A cassette switching valve for peritoneal dialysis, a flow passage switching method, and a cassette

Abstract

The application discloses a cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis, a flow channel switching method and a cartridge. The switching valve comprises a rotating valve body. Flow channels in the cartridge are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating valve body. A plurality of valve body flow channels are formed in the rotating valve body and are matched with the flow channels arranged in the cartridge. The number of the valve body flow channels is matched with the number of the connection mechanisms of the flow channels in the cartridge. The connection mechanisms are determined by the interval angle of two flow channels connected with each other in the cartridge. The connection of the two flow channels in the corresponding cartridges is realized by rotating the valve body flow channels to the corresponding positions. The application can realize the quick switching of the flow channels. During the switching process, only the rotation angle of the rotating valve body needs to be controlled, without the complicated control logic. The structure and the control process of the cartridge can be effectively simplified, and the failure rate is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of peritoneal dialysis equipment technology, specifically to a cartridge switching valve, flow channel switching method, and cartridge for peritoneal dialysis. Background Technology

[0002] Chronic renal failure (end-stage renal disease, ESRD) is a serious threat to human health. Patients with ESRD suffer severe kidney damage, rendering their kidneys unable to properly metabolize waste products and regulate electrolyte and acid-base balance, thus requiring renal replacement therapy to sustain life. Currently, renal replacement therapy mainly includes hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation, with peritoneal dialysis being widely used clinically due to its unique advantages.

[0003] The core principle of peritoneal dialysis is to utilize the peritoneum as a natural semi-permeable membrane. By infusing dialysate into the peritoneal cavity, metabolic waste products such as urea and creatinine accumulated in the blood, along with excess water, pass through the peritoneum into the dialysate. The waste dialysate is then drained, thus achieving the removal of toxins and regulation of fluid balance. As a mature treatment method, peritoneal dialysis has significant advantages, including not requiring vascular access, being able to be performed by patients at home, and having fewer restrictions on daily activities. It is particularly suitable for elderly patients, those with limited mobility, and those with poor vascular conditions, offering greater patient autonomy compared to hemodialysis. However, the therapeutic effect of peritoneal dialysis is closely related to the details of the technique, including the permeability of the peritoneum itself, the exchange frequency of the dialysate, the degree of automation of the dialysis equipment, and the reliability of its core components. Among these, the peritoneal dialysis machine, as the key equipment for achieving precise dialysate infusion, drainage, and circulation control, directly affects the safety and efficiency of the treatment.

[0004] In existing peritoneal dialysis machines, the cartridges used to control the switching of dialysate flow channels typically employ a multi-solenoid valve control scheme. This involves setting independent solenoid valves at multiple flow channel nodes within the cartridge, and switching between various working states such as perfusion, drainage, and circulation is achieved through combinations of opening / closing actions of different solenoid valves. This design has significant technical drawbacks: firstly, the number of independent solenoid valves increases with the complexity of the flow channels, leading to a bulky overall cartridge structure, complex assembly processes, and increased manufacturing costs; secondly, as mechanical moving parts, the increased number of solenoid valves directly increases the number of potential failure points, significantly increasing the probability of product failure, thus affecting the stability and safety of the treatment process and increasing the risk to patients. Therefore, to address the problems of complex cartridge structures and insufficient reliability in existing peritoneal dialysis machines, there is an urgent need to develop a flow channel control scheme with a simpler structure and lower failure risk to optimize the performance of peritoneal dialysis machines and promote the further development of peritoneal dialysis technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical objective: To address the shortcomings of existing peritoneal dialysis machine cartridge flow channel switching, this invention discloses a cartridge switching valve, flow channel switching method, and cartridge for peritoneal dialysis.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis includes a rotating valve body. Flow channels within the cartridge are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating valve body. The rotating valve body has several valve body flow channels that match the communication requirements of the flow channels within the cartridge. The number of valve body flow channels matches the number of communication mechanisms within the cartridge. The communication mechanism is determined by the interval angle between two interconnected flow channels within the cartridge. By rotating the valve body flow channels to the corresponding positions, communication is established between the corresponding two flow channels within the cartridge.

[0008] Preferably, the flow channels within the cartridge of the present invention are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating valve body as a discharge flow channel, a final bag flow channel, a heating flow channel, a replenishment flow channel, and a conveying flow channel. The connection mechanisms include an adjacent flow channel connection mechanism formed from the replenishment flow channel to the heating flow channel and from the final bag flow channel to the heating flow channel, an intermittent flow channel connection mechanism from the heating flow channel to the conveying flow channel, and a straight-through flow channel connection mechanism from the conveying flow channel to the discharge flow channel. Correspondingly, adjacent valve body flow channels, intermittent valve body flow channels, and straight-through valve body flow channels are provided within the rotating valve body.

[0009] Preferably, the discharge channel, end bag channel, heating channel, replenishment channel and conveying channel of the present invention are arranged at 45° intervals from each other along the clockwise circumferential direction of the rotating valve body. The conveying channel and the discharge channel are located at opposite positions of the rotating valve body. The straight-through valve body channel has a straight channel structure. The adjacent valve body channels and the spaced valve body channels adopt an arc-shaped transition between their corresponding connecting ports.

[0010] Preferably, the conveying channel and the heating channel of the present invention are staggered in the height direction of the rotating valve body; the heating channel, the supplementing channel and the end bag channel are at the same height position of the rotating valve body, and the conveying channel and the discharge channel are at the same height position of the rotating valve body.

[0011] Preferably, one of the connecting ports on the adjacent valve body flow channel or the spaced valve body flow channel of the present invention and the connecting port on the straight valve body flow channel are at the same circumferential angle in the circumferential direction of rotating the valve body.

[0012] Preferably, the adjacent valve body flow channel of the present invention includes a first connecting port and a second connecting port. When the supplementary flow channel and the heating flow channel are connected, the first connecting port is connected to the heating flow channel, and the second connecting port is connected to the supplementary flow channel. The spaced valve body flow channel includes a third connecting port and a fourth connecting port. When the heating flow channel and the conveying flow channel are connected, the third connecting port is connected to the heating flow channel, and the fourth connecting port is connected to the conveying flow channel. One of the connecting ports of the first, second, and third ports is at the same circumferential angle as the connecting port of the straight-through valve body flow channel in the circumferential direction of rotating the valve body.

[0013] Preferably, the adjacent valve body flow channel of the present invention is located on the outer surface region away from the center of the rotating valve body, and a fan-shaped connecting area is directly opened on the outside of the rotating valve body to form the adjacent valve body flow channel.

[0014] This invention discloses a flow channel switching method, which uses the above-mentioned cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis. By rotating the valve body, the corresponding valve body flow channel connection port on the rotating valve body is connected to the cartridge flow channel according to the connection requirements of the cartridge flow channel, so as to transport and transfer the liquid.

[0015] Preferably, the flow channel switching of the present invention includes a replenishment mode, an infusion mode, an end-bag replenishment mode, and a draining mode;

[0016] In replenishment mode, rotate the valve body to connect the replenishment channel and the heating channel through the adjacent valve body flow channel, and the working fluid flows from the replenishment channel into the heating channel for working fluid heating;

[0017] In infusion mode, rotating the valve body connects the heating channel and the delivery channel through the valve body flow channel, and the heated working fluid flows from the heating channel into the delivery channel.

[0018] In the end-bag replenishment mode, rotate the valve body to connect the heating channel and the end-bag channel through the adjacent valve body flow channel, and the end-bag working fluid enters the heating channel from the end-bag flow channel for heating.

[0019] In the draining mode, rotate the valve body to connect the conveying channel and the discharge channel through the straight valve body flow channel for waste liquid discharge.

[0020] The present invention also discloses a cartridge for use in a peritoneal dialysis machine, using the above-mentioned cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The peritoneal dialysis cartridge switching valve, flow channel switching method, and cartridge disclosed in this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The switching valve of the present invention has several valve body flow channels on the rotating valve body that match the flow channel switching requirements. According to the switching requirements, the valve body can be rotated directly to connect the flow channels in the corresponding cartridge through the valve body flow channels, thereby achieving rapid switching. At the same time, only the rotation angle of the rotating valve body needs to be controlled during the switching process, without the need for complex control logic. This can effectively simplify the structure of the cartridge and the control process, and reduce the failure rate.

[0023] 2. The present invention arranges the flow channels of the cartridge evenly along the circumference of the rotating valve body, and by setting the order of each flow channel in the cartridge, the cartridge flow channel switching is unified into three types of communication mechanisms, thereby reducing the number of valve body flow channels, simplifying the number of valve body flow channels in the rotating valve body, and further simplifying the operation process of the switching valve during the flow channel switching process.

[0024] 3. In this invention, the connection between adjacent valve body flow channels and spaced valve body flow channels is transitioned by an arc-shaped structure, while the straight valve body flow channel adopts a straight flow channel structure. Both can reduce the resistance of fluid flow and ensure the smooth flow of fluid in the cartridge between the flow channels.

[0025] 4. In this invention, the conveying channel and the heating channel are staggered in the height direction of the rotating valve body, and the heating channel, the supplementing channel and the end bag channel are set at the same height position. The conveying channel and the discharge channel are at the same height position of the rotating valve body, so that a connecting port on the adjacent valve body channel and the spaced valve body channel can be at the same circumferential angle in the circumferential direction. This reduces the rotation angle of the rotating valve body during the channel switching process, which is conducive to the rapid switching of the channels. It also facilitates the opening and arrangement of the valve body channels in the rotating valve body.

[0026] 5. In this invention, the adjacent valve body flow channel is set in the outer surface area far from the center of the rotating valve body. The adjacent valve body flow channel is formed by directly opening a fan-shaped connecting area on the outside of the rotating valve body, which reduces the area occupied by the flow channel on the valve body structure. Thus, multiple valve body flow channels can be opened within the limited rotating valve body structure, and interference between them can be avoided. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0028] Figure 1 The switching valve of the present invention is three-dimensional. Figure I ;

[0029] Figure 2 The switching valve of the present invention is three-dimensional. Figure II ;

[0030] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the switching valve and the cartridge flow channel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the interaction state of the switching valve and the cartridge in the replenishment mode of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the interaction between the switching valve and the cartridge in the infusion mode of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the interaction between the switching valve and the cartridge in the final bag replenishment mode of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the interaction between the switching valve and the cartridge in the liquid discharge mode of this invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cartridge structure of the present invention;

[0036] Among them, 1-rotating valve body, 2-discharge flow channel, 3-end bag flow channel, 4-heating flow channel, 5-supplementary flow channel, 6-conveying flow channel, 7-adjacent valve body flow channel, 8-interval valve body flow channel, 9-straight-through valve body flow channel, 10-first connecting port, 11-second connecting port, 12-third connecting port, 13-fourth connecting port, 14-pump chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more of which are set forth herein. Each embodiment and example is provided by way of explanation of the apparatus, composition, and materials of the present disclosure, and not by way of limitation. Rather, the following description provides convenient illustrations for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure.

[0038] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention discloses a cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis, comprising a rotating valve body 1. The flow channels within the cartridge are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the rotating valve body 1. The rotating valve body 1 has a plurality of valve body flow channels that match the communication requirements of the flow channels within the cartridge. The number of valve body flow channels matches the number of communication mechanisms of the flow channels within the cartridge. The communication mechanism is determined by the interval angle between two interconnected flow channels within the cartridge. By rotating the valve body flow channels to the corresponding positions, the corresponding two flow channels within the cartridge are connected.

[0039] This invention creates a valve body flow channel within the rotating valve body 1 that corresponds to the communication mechanism. By simply connecting the corresponding flow channel through the valve body flow channel, the switching of different flow states can be achieved without the need for complex valve combinations. This simplifies the control logic for switching the cartridge flow channel, simplifies the flow channel switching structure, and reduces the equipment failure rate. The rotating valve body 1 can be directly driven by a stepper motor, with the motor shaft of the stepper motor fixedly connected to the end of the rotating valve body. The flow channel switching is achieved by controlling the rotation angle.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the connection states of different channels within the cartridge vary depending on the peritoneal dialysis process. To facilitate the design of the valve body channels and the control of the switching valve, the channels within the cartridge of this invention are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the rotating valve body 1 as follows: discharge channel 2, end bag channel 3, heating channel 4, replenishment channel 5, and delivery channel 6. The corresponding connection mechanisms include adjacent channel connection mechanisms from replenishment channel 5 to heating channel 4 and from end bag channel 3 to heating channel 4, intermittent channel connection mechanisms from heating channel 4 to delivery channel 6, and direct channel connection mechanisms from delivery channel 6 to discharge channel 2, forming a total of three connection mechanisms. Correspondingly, adjacent valve body channels 7, intermittent valve body channels 8, and direct valve body channels 9 are opened within the rotating valve body 1 to achieve switching of the connection states of each channel in the cartridge under different connection mechanisms.

[0041] Without departing from the flow channel design concept of the switching valve in this application, the present invention is not limited to the field of peritoneal dialysis. It is also applicable to other fields that require switching between different flow channels and is within the protection scope of this invention.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present invention, in order to ensure the versatility of each valve body flow channel, the discharge flow channel 2, the end bag flow channel 3, the heating flow channel 4, the supplementary flow channel 5, and the conveying flow channel 6 are arranged at 45° intervals from each other along the clockwise circumferential direction of the rotating valve body 1, and are evenly distributed. The conveying flow channel 6 and the discharge flow channel 2 are located at the relative positions of the rotating valve body 1. The straight-through valve body flow channel 9 is a straight flow channel structure. The adjacent valve body flow channel 7 and the spaced valve body flow channel 8 adopt an arc-shaped structure transition between their corresponding connecting ports. The arc-shaped structure guides the fluid and reduces flow resistance.

[0043] Simultaneously considering the structural limitations of the rotating valve body itself, and to reduce the difficulty of opening and arranging the valve body flow channels, the conveying flow channel 6 and the heating flow channel 4 of this invention are staggered in the height direction of the rotating valve body; the heating flow channel 4, the supplementary flow channel 5, and the end bag flow channel 3 are at the same height position of the rotating valve body, and the conveying flow channel 6 and the discharge flow channel 2 are at the same height position of the rotating valve body 1. One of the connecting ports on the adjacent valve body flow channel 7 or the spacer valve body flow channel 8 and the connecting port on the straight-through valve body flow channel 9 are at the same circumferential angle in the circumferential direction of the rotating valve body 1; within a limited space, the opening and arrangement of multiple valve body flow channels are realized. The adjacent valve body flow channel 7 of this invention includes a first connecting port 10 and a second connecting port 11, in the supplementary flow... When channel 5 and heating channel 4 are connected, the first connecting port 10 is connected to heating channel 4, and the second connecting port 11 is connected to supplementary channel 5; the spacer valve body channel 8 includes a third connecting port 12 and a fourth connecting port 13. When heating channel 4 and conveying channel 6 are connected, the third connecting port 12 is connected to heating channel 4, and the fourth connecting port 13 is connected to conveying channel 6. One of the connecting ports of the first connecting port 10, the second connecting port 11, and the third connecting port 12 is at the same circumferential angle as the connecting port of the straight-through valve body channel 9 in the circumferential direction of rotating valve body 1. In the embodiment of the present invention, the second connecting port 11 is set at the same circumferential angle as the connecting port of the straight-through valve body channel 9 in the circumferential direction of rotating valve body 1. Figures 4-7 When switching flow channels during the process, the staggered arrangement of the flow channels inside the cartridge can further reduce the range of motion of the rotating valve body during the fluid switching process.

[0044] Furthermore, the adjacent valve body flow channel 7 of the present invention is located on the outer surface area away from the center of the rotating valve body, and a fan-shaped connecting area is directly opened on the outside of the rotating valve body 1. The adjacent valve body flow channel is formed through the connecting area. The design of the fan-shaped connecting area can reduce the impact of the flow channel opening on the structural strength of the rotating valve body, and at the same time facilitate the rapid flow and transportation of fluid between two adjacent flow channels in the cartridge.

[0045] This invention discloses a flow channel switching method, which uses the above-mentioned cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis. By rotating the valve body, the corresponding valve body flow channel connection port on the rotating valve body is connected to the cartridge flow channel according to the connection requirements of the cartridge flow channel, so as to transport and transfer the liquid.

[0046] like Figures 4-7 As shown, based on the peritoneal dialysis process, the flow channel switching of the present invention includes fluid replenishment mode, fluid infusion mode, end-bag fluid replenishment mode, and fluid drainage mode.

[0047] In the replenishment mode, rotate the valve body 1 so that the adjacent valve body flow channel 7 connects the replenishment flow channel 5 and the heating flow channel 4, and the working fluid flows from the replenishment flow channel 5 into the heating flow channel 4 for working fluid heating.

[0048] In infusion mode, rotate the valve body 1 so that the valve body flow channel 8 connects the heating flow channel 4 and the delivery flow channel 6, and the heated working fluid flows from the heating flow channel 4 into the delivery flow channel 6.

[0049] In the end-bag replenishment mode, rotate the valve body 1 so that the adjacent valve body flow channel 7 connects the heating flow channel 4 and the end-bag flow channel 3, and the end-bag working fluid enters the heating flow channel 4 from the end-bag flow channel 3 for heating.

[0050] In the draining mode, rotating the valve body 1 connects the conveying channel 6 and the discharge channel 2 through the straight-through valve body flow channel 9 to discharge waste liquid.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, this invention also discloses a cartridge for a peritoneal dialysis machine. Using the aforementioned peritoneal dialysis cartridge switching valve, by applying the switching valve and cartridge of this invention to a peritoneal dialysis machine, various fluid delivery requirements for peritoneal dialysis can be met. The cartridge includes a pump chamber 14 connected to the flow channel. After the switching valve is installed, the connection state of the flow channel is changed by the switching valve. Power is provided through the pump chamber 14 to make the liquid flow according to the set flow channel. How the liquid flows through the pump chamber is prior art and does not affect the switching valve's function of switching the cartridge flow channel.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis, characterized in that, Includes a rotating valve body (1), the flow channels in the cartridge are evenly arranged along the circumference of the rotating valve body (1), the rotating valve body (1) has a number of valve body flow channels that match the flow channel communication requirements in the cartridge, the number of valve body flow channels matches the number of flow channel communication mechanisms in the cartridge, the communication mechanism is determined by the interval angle of two flow channels that are interconnected in the cartridge, and the two flow channels in the cartridge are connected by rotating the valve body flow channel to the corresponding position; The flow channels within the cartridge are, in sequence along the circumferential direction of the rotating valve body (1), a discharge flow channel (2), a final bag flow channel (3), a heating flow channel (4), a replenishment flow channel (5), and a conveying flow channel (6). The connection mechanisms include the adjacent flow channel connection mechanism formed from the replenishment flow channel (5) to the heating flow channel (4) and from the final bag flow channel (3) to the heating flow channel (4), the interval flow channel connection mechanism from the heating flow channel (4) to the conveying flow channel (6), and the straight flow channel connection mechanism from the conveying flow channel (6) to the discharge flow channel (2). Correspondingly, the rotating valve body (1) has an adjacent valve body flow channel (7), an interval valve body flow channel (8), and a straight valve body flow channel (9). The conveying channel (6) and the heating channel (4) are staggered in the height direction of the rotating valve body; the heating channel (4), the supplementary channel (5) and the end bag channel (3) are at the same height position of the rotating valve body, and the conveying channel (6) and the discharge channel (2) are at the same height position of the rotating valve body (1).

2. The cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge channel (2), the end bag channel (3), the heating channel (4), the supplementary channel (5), and the conveying channel (6) are arranged at 45° intervals from each other along the clockwise circumferential direction of the rotating valve body (1). The conveying channel (6) and the discharge channel (2) are located at opposite positions on the rotating valve body (1). The straight-through valve body channel (9) is a straight channel structure. The adjacent valve body channel (7) and the spaced valve body channel (8) are transitioned by an arc structure between their corresponding connecting ports.

3. A cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the connecting ports on the adjacent valve body flow channel (7) or the spaced valve body flow channel (8) and the connecting port of the straight valve body flow channel (9) are at the same circumferential angle in the circumferential direction of the rotating valve body (1).

4. A cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjacent valve body flow channel (7) includes a first connecting port (10) and a second connecting port (11). When the supplementary flow channel (5) and the heating flow channel (4) are connected, the first connecting port (10) and the heating flow channel (4) are connected, and the second connecting port (11) and the supplementary flow channel (5) are connected. The spaced valve body flow channel (8) includes a third connecting port (12) and a fourth connecting port (13). When the heating flow channel (4) and the conveying flow channel (6) are connected, the third connecting port (12) is connected to the heating flow channel (4), and the fourth connecting port (13) is connected to the conveying flow channel (6). One of the connecting ports of the first connecting port (10), the second connecting port (11) and the third connecting port (12) is at the same circumferential angle as the connecting port of the straight valve body flow channel (9) in the circumferential direction of the rotating valve body (1).

5. A cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjacent valve body flow channel (7) is located on the outer surface area away from the center of the rotating valve body. A fan-shaped connecting area is directly opened outside the rotating valve body (1), and the adjacent valve body flow channel is formed through the connecting area.

6. A cartridge for a peritoneal dialysis machine, characterized in that, Use the cartridge switching valve for peritoneal dialysis as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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