Industrial IoT Communication Method and System Based on Adaptive Channel Selection

Abstract

This invention discloses an industrial IoT communication method and system based on adaptive channel selection. The method includes receiving channel hopping requests from one or more devices, where each request indicates a device's intention to switch its current channel to a target channel. If the target channel requested by one device is a preferred candidate idle channel, a first instruction is sent to the device. If the target channels requested by multiple devices are all preferred candidate idle channels, for the multiple devices, the first instruction is sent to the device with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to each of the other devices excluding the highest-priority device. This invention can dynamically optimize channel allocation, reduce congestion, and thus improve the communication performance of the industrial IoT.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial Internet of Things (IoT) communication technology, and in particular to an industrial IoT communication method and system based on adaptive channel selection. Background Technology

[0002] The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) requires communication protocols to have high reliability, real-time performance, high-density device support, and low power consumption. However, existing communication technologies (such as MQTT and Zigbee) suffer from problems such as channel congestion, inflexible fixed-priority scheduling, high energy consumption, and insufficient real-time performance in high-density, high-dynamic industrial environments. These problems seriously affect the efficiency and stability of industrial production. For example, in smart manufacturing environments, when a large number of devices communicate simultaneously, channel congestion can lead to delays in control commands, thereby affecting production efficiency. In equipment monitoring scenarios, insufficient real-time performance of sensor data may result in inaccurate fault prediction and increased equipment maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide an industrial IoT communication method and system based on adaptive channel selection, which can dynamically optimize channel allocation, reduce congestion, and thus improve the communication performance of the industrial IoT.

[0004] Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this application.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, an industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection is provided, comprising:

[0006] Receive corresponding channel hopping requests sent by one or more devices. A channel hopping request is information from a device requesting to switch the current channel to a target channel.

[0007] If the target channel requested by a device to switch to is the optimal candidate idle channel, a first instruction is sent to the device. The first instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to the optimal candidate idle channel. The optimal candidate idle channel is a candidate idle channel in the candidate idle channel group.

[0008] When multiple devices request to switch to the target channel, which is the optimal candidate idle channel, for the multiple devices, a first instruction is sent to the device with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to the other devices among the multiple devices excluding the device with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to the candidate idle channel group other than the optimal candidate idle channel.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, based on the aforementioned scheme, when the target channel requested by multiple devices is the optimal candidate idle channel, for the multiple devices, a first instruction is sent to the device with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to each of the other devices excluding the device with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel group other than the optimal candidate idle channel, including:

[0010] A first sequence of all devices is established based on priority, and a second sequence of all candidate idle channels in the candidate idle channel group is established based on idle probability.

[0011] The device with the highest priority is the device in the first position of the first sequence, and the optimal candidate idle channel is the candidate idle channel in the first position of the second sequence. The first instruction is sent to the device in the first position of the first sequence.

[0012] Establish a mapping relationship between the unallocated device group and the unallocated candidate idle channel group. The unallocated device group consists of devices in the first sequence excluding the highest priority device and other ranked devices. The unallocated candidate idle channel group consists of candidate idle channels in the second sequence excluding the optimal candidate idle channel and other ranked candidate idle channels. Based on the mapping relationship, send instructions to other ranked devices to switch the current channel to the corresponding other ranked device.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, a first sequence of all devices is established based on priority, including:

[0014] The priority of each device is determined by the following formula:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] in, Priority; Basic priority; In terms of urgency; Energy consumption value; The remaining energy of the equipment; The energy threshold of the device; Basic priority weights, Assigning weights based on urgency, As energy consumption weight, satisfy ;

[0018] Sort all devices in descending order of priority to establish a first sequence of all devices.

[0019] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, a second sequence of all candidate idle channels in the candidate idle channel group is established based on the idle probability, including:

[0020] The channel idle probability of each candidate idle channel is determined by the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] in, The probability of a candidate being idle; Signal strength; The maximum threshold for signal strength; Signal-to-noise ratio; The maximum threshold for signal-to-noise ratio; For conflict rate; The maximum threshold for the conflict rate;

[0023] All candidate idle channels are sorted in descending order of their idle probability to establish a second sequence of all candidate idle channels.

[0024] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the following further methods are also included:

[0025] Both the first and second instructions include a jump timestamp.

[0026] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the following further methods are also included:

[0027] When the device is not in a communication period, a third command is issued to the device based on the dynamic wake-up time. The third command includes a command to wake up the device. The formula for calculating the dynamic wake-up time is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] in, The wake-up interval is dynamically adjusted. Based on the wake-up interval;

[0030] The energy consumed by the equipment; The total energy of the equipment; This refers to the data packet arrival rate. This represents the maximum packet arrival rate.

[0031] In some embodiments of this application, based on the foregoing scheme, the following further methods are also included:

[0032] In the event of a device data transmission failure, a retransmission time is determined based on priority and network load. A fourth instruction is then issued to the device based on this retransmission time. This fourth instruction includes a command to retransmit the data. The formula for calculating the retransmission time is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] in, For retransmission time; Minimum retransmission time; Maximum retransmission time; This refers to the priority of the data packets; The highest priority of the data packet; This represents the network load factor.

[0035] According to a second aspect of this application, an industrial IoT communication system based on adaptive channel selection is provided, comprising:

[0036] The receiving module is used to receive corresponding channel hopping requests sent by one or more devices. The channel hopping request is information from the device requesting to switch the current channel to the target channel.

[0037] The first sending module is used to send a first instruction to a device when the target channel requested by a device to switch to is a preferred candidate idle channel. The first instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a preferred candidate idle channel, and the preferred candidate idle channel is a candidate idle channel in a candidate idle channel group.

[0038] The second sending module is used to send a first instruction to the device with the highest priority and a second instruction to the other devices excluding the device with the highest priority when the target channel requested by multiple devices is a preferred candidate idle channel. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel group other than the preferred candidate idle channel.

[0039] According to a third aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program thereon, the computer program including executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method.

[0040] According to a fourth aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0041] One or more processors;

[0042] A memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method described above.

[0043] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0044] (1) This embodiment adopts an adaptive channel selection mechanism, which significantly reduces channel congestion and improves communication efficiency by monitoring the channel status in real time and selecting the preferred candidate idle channel. In industrial environments, there are many devices and limited channel resources, and traditional fixed channel selection methods are prone to channel congestion. However, the adaptive channel selection mechanism of this embodiment can dynamically adjust according to the channel status, ensuring the efficiency and stability of communication.

[0045] (2) This embodiment employs a dynamic priority scheduling algorithm, which ensures the timely transmission of critical data by dynamically adjusting the priorities of devices. In industrial environments, the urgency and importance of data transmission vary among different devices. Traditional fixed-priority scheduling methods cannot adapt to dynamic needs, while the dynamic priority scheduling algorithm in this embodiment can dynamically adjust the priorities of devices based on network conditions and data packet characteristics, ensuring the priority transmission of critical data.

[0046] (3) This embodiment employs low-power communication and optimizes the device's energy consumption significantly through a time-sharing wake-up mechanism and data compression technology. In industrial environments, some devices rely on battery power, making energy consumption a particularly prominent issue. The low-power design of this embodiment can effectively extend the device's lifespan and reduce maintenance costs.

[0047] (4) This embodiment employs a real-time guarantee mechanism, utilizing time synchronization technology and a rapid conflict detection and retransmission mechanism to ensure the real-time transmission of critical data. In industrial environments, real-time performance is a key factor in ensuring the stability of the production process. The real-time guarantee mechanism in this embodiment effectively reduces data transmission latency, ensuring the real-time performance of control commands and sensor data.

[0048] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are intended to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection in this embodiment;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an industrial IoT communication system based on adaptive channel selection in this embodiment;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0053] Referring now to specific embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Although the invention will be described in conjunction with specific embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to the described embodiments. Rather, it is intended to cover variations, modifications, and equivalents included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be noted that the method steps described herein can be implemented by any functional block or functional arrangement, and any functional block or functional arrangement can be implemented as a physical entity or a logical entity, or a combination of both.

[0054] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0055] Note: The examples described below are merely specific examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to the specific steps, values, conditions, data, order, etc. Those skilled in the art can utilize the concept of the present invention to construct more embodiments not mentioned herein by reading this specification.

[0056] Figure 1 The flowchart of the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection in this embodiment is shown. The industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection proposed in this embodiment is applied to a base station and includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S101: Receive corresponding channel hopping requests sent by one or more devices respectively. The channel hopping request is information from the device requesting to switch the current channel for transmitting data to the target channel.

[0058] In some implementations of this embodiment, in a smart manufacturing environment, when a large number of devices communicate simultaneously, channel congestion can lead to delays in control commands, thereby affecting production efficiency. In equipment monitoring scenarios, insufficient real-time data from sensors may result in inaccurate fault prediction and increased equipment maintenance costs. Therefore, when congestion occurs on the current channel through which a device transmits data with a base station, the device will send a channel hopping request to the base station.

[0059] In some embodiments of this example, the channel hopping request is sent by the device. When the device detects that the channel quality of the current channel is less than a preset quality threshold, it will send a channel hopping request to the base station.

[0060] Specifically, channel quality includes information such as signal strength and collision rate. The preset quality thresholds include a preset signal strength threshold and a preset collision rate threshold. When the device detects that the signal strength is less than the preset signal strength threshold and / or the collision rate is less than the preset collision rate threshold, it will send a channel hopping request to the base station.

[0061] Step S102: Determine whether the target channel requested by a device for hopping is a preferred candidate idle channel.

[0062] Step S103: When the target channel requested by a device to be hopped is a preferred candidate idle channel, a first instruction is sent to the device. The first instruction includes an instruction to hop the current channel to a preferred candidate idle channel. The preferred candidate idle channel is a candidate idle channel in the candidate idle channel group.

[0063] In some implementations of this embodiment, when only one device requests a hop to a preferred candidate idle channel, it is explained that the allocation of the preferred candidate idle channel is less likely to cause conflict. A first instruction is directly sent to the device, which includes an instruction to switch the current channel to the preferred candidate idle channel.

[0064] In some implementations of this embodiment, the preferred candidate idle channel is the candidate idle channel with the highest channel idle probability. When the channel idle probabilities of multiple candidate idle channels are close, the candidate idle channel with the highest signal strength is selected as the preferred candidate idle channel to ensure the reliability of communication.

[0065] Step S104: When the target channel requested by multiple devices is a preferred candidate idle channel, for the multiple devices, a first instruction is sent to the device with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to the other devices among the multiple devices excluding the device with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel group other than the preferred candidate idle channel.

[0066] In some implementations of this embodiment, in a smart manufacturing environment, when a large number of devices communicate simultaneously, there may be a situation where multiple devices request to switch to the same preferred candidate idle channel. In this case, the preferred candidate idle channel requested by the device with the highest priority (such as an emergency data device) is allocated first. If multiple devices request the same channel, the base station will guide the remaining devices to the second-best candidate channel.

[0067] In some implementations of this embodiment, for conflict requests that cannot be resolved immediately, the base station sets differentiated switching times for multiple devices through a random delay mechanism to ensure that devices switch channels at different times. Therefore, step S104 further includes:

[0068] If the current channel for data transmission by a device fails to switch successfully, a random delay mechanism is used to set a switching time for each device, with different switching times for different devices.

[0069] In some implementations of this embodiment, a random delay mechanism is used to set a transition time for each device, and the transition time varies for different devices. Specifically, this includes:

[0070] The current channel for all devices transmitting data follows a uniform hopping period. An upper limit for random delay is set. A unique random delay value is generated for each device during initialization. The current channel for each device transmitting data is then delayed based on the sum of the hopping period and the random delay value.

[0071] In some embodiments of this example, when multiple terminals request to switch to the same target channel as preferred candidate idle channels, for the multiple terminals, a first instruction is sent to the terminal with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to each of the other terminals excluding the terminal with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel group other than the preferred candidate idle channel, including:

[0072] A first sequence of all terminals is established based on priority, and a second sequence of all candidate idle channels in the candidate idle channel group is established based on idle probability.

[0073] The terminal with the highest priority is the terminal in the first position of the first sequence, and the preferred candidate idle channel is the candidate idle channel in the first position of the second sequence. The first instruction is sent to the terminal in the first position of the first sequence.

[0074] Establish a mapping relationship between unassigned terminal groups and unassigned candidate idle channel groups. The unassigned terminal group consists of terminals in the first sequence excluding the terminal with the highest priority and other ranked terminals. The unassigned candidate idle channel group consists of candidate idle channels in the second sequence excluding the preferred candidate idle channel and other ranked candidate idle channels. Based on the mapping relationship, send instructions to other ranked terminals to switch the current channel to the corresponding other ranked terminal.

[0075] In some implementations of this embodiment, the dynamic priority scheduling algorithm ensures the timely transmission of critical data by dynamically adjusting the priority of data packets. This algorithm can adapt to dynamic changes in network conditions, improving the system's flexibility and adaptability. Priorities are dynamically adjusted based on basic priority, the urgency of data packets, and energy consumption to ensure priority transmission of critical data. The priority calculation formula is as follows:

[0076] Establish a first sequence of all terminals based on priority, including:

[0077] A multi-parameter weighting model is used to determine the priority of each terminal, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] in, Priority; Prioritize based on device type, such as controller, sensor, or actuator. The urgency level of the data packet; Energy consumption value; The remaining energy of the equipment; The energy threshold of the device; Basic priority weights, Assigning weights based on urgency, As energy consumption weight, satisfy ;

[0081] Sort all terminals in descending order of priority to establish the first sequence of all terminals.

[0082] In some embodiments of this example, the weighting coefficient ( , , The adjustment is achieved through real-time monitoring of network and device status, with its core logic being dynamic response to changes in the communication environment. Parameters such as collision rate, channel idle probability, data packet transmission latency, control command latency, network load factor (active device percentage), and remaining device energy are continuously collected as the basis for adjustment.

[0083] For example, when the collision rate suddenly spikes from 15% to 40%, the channel idle probability drops from 70% to 45%, the control command delay exceeds 50ms, and the proportion of active devices surpasses 70%, the system determines that the network has entered a congested state. At this point, a weight adjustment mechanism is immediately triggered: urgency level weight. Increased from the default 0.3 to 0.5, base priority weight. The energy consumption weight decreased from 0.5 to 0.3. Maintain a value of 0.2 to ensure that critical commands (such as robot motion signals) have priority in securing channel resources. If the device's remaining energy is below a preset threshold (e.g., battery power is only 20%), the system will prioritize energy consumption optimization. Increase from 0.2 to 0.4, while decreasing proportionally. and (like , To extend the lifespan of low-power devices, the system uses a normalization algorithm to ensure the total weight sum remains constant at 1. For example, if the sum becomes 1.1 after a temporary adjustment, the coefficients are proportionally compressed to a reasonable range (e.g., ...). , , In addition, the system updates the weights every 100 milliseconds, taking into account real-time network load fluctuations (e.g., for every 10% increase in load factor). The system dynamically fine-tunes by increasing the performance by 0.1%. Taking a smart manufacturing scenario as an example, when 10 robots simultaneously transmit data, causing a surge in conflict rates, the system adjusts the performance accordingly. Weighting prioritizes the transmission of control commands; once the network stabilizes... Gradually revert to the initial value, restoring the default weight configuration. , , ).

[0084] The above methods, through multi-dimensional data cross-validation and dynamic feedback mechanisms, take into account real-time performance, energy consumption optimization and basic priorities. They avoid the rigidity caused by fixed thresholds and can quickly respond to sudden load fluctuations in high-density industrial environments, significantly improving communication efficiency and system robustness.

[0085] In some implementations of this embodiment, a second sequence of all candidate idle channels in the candidate idle channel group is established based on the idle probability, including:

[0086] The channel idle probability of each candidate idle channel is determined by the following formula:

[0087] in, The probability of a candidate being idle; Signal strength; The maximum threshold for signal strength; Signal-to-noise ratio; The maximum threshold for signal-to-noise ratio; For conflict rate; The maximum threshold for the conflict rate;

[0088] All candidate idle channels are sorted in descending order of their idle probability to establish a second sequence of all candidate idle channels.

[0089] In some embodiments of this example, both the first instruction and the second instruction include a transition timestamp. The device strictly follows the transition timestamp in the first instruction or the second instruction to perform channel transitions, ensuring that the transition actions are distributed in time and avoiding concentrated transitions to the same channel.

[0090] In some implementations of this embodiment, the base station continuously monitors channel status and device communication. If a newly allocated channel for a device becomes congested or a device fails to hop, the base station triggers a secondary allocation, re-collects the corresponding hop request information from the device, and optimizes channel allocation. This dynamic adjustment mechanism ensures that the system can adapt to changes in the network environment in real time, maintaining communication efficiency and reliability.

[0091] In some embodiments of this example, low-power communication optimization significantly reduces device energy consumption through time-sharing wake-up mechanisms and data compression techniques. This optimization can extend the lifespan of battery-powered devices and is suitable for industrial equipment that relies on battery power.

[0092] In some implementations of this embodiment, a time-sharing wake-up mechanism is employed, where the device enters a low-power mode during non-communication periods and periodically wakes up to check communication needs. By reasonably setting the wake-up interval, the device can save a significant amount of energy in low-power mode.

[0093] Specifically, when the terminal is not in a communication period, a third instruction is issued to the terminal based on the dynamic wake-up time. The third instruction includes an instruction to wake up the terminal, and the formula for calculating the dynamic wake-up time is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] in, The wake-up interval is dynamically adjusted. Based on the wake-up interval;

[0096] The energy consumed by the equipment; The total energy of the equipment; This refers to the data packet arrival rate. This represents the maximum packet arrival rate.

[0097] In some implementations of this embodiment, data compression and aggregation are employed. A lightweight data compression algorithm is used to reduce the amount of data transmitted, and a data aggregation mechanism is used to merge multiple small data packets transmitted by the device into a large data packet for transmission. This mechanism can reduce the number of data transmissions and lower energy consumption.

[0098] In some implementations of this embodiment, the real-time guarantee mechanism ensures the real-time transmission of critical data through time synchronization technology and a fast collision detection and retransmission mechanism. This mechanism can meet the high real-time requirements of industrial environments.

[0099] In some implementations of this embodiment, time synchronization technology is employed to achieve time synchronization between devices through a global clock server or a distributed clock synchronization algorithm. Time synchronization ensures consistent communication timing between devices and reduces transmission delays caused by clock deviations.

[0100] In some implementations of this embodiment, fast collision detection and retransmission are employed. When a collision is detected, retransmission is triggered immediately, and a shorter retransmission time is allocated to high-priority data packets. This mechanism ensures the timely transmission of critical data and reduces transmission delays caused by collisions.

[0101] Specifically, step S104 further includes:

[0102] In the event of terminal data transmission failure, a retransmission time is obtained based on priority and network load. A fourth instruction is then issued to the terminal based on this retransmission time. This fourth instruction includes a command to retransmit data to the terminal. The formula for calculating the retransmission time is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] in, For retransmission time; Minimum retransmission time; Maximum retransmission time; This refers to the priority of the data packets; The highest priority of the data packet; This represents the network load factor.

[0105] In summary, this invention aims to provide an industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection to address issues such as channel congestion, priority conflicts, high energy consumption, and insufficient real-time performance in high-density, highly dynamic industrial environments. Through adaptive channel selection and dynamic priority scheduling, this technology effectively solves the shortcomings of existing protocols in terms of channel congestion, priority conflicts, high energy consumption, and insufficient real-time performance, thereby improving the communication performance of the industrial IoT. Specifically, the adaptive channel selection mechanism can dynamically optimize channel allocation and reduce congestion; the dynamic priority scheduling algorithm can flexibly adjust priorities according to network status and data packet characteristics to ensure the priority transmission of critical data; low-power communication optimization can significantly reduce equipment energy consumption and extend equipment lifespan; and the real-time guarantee mechanism can ensure timely data transmission, meeting the high real-time requirements of industrial environments.

[0106] The following detailed example illustrates the application of an industrial IoT communication system based on adaptive channel selection in smart factory manufacturing and equipment monitoring and predictive maintenance scenarios. The specific embodiment demonstrates the efficiency and flexibility of this technology in a real-world industrial environment. In a smart factory manufacturing environment, this embodiment significantly improves the communication efficiency between industrial robots and sensors through adaptive channel selection, dynamic priority scheduling, low-power optimization, and real-time performance guarantees.

[0107] In this specific embodiment, a smart manufacturing environment in a factory typically includes equipment such as industrial robots, sensors, and PLC controllers. These devices need to transmit control commands and sensor data in real time to ensure the stability and efficiency of the production process. However, due to the large number of devices and limited channel resources, traditional communication technologies often cannot meet the high-density, high-dynamic communication requirements.

[0108] In this specific embodiment, the following describes the implementation process of this technology in a smart manufacturing environment: The industrial robot monitors the channel status in real time, selects the optimal channel to transmit control commands, and triggers a distributed collaborative switching mechanism when a channel quality degradation is detected to prevent multiple devices from switching to the same channel simultaneously. Dynamic priority scheduling is employed, with control commands having higher priority than sensor data to ensure the real-time performance of robot actions. During network congestion, the weight of urgent data is increased to ensure its priority transmission. Low-power optimization is implemented, with sensors entering low-power mode during non-communication periods and periodically waking up to transmit data. Data compression technology is used to reduce the amount of data transmitted, thus lowering energy consumption. Real-time performance is guaranteed: time synchronization technology ensures consistent communication timing between devices. When a conflict is detected, retransmission is immediately triggered to ensure the real-time performance of control commands.

[0109] This specific embodiment addresses the problems of channel congestion, rigid scheduling, and excessive energy consumption inherent in traditional communication technologies (such as Zigbee and MQTT) for automotive manufacturing assembly line scenarios. This case study achieves a comprehensive upgrade of the communication system by integrating adaptive channel selection, dynamic priority scheduling, and low-power optimization technologies.

[0110] In this specific embodiment, a dynamic jump algorithm based on real-time channel state monitoring (signal strength, signal-to-noise ratio, collision rate) combined with dynamic priority scheduling using a multi-parameter weight model optimizes communication latency from 45ms to 18ms (a 60% reduction), reduces packet loss rate from 7% to 0.8% (an 88.6% reduction), lowers sensor daily energy consumption by 60% (12mAh → 4.8mAh), and extends equipment lifespan to 18 months. It achieves ±0.2ms-level time synchronization accuracy via the IEEE 1588 protocol and supports concurrent communication of over 1000 devices in a single workshop (network load factor L≤0.3), significantly improving real-time performance, reliability, and energy efficiency in high-density industrial environments.

[0111] In this specific embodiment, the final assembly workshop of the automobile manufacturing plant has a production line that is 200 meters long and is divided into four major workstations: welding, assembly, painting, and quality inspection. It is equipped with 120 industrial robots (including 30 welding robots, 40 assembly robots, 20 painting robots, and 30 quality inspection robots), 600 high-precision sensors (including 200 temperature sensors, 200 pressure sensors, and 200 vision sensors), and 60 PLC controllers, resulting in an equipment density of 0.8 robots per square meter. At the welding workstation, the robots need to receive PLC control commands in real time (delay requirement ≤10ms, accuracy ±1ms) and simultaneously feed back welding parameters (temperature and pressure data, sampling frequency 100 Hz) to the edge nodes. The vision inspection robot at the quality inspection workstation generates 5MB / s 3D point cloud data through laser scanning, which must be transmitted and analyzed within 500ms to ensure timely inspection. Ten edge computing nodes deployed on the roof of the workshop (10-15 meters away from the equipment) are responsible for processing real-time data and issuing control commands, enabling inter-device collaboration through a hybrid wired and wireless network. The production environment has significant dynamic interference sources, including Wi-Fi devices operating within the workshop (occupying channels 1-6 in the 2.4 GHz band) and Bluetooth terminals (occupying channels 15-16), and the metal structural components cause signal attenuation of 8-12 dB.

[0112] The core challenges of this scenario are threefold: First, during peak periods, the concurrent communication of 120 robots and 600 sensors leads to channel resource competition, resulting in a high channel conflict rate under traditional solutions. Second, emergency fault alarm signals (such as welding temperature exceeding the limit) need to be responded to within 5ms, but the static priority mechanism results in a high average latency. Third, the battery-powered sensors are woken up once every second (an average of 86,400 wake-ups per day), and the battery life only lasts for 6 months, while the daily flow of uncompressed visual data exceeds 2 TB, further exacerbating the energy consumption pressure.

[0113] In this specific embodiment, spectrum sensing is used to dynamically scan the entire 2.4 GHz frequency band (channels 1-16) to avoid Wi-Fi (channels 1-6) and Bluetooth (channels 15-16), and the interference detection response time is less than 10 ms.

[0114] In this specific embodiment, channel hopping includes two parts: one is the triggering condition, namely, the signal strength is less than -75dBm or the collision rate is greater than 15%. The other is the coordination mechanism, namely, the base station coordinates the hopping of multiple devices to avoid channel contention. As shown in Table 1, this is the priority-based dynamic adjustment strategy of this specific embodiment.

[0115] Table 1. Dynamic adjustment strategy based on priority in this specific embodiment.

[0116]

[0117] In this specific embodiment, multi-hop relay is used, and multi-hop relay is implemented if the following conditions are met: the signal strength is greater than -70dBm (compensated by 3-5 dBm through relay nodes).

[0118] In this specific embodiment, data compression is employed. This method achieves a compression rate of 40% for the transmitted data of the device, with a compression latency of less than 1ms.

[0119] In this specific embodiment, as shown in Table 2, the device communication efficiency comparison table between this specific embodiment and the traditional solution shows that the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection provided by this specific embodiment can ensure that the average communication delay, peak maximum delay, data packet loss rate and channel congestion rate of the device are all better than those of the traditional solution.

[0120] Table 2 Comparison of device communication efficiency between this specific embodiment and the traditional solution

[0121]

[0122] In this specific embodiment, as shown in Table 3, it is a comparison table of the energy consumption optimization effect of this specific embodiment and the traditional solution, which shows that the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection provided by this specific embodiment can ensure that the energy consumption of each device is better than that of the traditional solution.

[0123] Table 3 Comparison of Equipment Energy Consumption Optimization Effects between This Specific Embodiment and the Traditional Solution

[0124]

[0125] In this specific embodiment, as shown in Table 4, there is a comparison table of the device reliability optimization effects between this specific embodiment and the traditional solution. It shows that the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection provided by this specific embodiment can ensure that the device's collision retransmission success rate, time synchronization accuracy, fault alarm response delay and network load coefficient are all better than those of the traditional solution.

[0126] Table 4 Comparison of Equipment Reliability Optimization Effects between This Specific Embodiment and the Traditional Solution

[0127]

[0128] In this specific embodiment, as shown in Table 5, there is a comparison table of the equipment economic benefits optimization effects between this specific embodiment and the traditional solution. It shows that the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection provided by this specific embodiment can ensure that the equipment's collision retransmission success rate, time synchronization accuracy, fault alarm response delay and network load coefficient are all better than those of the traditional solution.

[0129] Table 5 Comparison of Equipment Economic Benefit Optimization Effects between This Specific Embodiment and the Traditional Solution

[0130]

[0131] According to a second aspect of this application, an industrial IoT communication system based on adaptive channel selection is provided, the system comprising:

[0132] The receiving module 201 is used to receive corresponding channel hopping requests sent by one or more devices respectively. The channel hopping request is information from the device requesting to switch the current channel for transmitting data to the target channel.

[0133] The first sending module 203 is used to send a first instruction to a device when the target channel requested by a device to switch to is a preferred candidate idle channel. The first instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a preferred candidate idle channel, where the preferred candidate idle channel is a candidate idle channel in a candidate idle channel group.

[0134] The second sending module 204 is used to send a first instruction to the device with the highest priority and a second instruction to the other devices excluding the device with the highest priority when the target channel requested by multiple devices is a preferred candidate idle channel. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel group other than the preferred candidate idle channel.

[0135] In this embodiment, an industrial IoT communication system based on adaptive channel selection further includes a judgment module 202 before the first sending module, used to determine whether the target channel requested by a device for switching is a preferred candidate idle channel.

[0136] Specifically, this embodiment corresponds one-to-one with the above method embodiments. The functions of each module have been described in detail in the corresponding method embodiments, so they will not be repeated here.

[0137] According to a third aspect of this application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program thereon, the computer program including executable instructions that, when executed by a processor 301, implement the method described above.

[0138] The present invention can implement all or part of the processes in the above methods, or it can be accomplished by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by the processor 301, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code, recording media, USB flash drive, portable hard drive, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory 302, read-only memory 302 (ROM), random access memory 302 (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0139] According to a fourth aspect of this application, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0140] One or more processors 301;

[0141] The memory 302 is used to store the executable instructions of the processor 301, which, when executed by one or more processors 301, cause one or more processors 301 to implement the above-described method.

[0142] The electronic device is manifested in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: at least one processor 301, at least one memory 302, and a bus 303 connecting different system components (including memory 302 and processor 301).

[0143] The processor 301 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors 301, digital signal processors 301 (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor 301 may be a microprocessor 301, or any conventional processor 301. The processor 301 is the control center of the computer device, connecting various parts of the entire computer device through various interfaces and lines.

[0144] The memory 302 can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The processor 301 implements various functions of the computer device by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory 302 and calling the data stored in the memory 302. The memory 302 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and application programs required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.). The data storage area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone (such as audio data, video data, etc.). In addition, the memory 302 may include high-speed random access memory 302, and may also include non-volatile memory 302, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device 302, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state memory 302.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, servers, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage 302 and optical storage 302, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0146] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), servers, and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor 301 of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor 301 of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0147] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium 302 that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium 302 produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0148] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0149] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection, characterized in that, include: Receive corresponding channel hopping requests sent by one or more devices, wherein the channel hopping request is information from the device requesting to switch the current channel to the target channel; When a device requests to switch to a target channel that is a preferred candidate idle channel, a first instruction is sent to the device. The first instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a preferred candidate idle channel, where the preferred candidate idle channel is a candidate idle channel in a candidate idle channel group. When multiple devices request to switch to the target channel, which is a preferred candidate idle channel, for the multiple devices, a first instruction is sent to the device with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to the other devices among the multiple devices excluding the device with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel other than the preferred candidate idle channel in the candidate idle channel group. When the device is not in a communication period, a third instruction is issued to the device based on a dynamic wake-up time. This third instruction includes an instruction to wake up the device. The formula for calculating the dynamic wake-up time is as follows: in, The wake-up interval is dynamically adjusted. Based on the wake-up interval; The energy consumed by the equipment; The total energy of the equipment; This refers to the data packet arrival rate. Maximum packet arrival rate; In the event of a data transmission failure by the device, a retransmission time is obtained based on priority and network load. A fourth instruction is then issued to the device based on this retransmission time. This fourth instruction includes an instruction to retransmit the data. The formula for calculating the retransmission time is as follows: in, For retransmission time; Minimum retransmission time; Maximum retransmission time; This refers to the priority of the data packets; This represents the maximum priority of the data packet. This represents the network load factor.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When multiple devices request to switch to target channels that are all preferred candidate idle channels, for the multiple devices, a first instruction is sent to the device with the highest priority, and a second instruction is sent to each of the other devices excluding the device with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel other than the preferred candidate idle channel in the candidate idle channel group, including: A first sequence of all devices is established based on priority, and a second sequence of all candidate idle channels in the candidate idle channel group is established based on idle probability. The device with the highest priority is the device at the first position in the first sequence, and the preferred candidate idle channel is the candidate idle channel at the first position in the second sequence. A first instruction is sent to the device at the first position in the first sequence. A mapping relationship is established between the unallocated device group and the unallocated candidate idle channel group. The unallocated device group consists of devices of other ranks in the first sequence excluding the device with the highest priority. The unallocated candidate idle channel group consists of candidate idle channels of other ranks in the second sequence excluding the preferred candidate idle channel. Based on the mapping relationship, an instruction is sent to devices of other ranks to switch the current channel to the corresponding device of other ranks.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The establishment of a first sequence of all devices based on priority includes: The priority of each device is determined by the following formula: in, Priority; Basic priority; In terms of urgency; Energy consumption value; The remaining energy of the equipment; The energy threshold of the device; Basic priority weights, Assigning weights based on urgency, As energy consumption weight, satisfy ; Sort all devices in descending order of priority to establish a first sequence of all devices.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second sequence of all candidate idle channels in the candidate idle channel group, established based on idle probability, includes: The channel idle probability of each candidate idle channel is determined by the following formula: in, The probability of a candidate being idle; Signal strength; The maximum threshold for signal strength; Signal-to-noise ratio; The maximum threshold for signal-to-noise ratio; For conflict rate; The maximum threshold for the conflict rate; All candidate idle channels are sorted in descending order of their idle probability to establish a second sequence of all candidate idle channels.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Both the first instruction and the second instruction include a jump timestamp.

6. An industrial IoT communication system based on adaptive channel selection, applied to the industrial IoT communication method based on adaptive channel selection as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is used to receive corresponding channel hopping requests sent by one or more devices respectively. The channel hopping request is information from the device requesting to switch the current channel to the target channel. The first sending module is configured to send a first instruction to the device when the target channel requested by the device for hopping is a preferred candidate idle channel. The first instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to the preferred candidate idle channel, wherein the preferred candidate idle channel is a candidate idle channel in a candidate idle channel group. The second sending module is configured to, when multiple devices request to switch to the target channel, which is a preferred candidate idle channel, send a first instruction to the device with the highest priority and send a second instruction to the other devices excluding the device with the highest priority. The second instruction includes an instruction to switch the current channel to a candidate idle channel other than the preferred candidate idle channel in the candidate idle channel group.

7. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program includes executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any one of claims 1-5.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; A memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, which, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-5.

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