Lithium battery thermal insulation aerogel testing method, thermal runaway module and testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to a lithium battery thermal insulation aerogel testing method, a thermal runaway module and a testing device. The method for testing the thermal insulation aerogel of the aviation lithium battery comprises the following steps: S1, providing at least one thermal runaway module; s2, carrying out charge-discharge cycle tests on all the lithium batteries under different multiplying powers synchronously; and S3, heating the thermal runaway module subjected to the charge-discharge cycle test to carry out a thermal runaway experiment. The dynamic working condition of the lithium battery in actual use can be simulated, the efficiency of the aerogel heat insulation sheet can be detected in real time, meanwhile, the influence of the heat insulation sheet on the whole working period of the lithium battery is comprehensively considered, namely, the influence on the charging and discharging performance of normal working is included, the protection effect on the lithium battery under the thermal runaway condition is also included, the detection content is more comprehensive, and the detection efficiency is improved. The influence of heat dissipation and heat insulation of the lithium battery is comprehensively considered, the compatibility of the heat dissipation and heat insulation is quantified, the performance in a real scene is more compounded, and a new consideration dimension is provided for optimized application of aerogel in the field of lithium batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lithium battery testing technology, and in particular to a testing method for thermal insulation aerogels for aviation lithium batteries, a thermal runaway module for thermal insulation aerogels for aviation lithium batteries, and a testing device for testing the performance of thermal insulation aerogels for aviation lithium batteries. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, lithium batteries, thanks to their exceptional performance, have made a significant impact in aerospace, electric vehicles, and energy storage. However, the attendant safety issues surrounding lithium batteries have also become a focus of attention. The primary safety concern for lithium batteries is the risk of fire or thermal runaway under thermal, electrical, and mechanical abuse. Characteristic parameters of lithium battery thermal runaway include heat generation, gas production, battery temperature, and flame behavior. When a battery cell in a module or battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the generated heat is transferred to adjacent cells through conduction, radiation, and convection. Inserting thermal insulation pads between adjacent cells can effectively block heat transfer, slowing or even preventing the spread of thermal runaway. Existing research on aerogel thermal insulation materials has mostly used a simulated heat source to heat one side of the insulation sheet and then measure the temperature on the other side. This method is difficult to assess in real-world applications and fails to accurately reflect the performance of aerogels in real-world scenarios. Furthermore, existing research on thermal insulation materials has primarily focused on the thermal insulation effects of lithium batteries, with little attention paid to their impact on battery performance parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a testing method, thermal runaway module and testing device for lithium battery thermal insulation aerogel in response to the problem that existing thermal insulation material research is difficult to accurately reflect the performance of aerogel in real scenarios.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries, which comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Provide at least one thermal runaway module; the thermal runaway module includes: at least two lithium batteries, and at least one thermal insulation sheet disposed between two adjacent lithium batteries; wherein the thermal insulation sheet is made of aerogel;

[0006] S2. Perform charge-discharge cycle tests on all lithium batteries simultaneously at different rates, and obtain a first curve showing the temperature of each lithium battery changing with time and a third curve showing the performance of each lithium battery changing with temperature during the charge-discharge cycle test, to characterize the effect of the aerogel on the heat dissipation effect of the lithium battery;

[0007] S3. Conduct a thermal runaway experiment on the thermal runaway module after the charge and discharge cycle test, and obtain a second curve showing the temperature change of each lithium battery over time in the thermal runaway experiment to characterize the effect of the aerogel on the thermal insulation effect of the lithium battery;

[0008] S4. Analyze the effect of the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet on the heat dissipation of the lithium battery in the charging and discharging scenarios based on the change curve 1 and the change curve 3; analyze the effect of the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet on the heat insulation of the lithium battery in the thermal runaway scenario based on the change curve 2 and the corresponding experimental phenomena, and comprehensively obtain the optimal thickness of the thermal insulation sheet.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a thermal runaway module of an aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel, which is the thermal runaway module in the first aspect and comprises:

[0010] At least two lithium batteries arranged side by side;

[0011] A heating source, which is used to heat the lithium battery at the edge;

[0012] At least one thermal insulation sheet made of aerogel, which is arranged between adjacent lithium batteries;

[0013] Multiple thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of each lithium battery.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a testing device for testing the performance of thermal insulation aerogels for aviation lithium batteries, which uses the testing method for thermal insulation aerogels for aviation lithium batteries in the first aspect to test the performance of the aerogels; the testing device comprises:

[0015] explosion-proof cabin;

[0016] The thermal runaway module in the second aspect is arranged in an explosion-proof cabin;

[0017] The data acquisition module is used to collect the voltage, temperature, and charge and discharge parameters of the thermal runaway module.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention can simulate the dynamic working conditions of lithium batteries in actual use, such as different charge and discharge rates and variable temperature environments, and detect the effectiveness of aerogel insulation sheets in real time. At the same time, it comprehensively considers the impact of the insulation sheet on the entire working cycle of the lithium battery, including the impact on the normal working charge and discharge performance, as well as the protection effect on the lithium battery in the case of thermal runaway. The detection content is more comprehensive, comprehensively considering the impact of lithium battery heat dissipation and thermal insulation, quantifying the compatibility of the two, and more comprehensively combining the performance in real scenarios, providing a new consideration dimension for the optimized application of aerogel in the field of lithium batteries.

[0020] 2. The testing device provided by the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can adjust the number of placed lithium batteries while reducing costs, and has good repeatability and high reliability. At the same time, its measurement parameters are comprehensive, easy to operate, and can simulate real situations, further developing the application of aerogel in lithium batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A flow chart showing the testing method for thermal insulation aerogels for aviation lithium batteries;

[0023] Figure 2 The temperature rise diagram of the blank control group and the one with the thermal insulation sheet installed in Example 1;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the relationship between the charge and discharge efficiency and temperature of the lithium battery in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 4 : is the temperature curve of each lithium battery in the blank control group in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 5 The temperature curve of each lithium battery after installing a 1mm thick thermal insulation sheet in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 6 The temperature curve of each lithium battery after installing a 2mm thick thermal insulation sheet in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 7 The temperature curve of each lithium battery after installing a 3mm thick thermal insulation sheet in Example 1;

[0029] Figure 8 The temperature curve of each lithium battery after installing a 5mm thick thermal insulation sheet in Example 1;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal runaway module in Example 3;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test device for testing the performance of thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries in Example 4.

[0032] In the figure: smoke exhaust pipe 1, explosion-proof cabin 2, observation window 3, multi-channel gas detector 4, radiation calorimeter 5, thermal runaway module 6, base 61, heating source 62, guide rod 63, constraint panel 64, limit panel 65, lithium battery 66, thermal insulation sheet 67, pressure sensor 68, high-definition camera 7, infrared imager 8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "mounted on" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a central component. When a component is considered to be "fixed to" another component, it may be directly fixed to the other component or there may be a central component.

[0035] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "or / and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for testing thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries, which includes the following steps:

[0039] S1. Provide a thermal runaway module 6. The thermal runaway module 6 includes: four lithium batteries 66, and three thermal insulation sheets 67 arranged between two adjacent lithium batteries 66. The three thermal insulation sheets 67 are made of a composite of aerogel and fiber, and the thickness of the three thermal insulation sheets 67 is consistent, and the thickness range is 1 to 5 mm. Specifically, four thermal runaway modules 6 are prepared. The thickness of the thermal insulation sheet 67 clamped in each thermal runaway module 6 is 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 5 mm, respectively. The four thermal runaway modules 6 respectively perform the following steps of the experiment. The temperature change of the surface of each lithium battery 66 is monitored by a thermocouple.

[0040] S2. Simultaneously perform charge-discharge cycle tests on the four lithium batteries 66 at different rates to simulate the operating conditions of lithium batteries 66 in an electric aircraft or electric vehicle during acceleration and normal operation. In this step, a commercially available charge-discharge cycler is used to perform charge-discharge tests on the lithium batteries 66 under standard experimental conditions specified in the technical manual. Changes in the performance of the lithium batteries 66 in the thermal runaway module 6, such as charge-discharge efficiency and capacity retention, are measured. During this period, changes in the performance of the lithium batteries 66 are recorded, and a curve (1) showing the temperature change over time and a curve (3) showing the performance change of each lithium battery over temperature are plotted to demonstrate the effect of the aerogel on the heat dissipation of the lithium batteries 66. The near-adiabatic environment created by the aerogel insulation sheet 67 is not conducive to the heat dissipation requirements of the lithium batteries 66 during charge and discharge. Heat accumulation triggers internal side reactions in the batteries, increasing internal resistance and affecting battery charge and discharge performance. The placement of the aerogel insulation sheet 67 affects the heat dissipation of the lithium batteries 66, thereby affecting their temperature. The temperature of the lithium batteries 66 directly affects the internal reaction rate and heat release rate during charge and discharge. Therefore, it is necessary to quantitatively evaluate the impact of aerogel layout on the heat dissipation of lithium batteries 66, and then optimize the designed thermal insulation solution.

[0041] S3. First charge the thermal runaway module 6 after the charge and discharge cycle test to full power to ensure the severity of the subsequent thermal runaway. Then perform a thermal runaway test on the thermal runaway module 6. Specifically, the thermal runaway of the lithium battery 66 is induced by heating to generate high temperature (since the critical temperature of thermal runaway of each single lithium battery 66 may be inconsistent, thermal runaway can be determined as long as there is an obvious flame or explosion). Stop heating at the moment the lithium battery 66 catches fire or explodes. During the entire thermal runaway experiment, a K-type armored thermocouple with a diameter of 1 mm can be used to collect the surface temperature of the lithium battery 66, and obtain a second curve of the temperature change of each lithium battery 66 over time to characterize the effect of the aerogel on the thermal insulation effect of the lithium battery 66.

[0042] S4. Analyze the effect of the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet 67 on the heat dissipation of the lithium battery 66 in the charging and discharging scenarios based on the change curve 1 and the change curve 3. Analyze the effect of the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet 67 on the heat insulation of the lithium battery 66 in the thermal runaway scenario based on the change curve 2 and the corresponding experimental phenomena (including fire, explosion, bulging, etc. of the lithium battery 66). Comprehensively obtain the optimal thickness of the thermal insulation sheet 67 and the effectiveness of the thermal insulation sheet 67 in heat blocking.

[0043] The parameters for analyzing the thickness and performance of the aerogel insulation sheet 67 include:

[0044] (1) The maximum temperature rise of the lithium battery 66 during the cycle charging process.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG, they are respectively the temperature rise variation diagrams of the blank control group (ie, the thermal runaway module 6 without the thermal insulation sheet 67), the 1mm and 2mm thick thermal insulation sheets 67 (ie, the variation curve 1). Figure 2 It can be seen that as the thickness of the heat insulation sheet 67 increases, its heat insulation effect becomes better, but it will also hinder the heat dissipation inside the lithium battery 66 and affect the heat release during the charging and discharging process of the lithium battery 66.

[0046] (2) Changes in the performance of the lithium battery 66 during the cycle charging process.

[0047] The performance of the lithium battery 66 in terms of charge and discharge efficiency is selected for reference, such as Figure 3 As shown, as the temperature of lithium battery 66 changes, its charge and discharge efficiency also changes. At around 10°C, the charge and discharge efficiency of lithium battery 66 is around 96%. At around 30°C, the charge and discharge efficiency reaches its peak. As the temperature continues to rise, the charge and discharge efficiency actually decreases. This shows that the performance of lithium battery 66 is related to its temperature. Both excessively high and low temperatures can affect lithium battery 66 itself. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to controlling the internal temperature of lithium battery 66 during the charge and discharge process.

[0048] (3) Whether the thermal runaway propagates through the thermal insulation sheet 67 to the adjacent lithium battery 66 .

[0049] (4) If thermal runaway propagates through the aerogel insulation material, the time interval for thermal runaway propagation is extended compared to the blank control group.

[0050] (5) If the thermal insulation sheet 67 blocks the propagation of thermal runaway, the maximum temperature rise of the protected lithium battery 66 caused by heat transfer will be reduced.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 .in, Figure 41 is the temperature curve of each lithium battery 66 in the blank control group. Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The temperature curves of each lithium battery 66 after installing 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, and 5mm thick thermal insulation sheets 67 (i.e., change curve 2) are shown. LIB.Ⅰ to LIB.Ⅳ are the four lithium battery cells 66 in the thermal runaway module 6. Figure 4 It can be seen that all lithium battery 66 cells experience thermal runaway within 500s, proving that the thermal runaway hazard of lithium battery 66 develops rapidly without the thermal insulation sheet 67. Figure 5 It can be seen that although the 1mm thick thermal insulation sheet 67 failed to prevent the spread of thermal runaway, the thermal runaway propagation time was significantly prolonged compared with the blank control group. Figure 6 、 7 8 , it can be seen that when the thickness of the heat insulation sheet 67 is greater than 2 mm, the thermal runaway is limited to the first lithium battery 66 and does not spread to the subsequent lithium batteries 66 .

[0052] Combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 , it can be seen that although the thicker thermal insulation sheet 67 can prevent the spread of thermal runaway, it will also affect the heat dissipation inside the lithium battery 66, and ultimately affect the charge and discharge performance of the lithium battery 66. Although the thinner thermal insulation sheet 67 has less effect on heat dissipation during the charge and discharge process, its effect on preventing the spread of thermal runaway is limited. The testing method for the thermal insulation aerogel of the lithium battery 66 proposed in the present invention can comprehensively consider the impact of the thermal insulation material on the entire working cycle of the lithium battery 66, that is, the impact on the normal working charge and discharge performance, as well as the protection effect on the lithium battery 66 in the case of thermal runaway. The test content is more comprehensive, and the impact of the heat dissipation and heat insulation of the lithium battery 66 is comprehensively considered, so that the optimal thickness of the aerogel thermal insulation sheet 67 can be designed to better meet the performance in real scenes.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a different thermal runaway module 6 is provided. In this embodiment, five lithium batteries 66 are provided. Thermal insulation sheets 67 of 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, and 5mm thicknesses are sandwiched between the five lithium batteries 66, from left to right. In thermal runaway experiments, the leftmost lithium battery 66 was heated to cause thermal runaway. The experimental phenomena and temperature changes of the lithium batteries 66 after installation of thermal insulation sheets 67 of varying thicknesses were observed. This allows the thermal insulation effects of thermal insulation sheets 67 of varying thicknesses to be observed within a single thermal runaway module 6.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This embodiment provides a thermal runaway module 6 of an aviation lithium battery thermal insulation aerogel, which is the thermal runaway module 6 in the first embodiment. Figure 9 As shown, the thermal runaway module 6 includes a fixture, four lithium batteries 66, a heating source 62, three thermal insulation sheets 67, twenty-four thermocouples, a pressure sensor 68, and a restriction panel 65. The fixture includes a base 61, a constraint panel 64, four guide rods 63, and four nuts. The four guide rods 63 are connected in parallel at the four corners of the base 61. Through holes are provided at the four corners of the constraint panel 64 and the restriction panel 65. The four guide rods 63 pass through the through holes in the constraint panel 64 and the restriction panel 65 and are slidably connected to the constraint panel 64 and the restriction panel 65. The heating source 62 is fixed to the base 61 and is used to heat the lithium batteries 66, so that the lithium batteries 66 can heat up according to the set heating mode, thereby triggering thermal runaway. Three thermal insulation sheets 67 are clamped between the four lithium batteries 66, and one lithium battery 66 on one side is in close contact with the heating source 62. The constraint panel 64 is in close contact with the lithium battery 66 on the other side. Twenty-four thermocouples are divided into four groups, with six in each group, which are used to measure the surface temperature of four lithium batteries 66. Specifically, two thermocouples are set on the front, back and one of the side surfaces of the lithium battery 66. On each side, one thermocouple is set in the middle and the other thermocouple is set at the corner. The final temperature is obtained by taking the average or median of the readings of multiple thermocouples. The pressure sensor 68 is set between the constraint panel 64 and the restriction panel 65. Finally, the position is adjusted by screwing the nut on the guide rod 63 to fix the restriction panel 65 and then fix the lithium battery 66. After fixing, the pressure sensor 68 is zeroed. The pressure sensor 68 is used to measure the extrusion caused by the expansion of the lithium battery 66, especially the pressure signal before thermal runaway, which can be used as a thermal runaway warning parameter. In addition, the position of the nut can be combined with the measurement of the pressure sensor 68 to apply prestress to the lithium battery 66 and carry out experiments under multiple working conditions. The thermal runaway module 6 of the aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can adjust the number of placed lithium batteries 66 while reducing costs, and has good repeatability and high reliability.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] This embodiment provides a test device for testing the performance of thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries, which uses the test method for the performance of thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries 66 in Example 1 to test the performance of aerogel. Figure 10As shown, the test device includes: an explosion-proof cabin 2, a thermal runaway module 6 as in Example 3, a data acquisition module, a smoke exhaust pipe 1, and a fan. Specifically, the explosion-proof cabin 2 is provided with a transparent observation window 3 and an operating door. The thermal runaway module 6 is placed in the explosion-proof cabin 2 for cyclic electrical testing and thermal runaway experiments. The charge and discharge cycler used for the cyclic electrical test is placed outside the explosion-proof cabin 2 and is connected to the lithium battery 66 via a wire. The data acquisition module needs to collect a variety of data, including but not limited to: a multi-channel gas detector 4, a radiation calorimeter 5, a high-definition camera 7, and an infrared imager 8. The multi-channel gas detector 4 is installed inside the explosion-proof box to measure the real-time production of various toxic and harmful gases during the thermal runaway experiment. The radiation calorimeter 5 is installed on the inner wall of the explosion-proof box at the same height as the thermal runaway module 6, with its lens aimed at the thermal runaway module 6 to measure the size of the flame radiation during thermal runaway. The high-definition camera 7 and the infrared imager 8 are set outside the explosion-proof cabin 2. A high-definition camera 7 records experimental conditions inside the explosion-proof cabin 2 through the observation window 3. An infrared imager 8 measures the temperature of the thermal runaway module 6. A smoke exhaust pipe 1 is located at the top of the explosion-proof cabin 2. A fan is installed within the smoke exhaust pipe 1 to extract gas from the explosion-proof cabin 2 to prevent obstruction of the observation line of sight. The test device provided in this embodiment for verifying the effectiveness of thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries features comprehensive measurement parameters, is easy to operate, and can simulate real-world conditions, further advancing the application of aerogel in lithium batteries 66.

[0059] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A testing method for thermal insulation aerogel of aviation lithium batteries, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Provide at least one thermal runaway module; The thermal runaway module includes: at least two lithium batteries and at least one thermal insulation sheet disposed between two adjacent lithium batteries; wherein the thermal insulation sheet is made of aerogel; S2. Perform charge-discharge cycle tests on all lithium batteries at different rates simultaneously, and obtain a first curve showing the temperature of each lithium battery changing with time and a third curve showing the performance of each lithium battery changing with temperature during the charge-discharge cycle test, to characterize the effect of the aerogel on the heat dissipation effect of the lithium battery; S3. Conduct a thermal runaway experiment on the thermal runaway module after the charge and discharge cycle test, and obtain a second curve showing the temperature change of each lithium battery over time in the thermal runaway experiment to characterize the effect of the aerogel on the thermal insulation effect of the lithium battery; S4. Analyze the effect of the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet on the heat dissipation of the lithium battery in the charging and discharging scenarios based on the change curve 1 and the change curve 3; analyze the effect of the thickness of the thermal insulation sheet on the heat insulation of the lithium battery in the thermal runaway scenario based on the change curve 2 and the corresponding experimental phenomena, and comprehensively obtain the optimal thickness of the thermal insulation sheet.

2. The method for testing thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, four thermal runaway modules are provided; each thermal runaway module includes: four lithium batteries, and three thermal insulation sheets of the same thickness sandwiched between the four lithium batteries.

3. The method for testing thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, a thermal runaway module is provided, which includes at least five lithium batteries; four thermal insulation sheets with increasing thickness are sandwiched between the at least five lithium batteries.

4. The method for testing thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thicknesses of the four thermal insulation sheets are 1mm, 2mm, 3mm and 5mm respectively.

5. The method for testing thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, if an open flame appears in the lithium battery, it is determined that thermal runaway has occurred; when thermal runaway occurs, the heating of the thermal runaway module is turned off.

6. A thermal runaway module of an aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel, characterized in that: The thermal runaway module according to any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises: At least two lithium batteries arranged side by side; A heating source, which is used to heat the lithium battery at the edge; At least one thermal insulation sheet made of aerogel, which is arranged between adjacent lithium batteries; Multiple thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of each lithium battery.

7. The thermal runaway module of the aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel according to claim 6, characterized in that: At least three lithium batteries are provided; no heat insulating sheet is provided between the two lithium batteries close to the heating source.

8. The thermal runaway module of the aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal runaway module also includes a clamp for fixing the lithium battery; the clamp includes: a base, a constraint panel, at least two guide rods, and at least two nuts; the at least two guide rods are connected in parallel to the base; the constraint panel is sleeved with the at least two guide rods; at least two nuts are threadedly connected to the corresponding guide rods and are located at the end of the constraint panel away from the base; an adjustable fixed interval for clamping the lithium battery is formed between the constraint panel and the base.

9. The thermal runaway module of the aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thermal runaway module also includes a pressure sensor and a restriction panel; the restriction panel is sleeved on the guide rod and is located at the end of the constraint panel away from the base; at least two nuts are located at the end of the restriction panel away from the constraint panel; the pressure sensor is arranged between the restriction panel and the constraint panel.

10. A test device for testing the performance of thermal insulation aerogel for aviation lithium batteries, characterized in that: The aerogel performance is tested using the test method for aviation lithium battery thermal insulation aerogel according to any one of claims 1 to 5; the test device comprises: explosion-proof cabin; The thermal runaway module of the aviation lithium battery insulation aerogel according to any one of claims 6 to 9, which is arranged in an explosion-proof cabin; The data acquisition module is used to collect the voltage, temperature, and charge and discharge parameters of the thermal runaway module.

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