A method for monitoring the aquatic environment in waterway areas based on micro-element analysis

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of water environment monitoring technology, specifically disclosing a method for monitoring the water environment in waterway areas based on micro-element analysis, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Dividing the waterway area and setting up monitoring points, acquiring water element data, and identifying specific micro-elements through monitoring interval analysis; Step S2: Combining ship navigation data, identifying target ships and their expected arrival times, collecting current element data when the ship departs, acquiring the latest data at preset detection time nodes, calculating time intervals to generate actual diffusion data, and capturing the instantaneous impact of ship pollution; Step S3: Correcting diffusion model parameters based on actual diffusion data, simulating the pollutant diffusion process, predicting the equilibrium time, and finally judging environmental anomalies through water quality data to achieve dynamic pollution early warning; This invention combines ship activity timing with micro-element monitoring, improving the timeliness and accuracy of waterway pollution tracking through dynamic modeling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment monitoring technology, specifically to a method for monitoring the water environment in waterway areas based on micro-element analysis. Background Technology

[0002] Water quality monitoring in waterway areas is a crucial step in ensuring navigation safety, environmental protection, and ecological health. Because waterway water is affected by various factors such as shipping activity, industrial emissions, and agricultural non-point source pollution, the content and methods of monitoring need to be more systematic and scientific.

[0003] In the current process of water environment monitoring in waterway areas, the common method is to collect water samples at specific sampling points and test the concentration of trace elements (such as heavy metals and nutrients) in these samples, which serves as the basis for judging whether the water is abnormal.

[0004] However, this method has a significant limitation in practical implementation: the water in the waterway area is dynamically changing, especially in areas frequently traversed by ships. Ship activity can have a temporary but significant impact on the concentration of trace elements in the water at the sampling point. Specifically, ship movement agitates the water, causing trace elements in sediments to be resuspended. Simultaneously, exhaust gases, waste oil, and metallic substances from ship corrosion can directly enter the water, all of which can alter the trace element composition of the water at the sampling point in the short term. Furthermore, the rotation of ship propellers and the movement of the ship create localized turbulence, further exacerbating water mixing and uneven distribution of trace elements. Therefore, if water samples are collected immediately after a ship passes by, the detected trace element concentration may not accurately reflect the natural state of the water in that area, but rather be an instantaneous value affected by human activity. This transient impact caused by ship activity often leads to biased monitoring results and even misjudgments of whether the water body is abnormal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for monitoring the aquatic environment in waterway areas based on micro-element analysis, thereby solving the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for monitoring the aquatic environment in waterway areas based on micro-element analysis includes the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Divide the waterway area and set up several monitoring points in the waterway area. The monitoring points are used to obtain elemental data of the water body at the monitoring points; set up a monitoring interval and obtain reference data within the monitoring interval through the monitoring points; and obtain specific micro-elements based on the reference data.

[0009] Step S2: Obtain stations within the waterway area, identify the target vessel at each station, and obtain the estimated arrival time of the target vessel; obtain the detection time node and the current time to obtain the analysis time period;

[0010] Within the analysis period, the latest target vessel is determined, and its current departure time is obtained. At the current departure time, the current element data is obtained. When the detection time node is reached, the data to be detected and the latest element data are obtained. The time interval between the current departure time and the detection time node is obtained to obtain the actual diffusion data.

[0011] Step S3: Establish a diffusion simulation model, correct the parameters of the diffusion simulation model using the actual diffusion data, obtain the equilibrium time based on the corrected diffusion simulation model, obtain water quality data, and determine whether the water environment is abnormal based on the water quality data.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the elemental data includes all microelements and microelement concentrations; the reference data is elemental data obtained at each departure time of the monitoring point within the monitoring interval, wherein the departure time is the time when the ship passes the monitoring point.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of dividing to obtain special micro-elements includes:

[0014] Obtain the total number of departure times within the monitoring interval, and obtain the number of times each micro-element appears in the element data collected at each departure time, to obtain the frequency of each micro-element f=n / N, where n is the number of times the micro-element appears and N is the total number of departure times;

[0015] A frequency threshold is set. If the frequency of occurrence of the micro-element exceeds the frequency threshold, the micro-element is recorded as a regular micro-element; otherwise, the micro-element is recorded as a special micro-element.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of obtaining the estimated arrival time of the target vessel includes:

[0017] The detection range of the station is obtained. When a ship enters the detection range, the station obtains the ship's preset travel route. The midpoint of the position coordinates of each monitoring point is obtained. If the preset travel route passes through the midpoint, the ship is recorded as the target ship. The ship's travel data is obtained. The timestamp when the ship reaches the midpoint is predicted based on the travel data and recorded as the estimated arrival time. The travel data includes the ship's position coordinates and travel speed.

[0018] As a further aspect of the present invention: the detection time node is the moment when the water environment quality is detected, the analysis time period is the time period consisting of the detection time node and the current time; the latest target vessel is the target vessel with the latest expected arrival time, the current departure time is the departure time of the latest target vessel, and the current element data is the concentration of specific trace elements at each monitoring point at the current departure time.

[0019] The data to be detected is the elemental data of the monitoring point obtained at the time of the detection; the latest elemental data is the specific micro-element concentration at each monitoring point at the time of the detection; the actual diffusion data includes the time interval, the current elemental data, and the latest elemental data.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of establishing the diffusion simulation model includes:

[0021] Acquire water body data, including hydrological data, pollution source data, and topographic data. The hydrological data includes water flow velocity, flow rate, water depth, and water temperature. The pollution source data includes the location of the pollution source's discharge point, discharge volume, and discharge frequency. The topographic data includes river channel morphology, underwater topography, and shoreline distribution. Based on the convection-diffusion equation and the water body data, establish a diffusion simulation model.

[0022] As a further aspect of the present invention: the equilibrium moment is the moment when the concentration distribution of trace elements in the water body reaches a stable state.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention: the process of obtaining the water quality data includes:

[0024] The revised diffusion simulation model obtains diffusion information of all microelements in the water body based on the actual diffusion data. The diffusion information is the concentration distribution of microelements and their variation with time and space. The equilibrium time is obtained based on the diffusion information, and the element data at each monitoring point at the equilibrium time are obtained.

[0025] For any micro-element, the average concentration of the micro-element at each monitoring point is obtained and recorded as the average concentration of the micro-element; the average concentration of all micro-elements is obtained and recorded as water quality data.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention correlates real-time arrival and departure times of target vessels with their navigation data, collecting micro-element data at key time points (such as when a vessel departs or at the detection time). This directly captures the instantaneous pollution impact of vessel activity on water bodies (such as Cu and Zn released from antifouling paint), avoiding misjudgments caused by time misalignment in traditional static sampling. It distinguishes between common and special micro-elements (such as TBT unique to ship emissions) based on frequency thresholds, focusing on highly correlated pollutants and improving monitoring specificity. Furthermore, among all micro-elements generated after a vessel passes, the number of special micro-elements is often relatively small; by monitoring the diffusion of special micro-elements, the concentration of common elements can be inferred. By analyzing the diffusion patterns, the computational process can be reduced, improving efficiency. A physical model based on convection-diffusion equations is constructed by combining hydrological data (flow velocity, water depth), pollution source data (emission location), and topographic data to quantify the pollutant transport process. Real-time correction of model parameters using actual diffusion data (time intervals, concentration changes) improves prediction accuracy. Furthermore, this invention simulates the time point at which pollutants diffuse to a stable state, eliminating the impact of brief disturbances from ships and obtaining water quality data reflecting the natural background, thus avoiding false positive alarms caused by ship agitation and emissions. The average concentration of microelements at each point is calculated to reduce interference from local turbulence or sampling bias.

[0028] This invention solves the problem of misjudgment caused by ship interference in waterway water body monitoring through the whole chain technology of "ship time sequence - dynamic monitoring - model correction", and realizes accurate pollution source tracing, realistic water quality assessment and automated response decision-making. It is applicable to sensitive areas such as ports and inland waterways with high ship density. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for monitoring the aquatic environment in waterways based on micro-element analysis, as proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 As shown, this invention is a method for monitoring the aquatic environment in waterway areas based on micro-element analysis, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step S1: Divide the water body into navigation channel areas, and set up several monitoring points in the navigation channel areas. The monitoring points are used to acquire elemental data of the water body at the monitoring points. The elemental data includes all microelements and microelement concentrations. Set up monitoring intervals, and acquire elemental data at each departure time of the monitoring points within the monitoring intervals to obtain reference data. The departure time is the time when the ship passes the monitoring point. Based on the reference data, classify all microelements into conventional microelements and special microelements.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waterway area is formed by the historical trajectories of ships, and the historical ships are all ships that have previously sailed through the water body;

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of monitoring points is greater than or equal to two, and the monitoring interval is a time period for collecting reference data based on a manual setting. The reference data is the elemental data collected in the monitoring interval for classifying micro-elements.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of dividing all micro-elements includes:

[0037] Obtain the total number of departure times within the monitoring interval, and obtain the number of times each micro-element appears in the element data collected at each departure time, to obtain the frequency of each micro-element f=n / N, where n is the number of times the micro-element appears and N is the total number of departure times;

[0038] A frequency threshold is set. If the frequency of occurrence of the micro-element exceeds the frequency threshold, the micro-element is recorded as a regular micro-element; otherwise, the micro-element is recorded as a special micro-element.

[0039] It should be noted that step S1 is based on the correlation between ship activity and fluctuations in trace element concentration. Ship navigation can stir up sediments and release antifouling paint components (such as Cu and Zn) or fuel residues (Ni and V), causing a temporary increase in the concentration of specific trace elements in the water. By analyzing the frequency of occurrence of trace elements in historical monitoring data, conventional trace elements (stable background values, such as Ca and Mg) and special trace elements (sensitive to ship activity, such as Cu and TBT) are distinguished, and a pollution characteristic database is established.

[0040] By screening out specific micro-elements that are strongly correlated with ship activities (such as Cu in antifouling paint), redundant monitoring of irrelevant elements can be avoided, thus improving efficiency. After distinguishing between conventional and specific micro-elements, interference from natural fluctuations (such as As released by geology) can be eliminated, and the focus can be placed on anthropogenic pollution sources (such as ship emissions).

[0041] Step S2: Obtain the stations within the waterway area, identify the target vessel at each station, and obtain the estimated arrival time of the target vessel; obtain the detection time node, which is the moment when the water environment quality is detected; and obtain the current time, and obtain the analysis time period based on the current time and the detection time node.

[0042] Within the analysis period, the target vessel with the latest expected arrival time is obtained and recorded as the latest target vessel; the departure time of the latest target vessel is obtained and recorded as the current departure time; at the current departure time, the concentration of special trace elements at the monitoring point is obtained through the monitoring point, and the concentration of special trace elements at each monitoring point at the current departure time is recorded as the current element data.

[0043] When the detection time node is reached, the element data of the monitoring point at this time is obtained through the monitoring point and recorded as the data to be detected; the concentration of special micro elements in the data to be detected is obtained, and the concentration of special micro elements at each monitoring point at the detection time node is recorded as the latest element data; and the time interval between the current departure time and the detection time node is obtained. Based on the time interval, the current element data and the latest element data, the actual diffusion data is obtained.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of obtaining the estimated arrival time of the target vessel includes:

[0045] The detection range of the station is obtained. When a ship enters the detection range, the station obtains the ship's preset travel route. The midpoint of the position coordinates of each monitoring point is obtained. If the preset travel route passes through the midpoint, the ship is recorded as the target ship. The ship's travel data is obtained, and the timestamp when the ship reaches the midpoint is predicted based on the travel data and recorded as the estimated arrival time. The travel data includes the ship's position coordinates and travel speed.

[0046] It should be noted that by using AIS (Automatic Identification System) data to locate the target vessel's navigation data and combining the estimated arrival time and departure time, the instantaneous pollution impact of the vessel's activities on the water body can be accurately captured; by comparing the changes in micro-element concentrations (current element data → latest element data) at the time of the vessel's departure (pollution starting point) with the detection time point, and combining the time interval, the actual diffusion rate and decay law of the pollutants can be calculated.

[0047] Data is collected at the moment when ship pollution is most significant (when the ship departs), avoiding missed detections or misjudgments caused by time lag in traditional static sampling; actual diffusion data is generated by time intervals and concentration changes (such as Cu dropping from peak value to background value), providing real parameters (such as turbulent diffusion coefficient) for subsequent model correction.

[0048] Step S3: Establish a diffusion simulation model, correct the parameters of the diffusion simulation model using the actual diffusion data, and obtain the equilibrium time of microelements in the water body based on the corrected diffusion simulation model.

[0049] Based on the data to be detected and the corrected diffusion simulation model, the concentration of each micro-element at the monitoring point at the equilibrium time is obtained, and the water quality data is obtained. Based on the water quality data, it is determined whether the water environment is abnormal.

[0050] It is worth noting that among all the trace elements produced after a ship passes by, the number of special trace elements is often relatively small, while the number of conventional trace elements is relatively large and more common. By focusing on monitoring the diffusion of special trace elements, we can better understand the dynamic changes of these trace elements with special sources or behavioral characteristics in the water.

[0051] Because the number of special microelements is relatively small, the amount of data and computational complexity involved in monitoring and analyzing their diffusion are relatively low. Through in-depth research on special microelements, we can discover the possible connections or commonalities between their diffusion patterns and those of conventional microelements. For example, the diffusion patterns of some special microelements may be affected by specific hydrological conditions or pollution sources, and these effects may also affect conventional microelements.

[0052] When determining whether the aquatic environment is abnormal, water quality data is analyzed. If the diffusion of special trace elements is within the expected normal range (based on historical data and model predictions), it can be indirectly inferred that the diffusion of conventional trace elements is also normal. This reduces the need for comprehensive monitoring and calculation of the diffusion of all trace elements and improves the efficiency of overall monitoring.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of establishing the diffusion simulation model includes:

[0054] Acquire water body data, including hydrological data, pollution source data, and topographic data. The hydrological data includes water flow velocity, flow rate, water depth, and water temperature. The pollution source data includes the location of the pollution source's discharge point, discharge volume, and discharge frequency. The topographic data includes river channel morphology, underwater topography, and shoreline distribution. Based on the convection-diffusion equation and the water body data, establish a diffusion simulation model.

[0055] It should be noted that the convection-diffusion equation is a mathematical model that describes the simultaneous effects of convection (transportation caused by fluid motion) and diffusion (transportation caused by concentration gradient) on substances in a fluid.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the equilibrium moment is the moment when the concentration distribution of trace elements in the water reaches a stable state, that is, the moment when the concentration of trace elements no longer changes with time.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of obtaining the water quality data includes:

[0058] The revised diffusion simulation model obtains diffusion information of all microelements in the water body based on the actual diffusion data. The diffusion information is the concentration distribution of microelements and their variation with time and space. The equilibrium time is obtained based on the diffusion information, and the element data at each monitoring point at the equilibrium time are obtained.

[0059] For any micro-element, the average concentration of the micro-element at each monitoring point is obtained and recorded as the average concentration of the micro-element; the average concentration of all micro-elements is obtained and recorded as water quality data.

[0060] It should be noted that the diffusion simulation model is a three-dimensional diffusion model constructed using water body data to simulate the migration, mixing, and attenuation processes of microelements (such as Cu and Zn) in water. The actual diffusion data is input into the model, and the accuracy of the model is improved by inverting and optimizing parameters (such as turbulent diffusion coefficient and settling rate). By simulating and calculating the time point when the pollutant concentration tends to stabilize (equilibrium moment), the short-term effects such as ship disturbance are eliminated, and the true background state of the water body is restored.

[0061] The equilibrium moment is the moment when the real-time concentration change rate of each micro-element is less than 5% per hour.

[0062] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A water environment monitoring method for a water area based on microelement analysis, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: dividing a waterway region, setting a plurality of monitoring points in the waterway region, and obtaining element data of the water body at the monitoring points; Setting a monitoring interval, obtaining reference data in the monitoring interval through the monitoring points; and dividing to obtain special microelements according to the reference data; Step S2: obtaining a station in the waterway region, determining a target ship, and obtaining a predicted arrival time of the target ship; obtaining a detection time node and a current time to obtain an analysis time period; In the analysis time period, determining a latest target ship, obtaining a current departure time of the latest target ship, recording the concentration of the special microelements at each monitoring point at the current departure time as current element data; obtaining to-be-detected data when the detection time node is reached, recording the concentration of the special microelements at each monitoring point at the detection time node as latest element data; and obtaining a time interval between the current departure time and the detection time node to obtain actual diffusion data; Step S3: establishing a diffusion simulation model, correcting parameters of the diffusion simulation model through the actual diffusion data, obtaining an equilibrium time according to the corrected diffusion simulation model, obtaining water body quality data, and judging whether the water body environment is abnormal according to the water body quality data; In step S1, the element data comprises all microelements and microelement concentrations; the reference data is element data obtained at each departure time of a ship in the monitoring interval through the monitoring points, and the departure time is a time when the ship passes through the monitoring point; In step S1, the process of dividing to obtain special microelements comprises: Obtaining a total number of departure times in the monitoring interval, and obtaining a frequency f of each microelement in element data collected at each departure time, where n is the number of times of appearance of the microelement, and N is the total number of departure times; Setting a frequency threshold, if the frequency of the microelement exceeds the frequency threshold, the microelement is recorded as a regular microelement; otherwise, the microelement is recorded as a special microelement.

2. The water environment monitoring method for a waterway area based on microelement analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the process of obtaining the predicted arrival time of the target ship comprises: Obtaining a detection range of the station, when a ship enters the detection range, the station obtains a preset travel route of the ship; obtaining a midpoint of position coordinates of each monitoring point, if the preset travel route passes through the midpoint, the ship is recorded as a target ship; and obtaining travel data of the ship, predicting a time stamp when the ship reaches the midpoint according to the travel data, and recording the time stamp as a predicted arrival time; the travel data comprises position coordinates and navigation speed of the ship.

3. The water environment monitoring method for a waterway area based on microelement analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the detection time node is a time when the water body environment quality is detected, the analysis time period is a time period formed by the detection time node and the current time; the latest target ship is a target ship with the latest predicted arrival time, the current departure time is a departure time of the latest target ship, and the current element data is the concentration of the special microelements at each monitoring point at the current departure time. The data to be detected is the element data of the monitoring point at the detection time node, the latest element data is the concentration of the special microelement at each monitoring point at the detection time node, and the actual diffusion data includes the time interval, the current element data and the latest element data.

4. The water environment monitoring method for a waterway area based on microelement analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the establishment process of the diffusion simulation model includes: Obtaining water body data of the water body, the water body data including hydrological data, pollution source data and terrain data, the hydrological data including water flow velocity, flow, water depth and water temperature, the pollution source data including discharge point position, discharge amount and discharge frequency of the pollution source, and the terrain data including river channel shape, underwater terrain and shoreline distribution; and establishing a diffusion simulation model based on the convection diffusion equation and according to the water body data.

5. The water environment monitoring method for a waterway area based on microelement analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the balance time is the time when the concentration distribution of the microelement in the water body reaches a stable state.

6. The water environment monitoring method for a waterway area based on microelement analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the obtaining process of the water body quality data includes: The corrected diffusion simulation model obtains diffusion information of all microelements in the water body according to the actual diffusion data, the diffusion information being the concentration distribution of the microelement and the change law thereof with time and space; obtains the balance time according to the diffusion information, and obtains element data at each monitoring point at the balance time; For any microelement, an average value of the microelement concentration of the microelement at each monitoring point is obtained, which is recorded as the average concentration of the microelement; and the average concentrations of all microelements are obtained, which are recorded as the water body quality data.

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