plowing. Figure 2 Its characteristics include utilizing idle farmland in northern China for photovoltaic power generation. The photovoltaic power station is installed after the autumn harvest and put into operation, and then dismantled and recycled before spring plowing. This allows for photovoltaic power generation during idle land periods, creating greater economic and social benefits.

[0008] Photovoltaic panels for photovoltaic power generation are generally fixed on photovoltaic supports. In order to resist wind loads, photovoltaic supports are equipped with foundation piers that can resist wind loads, such as Figure 3 . The foundation is generally a pile foundation and a concrete pier foundation. Both foundations are fixed structures and are not suitable for use during the idle period of cultivated land. In addition, the construction period is long and the demolition cost is high. It is not suitable for rapid installation and demolition. In order to achieve the purpose of photovoltaic power generation during the idle period of cultivated land, this application provides two cultivated land soil ballasted prefabricated photovoltaic brackets. The first photovoltaic prefabricated bracket adopts an inverted cone structure and uses cultivated land soil for ballasting. The ballasting is used to resist wind loads. As Figure 4 , Figure 5 This structure can realize the rapid installation and recovery of photovoltaic brackets and is convenient for storage. Figure 6 . Prefabricated photovoltaic brackets replace concrete foundations, pile foundations, and bracket installation, which can realize the construction of automated installation of photovoltaic panels. Prefabricated photovoltaic brackets can be made of lightweight materials such as fiberglass and high-strength clinker. The soil ballast plate, bracket, and photovoltaic fixed bracket are prefabricated in one piece. Its characteristics are: the ballast of cultivated land is used to replace the pile foundation or concrete pier foundation, and a prefabricated or semi-prefabricated structure and an inverted cone structure are used. Nuts are embedded in the connector position for quick installation. The preforming technology of lightweight and high-strength materials is used, which is light and easy to install and disassemble. Modular prefabrication and stable external dimensions facilitate mechanical automation installation. The use of inverted cone ballast soil to replace concrete foundations and steel brackets can reduce construction period and reduce construction costs.

[0009] The second type of photovoltaic prefabricated bracket adopts a positive wedge structure, such as Figure 8 The structure and function are equivalent to the first structure. Compared with the first structure, the second structure takes up less space after disassembly and is more convenient to carry and store. Figure 9 Materials can be lightweight, high-strength materials such as fiberglass and plastic. Features include a separately molded baseplate for soil ballast, a simple bracket structure connecting the baseplate and the photovoltaic panel mounting bracket, and pre-embedded nuts at the connection points for easy construction. The core concept is that the pre-installed photovoltaic bracket can achieve soil ballast, replacing a concrete foundation.

[0010] To solve the problem that traditional photovoltaic power station construction and installation are not suitable for installing photovoltaic power generation during idle farmland, the photovoltaic power station component installation implementation technology method applied in the present invention is as follows: ① Use automated machinery to groove, level and compact the cultivated land after autumn harvest ② Streamline assembly of prefabricated photovoltaic brackets, installation of photovoltaic panels, and fixing of photovoltaic panels ③ Use automated machinery to plant prefabricated photovoltaic brackets that have already fixed photovoltaic panels ④ Use automated machinery to backfill and ballast the prefabricated photovoltaic brackets that have already fixed the photovoltaic panels.

[0011] The present invention is characterized in that: the photovoltaic power station construction does not require the installation of a solid foundation pier, but uses farmland soil to ballast the photovoltaic brackets, and the brackets for pre-installed photovoltaic panels can be arranged as a whole at the planned site. The pre-installed photovoltaic panel brackets can be implemented in a streamlined manner.

[0012] After the construction method of the present invention is implemented, photovoltaic power generation projects can be realized during the idle period of cultivated land, thereby improving the commercial value of the idle period of cultivated land. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a map of the current status of idle cultivated land.

[0014] Figure 2 Conceptual image of installing photovoltaic power generation on idle farmland.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the concrete pile foundation at the photovoltaic construction site.

[0016] Figure 4 The photovoltaic bracket is prefabricated in the form of an inverted cone structure. Serial number 1 is the embedded nut of the photovoltaic bracket, serial number 3 is the light panel fixing frame, serial number 4 is the rear bracket of the bracket, serial number 5 is the conical vertical plate of the bracket bottom plate, and serial number 6 is the bracket bottom plate.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a prefabricated photovoltaic support under the state of ballast of cultivated land soil. In the figure, number 7 is the ballast of cultivated land soil.

[0018] Figure 6 It is a storage and placement form for prefabricated photovoltaic brackets in the form of an inverted cone structure.

[0019] Figure 7 Prefabricated photovoltaic bracket with inverted cone structure for installing photovoltaic panel fixing frame reinforcement. Figure 7 Serial number 2 is the reinforcement bracket.

[0020] Figure 8This is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket with a positive wedge-shaped structure. Serial number 1 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket base plate, serial number 2 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket rear bracket, serial number 3 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket front bracket, serial number 4 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket front bracket fixing bolts, serial number 5 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic bracket fixing bracket, serial number 6 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic bracket fixing bolts, and serial number 7 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic bracket photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Figure 9 It is a storage form of photovoltaic support for pre-installed photovoltaic panels with a positive wedge-shaped structure.

[0022] Figure 10 Prefabricated photovoltaic brackets in the form of inverted cone structures for installing photovoltaic panels. Figure 10 Serial number 4 is the photovoltaic panel.

[0023] Figure 11 A method for fixing photovoltaic panels on prefabricated photovoltaic brackets in an inverted frustum structure. Figure 11 Serial number 5 is the manipulator for tightening bolts.

[0024] Figure 12 It is a grooved form of cultivated land. Figure 12 Serial number 1 indicates the soil placed after the arable land is grooved, serial number 2 indicates the groove style, and serial number 3 indicates the arable land.

[0025] Figure 13 The pre-installation method and hoisting placement method of the prefabricated photovoltaic bracket in the inverted cone structure after grooving the cultivated land. Figure 13 Number 1 is the parts supply area for the PV module pre-installation vehicle, number 2 is the pre-installation area, number 3 is the transportation area, and number 4 is the hoisting and placement area. Number 5 shows the modules in place.

[0026] Figure 14 The ballast soil position diagram after the components are in place. Figure 14 Serial number 2 is the ballast soil, and serial number 1 is the component after being put into place.

[0027] Figure 15 It is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel photovoltaic support base plate with a positive wedge structure.

[0028] Figure 16 It is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel photovoltaic bracket with a positive wedge structure. Serial number 2 is the rear bracket and serial number 3 is the front bracket.

[0029] Figure 17 This is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket with a positive wedge structure, with bracket fixing bolts numbered 4.

[0030] Figure 18 It is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel photovoltaic bracket with a positive wedge-shaped structure, and serial number 5 is the photovoltaic panel fixing frame.

[0031] Figure 19 This is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket with a positive wedge structure, and serial number 6 is the photovoltaic panel fixing bolt.

[0032] ] Figure 20 It is a pre-installed photovoltaic panel photovoltaic bracket with a positive wedge structure. Serial number 7 is the photovoltaic panel, serial number 8 is the photovoltaic panel fixing frame fastening bolt, and serial number 9 is the photovoltaic panel fixing bolt.

[0033] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-installation, transportation, hoisting and placement of pre-installed photovoltaic panels and photovoltaic brackets with a positive wedge structure.

[0034] Figure 22 Equipment for removing ballast soil from photovoltaic supports, such as Figure 22 Serial number 1 is the soil conveying belt, and serial number 2 is the soil scoop.

[0035] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the method for removing ballast soil from photovoltaic supports. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Based on the climate characteristics of the planned PV power station installation area, determine the maximum monsoon wind speed and calculate the wind load on the PV panels at the designed installation angle. Calculate the required soil weight based on the wind load and the burying depth of the PV mounting base based on the soil weight. Determine the height of the PV mounting base based on the burying depth. Based on the height, design the mounting base dimensions, base plate, and mounting height. Quantify the PV mounting base based on the scale of the power station.

[0037] The photovoltaic bracket has different shapes and the pre-installation process of photovoltaic panels is determined. Figure 7 Install the photovoltaic panel fixing frame reinforcement in the same way, number 2 in the figure. Figure 10 Install photovoltaic panels. Figure 11 Fix the photovoltaic panel screws.

[0038] The farmland designed for photovoltaic installation is dug according to the designed buried depth, such as Figure 12 ,according to Figure 13 The photovoltaic bracket and photovoltaic panels are pre-installed in Figure 13 The process is as follows: Step 2. Step 3 is the transport of the mounted photovoltaic panel brackets on a conveyor belt. After being transported to the designated location, they are lifted by a manipulator and placed in the designed position. Step 1 is the material supply section of the photovoltaic joint installation vehicle.

[0039] After the pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket is placed at the designed location, the soil of the cultivated land is backfilled mechanically for ballast. Figure 14 , Figure 14 Sequence number 2 is ballast soil.

[0040] Another structural form of pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket is a detachable structure, such as Figure 8 The installation sequence of the pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket of this structure is as follows: Step 1: Install the bottom plate of the pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket as follows: Figure 15 The serial number 1 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel support base plate. Step 2: Install the photovoltaic panel support on the pre-installed photovoltaic panel support base plate. Figure 16 In the figure, numbers 2 and 3 are the rear bracket and the front bracket. Figure 17 The number 4 in the middle is the bolt for fixing the bracket. The nut is pre-buried, which makes it easier and quicker to fix the bolt. Step 3: Fix the photovoltaic panel fixing frame on the bracket. Figure 18 Serial number 5 is the photovoltaic panel fixing frame. Figure 19 The serial number 6 is the frame fixing bolt. Step 4: Install the photovoltaic panel on the photovoltaic panel fixing frame, such as Figure 20 Serial number 7 is the photovoltaic panel, and 9 is the photovoltaic panel fixing bolt. Figure 21 Install it in flow mode at position 2 in the sequence. Figure 21 The serial number 4 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket hoisted by the manipulator, and the serial number 5 is the pre-installed photovoltaic panel bracket that has been in place. Figure 14 After the pre-installed PV panel brackets are in place, string connection can be performed. The subsequent installation process is the same as that of a PV power station.

[0041] The ballast soil is removed by using a front shovel rotation combined with belt conveyor excavation method.

[0042] The method of removing ballast soil is as follows Figure 23 .

[0043] The above is only one embodiment of the present invention, not all or the only embodiment. Any equivalent changes made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field after reading the specification of the present invention are covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Utilize the idle period between autumn harvest and spring plowing in northern China to implement photovoltaic power generation. The scheme adopts modular pre-installation construction method. The system will be installed and operated during the period between autumn harvest and spring plowing in northern China, without affecting land cultivation. After demolition, no permanent structures will be left on the farmland that would affect its use. Modular pre-installation and quick dismantling make it easy to construct and store.

2. According to claim 1, a soil-ballasted pre-installed photovoltaic bracket is provided to achieve modular pre-installation and dismantling. The characteristics are: Using cultivated soil as ballast instead of pile or concrete pier foundations, the prefabricated or semi-prefabricated structure features an inverted cone for quick installation. Fiberglass or other high-strength, lightweight materials, pre-molding technology, and lightweight construction facilitate installation and disassembly. Prefabrication through molds ensures stable dimensions and embedded nuts at fastening locations, facilitating automated mechanical installation.

3. According to claim 1, a second soil-ballasted pre-installed photovoltaic support is provided to achieve modular pre-installation and dismantling. It is characterized by: This system uses arable soil ballast instead of pile or concrete pier foundations. Its wedge-shaped structure utilizes pre-installation and arable soil burial technology. Utilizing fiberglass or other high-strength, lightweight materials and pre-molding technology, it is lightweight and easy to install and disassemble. It can be prefabricated using molds, resulting in stable dimensions and embedded nuts at the fastening points, facilitating automated mechanical installation.

4. The photovoltaic construction method for arranging photovoltaic power generation by utilizing the idle period of cultivated land in northern winter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Use machinery to groove, level, and compact the land after the autumn harvest. Use manual or automated machinery to streamline the assembly of prefabricated photovoltaic racks, install photovoltaic panels, and secure them. Use manual or automated machinery to plant the prefabricated photovoltaic racks with photovoltaic panels already secured. Use automated machinery to backfill and ballast the prefabricated photovoltaic racks with photovoltaic panels already secured. The characteristics are: using cultivated land soil as counterweight, prefabricated integrated brackets, and photovoltaic panels installed on the brackets in advance.

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