Quick-change type thin-wall inner cone automatic welding inner supporting tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick-change type thin-wall inner cone automatic welding inner supporting tool, and relates to the field of welding tool clamps. The problem that in the welding process of the thin-wall conical workpiece, the workpiece size precision, the welding quality and the production efficiency cannot be guaranteed is solved. A bottom tool support is installed on a position changing machine, and an axial supporting and expanding device is sleeved with a thin-wall inner cone. The lower expansion mechanism is installed on the bottom tool support, the middle supporting mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism are sequentially installed on the lower expansion mechanism from bottom to top, the lower expansion mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism conduct expansion on the thin-wall inner cone, the middle supporting mechanism is supported in the middle of the thin-wall inner cone, and the upper supporting mechanism is supported in the middle of the thin-wall inner cone. The top locking mechanism is pressed on the upper expansion mechanism; the pneumatic transmission device is installed in the bottom tool support and drives the axial supporting expansion device to expand outwards and contract in the radial direction in an air cylinder telescopic mode, and then expansion and supporting of the inner wall of the thin-wall inner cone are achieved. The method is used for automatically welding the inner support of the thin-wall inner cone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding fixtures, and in particular to a quick-change thin-wall inner cone automatic welding inner support fixture. Background Art

[0002] Aircraft engine components are characterized by lightness, high strength, and high precision. To ensure that they can serve stably in harsh environments with high temperature, high pressure, and vibration, load-bearing components are usually designed with complex thin-walled structures to reduce weight and achieve a higher thrust-to-weight ratio.

[0003] The inner cone, a representative thin-walled, variable-curvature, rotary welded assembly in aero-engine afterburners, is made of a high-temperature alloy. Its main surface presents a curved conical structure. The inner cone is divided into multiple segments axially from the mounting edge toward the rear. These segments are connected by manual argon arc welding, typically forming girth welds between the segments, ultimately forming a single piece. However, the following problems are prone to occur during the actual welding process:

[0004] 1. It is difficult to ensure that the support surface fits tightly to the workpiece surface by supporting and fixing the cone through external clamping. Due to its thin wall thickness, the rigidity is poor, and the workpiece is easily deformed during welding, which affects the dimensional accuracy.

[0005] 2. The cone circumferential seam is welded manually with argon arc welding, which has low welding efficiency. In addition, each preparation before welding requires reinstallation, positioning, and clamping, which seriously restricts the production cycle of the inner cone.

[0006] 3. The cone adopts single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding technology, and is welded from the front of the weldment groove. It is required that the front and back welds form dense and uniform welds at the same time. However, in the past, when welding the inner cone with shielding gas, the gas pipe was simply placed on the back, resulting in uneven gas dispersion, poor back protection, low weld pass rate, and energy waste.

[0007] Due to these issues, it is difficult to guarantee workpiece dimensional accuracy, welding quality, and production efficiency, which significantly increases the difficulty of manufacturing such components. Therefore, how to improve the dimensional accuracy, welding quality, and production efficiency of thin-walled inner cones is a major key technical challenge that needs to be overcome.

[0008] In summary, the existing thin-walled inner cone has the problem of being unable to ensure workpiece dimensional accuracy, welding quality and production efficiency during the welding process. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the existing thin-walled inner cone cannot guarantee the workpiece size accuracy, welding quality and production efficiency during the welding process, and thus provide a quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tooling.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0011] A quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding internal support tooling, including a bottom tooling bracket, an axial support expansion device and a pneumatic transmission device. The bottom tooling bracket is installed on a positioner, and the thin-walled inner cone is mounted on the axial support expansion device; the axial support expansion device includes a lower expansion mechanism, a middle support mechanism, an upper expansion mechanism and a top locking mechanism. The lower expansion mechanism is installed on the bottom tooling bracket, and the middle support mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism are installed on the lower expansion mechanism in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the lower expansion mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism expand the thin-walled inner cone, the middle support mechanism is supported in the middle of the thin-walled inner cone, and the top locking mechanism is pressed onto the upper expansion mechanism; the pneumatic transmission device is installed in the bottom tooling bracket, and drives the axial support expansion device to expand and contract in the radial direction by means of cylinder telescoping, thereby realizing the expansion and support of the inner wall of the thin-walled inner cone.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom tooling bracket includes chassis I, chassis II, a cylinder cover, a conical support ring, a cylinder switch, a zero point positioning pin, a lower chassis, multiple support columns and multiple lifting ears. Chassis II and chassis I are arranged coaxially up and down and connected as a whole through the cylinder cover. Multiple lifting ears are installed in the circumferential direction of chassis II, a conical support ring is coaxially installed on the upper part of chassis II, the zero point positioning pin is installed at the center of the bottom end surface of chassis I, multiple support columns are installed on the lower end surface of chassis I, and the cylinder switch is installed on the side of chassis I.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower expansion mechanism includes a lower chassis, a lower active expansion block, a lower driven expansion block, a lower pressure plate, a lower pressure rod, a lower active slide rail, a lower driven slide rail, an annular inner support sleeve, a guide shaft, a pull rod, a lower copper inlay, a pressure sensor and a gas concentration sensor; the lower chassis is installed on chassis II, the guide shaft is vertically and coaxially installed in the middle of the lower chassis, the annular inner support sleeve is sleeved on the guide shaft, the lower active slide rail and the lower driven slide rail are installed on the lower chassis, the lower active expansion block and the lower driven expansion block are slidably installed on the lower active slide rail and the lower driven slide rail On the movable slide rail, the lower active expansion block and the lower driven expansion block are combined to form a disc-shaped expansion disk with adjustable outer diameter. One end of the pull rod is hinged to the annular inner support sleeve, and the other end of the pull rod is hinged to the lower active expansion block and the lower driven expansion block. When the annular inner support sleeve is raised or lowered, the pull rod drives the lower active expansion block and the lower driven expansion block to move in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the outer diameter of the disc-shaped expansion disk; the lower copper inlay plate is embedded in the groove of the lower active expansion block and the lower driven expansion block, and the pressure sensor and gas concentration sensor are installed on the outer surface of the lower copper inlay plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the lower expansion mechanism further comprises a graphite copper sleeve, which is sleeved between the guide shaft and the annular inner support sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, the middle support mechanism includes a middle pressure plate, a middle chassis, a middle copper sleeve, a middle support plate, a support spring, an air inlet and a plurality of middle support columns; the lower ends of the plurality of middle support columns are connected to the upper end of the lower chassis, the upper ends of the plurality of middle support columns extend upward to the middle chassis, the middle copper sleeve is mounted on the middle chassis, the middle pressure plate is pressed onto the middle chassis, a gas protection cavity is opened on the middle chassis, the air inlet is installed at the lower part of the middle chassis and protective gas is introduced into the gas protection cavity, the protective gas flows out from the air holes located in the circumferential direction of the middle copper sleeve, the middle support plate is located below the middle chassis and slides axially along the plurality of middle support columns, and the middle support plate and the middle chassis are connected by a plurality of support springs to adapt to changes in the inner diameter of the thin-walled inner cone.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper expansion mechanism includes an upper chassis, an upper active slide rail, an upper driven slide rail, an upper active expansion block, an upper driven expansion block, an upper pressure plate, an upper copper inlay plate, an upper pressure plate, a tensioning spring, a conical expansion block and an upper pressure rod; the conical expansion block is sleeved on the upper part of the guide shaft, the upper chassis is coaxially mounted directly above the middle pressure plate of the middle support mechanism, the upper active slide rail and the upper driven slide rail are mounted on the upper chassis, the upper active expansion block and the upper driven expansion block are slidably mounted on the upper active slide rail and the upper driven slide rail, and the inner side walls of the upper active expansion block and the upper driven expansion block are in contact with the outer side walls of the conical expansion block, and the upper active expansion block and the upper driven expansion block are moved in the radial direction by lifting and lowering the conical expansion block, and the tensioning spring is clamped in the grooves of the upper active expansion block and the upper driven expansion block;

[0017] Among them, the outer side of the active expansion block is an arc structure, which fits together with the conical expansion block. In the unpressed state, the active expansion block is flush with the conical expansion block. When the conical expansion block moves downward, it squeezes the upper active expansion block to move outward, driving the upper passive expansion block to move, and the tensioning spring expands outward, so that each part synchronously applies supporting force to the workpiece to complete the upper pressing process.

[0018] Furthermore, the top locking mechanism includes a handle and a circular pressure plate. The circular pressure plate is mounted on the upper part of the guide shaft, and the handle is installed on the upper end of the guide shaft. When the thin-walled inner cone is installed from bottom to top, the circular pressure plate is covered on top of the thin-walled inner cone, and the upper handle is locked to complete the locking.

[0019] Preferably, the upper copper insert, the middle copper sleeve and the lower copper insert are provided with welding leakage grooves, the groove depth of the welding leakage grooves is 2 mm, and protective air holes are evenly distributed in the grooves of the welding leakage grooves.

[0020] Preferably, pressure sensors and gas concentration sensors are evenly distributed on the lower copper panel.

[0021] Furthermore, the pneumatic transmission device includes a cylinder, an end cover and an upper pull sleeve; the cylinder is installed in the cylinder cover of the bottom tooling bracket and is fixed to the lower surface of the end cover, wherein the upper surface of the end cover is fixed to the lower expansion mechanism to ensure stable operation of the cylinder; the cylinder piston rod of the cylinder is fixed to the upper pull sleeve, and the annular inner support sleeve is fixed to the upper pull sleeve on the guide shaft.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

[0023] 1. In terms of production efficiency: The present invention realizes quick exchange between the welding positioner and the thin-walled inner cone (the thin-walled in the present invention refers to the inner cone with a wall thickness of 2-5mm) through a zero-point positioning pin, and then accurately positions and fixes it with the welding fixture. This enables the workpiece (referring to the thin-walled inner cone) to be welded automatically instead of traditional manual welding. The workpiece positioning, clamping, welding and quick exchange can be completed within 240 seconds, greatly improving production efficiency.

[0024] In terms of ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece: the internal support fixture of the present invention can automatically support and tighten the thin-walled inner cone, ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. The tightening mechanism is equipped with a pressure sensor to reduce the deformation and dimensional difference of the thin-walled tube during the welding process. At the same time, the internal support arc plate of the internal support fixture mechanism can completely fit the tube wall, correct the thin walls on both sides of the splicing point, and form the inner cone into a complete circle.

[0025] 3. In terms of improving welding quality: the present invention sets a gas protection device to protect the welding point of the thin-walled inner cone from the inside out, greatly improving the quality of the weld; mainly by setting a back protection gas groove at the weld joint, and evenly distributing gas protection holes inside the protection gas groove, which is connected to the protection gas pipe, and pre-introducing protection gas before welding, to play a back protection function and optimize the back welding forming effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tooling of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tooling of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an axonometric drawing of the quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tooling of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. Chassis I, 2. Chassis II, 3. Cylinder cover, 4. Conical support ring, 5. Cylinder switch, 6. Zero point positioning pin, 7. Support column, 8. Lifting lug, 9. Lower chassis, 10. Lower active expansion block, 11. Lower driven expansion block, 12. Lower pressure plate, 13. Lower pressure rod, 14. Lower active slide rail, 15. Lower driven slide rail, 16. Annular inner support sleeve, 17. Guide shaft, 18. Pull rod, 19. Lower copper inlay plate, 20. Pressure sensor, 21. Gas concentration sensor, 22. Graphite copper sleeve , 23. Middle pressure plate, 24. Middle chassis, 25. Middle copper sleeve, 26. Middle support plate, 27. Support spring, 28. Middle support column, 29. Air inlet, 30. Upper chassis, 31. Upper active slide rail, 32. Upper driven slide rail, 33. Upper active expansion block, 34. Upper driven expansion block, 35. Upper pressure plate, 36. Upper copper inlay, 37. Tension spring, 38. Conical expansion block, 39. Upper pressure rod, 40. Handle, 41. Round pressure plate, 42. Cylinder, 43. End cover, 44. Upper pull sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 3 Describe this embodiment, this embodiment includes a bottom tooling bracket, an axial support and expansion device and a pneumatic transmission device, the bottom tooling bracket is installed on the positioner, and the thin-walled inner cone is mounted on the axial support and expansion device; the axial support and expansion device includes a lower expansion mechanism, a middle support mechanism, an upper expansion mechanism and a top locking mechanism, the lower expansion mechanism is installed on the bottom tooling bracket, the middle support mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism are installed on the lower expansion mechanism in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the lower expansion mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism expand the thin-walled inner cone, the middle support mechanism is supported in the middle of the thin-walled inner cone, and the top locking mechanism is pressed onto the upper expansion mechanism; the pneumatic transmission device is installed in the bottom tooling bracket, and drives the axial support and expansion device to expand and contract in the radial direction by means of cylinder telescoping, thereby realizing the expansion and support of the inner wall of the thin-walled inner cone.

[0031] The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tooling of this embodiment is used for the automated welding of thin-walled inner cone components of aircraft engines. By rationally regulating the clamping force and support force of each part, the deformation of the cone is reduced, and precise positioning, clamping, welding back protection and quick change of the workpiece during the welding process are achieved, thereby solving the problems of poor dimensional accuracy of thin-walled inner cones, poor welding quality and low production efficiency.

[0032] Among them, the "quick change" of the present invention is mainly achieved by connecting the zero-point positioning pin 6 on the bottom tooling bracket with the zero-point locator chuck installed on the working surface of the automatic welding positioner to realize rapid positioning and clamping on the positioner; in addition, the present invention also realizes the rapid removal of the thin-walled inner cone and realizes quick change through the coordinated action of the lower expansion mechanism, the middle support mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism on the axial support expansion device.

[0033] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the bottom tooling bracket of this embodiment includes chassis I 1, chassis II 2, cylinder cover 3, conical support ring 4, cylinder switch 5, zero point positioning pin 6, lower chassis 9, multiple support columns 7 and multiple lifting ears 8. Chassis II 2 and chassis I 1 are coaxially arranged up and down and connected as a whole through the cylinder cover 3. Multiple lifting ears 8 are installed in the circumferential direction of chassis II 2, and a conical support ring 4 is coaxially installed on the upper part of chassis II 2. The zero point positioning pin 6 is installed at the center of the bottom end surface of chassis I 1, multiple support columns 7 are installed on the lower end surface of chassis I 1, and the cylinder switch 5 is installed on the side of chassis I 1.

[0034] With this arrangement, the cylinder cover 3, chassis I 1 and chassis II 2 are coaxially welded and fixed together as one; three lifting ears 8 are preferably installed on chassis II 2 to facilitate the hanging of the workpiece between the tooling; a conical support ring 4 is installed above chassis II 2, and the thin-walled inner cone supports the bottom of the cone after installation, making the welding process more stable; the zero point positioning pin 6 on chassis I 1 is connected to the zero point locator chuck installed on the working surface of the automatic welding positioner to achieve rapid positioning and clamping on the positioner; other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the specific embodiment one.

[0035] A rectangular hole is provided on the cylinder cover 3 for installing the cylinder head, which is convenient for installing the cylinder 42 and for maintenance.

[0036] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 3Describe this embodiment. The lower expansion mechanism of this embodiment includes a lower chassis 9, a lower active expansion block 10, a lower driven expansion block 11, a lower pressure plate 12, a lower pressure rod 13, a lower active slide 14, a lower driven slide 15, an annular inner support sleeve 16, a guide shaft 17, a pull rod 18, a lower copper inlay 19, a pressure sensor 20 and a gas concentration sensor 21; the lower chassis 9 is mounted on the chassis II 2, the guide shaft 17 is vertically and coaxially mounted in the middle of the lower chassis 9, the annular inner support sleeve 16 is sleeved on the guide shaft 17, the lower active slide 14 and the lower driven slide 15 are mounted on the lower chassis 9, and the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11 are slidably mounted on the lower chassis 9. On the active slide rail 14 and the lower driven slide rail 15, the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11 are combined to form a disc-shaped expansion disk with adjustable outer diameter. One end of the pull rod 18 is hinged to the annular inner support sleeve 16, and the other end of the pull rod 18 is hinged to the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11. When the annular inner support sleeve 16 is raised or lowered, the pull rod 18 drives the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11 to move in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the outer diameter of the disc-shaped expansion disk; the lower copper insert 19 is embedded in the grooves of the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11, and the pressure sensor 20 and the gas concentration sensor 21 are installed on the outer surface of the lower copper insert 19.

[0037] In this configuration, the lower expansion mechanism is used to expand and tighten the lower portion of the thin-walled inner cone, thereby minimizing deformation during welding of the thin-walled inner cone and ensuring welding quality of the thin-walled inner cone. Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first or second embodiment.

[0038] The entire lower expansion mechanism of this embodiment is based on the lower chassis 9, the lower active slide rail 14 and the lower driven slide rail 15 are installed on the lower chassis 9, the annular inner support sleeve 16 on the guide shaft 17 is hinged to one end of the pull rod 18, and the other end of the pull rod 18 is also hinged to the lower active expansion block 10 through a connecting pin. The copper pad 19 is embedded in the grooves of the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11, and is fixed by bolts. The three together constitute an arc-shaped inner support assembly, and the release and clamping of the workpiece by the inner support assembly is realized by the extension and contraction of the cylinder 42.

[0039] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figure 2 This embodiment describes the lower expansion mechanism, which also includes a graphite copper sleeve 22, which is positioned between the guide shaft 17 and the annular inner support sleeve 16. This arrangement improves lubrication between the annular inner support sleeve 16 and the guide shaft 17. The remaining components and connections are the same as those in the first, second, or third embodiments.

[0040] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 3To explain this embodiment, the middle support mechanism of this embodiment includes a middle pressure plate 23, a middle chassis 24, a middle copper sleeve 25, a middle support plate 26, a support spring 27, an air inlet 29 and a plurality of middle support columns 28; the lower ends of the plurality of middle support columns 28 are connected to the upper end of the lower chassis 9, and the upper ends of the plurality of middle support columns 28 extend upward to the middle chassis 24, the middle copper sleeve 25 is sleeved on the middle chassis 24, the middle pressure plate 23 is press-fitted on the middle chassis 24, a gas protection chamber is opened on the middle chassis 24, the air inlet 29 is installed at the lower part of the middle chassis 24 and protective gas is introduced into the gas protection chamber, and the protective gas flows out through the air holes located in the circumferential direction of the middle copper sleeve 25, the middle support plate 26 is located below the middle chassis 24 and slides axially along the plurality of middle support columns 28, and the middle support plate 26 and the middle chassis 24 are connected by a plurality of support springs 27 to adapt to the change of the inner diameter of the thin-walled inner cone.

[0041] This arrangement facilitates the clamping and mounting on the copper sleeve 25 under the action of gravity according to the size of the middle portion of the thin-walled inner cone. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the specific embodiments 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0042] The middle copper sleeve 25 of this embodiment is on the outside of the middle chassis 24, and the middle pressure plate 23 is fastened to the middle chassis 24 by bolts. A gas protection cavity is opened on the outside of the middle chassis 24. When the air inlet 29 is connected to the protective gas, it flows into the cavity and flows out from the air holes in the middle copper sleeve 25, thereby playing a gas protection role; the middle chassis 24 and the middle support plate are connected by bolts 26, and the support springs 27 are evenly distributed between the middle chassis 24 and the middle support plate 26. When the cone is installed, the middle support mechanism adapts to the inner surface of the cone under the action of the gravity of the cone using the support spring 27 to play a supporting and buffering role. The middle support structure is connected to the lower chassis 9 through the middle support column 28.

[0043] Specific implementation method six: combination Figures 1 to 3 To illustrate this embodiment, the upper expansion mechanism of this embodiment includes an upper chassis 30, an upper active slide rail 31, an upper driven slide rail 32, an upper active expansion block 33, an upper driven expansion block 34, an upper pressure plate 35, an upper copper panel 36, a tension spring 37, a conical expansion block 38, and an upper pressure rod 39;

[0044] The conical expansion block 38 is sleeved on the upper part of the guide shaft 17, the upper chassis 30 is coaxially installed just above the middle pressure disc 23 of the middle support mechanism, the upper active slide rail 31 and the upper driven slide rail 32 are installed on the upper chassis 30, the upper active expansion block 33 and the upper driven expansion block 34 are slidably installed on the upper active slide rail 31 and the upper driven slide rail 32, and the inner side walls of the upper active expansion block 33 and the upper driven expansion block 34 are in contact with the outer side wall of the conical expansion block 38, and the upper active expansion block 33 and the upper driven expansion block 34 are moved in the radial direction by the lifting and lowering of the conical expansion block 38, and the tension spring is clamped in the grooves of the upper active expansion block 33 and the upper driven expansion block 34;

[0045] Among them, the outer side of the active expansion block 33 is an arc structure, which fits together with the conical expansion block 38. In the unpressed state, the active expansion block 33 is flush with the conical expansion block 38. When the conical expansion block 38 moves downward, it squeezes the upper active expansion block 33 to move outward, driving the upper passive expansion block 34 to move, and the tensioning spring expands outward, so that each part synchronously applies supporting force to the workpiece to complete the upper pressing process.

[0046] With this arrangement, the upper active slide rail 32 and the upper passive slide rail 33 are bolted to the upper chassis 30. The active expansion block 33 and the passive expansion block 34 are mounted on their respective guide rails for radial movement. The tension spring 38 is clamped in the grooves of the upper active expansion block 33 and the passive expansion block 34. The outer side of the active expansion block 33 has an arc structure, which fits in with the conical expansion block 38. In the uncompressed state, the active expansion block 33 is flush with the conical expansion block 38. When the conical expansion block 38 moves downward, it squeezes the upper active expansion block 33 outward, driving the upper passive expansion block 34 to move, and the tension spring expands outward, so that each part simultaneously applies a supporting force to the workpiece, completing the upper compression process. The other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific embodiments one to five.

[0047] Specific implementation method seven: combination Figures 1 to 3 This embodiment describes the top locking mechanism, which includes a handle 40 and a circular pressure plate 41. The circular pressure plate 41 is mounted on the upper portion of the guide shaft 17, and the handle 40 is mounted on the upper end of the guide shaft 17. After the thin-walled inner cone is installed from bottom to top, the circular pressure plate 41 is placed over the thin-walled inner cone, locking the upper handle 40. The remaining components and connections are the same as those in any of the first to sixth embodiments.

[0048] Specific implementation method eight: combination Figures 1 to 3 To illustrate this embodiment, in this embodiment, welding grooves are provided on the upper copper insert 19, the middle copper sleeve 25 and the lower copper insert 36. The depth of the welding grooves is 2 mm, and protective air holes are evenly distributed in the grooves.

[0049] This arrangement facilitates back gas protection during welding, thereby optimizing back welding forming effects. Other components and connection relationships are the same as any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 7.

[0050] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figures 1 to 3 To explain this embodiment, pressure sensors and gas concentration sensors are evenly distributed on the lower copper panel 36. This arrangement allows for real-time transmission of pressure readings when a workpiece contacts the panel, thereby applying appropriate support force. Simultaneously, gas concentration sensors are distributed throughout the weld channel to monitor whether the shielding gas concentration meets welding requirements. Other components and connections are identical to those in any of the first through eighth embodiments.

[0051] In addition, the number of the upper active expansion block 33, the lower active expansion block 10, the upper driven expansion block 34 and the lower driven expansion block 11 are all 3, and the number of the corresponding copper pads is 6. The three together constitute the arc-shaped inner support assembly. The inner support assembly adopts an arc design that matches the inner wall of the thin-walled inner cone to ensure that its top can closely fit the inner wall of the inner cone.

[0052] The upper expansion mechanism and the middle support mechanism are connected via a long support column 43, so that the three parts constitute the entire axial support expansion device of the lower expansion mechanism.

[0053] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 1 to 3 To illustrate this embodiment, the pneumatic transmission device of this embodiment includes a cylinder 42, an end cover 43 and an upper pull sleeve 44; the cylinder 42 is installed in the cylinder cover 3 of the bottom tooling bracket and is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the end cover 43, wherein the upper surface of the end cover 43 is fixedly connected to the lower expansion mechanism to ensure stable operation of the cylinder 42; the cylinder piston rod of the cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the upper pull sleeve 44, and the annular inner support sleeve 16 is fixedly connected to the upper pull sleeve 44 on the guide shaft 17.

[0054] With this arrangement, cylinder 42 is mounted within the bottom tooling chassis, affixed to the lower surface of end cap 43. The upper surface of end cap 43 is affixed to the lower expansion mechanism, ensuring stable operation of cylinder 42. The cylinder piston rod is affixed to upper pull sleeve 44, while the annular inner support sleeve 16 is affixed to upper pull sleeve 44 on guide shaft 17. To adjust the tension of the inner support fixture, the cylinder switch 4 is turned on. The pneumatic transmission unit, through changes in compressed air pressure, drives the piston rod, driving the annular inner support sleeve up and down. Other components and connections are identical to those in any of the first to ninth embodiments.

[0055] Combine Figures 1 to 3 The working principle of the present invention is described:

[0056] First, after spot welding the four groups of circumferential welds of the thin-walled inner cone, the workpiece is placed on the chassis II 2 through the guide shaft 17. The lower pull rod 13 buckles the lower clamping plate 12 above the thin-walled inner cone and connects it to the bottom tooling bracket chassis II 2. Then buckle the clamping plate 35. After the inner cone is placed above the upper copper inlay 36 through the upper clamping plate 35, the upper pressure rod 39 passes through the lower clamping plate 12 and connects it to the bottom quick-change tooling bracket chassis II 2. Finally, tighten the handle 40 to tighten it.

[0057] Then open the cylinder switch 5, the cylinder 42 contracts downward, driving the annular inner support sleeve 16 to move downward, so that the pull rod 18 moves outward along the lower active slide rail 14, and the lower active expansion block 10 and the lower driven expansion block 11 expand outward, the outer diameter becomes larger, and the size of the inner support tooling is adapted to the size of the thin-walled inner cone. Similarly, the upper conical expansion block 38 moves downward and is squeezed, and the upper active expansion block 33 expands outward, driving the upper driven expansion block 34 to fit the inner wall of the inner cone. The middle support structure adapts to the inner cone profile and fits tightly with the inner cone. The entire inner cone inner wall is evenly stressed, achieving stable and powerful inner support clamping, so that the inner support tooling and the inner cone workpiece become a rigid body, thereby reducing deformation during subsequent welding.

[0058] At this point, align the zero-point positioning pin 6 below the fixture bracket with the zero-point locator on the welding positioner and lock it. Then, evenly introduce shielding gas into the welding slot and start automatic welding. After welding is completed, simply release the zero-point positioning pin 6 to lift the workpiece and complete the quick change of the next workpiece positioning. Workpiece removal can be completed outside the positioner, reducing downtime and increasing equipment utilization.

[0059] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool, characterized by: It includes a bottom fixture bracket, an axial support expansion device and a pneumatic transmission device. The bottom fixture bracket is installed on the positioner, and the thin-walled inner cone is sleeved on the axial support expansion device; The axial support and expansion device includes a lower expansion mechanism, a middle support mechanism, an upper expansion mechanism and a top locking mechanism. The lower expansion mechanism is installed on the bottom tooling bracket, and the middle support mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism are installed on the lower expansion mechanism in sequence from bottom to top. The lower expansion mechanism and the upper expansion mechanism expand the thin-walled inner cone, the middle support mechanism is supported in the middle of the thin-walled inner cone, and the top locking mechanism is press-fitted on the upper expansion mechanism. The pneumatic transmission device is installed in the bottom tooling bracket, and drives the axial support expansion device to expand and contract in the radial direction by means of cylinder expansion and contraction, thereby achieving expansion and support of the inner wall of the thin-walled inner cone.

2. The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom tooling bracket includes chassis I (1), chassis II (2), cylinder cover (3), conical support ring (4), cylinder switch (5), zero point positioning pin (6), lower chassis (9), multiple support columns (7) and multiple lifting ears (8). Chassis II (2) and chassis I (1) are coaxially arranged up and down and connected as a whole through a cylinder cover (3). A plurality of lifting ears (8) are installed in the circumferential direction of chassis II (2). A conical support ring (4) is installed coaxially on the upper part of chassis II (2). A zero point positioning pin (6) is installed on the lower end surface of chassis I (1). A plurality of support columns (7) are installed on the lower end surface of chassis I (1). A cylinder switch (5) is installed on the side of chassis I (1).

3. A quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower expansion mechanism includes a lower chassis (9), a lower active expansion block (10), a lower driven expansion block (11), a lower compression plate (12), a lower pressure rod (13), a lower active slide rail (14), a lower driven slide rail (15), an annular inner support sleeve (16), a guide shaft (17), a pull rod (18), a lower copper insert (19), a pressure sensor (20) and a gas concentration sensor (21); The lower chassis (9) is mounted on chassis II (2), the guide shaft (17) is vertically and coaxially mounted in the middle of the lower chassis (9), and the annular inner support sleeve (16) is sleeved on the guide shaft (17). The lower active slide rail (14) and the lower driven slide rail (15) are installed on the lower chassis (9), and the lower active expansion block (10) and the lower driven expansion block (11) are slidably installed on the lower active slide rail (14) and the lower driven slide rail (15). The lower active expansion block (10) and the lower driven expansion block (11) are combined to form a disc-shaped expansion disk with an adjustable outer diameter. One end of the pull rod (18) is hinged to the annular inner support sleeve (16), and the other end of the pull rod (18) is hinged to the lower active expansion block (10) and the lower passive expansion block (11). When the annular inner support sleeve (16) is raised or lowered, the pull rod (18) drives the lower active expansion block (10) and the lower passive expansion block (11) to move in the horizontal direction, thereby realizing the adjustment of the outer diameter of the disc-shaped expansion disk; The lower copper inlay plate (19) is embedded in the grooves of the lower active expansion block (10) and the lower driven expansion block (11), and the pressure sensor (20) and the gas concentration sensor (21) are installed on the outer surface of the lower copper inlay plate (19).

4. The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower expansion mechanism further comprises a graphite copper sleeve (22), which is sleeved between the guide shaft (17) and the annular inner support sleeve (16).

5. The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle support mechanism includes a middle compression plate (23), a middle chassis (24), a middle copper sleeve (25), a middle support plate (26), a support spring 27, an air inlet (29) and a plurality of middle support columns (28); The lower ends of the plurality of middle support columns (28) are connected to the upper end of the lower chassis (9), and the upper ends of the plurality of middle support columns (28) extend upward to the middle chassis (24). The middle copper sleeve (25) is sleeved on the middle chassis (24), and the middle pressure plate (23) is press-fitted on the middle chassis (24). A gas protection cavity is provided on the middle chassis (24), and an air inlet (29) is installed at the lower part of the middle chassis (24) and introduces protective gas into the gas protection cavity. The protective gas flows out from the air holes located in the circumferential direction of the middle copper sleeve (25). The middle support plate (26) is located below the middle chassis (24) and slides axially along the plurality of middle support columns (28). The middle support plate (26) and the middle chassis (24) are connected via a plurality of support springs (27) to adapt to changes in the inner diameter of the thin-walled inner cone.

6. The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper expansion mechanism includes an upper chassis (30), an upper active slide rail (31), an upper driven slide rail (32), an upper active expansion block (33), an upper driven expansion block (34), an upper compression plate (35), an upper copper insert (36), a tension spring (37), a conical expansion block (38) and an upper pressure rod (39); The conical expansion block (38) is mounted on the upper portion of the guide shaft (17), the upper chassis (30) is coaxially mounted just above the middle pressure plate (23) of the middle support mechanism, the upper active slide rail (31) and the upper driven slide rail (32) are mounted on the upper chassis (30), the upper active expansion block (33) and the upper driven expansion block (34) are slidably mounted on the upper active slide rail (31) and the upper driven slide rail (32), and the inner side walls of the upper active expansion block (33) and the upper driven expansion block (34) are in contact with the outer side walls of the conical expansion block (38), and the upper active expansion block (33) and the upper driven expansion block (34) are moved in the radial direction by lifting and lowering the conical expansion block (38), and the tension spring (37) is clamped in the grooves of the upper active expansion block (33) and the upper driven expansion block (34); Among them, the outer side of the active expansion block (33) is an arc structure, which fits with the conical expansion block (38). In the unpressed state, the active expansion block (33) is flush with the conical expansion block (38). When the conical expansion block (38) moves downward, it squeezes the upper active expansion block (33) to move outward, driving the upper passive expansion block (34) to move, and the tension spring (37) expands outward, so that each part synchronously applies a supporting force to the workpiece, completing the upper pressing process.

7. A quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that: The top locking mechanism includes a handle (40) and a circular pressing plate (41), the circular pressing plate (41) is sleeved on the upper part of the guide shaft (17), and the handle (40) is installed on the upper end of the guide shaft (17). When the thin-walled inner cone is installed from bottom to top, the circular pressing plate (41) is covered on the top of the thin-walled inner cone, and the upper handle (40) is locked to complete the locking.

8. The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper copper insert (19), the middle copper sleeve (25) and the lower copper insert (36) are provided with a welding groove, the groove depth of the welding groove is 2 mm, and the groove of the welding groove is evenly distributed with protective pores.

9. The quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: Pressure sensors and gas concentration sensors are evenly distributed on the lower copper inlay plate (36).

10. A quick-change thin-walled inner cone automatic welding inner support tool according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: The pneumatic transmission device includes a cylinder (42), an end cover (43) and an upper pull sleeve (44); The cylinder (42) is installed in the cylinder cover (3) of the bottom tooling bracket and is fixed to the lower surface of the end cover (43), wherein the upper surface of the end cover (43) is fixed to the lower expansion mechanism to ensure the stable operation of the cylinder (42); the cylinder piston rod of the cylinder (42) is fixed to the upper pull sleeve (44), and the annular inner support sleeve (16) is fixed to the upper pull sleeve (44) on the guide shaft (17).

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