Hollow composite planetary speed reducer

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of speed reducer, especially to a hollow composite planetary speed reducer, which comprises a machine shell, an input shaft rotatably connected to the machine shell, a sun gear fixedly connected to the input shaft, an outer gear ring installed in the machine shell, three planetary gears meshing between the outer gear ring and the sun gear, a planetary carrier rotatably connected to the three planetary gears, a worm fixedly connected to the planetary carrier, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the machine shell, a worm wheel meshing with the worm and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and an output shaft rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. The present application combines the planetary speed reducer with the worm and worm gear speed reducer to form a composite speed reducer, which solves the self-locking defect of the planetary speed reducer and the low efficiency problem of the worm and worm gear speed reducer, and realizes secondary speed reduction, thereby increasing the transmission ratio and reducing the overall size of the device, improving the working efficiency and safety of the speed reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of speed reducer technology, and in particular to a hollow composite planetary speed reducer. Background Technology

[0002] A speed reducer is a mechanical device that reduces input speed and increases output torque. Its main types include spur gear reducers, worm gear reducers, and planetary reducers. A planetary reducer consists of important components such as a sun gear, planet gears, and an external gear ring. While existing planetary reducers can ensure that the input and output shafts rotate in the same direction and are highly efficient during operation, they lack a self-locking function. Therefore, they are rarely used in some lifting equipment. Some lifting equipment equipped with planetary reducers relies on external devices to limit and brake the output shaft, thus enabling the planetary reducer to have a self-locking function. This method requires coordination with the existing electrical system, and adding a limit and brake device increases the complexity of the device and makes maintenance difficult.

[0003] Currently, worm gear reducers are mainly used in lifting equipment. These reducers have a self-locking function, but their power transmission efficiency is low. Furthermore, for applications requiring a high transmission ratio, the size of the worm gear and worm needs to be increased, which increases costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of planetary reducers being unable to self-lock and worm gear reducers having low transmission ratios, this invention provides a hollow composite planetary reducer.

[0005] Technical solution: A hollow composite planetary reducer includes a housing, an input shaft rotatably connected through the housing, a sun gear fixedly connected to one end of the input shaft, an external gear ring mounted inside the housing at the same axial position as the sun gear, at least three planet gears circumferentially spaced and meshing between the external gear ring and the sun gear, all planet gears rotatably connected to a planet carrier, a worm gear rotatably connected to the planet carrier, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the housing and perpendicular to the axial direction of the worm gear, a worm wheel meshing with the worm gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and an output shaft rotatably connected to the housing.

[0006] Preferably, the device also includes a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the shaft to the output shaft. The power transmission mechanism includes an outer casing fixed to the side of the shaft away from the housing. The side of the outer casing away from the worm gear is open. A sealing ring, which is slidably and rotatably connected to the shaft, is slidably and rotatably connected to the opening of the outer casing. A plurality of guide rods, evenly spaced circumferentially distributed, are fixed to the sealing ring. The shaft has a sliding groove in which the guide rods slide. The outer casing, the sealing ring, and the outer surface of the shaft form a pressure regulating cavity. A pressure regulating component for limiting the sealing ring is provided on the side of the outer casing away from the worm gear. The output shaft has a limiting mechanism located within the housing, which self-locks the output shaft when the input shaft stops rotating.

[0007] Preferably, the groove is wavy in shape, and the number of bends in the groove is twice the number of guide rods.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure regulating assembly includes a rotating ring rotatably connected to the outer shell and the rotating shaft. The rotating ring is located within the pressure regulating cavity. The rotating ring has several through holes. The outer shell has two air holes on the side away from the sealing ring. One air hole contains a one-way valve for introducing air into the pressure regulating cavity, and the other air hole contains a solenoid valve. The rotating ring is fixedly connected to slide rods that are circumferentially equidistant and have the same number as the guide rods. The slide rods are slidably connected to the corresponding guide rods. Each of the circumferentially equidistant guide rods is fixedly connected to the rotating ring with a spring.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting mechanism includes a sleeve, which is rotatably connected to one end of the output shaft near the rotating shaft. A torsion spring is provided between the sleeve and the output shaft. A plurality of circumferentially spaced blocking plates are fixed to the side of the sleeve near the rotating shaft, and the guide rod is located on the rotation path of the blocking plates.

[0010] Preferably, the elastic coefficients of the circumferentially distributed springs are all smaller than the elastic coefficients of the torsion springs.

[0011] Preferably, a locking assembly is provided at the center of the outer side of the output shaft. The locking assembly is used to restrict the rotation of the output shaft. The locking assembly includes a sliding sleeve slidably connected to the outer side of the output shaft. The sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a plurality of connecting frames distributed circumferentially at equal intervals. The connecting frames are fixedly connected to limit frames. A circumferentially distributed limiting plate is provided on the side of the housing near the output shaft. The circumferentially distributed limiting plate is used to limit the circumferentially distributed limiting frames. A plurality of circumferentially distributed guide grooves are provided on the outer side of the sleeve. A plurality of circumferentially distributed protruding balls are provided on the sliding sleeve. The guide grooves correspond one-to-one with the protruding balls of the sliding sleeve. The protruding balls of the sliding sleeve slide within the corresponding guide grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the guide groove is V-shaped, surrounding the outside of the sleeve, and the opening of the guide groove faces the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, both the limiting frame and the limiting plate are provided with guide slopes on the sides that are close to each other.

[0014] Preferably, the axial overlap between the limiting frame and the adjacent limiting plate is less than the axial length of the guide groove.

[0015] This invention has the following advantages: By combining a planetary reducer with a worm gear reducer, a composite reducer is formed. This reduces the self-locking disadvantage of planetary reducers and the low efficiency of worm gear reducers. Furthermore, it performs secondary reduction, increasing the transmission ratio while reducing the overall size of the device, thus improving the reducer's efficiency and safety. During operation (input shaft rotation), the reducer relies on the worm gear and worm for reverse self-locking. When the reducer stops working (input shaft stops rotating), it self-locks the output shaft. Simultaneously, it reduces the compressive force between the worm gear and worm, allowing stable load control solely through the output shaft without the need for the worm gear and worm, ensuring stable operation and reducing maintenance frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the worm and worm wheel of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the power transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the pressure regulating mechanism of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting frame and limiting plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the connecting frame and the limiting frame of the present invention.

[0024] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Housing, 2. Input shaft, 3. Sun gear, 4. External gear ring, 5. Planet gear, 6. Planet carrier, 7. Worm gear, 8. Rotating shaft, 801. Slide groove, 9. Worm gear, 10. Output shaft, 11. Outer housing, 1101. Pressure regulating chamber, 12. Sealing ring, 13. Guide rod, 14. Rotating ring, 15. Slide rod, 16. Spring, 17. Sleeve, 1701. Guide groove, 18. Torsion spring, 19. Blocking plate, 20. Slide sleeve, 21. Connecting frame, 22. Limiting frame, 23. Limiting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: A hollow composite planetary reducer, such as... Figures 1-7 As shown, the device includes a housing 1. An input shaft 2 is rotatably connected through the front right side of the housing 1. A sun gear 3 is fixed to one end of the input shaft 2. An external gear ring 4, coaxially positioned with the sun gear 3, is installed inside the housing 1. To ensure the stability of power transmission between the sun gear 3, planet gears 5, and the external gear ring 4, three circumferentially evenly spaced planet gears 5 mesh between the external gear ring 4 and the sun gear 3. The three planet gears 5 are rotatably connected to a planet carrier 6. Because the external gear ring 4 is fixed inside the housing 1, when the input shaft 2 drives the sun gear 3 to rotate, the three planet gears 5 rotate synchronously around the sun gear 3. The planetary gears 5 rotate in the same direction as the sun gear 3 around the input shaft 2, but the final rotational speed of the three planetary gears 5 is lower than that of the sun gear 3. The planet carrier 6 is fixedly connected to the worm gear 7, which is rotatably connected to the housing 1. The worm gear 7 coincides with the central axis of the input shaft 2. The housing 1 is rotatably connected to the shaft 8, which is spatially perpendicular to the axial direction of the worm gear 7. The worm gear 7 is placed back and forth, and the shaft 8 is placed left and right. A support frame for supporting the shaft 8 is provided inside the housing 1. The support frame of the housing 1 is rotatably connected to the shaft 8. The shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the worm wheel 9, which meshes with the worm gear 7. The shaft 8 is provided with an output shaft 10, which is rotatably connected to the housing 1.

[0027] This speed reducer combines a planetary speed reducer with a worm gear reducer to form a composite speed reducer. This solves both the self-locking problem of planetary speed reducers and the low efficiency of the worm gear (9) and worm (7), and performs secondary speed reduction. While increasing the transmission ratio, it reduces the overall size of the device, improving efficiency and safety. Furthermore, the speed reducer housing 1 contains a large amount of hollow space, facilitating lubricant flow and wiring layout. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the output shaft 10. The specific working principle when using this device for speed reduction transmission is as follows: The operator connects the power unit to the input shaft 2, which drives the sun gear 3 to rotate. Because the external gear ring 4 limits the rotation of the three planetary gears 5 and does not rotate itself, the three planetary gears 5 will rotate circumferentially around the sun gear 3. The direction of rotation of the three planetary gears 5 around the sun gear 3 is the same as that of the input shaft 2. The three planetary gears 5 rotate in the same direction. The planetary carrier 6 drives the worm 7 to rotate. At this time, the speed of the worm 7 is lower than the speed of the input shaft 2, which achieves the effect of deceleration. Subsequently, the worm 7 drives the rotating shaft 8 to rotate through the worm wheel 9. The rotating shaft 8 drives the output shaft 10 to rotate. The speed of the output shaft 10 is lower than the speed of the worm 7, which further reduces the power transmission speed and achieves the effect of two-stage speed change. Finally, the power is transmitted through the output shaft 10. When the device is not needed for speed change, the operator stops the power device. The input shaft 2 stops rotating and the output shaft 10 stops outputting. For this device, especially when there is a load on the output shaft 10, the self-locking characteristics of the worm wheel 9 and the worm 7 ensure that the load on the output shaft 10 remains stable after the input shaft 2 stops rotating (for example, the lifting hook of a crane suspends the load, and after the lifting is completed, the heavy object is suspended to prevent it from falling).

[0028] Example 2 discloses a hollow composite planetary reducer. This example mainly refers to... Figure 2 The directions shown, and Figure 2 The rotation direction shown in the right view is based on Embodiment 1, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, it also includes a power transmission mechanism, which is located between the rotating shaft 8 and the output shaft 10. The power transmission mechanism is used to transmit the rotation of the rotating shaft 8 to the output shaft 10 to ensure continuous power output. The power transmission mechanism includes an outer shell 11, which is fixed to the right side of the rotating shaft 8. The right side of the outer shell 11 is open. A sealing ring 12, which is slidably and rotatably connected to the right side of the outer shell 11 and is slidably and rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 8, is also provided. The sealing ring 12 dynamically seals the rotating shaft 8 and the outer shell 11. Three guide rods 13, which are circumferentially and equally spaced, are fixed to the right side of the sealing ring 12. A groove 801 is provided on the right side of the rotating shaft 8. A protrusion is provided in the middle of the guide rods 13. The protrusions of the three guide rods 13 slide within the groove 801. The groove 801 is wavy in shape and has six bends, namely three bends on the left and three bends on the right. In the initial state, the protrusion of the guide rod 13 is located on the adjacent right-side bend of the slide groove 801. The outer shell 11, the sealing ring 12, and the outer surface of the rotating shaft 8 form a pressure regulating cavity 1101. A pressure regulating component for limiting the sealing ring 12 is provided on the right side of the outer shell 11. The pressure regulating component ensures the position of the sealing ring 12, so that the protrusion of the guide rod 13 is located on the right-side bend of the slide groove 801, preventing the guide rod 13 from rotating relative to the rotating shaft 8 during normal transmission. The output shaft 10 is provided with a limiting mechanism located in the housing. The limiting mechanism is used to self-lock the output shaft 10 when the input shaft 2 stops rotating. When the reducer stops working and the output shaft 10 is under load, it reduces or even eliminates the squeezing force between the worm gear 9 and the worm 7, so that the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 are in a disengaged state (meaning that the teeth on the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 are no longer squeezing), ensuring the power transmission between the worm gear 9 and the worm 7.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressure regulating assembly includes a rotating ring 14, which is rotatably connected to the inner side of the outer shell 11 and the outer side of the rotating shaft 8. The rotating ring 14 is located inside the pressure regulating chamber 1101. The rotating ring 14 is provided with several through holes to balance the pressure on the left and right sides of the rotating ring 14 inside the pressure regulating chamber 1101. The outer shell 11 is provided with two air holes on the left side. The upper air hole of the outer shell 11 is provided with a one-way valve for only allowing air to enter the pressure regulating chamber 1101. The lower air hole of the outer shell 11 is provided with a solenoid valve. The rotating ring 14 is fixedly connected with three circumferentially spaced sliding rods 15. The sliding rods 15 are slidably connected with the corresponding guide rods 13. Each of the three guide rods 13 is fixedly connected with a spring 16 between it and the rotating ring 14. The spring 16 is used to maintain the position of the sealing ring 12 inside the outer shell 11.

[0030] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the limiting mechanism includes a sleeve 17, which is rotatably connected to the left end of the output shaft 10. A torsion spring 18 is provided between the sleeve 17 and the left end of the output shaft 10. The elastic coefficients of the three springs 16 are all less than the elastic coefficients of the torsion spring 18. Three circumferentially evenly spaced blocking plates 19 are fixed to the left side of the sleeve 17. In the initial state, the guide rod 13 is located on the rotation path of the blocking plate 19. The three guide rods 13 rotate clockwise and squeeze the adjacent blocking plates 19 to drive the sleeve 17 to rotate clockwise.

[0031] like Figure 4 and Figures 6-8 As shown, a locking assembly is provided in the middle of the outer side of the output shaft 10. The locking assembly is used to restrict the rotation of the output shaft 10. The locking assembly includes a sliding sleeve 20 slidably connected to the left side of the output shaft 10. The sliding sleeve 20 is fixedly connected to six connecting frames 21 that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The connecting frames 21 are fixedly connected to limit frames 22. A circumferentially distributed limit plate 23 is provided on the right side inside the housing 1. The circumferentially distributed limit plate 23 is used to limit the circumferentially distributed limit frame 22. The sides of the limit frame 22 and the limit plate 23 that are close to each other are provided with guide slopes. Three circumferentially distributed guide grooves 1701 are provided on the outer side of the sleeve 17. The left side of the inner surface of the sliding sleeve 20 is provided with circumferentially distributed guide grooves 1701. The three convex balls of the cloth correspond one-to-one with the convex balls of the sliding sleeve 20 in the guide groove 1701. The convex balls of the sliding sleeve 20 slide in the adjacent guide groove 1701. During the rotation of the sleeve 17, the sleeve 17 drives the sliding sleeve 20 to move laterally through the guide groove 1701 on it. The guide groove 1701 is V-shaped around the outside of the sleeve 17. The opening of the V-shape of the guide groove 1701 faces to the left and the bending part faces to the right. The axial overlap of the limiting frame 22 and the adjacent limiting plate 23 is less than the axial length of the guide groove 1701. When the limiting frame 22 moves to the left and no longer contacts the adjacent limiting plate 23, the convex balls of the sliding sleeve 20 are not at the leftmost position of the adjacent guide groove 1701.

[0032] The initial state of this reducer is as follows: Figure 2 The states shown, and in this embodiment, are all in the form of Figure 2 The direction is used as a reference direction, with Figure 2The direction of the right view is the rotation direction (for the rotating shaft 8 and the output shaft 10 and the parts on them). Although this reducer utilizes the self-locking characteristics of the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 to prevent the power of the output shaft 10 from being transmitted back to the input shaft 2, its self-locking principle relies on the interlocking and meshing of the teeth between the worm gear 9 and the worm 7. For example, if the worm gear 9 rotates clockwise, it will exert a backward pushing force on the worm 7 by squeezing the teeth on the worm 7. Since the worm 7 cannot move back and forth, the worm gear 9 cannot rotate. The same principle applies when the worm gear 9 rotates in the opposite direction. However, for some devices that use reducers, the reducer needs to self-lock for a long time (such as cranes or mechanical grippers, etc., which need to maintain a fixed state for a long time). Prolonged self-locking will cause the teeth on the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 to be squeezed for a long time, reducing the strength of the teeth on the worm gear 9 and the worm 7. In high-temperature environments, this can even lead to deformation, breakage, and other serious problems, affecting the worm gear 9 and the worm 7. To ensure the smoothness of power transmission, this embodiment ultimately aims to reduce or even eliminate the compressive force between the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 when the reducer stops working and the output shaft 10 is under load. This allows the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 to be in a disengaged state (meaning the teeth on the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 are no longer compressing), thereby increasing the service life of the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 and ensuring power transmission between them. The two states of this reducer are summarized as follows: In the working state (input shaft 2 rotates), the reducer relies on the worm gear 9 and the worm 7 for reverse self-locking. When the reducer stops working (input shaft 2 stops rotating), it self-locks the output shaft 10 and reduces the compressive force between the worm gear 9 and the worm 7. This allows the output shaft 10 to stably control the load without the need for the worm gear 9 and the worm 7, thus increasing their service life, ensuring stable operation of the reducer, and reducing maintenance frequency.

[0033] In the initial state, when the limiting frame 22 is pressed against the corresponding limiting plate 23, the limiting frame 22 cannot rotate. At the same time, the connecting frame 21, the sliding sleeve 20, and the output shaft 10 cannot rotate. Taking the upper guide rod 13 as an example, at this time, the lower side of the guide rod 13 is located at the bend on the upper side of the slide groove 801, while the pressure regulating cavity 1101 is in a sealed state, and the sealing ring 12 cannot move (laterally). The lower side of the guide rod 13 will always be located at the bend on the right side of the slide groove 801. When the input shaft 2 rotates, the power is transmitted to the rotating shaft 8. Taking the clockwise rotation of the rotating shaft 8 as an example... The rotating shaft 8 drives the three guide rods 13 to rotate clockwise through the limiting of the sliding groove 801 (if the guide rods 13 rotate relative to the rotating shaft 8, the guide rods 13 need to move along the sliding groove 801, but at this time the guide rods 13 are limited, so the guide rods 13 cannot rotate relative to the rotating shaft 8, so the rotating shaft 8 drives the guide rods 13 to rotate synchronously). The three guide rods 13 drive the sealing ring 12 to rotate clockwise, the three guide rods 13 drive the three sliding rods 15 to rotate clockwise, the three sliding rods 15 drive the rotating ring 14 to rotate clockwise, and the rotating shaft 8 drives the outer shell 11 to rotate clockwise. During the clockwise rotation of the three guide rods 13, the three guide rods 13 press against the adjacent blocking plates 19 and drive the sleeve 17 to rotate clockwise. At this time, since the output shaft 10 cannot rotate, the torsion spring 18 stores force, and the sleeve 17 rotates clockwise relative to the output shaft 10. The three guide grooves 1701 of the sleeve 17 drive the sliding sleeve 20 to move to the left through the three convex balls of the sliding sleeve 20. The sliding sleeve 20 drives the limiting frame 22 to move to the left through the connecting frame 21. When the convex balls of the sleeve 17 move to the leftmost side of the guide groove 1701, the torsion spring 18... When the power storage stops (torsion spring 18 has not reached its maximum storage state), the limit bracket 22 moves out from the two adjacent limit plates 23, the limit of the connecting bracket 21 and the sliding sleeve 20 is released, and the limit of the output shaft 10 is released at the same time. The sleeve 17 drives the sliding sleeve 20 to rotate clockwise through the limit of the guide groove 1701. The sliding sleeve 20 drives the output shaft 10 to rotate clockwise. The sleeve 17 and the output shaft 10 rotate clockwise synchronously. Since the input shaft 2 continuously inputs power, the torsion spring 18 is always in the storage state. Finally, the output shaft 10 outputs power.

[0034] When the input shaft 2 stops rotating, the operator opens the solenoid valve of the air vent on the lower side of the outer casing 11. At this time, neither the rotating shaft 8 nor the output shaft 10 can rotate. Since the elastic coefficient of the spring 16 is less than that of the torsion spring 18, the torsion spring 18, which is in a stored state, resets. The torsion spring 18 drives the sleeve 17 to rotate counterclockwise relative to the output shaft 10. The sleeve 17 drives the three guide rods 13 to rotate counterclockwise through the three baffle plates 19. The three guide rods 13 drive the sealing ring 12 to rotate counterclockwise. The three guide rods 13 drive the rotating ring 14 to rotate counterclockwise through the three slide rods 15. Taking the upper guide rod 13 as an example, the lower side of the guide rod 13 moves to the left during the counterclockwise rotation under the guidance of the slide groove 801. The guide rod 13 drives the sealing ring 12 to move to the left. The sealing ring 12 rotates counterclockwise and slides to the left. The spring 16 is compressed. The sealing ring 12 allows some of the gas in the pressure regulating chamber 1101 to pass through the lower side of the outer casing 11. As the guide rod 13 moves to the left, it gradually disengages from the limit of the baffle plate 19. When the right side of the guide rod 13 and the left side of the baffle plate 19 are in the same axial position, the operator closes the solenoid valve in the lower air hole of the outer casing 11. The limit between the guide rod 13 and the baffle plate 19 is released, and the guide rod 13 no longer moves to the left. Subsequently, the sleeve 17 still drives the baffle plate 19 to rotate counterclockwise. When the left side of the baffle plate 19 no longer contacts the right side of the guide rod 13, the spring 16 resets and drives the guide rod 13 to move to the right. The guide rod 13 is inserted between the two baffle plates 19. The guide rod 13 drives the sealing ring 12 to move to the right and rotate clockwise. The outer gas enters the pressure regulating chamber 1101 through the air hole on the upper side of the outer casing 11 (the one-way valve in the air hole on the upper side of the outer casing 11 is in the open state). When the spring 16 resets, the position of the guide rod 13 and the rotating shaft 8 is restored (as shown in the image). Figure 5 (As shown).

[0035] During the counterclockwise rotation of sleeve 17 relative to output shaft 10, the guide groove 1701 of sleeve 17 drives the sliding sleeve 20 to move to the right via the convex ball of sliding sleeve 20. The sliding sleeve 20 drives the limiting frame 22 to move to the right via connecting frame 21. The limiting frame 22 gradually inserts between the two limiting plates 23. Since the limiting frame 22 and the limiting plate 23 are provided with guide slopes on the side that are close to each other, it is convenient for the limiting frame 22 to insert between the two adjacent limiting plates 23. Moreover, the limiting frame 22 slides in the arc groove of the adjacent connecting frame 21, which further increases the range of motion of the limiting frame 22 and ensures that the limiting frame 22 smoothly enters between the adjacent limiting plates 23. During the counterclockwise rotation of sleeve 17 relative to output shaft 10, torsion spring 18 quickly resets, and the limiting frame 22 cannot rotate due to the limitation of the limiting plate 23. Therefore, the load of output shaft 10 cannot make it rotate. When torsion spring 18 resets, sleeve 17 no longer rotates counterclockwise, and the state is as follows. Figure 6As shown, the output shaft 10 is locked at this time, and the load borne by the output shaft 10 is applied to the housing 1 through the limiting plate 23, rather than to the worm gear 9 and worm 7, thereby reducing the stress on the teeth of the worm gear 9 and worm 7. If the input shaft 2 rotates in the opposite direction, the above steps are repeated. Due to the wave-shaped design of the slide groove 801, the rotating shaft 8 can drive the sleeve 17 to rotate in both forward and reverse directions, and the guide groove 1701 is V-shaped to synchronously adapt to the situation of the rotating shaft 8 reversing.

[0036] This speed reducer is mainly used in lifting equipment and other equipment that do not require precise control or height adjustment to ensure normal operation of the speed reducer and reduce maintenance frequency.

[0037] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A hollow composite planetary reducer, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), an input shaft (2) rotatably connected through the housing (1), a sun gear (3) fixedly connected to one end of the input shaft (2), an external gear ring (4) with the sun gear (3) in the same axial position installed inside the housing (1), at least three planet gears (5) with equal circumferential spacing meshing between the external gear ring (4) and the sun gear (3), a planet carrier (6) rotatably connected to all the planet gears (5), a worm gear (7) rotatably connected to the housing (1) and a rotating shaft (8) rotatably connected to the housing (1) and perpendicular to the axial direction of the worm gear (7), a worm wheel (9) meshing with the worm gear (7) and an output shaft (10) rotatably connected to the housing (1). It also includes a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the rotating shaft (8) to the output shaft (10). The power transmission mechanism includes an outer shell (11), which is fixed to the side of the rotating shaft (8) away from the housing (1). The side of the outer shell (11) away from the worm gear (9) is open. A sealing ring (12) that is slidably and rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (8) is slidably and rotatably connected to the opening of the outer shell (11). The sealing ring (12) is fixed to a plurality of guide rods (1) that are circumferentially and equally spaced. 3) The rotating shaft (8) is provided with a sliding groove (801), and a plurality of the guide rods (13) slide in the sliding groove (801). The outer shell (11), the sealing ring (12), and the outer surface of the rotating shaft (8) form a pressure regulating cavity (1101). The outer shell (11) is provided with a pressure regulating component for limiting the sealing ring (12) on the side away from the worm gear (9). The output shaft (10) is provided with a limiting mechanism located in the housing (1). The limiting mechanism is used to self-lock the output shaft (10) when the input shaft (2) stops rotating. The limiting mechanism includes a sleeve (17), which is rotatably connected to one end of the output shaft (10) near the rotating shaft (8). A torsion spring (18) is provided between the sleeve (17) and the output shaft (10). A plurality of circumferentially evenly spaced blocking plates (19) are fixed to the side of the sleeve (17) near the rotating shaft (8). The guide rod (13) is located on the rotation path of the blocking plates (19). A locking assembly is provided at the middle of the outer side of the output shaft (10). The locking assembly is used to restrict the rotation of the output shaft (10). The locking assembly includes a sliding sleeve (20) slidably connected to the outer side of the output shaft (10). The sliding sleeve (20) is fixedly connected to a plurality of connecting frames (21) distributed circumferentially at equal intervals. The connecting frames (21) are fixedly connected to limit frames (22). A circumferentially distributed limit plate (23) is provided on the side of the housing (1) near the output shaft (10). The circumferentially distributed limit plate (23) is used to limit the circumferentially distributed limit frame (22). A plurality of circumferentially distributed guide grooves (1701) are provided on the outer side of the sleeve (17). A plurality of circumferentially distributed convex balls are provided on the sliding sleeve (20). The guide grooves (1701) correspond one-to-one with the convex balls of the sliding sleeve (20). The convex balls of the sliding sleeve (20) are limited and slid within the corresponding guide grooves (1701).

2. The hollow composite planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The groove (801) is wavy in shape, and the number of bends in the groove (801) is twice the number of guide rods (13).

3. The hollow composite planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure regulating assembly includes a rotating ring (14), which is rotatably connected to the outer shell (11) and the rotating shaft (8). The rotating ring (14) is located inside the pressure regulating cavity (1101). The rotating ring (14) is provided with several through holes. The outer shell (11) is provided with two air holes on the side away from the sealing ring (12). One air hole is provided with a one-way valve for only allowing air to enter the pressure regulating cavity (1101), and the other air hole is provided with a solenoid valve. The rotating ring (14) is fixedly connected with slide rods (15) that are circumferentially spaced and have the same number as the guide rods (13). The slide rods (15) are slidably connected to the corresponding guide rods (13). The guide rods (13) that are circumferentially spaced are all fixedly connected with springs (16) between them and the rotating ring (14).

4. The hollow composite planetary reducer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic coefficients of the circumferentially distributed springs (16) are all smaller than the elastic coefficients of the torsion springs (18).

5. A hollow composite planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide groove (1701) is V-shaped, surrounding the outside of the sleeve (17), and the opening of the guide groove (1701) faces the rotating shaft (8).

6. The hollow composite planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting frame (22) and the limiting plate (23) are both provided with guide slopes on the side that are close to each other.

7. A hollow composite planetary reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial overlap between the limiting frame (22) and the adjacent limiting plate (23) is less than the axial length of the guide groove (1701).

Images