Small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection
Through a monitoring device based on grating detection, using multi-beam collaborative detection and dynamic threshold algorithm, the problems of low efficiency and high false alarm rate of small animal detection in existing technologies are solved, and full-time, full-coverage and accurate positioning monitoring of small animal activities under the computer room floor is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510709961.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
AI Technical Summary
Existing small animal detection methods mainly rely on manual inspections, camera monitoring and traditional infrared sensors, which have problems such as low efficiency, poor environmental adaptability and high false alarm rate, making it difficult to achieve full-time and full-coverage monitoring of small animal activities under the computer room floor.
A monitoring device based on grating detection is used, including a grating module, a signal processing module, a multi-sensor module and an alarm module. By generating a multi-column parallel light beam network, dynamically setting the threshold, and combining multi-beam collaborative detection and dynamic threshold algorithm, real-time monitoring and accurate positioning of small animal activities can be achieved.
It realizes full-time automatic monitoring of small animal activities under the floor of the computer room, reduces labor costs, improves the real-time and accuracy of detection, can work stably under various environmental conditions, reduce false alarm rates, and accurately locate the activity location and path.
Smart Images
Figure CN120604978A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of computer room safety monitoring, in particular to a small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection. Background Art
[0002] Currently, the detection of small animals mainly relies on manual inspections, camera monitoring, and traditional infrared sensor monitoring, but these methods all have their shortcomings: 1. Manual inspections have efficiency and real-time limitations Manual inspections rely on periodic visual inspections or simple tools (such as flashlights), which cannot cover full-time monitoring of hidden areas under the floor of the equipment room. It is difficult to conduct thorough inspections in narrow areas and areas with dense cables, and the labor cost is high.
[0003] 2. Environmental adaptability defects of camera monitoring Visible light cameras rely on ambient lighting, while infrared cameras use active infrared fill light to generate images. However, both are limited by the characteristics of optical sensors. Visible light cameras often fail in low or no light conditions. While infrared cameras support night vision, infrared reflections in the confined space under the floor can easily produce light spots and noise.
[0004] Dust accumulation under the floor of the computer room will cause lens blur, and the infrared fill light will be scattered by dust to form a "white fog" effect, reducing the image signal-to-noise ratio.
[0005] 3. False alarm defects of traditional infrared sensors A single pair of infrared transmitters and receivers detects intrusions based on beam obstruction, but lacks signal analysis and environmental adaptability. When ambient light changes cause the received signal to fluctuate, a fixed trigger threshold is prone to false alarms. It is unable to distinguish between small animal movement (dynamic intermittent obstruction) and dropped cables (static continuous obstruction), dust interference, etc., and single-beam detection cannot locate the location of activity, making it difficult to determine the path or direction of intrusion. To address these issues, the present invention proposes a dynamic threshold algorithm and a multi-beam collaborative detection mechanism, utilizing grating technology to construct a small animal monitoring device and detection method with excellent real-time performance and strong anti-interference capabilities. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing detection methods are mainly limited to passive means, and lack active monitoring means for the activity frequency and signs of small animals.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection, including a grating module, a signal processing module, a multi-sensor module and an alarm module; Grating module, used to generate a multi-column parallel beam network to detect occlusion events; The signal processing module is used to receive the signal from the grating module and filter out high-frequency noise, dynamically set the working threshold of the grating module, compare the working threshold with the processed signal and determine the event; Multi-sensor module, secondary verification of small animal activity events; Alarm module, used for local sound and light alarm and remote network notification.
[0008] Preferably, the grating module is installed in an area where small animals must enter. The grating module includes an infrared emitting array and an infrared receiving array arranged opposite each other. The infrared emitting array is used to emit multiple rows of infrared light beams. The infrared receiving array is mainly composed of a photoresistor array, which is used to receive the infrared light beams from the infrared emitting array and input the received light intensity as an electrical signal.
[0009] Preferably, the interval between single-row light beams in the infrared emission array is less than 5 mm.
[0010] Preferably, the signal processing module includes a filtering circuit and a microcontroller. The filtering circuit adopts an RC low-pass filtering circuit, which is connected between the output end of the infrared receiving array and the input pin of the microcontroller to filter out high-frequency noise. The microcontroller is used for overall control of the device and software filtering.
[0011] Preferably, the multi-sensing module includes a multi-sensing unit, and the multi-sensing unit includes a thermal imaging camera, which is used to assist the grating module, assist in verifying biometrics, and reduce the false alarm rate.
[0012] Preferably, the alarm module includes an alarm unit, the alarm unit includes a remote communication module and an alarm unit, the alarm unit is connected to a local sound and light alarm, and the remote communication module is used to remotely transmit the alarm signal to the operation and maintenance platform.
[0013] A method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection, using the monitoring device, includes the following steps: Step 1: Signal baseline calibration: When the grating module is started, the microcontroller collects the light intensity of all grating channels in the unobstructed state and calculates the average value as the initial baseline value; Step 2: Real-time threshold update, calculate the dynamic threshold T based on the current light intensity and baseline value; Step 3: Determine whether the animal has entered or left the machine room based on the current light intensity, the duration of the occlusion, the number of light beams blocked during the occlusion period, and the relative position of the blocked light beams to the machine room. Step 4: Multi-sensor verification: When the valid time occurs, the grating area is detected and photographed based on infrared thermal imaging, uploaded to the server, and manually reviewed for the appearance characteristics of the thermometer; Step 5: Based on the above steps 1 to 4, the alarm module simultaneously performs local sound and light alarms and online notification alarms.
[0014] Preferably, in step 1, the calculation formula of the initial baseline value is: B0= ; in , is the light intensity received by the ith channel of the infrared receiving array; Every time T, recalculate the current baseline value B t , smoothing the changes in ambient light, B t = B t-1 × (1-β) + ×β; Where β is the attenuation coefficient, which is 0.1. 0<β<1, the larger β is, the faster the baseline value changes when the external brightness changes.
[0015] Preferably, in step 2, the calculation formula of the dynamic threshold T is: T=B t × (1-α) + ×α; Where α is the sensitivity coefficient, which is 0.1, 0<α<1; The larger α is, the faster the threshold responds to instantaneous changes, which is used for fast-moving objects; The smaller α is, the stronger the ability to resist sudden interference is.
[0016] Preferably, in step 2, the determination conditions include: Condition 1: If the current light intensity is less than the dynamic threshold T, it is determined to be a potential occlusion; Condition 2: The occlusion duration is no less than 50ms, eliminating interference from flying insects and dust; Condition 3: If two adjacent beams of the grating are blocked within the blocking duration, it is considered a valid event. Condition 4: If the light beam near the outside of the machine room is blocked first, it is determined as the time when the small animal enters. If the light beam near the inside of the machine room is blocked first, it is determined as the event when the small animal leaves.
[0017] The present invention provides a small animal activity monitoring device and method based on grating detection, which has the following beneficial effects.
[0018] 1. The grating-based monitoring device eliminates the need for manual access to hidden areas under the computer room floor, enabling full-time automatic monitoring. This avoids the difficulty of inspecting in narrow areas and densely packed cabling areas. Automatic detection and alarming significantly reduce the frequency of manual inspections, lowering labor costs and significantly improving the real-time nature and coverage of monitoring.
[0019] 2. Eliminating detection methods that rely on optical imaging, the light barrier module is unaffected by lighting conditions and operates reliably in dark and low-light environments, even under dusty machine room floors. Multi-beam collaborative detection eliminates image recognition, completely avoiding issues such as lens blur, light spot noise, and the "white fog" effect, ensuring detection accuracy.
[0020] 3. A dynamic threshold algorithm adjusts the operating threshold in real time based on ambient light fluctuations, preventing false alarms caused by ambient light fluctuations. Multi-beam collaborative detection, combined with occlusion event determination criteria, accurately distinguishes between small animal movement, dropped cables, dust interference, and other conditions. By analyzing the number, sequence, and relative position of blocked beams, the system can locate the animal's activity and determine the path or direction of intrusion, significantly improving detection reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 Flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] In the figure: 1. Infrared transmitting array; 2. Infrared receiving array; 3. Microcontroller; 4. Alarm unit; 5. Multi-sensor unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection, including a grating module, a signal processing module, a multi-sensor module and an alarm module; Grating module, used to generate a multi-column parallel beam network to detect occlusion events; The signal processing module is used to receive the signal from the grating module and filter out high-frequency noise, dynamically set the working threshold of the grating module, compare the working threshold with the processed signal and determine the event; Multi-sensor module, secondary verification of small animal activity events; Alarm module, used for local sound and light alarm and remote network notification.
[0026] Deployment of light barrier modules: Two sets of light barrier modules were installed at areas where small animals must enter the computer room, such as cable entrances and floor cracks. The light barrier modules consist of an infrared transmitter array (1) and an infrared receiver array (2) arranged opposite each other. The infrared transmitter array contains 20 infrared transmitters with a 3mm pitch, emitting infrared beams at a fixed frequency. The infrared receiver array uses a photoresistor array to convert the intensity of the received infrared beams into an electrical signal output, which is then connected to the signal processing module.
[0027] Signal Processing Module Implementation: The signal processing module's filter circuit uses an RC low-pass filter with a 1 kΩ resistor and a 0.1 μF capacitor. This filter circuit is connected between infrared receiver array 2 and the input pins of microcontroller 3 (an STM32F103 series microcontroller). It performs hardware filtering on the input signal to remove high-frequency noise. Microcontroller 3 implements software filtering through a program. Based on signal baseline calibration and a dynamic threshold update algorithm, it adjusts the operating threshold of the grating module in real time.
[0028] The specific process is as follows: when the device is started, the microcontroller collects the light intensity of all grating channels in the unobstructed state, and calculates the light intensity according to the formula B0= (N is the total number of channels, here N=20) Calculate the initial baseline value; every 10 seconds, according to the formula B t = B t-1 × (1-β) + ×β, (β is 0.1) recalculate the current baseline value B t ; The dynamic threshold T is based on the formula T=B t × (1-α) + ×α; (α is set to 0.1) to calculate to adapt to changes in ambient light.
[0029] The multi-sensor module uses a thermal imaging camera (Flir Lepton 3.5) as the multi-sensor unit 5, mounted above the light barrier module, ensuring its monitoring range covers the light barrier area. When the signal processing module identifies a valid event, the thermal imaging camera immediately detects and photographs the light barrier area. The captured thermal image is then uploaded to the server via a wired network. Operations and maintenance personnel conduct a secondary review to verify whether it is animal activity, helping to reduce false alarms.
[0030] The local sound and light alarm of alarm unit 4 uses a combination of a red flashing warning light and a buzzer and is installed in a conspicuous position in the computer room; the remote communication module uses a 4G communication module (model SIM7600CE), which encapsulates the alarm signal (including event type, occurrence time, location information, etc.) in JSON format and sends it to the operation and maintenance platform via the 4G network. Operation and maintenance personnel can receive real-time alarm notifications through mobile phone APP or computer terminals and take timely processing measures.
[0031] A method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection, using the monitoring device, includes the following steps: Step 1: Signal baseline calibration: When the grating module is started, the microcontroller collects the light intensity of all grating channels in the unobstructed state and calculates the average value as the initial baseline value; Step 2: Real-time threshold update, calculate the dynamic threshold T based on the current light intensity and baseline value; Step 3: Determine whether the animal has entered or left the machine room based on the current light intensity, the duration of the occlusion, the number of light beams blocked during the occlusion period, and the relative position of the blocked light beams to the machine room. Step 4: Multi-sensor verification: When the valid time occurs, the grating area is detected and photographed based on infrared thermal imaging, uploaded to the server, and manually reviewed for the appearance characteristics of the thermometer; Step 5: Based on the above steps 1 to 4, the alarm module simultaneously performs local sound and light alarms and online notification alarms.
[0032] In step 1, the calculation formula of the initial baseline value is: B0= ; in , is the light intensity received by the ith channel of infrared receiving array 2; Every time T, recalculate the current baseline value B t , smoothing the changes in ambient light, B t = B t-1 × (1-β) + ×β; Where β is the attenuation coefficient, which is 0.1. 0<β<1, the larger β is, the faster the baseline value changes when the external brightness changes.
[0033] In step 2, the calculation formula of the dynamic threshold T is: T=B t × (1-α) + ×α; Where α is the sensitivity coefficient, which is 0.1, 0<α<1; The larger α is, the faster the threshold responds to instantaneous changes, which is used for fast-moving objects; The smaller α is, the stronger the ability to resist sudden interference is.
[0034] In step 2, the determination conditions include: Condition 1: If the current light intensity is less than the dynamic threshold T, it is determined to be a potential occlusion; Condition 2: The occlusion duration is no less than 50ms, eliminating interference from flying insects and dust; Condition 3: If two adjacent beams of the grating are blocked within the blocking duration, it is considered a valid event. Condition 4: If the light beam near the outside of the machine room is blocked first, it is determined as the time when the small animal enters. If the light beam near the inside of the machine room is blocked first, it is determined as the event when the small animal leaves.
[0035] When a mouse enters the computer room from the cable entrance, its body blocks the multiple infrared beams of the grating module, and the electrical signal output by the infrared receiving array changes; after filtering and judgment by the signal processing module, it is confirmed that the event is a valid event of a small animal entering the computer room; the thermal imaging camera of the multi-sensor module is immediately triggered to take a photo and upload the picture. At the same time, the alarm module activates the local sound and light alarm, and remotely pushes the alarm information to the operation and maintenance platform, completing the entire process of monitoring and alarming small animal activities.
Claims
1. A small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection, characterized by: Including grating module, signal processing module, multi-sensor module and alarm module; Grating module, used to generate a multi-column parallel beam network to detect occlusion events; The signal processing module is used to receive the signal from the grating module and filter out high-frequency noise, dynamically set the working threshold of the grating module, compare the working threshold with the processed signal and determine the event; Multi-sensor module, secondary verification of small animal activity events; Alarm module, used for local sound and light alarm and remote network notification.
2. A small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The grating module is installed in an area where small animals must enter. The grating module includes an infrared emitting array (1) and an infrared receiving array (2) arranged opposite to each other. The infrared emitting array (1) is used to emit multiple lines of infrared light beams. The infrared receiving array (2) is mainly composed of a photoresistor array and is used to receive the infrared light beams from the infrared emitting array (1) and input the received light intensity as an electrical signal.
3. The small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spacing between the single-row light beams in the infrared emission array (1) is less than 5 mm.
4. The small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a filtering circuit and a microcontroller (3). The filtering circuit adopts an RC low-pass filtering circuit and is connected between the output end of the infrared receiving array (2) and the input pin of the microcontroller to filter out high-frequency noise. The microcontroller (3) is used for overall control of the device and software filtering.
5. The method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-sensing module comprises a multi-sensing unit (5), and the multi-sensing unit (5) comprises a thermal imaging camera, which is used to assist the grating module, assist in verifying biometrics, and reduce the false alarm rate.
6. The small animal activity monitoring device based on grating detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module comprises an alarm unit (4), which comprises a remote communication module and an alarm unit. The alarm unit is connected to a local sound and light alarm, and the remote communication module is used to remotely transmit the alarm signal to the operation and maintenance platform.
7. A method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Applying the monitoring device includes the following steps: Step 1: Signal baseline calibration: When the grating module is started, the microcontroller collects the light intensity of all grating channels in the unobstructed state and calculates the average value as the initial baseline value; Step 2: Real-time threshold update, calculate the dynamic threshold T based on the current light intensity and baseline value; Step 3: Determine whether the animal has entered or left the machine room based on the current light intensity, the duration of the occlusion, the number of light beams blocked during the occlusion period, and the relative position of the blocked light beams to the machine room. Step 4: Multi-sensor verification: When the valid time occurs, the grating area is detected and photographed based on infrared thermal imaging, uploaded to the server, and manually reviewed for the appearance characteristics of the thermometer; Step 5: Based on the above steps 1 to 4, the alarm module simultaneously performs local sound and light alarms and online notification alarms.
8. A method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step 1, the calculation formula of the initial baseline value is: B0= ； in , is the light intensity received by the ith channel of the infrared receiving array (2); Every time T, recalculate the current baseline value B t , smoothing the changes in ambient light, B t = B t-1 ×(1-β)+ ×b; Where β is the attenuation coefficient, which is 0.
1. 0<β<1, the larger β is, the faster the baseline value changes when the external brightness changes.
9. A method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the calculation formula of the dynamic threshold T is: T=B t ×(1-a)+ ×a; Where α is the sensitivity coefficient, which is 0.1, 0<α<1; The larger α is, the faster the threshold responds to instantaneous changes, which is used for fast-moving objects; The smaller α is, the stronger the ability to resist sudden interference is.
10. The method for monitoring small animal activities based on grating detection as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the determination conditions include: Condition 1: If the current light intensity is less than the dynamic threshold T, it is determined to be a potential occlusion; Condition 2: The occlusion duration is no less than 50ms, eliminating interference from flying insects and dust; Condition 3: If two adjacent beams of the grating are blocked within the blocking duration, it is considered a valid event. Condition 4: If the light beam near the outside of the machine room is blocked first, it is determined as an animal entering event; if the light beam near the inside of the machine room is blocked first, it is determined as an animal leaving event.