Light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device which comprises a sliding bearing seat, a detachable electromagnet and a novel bearing bush. The detachable electromagnet is located over the sliding bearing seat. The novel bearing bush is positioned in the sliding bearing seat; the detachable electromagnet is started before the shaft works, suction force to the shaft is generated, the pressure of the shaft on the bearing bush under the gravity effect is reduced, and abrasion to the bearing bush in the starting process of the shaft is reduced; through the oil groove structural design, the oil groove sectional area of the seriously-abraded end of the bearing bush is relatively large, so that lubricating oil is reasonably distributed according to working conditions, heat dissipation of local seriously-abraded places of the bearing bush is accelerated, the oil film thickness is maintained, and local abrasion is reduced; through the offset oil hole design, the design position is offset to the maximum oil film thickness position of the bearing bush, and the central axis position of the oil hole is vertically downward, so that the distribution of lubricating oil on the bearing bush is accelerated, the oil pressure part is converted into bearing rotation power, the energy loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the bearing bush bearing area stress is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lubrication technology, and in particular to a light-load starting and lubricating oil distributing heavy-load sliding bearing device. Background Art

[0002] A sliding bearing is a mechanical element that supports rotating parts through sliding friction. Its core technology lies in the formation of a lubricating film between the bearing shell and the journal to reduce friction and wear. Lubrication technology is a key technology that reduces friction and wear between relatively moving surfaces by introducing a lubricating medium, thereby reducing energy loss and extending equipment life. Modern sliding bearings use high-performance materials and advanced lubrication technology to adapt to high-speed, heavy-load or extreme working conditions. Key technologies include surface engineering and intelligent lubrication systems. The core principle is to form a lubricating film with load-bearing capacity at the contact interface, isolating or reducing direct contact between solid surfaces, thereby improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the mechanical system. Sliding bearings are widely used in wind power, shipbuilding, heavy machinery and other fields. Their development trend focuses on long life, low energy consumption and adaptive lubrication to meet the high reliability requirements of industrial equipment.

[0003] Sliding bearings are primarily used to support rotating shafts, reducing friction and wear while bearing radial or axial loads. Their core function is to form a stable lubricating film between the bearing shell and the journal through a lubricating medium (oil, grease, or solid lubricant), achieving low-friction operation while also providing vibration damping and noise control. Their advantages include high load capacity, resistance to shock and vibration, adaptability to various speeds, high reliability, simple structure, and easy maintenance.

[0004] The heavy-load sliding bearings currently on the market have the following defects: (1) When the shaft is just started, the lubricating oil does not enter the heavy load area, and no stable oil film can be formed in the heavy load area for a period of time. Therefore, the degree of wear on the bearing when the shaft is just started is much greater than that during its normal operation.

[0005] (2) Since the main shaft bears heavy load at the front end, the shaft usually tilts toward the front end, resulting in the heavy load area at the front end of the bearing being borne more heavily than the heavy load area at the rear end of the bearing. Therefore, the wear of the front end of the bearing is usually more serious than that of the rear end. However, the lubricating oil cannot be distributed reasonably as a whole according to the actual working conditions of the bearing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device, which has the characteristics of reducing the load on the bearing when the shaft is started to reduce the degree of bearing wear, making the flow distribution of lubricating oil more reasonable, and the electromagnet can be disassembled and replaced and then used in other bearing equipment.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device, including a sliding bearing seat, a detachable electromagnet and a new bearing shell; the detachable electromagnet is installed above the bearing cover of the sliding bearing seat, and the detachable electromagnet is fixed to the sliding bearing seat through a fixing groove and a fixing protrusion to reduce the collision caused by vibration; the new bearing shell structure is designed to be located on the upper bearing shell.

[0008] Preferably, the sliding bearing seat is composed of a fixing bolt, an oil inlet pipe, a bearing cover, a bearing base, a bearing shell, a cylindrical pin and a fixing protrusion; the lower bearing shell is placed on the bearing base, the lower bearing shell is located above the upper bearing shell, the upper part of the upper bearing shell is connected to the bearing cover through a cylindrical pin, the bearing cover and the bearing base are fastened by the left fixing bolt and the right fixing bolt, the oil inlet pipe vertically passes through the bearing cover to the cylindrical pin, and is collinear with the cylindrical pin, and the fixing protrusion is located on both sides of the bearing cover and the bearing base.

[0009] Preferably, the detachable electromagnet consists of an iron core, a coil, an electromagnet cover, an oil pipe hole, an electromagnet housing and a fixing groove; the iron core and the electromagnet housing are molten-welded and installed in an inclusive relationship and are located inside the coil; the coil is installed inside the electromagnet housing; the electromagnet cover is installed above the coil and is welded to the electromagnet housing and the iron core; the vertical center axis of the oil pipe hole is aligned with the center axis of the oil inlet pipe on the bearing seat, and is located directly above the oil inlet pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the new bearing is composed of an upper bearing and a lower bearing, and its structural design is the structural design of the upper bearing, consisting of a variable-section axial oil groove and an offset oil hole; the variable-section axial oil groove is located in the upper bearing, and the cross-section of the front end of the oil groove is the largest, linearly decreasing to the rear end of the oil groove, and a small section at the rear end is an equal-area oil groove, and the overall shape of the oil groove is trumpet-shaped, with the two sides of the oil groove tangent to the oil hole, and the symmetry axis of the oil groove is parallel to the center axis of the bearing; the offset oil hole is located in the upper bearing, and the center axis of the oil hole is vertically downward, and the position is offset to the place where the oil film thickness is the largest when the new bearing is in working condition, close to the front end of the bearing.

[0011] The benefits of this invention are: the present invention has the characteristics of reducing the load on the bearing during startup to achieve reduced wear of heavy-loaded bearings during startup, making the flow distribution of lubricating oil more reasonable, and the electromagnet can be removably replaced and applied to other bearing equipment; the removable electromagnet is connected to the top of the bearing cover through a fixed groove and a fixed protrusion, and the vertical upward magnetic force of the electromagnet on the shaft is used to reduce the pressure of the shaft on the bearing, thereby reducing the wear of the bearing when the shaft starts. After a stable oil film is formed on the surface of the bearing, the removable electromagnet is gradually closed and then removed (to continue working on other bearing equipment); the oil hole position design of the new bearing can accelerate the entry of lubricating oil into the bearing, and part of the oil pressure is converted into shaft rotational power torque, reducing the energy consumption of the shaft drive, reducing the pressure of the lubricating oil on the shaft, and thus reducing the load on the bearing; the oil groove structure design of the new bearing allows more lubricating oil to be distributed to places where the local load is too large, reducing local overheating and local excessive wear, and achieving similar working conditions within the same working time. The degree of wear on the front end of the bearing is reduced, thereby extending the service life of the bearing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A front view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable electromagnet in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a sliding bearing seat in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a new bearing shell in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] In the above figure: 1. Left fixing bolt; 2. Oil inlet pipe; 3. Right fixing bolt; 4. Bearing cover; 5. Lower bearing; 6. Upper bearing; 7. Bearing base mounting hole; 8. Bearing base; 9. Fixing protrusion; 10. Coil; 11. Iron core; 12. Oil pipe hole; 13. Electromagnet cover; 14. Fixing groove; 15. Cylindrical pin; 16. Variable-section axial oil groove; 17. Offset oil hole; 18. Electromagnet housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The following paragraphs describe the present invention in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0015] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more; when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it may be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it may be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intermediate component. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," and "tail" indicate positions or positional relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Example

[0016] Reference Figure 1-5 A light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device includes a new bearing shell, a detachable electromagnet, and a sliding bearing seat. It is characterized in that the new bearing shell is arranged on the upper bearing shell 6, which can better realize its role in the lubrication process; the detachable electromagnet is fixed by a fixing groove 14 and a fixing protrusion 9, and the damage to the bearing seat caused by vibration impact is reduced by increasing the contact area, thereby ensuring the stability of the operation; the bearing cover 4 of the sliding bearing seat is connected to the upper bearing shell 6 by a cylindrical pin 15 to ensure accurate positioning.

[0017] The new bearing shell is composed of an upper bearing shell 6 and a lower bearing shell 5; the upper bearing shell 6 is structurally designed as a variable-section axial oil groove 16 and an offset oil hole 17; the variable-section axial oil groove 16 is designed with a front-end cross-sectional area larger than a rear-end cross-sectional area, so that the lubricating oil is distributed more at the front end, the heat dissipation at the front end of the bearing shell is accelerated, the stability of the lubricating oil film thickness is enhanced, the wear of the front end of the lower bearing shell 5 is alleviated, and the lubricating oil flow is distributed according to the working conditions; the offset oil hole 17 is positioned toward the point where the oil film thickness is maximum when the bearing shell is in working condition, with its central axis pointing vertically downward, and the lubricating oil enters the new bearing shell at a certain initial velocity. The component velocity in the direction of the linear velocity is consistent with the linear velocity at the position where the lubricating oil and the shaft start to contact when the shaft is working, so as to accelerate the distribution of the lubricating oil on the entire bearing shell, and due to the offset position design of the offset oil hole 17, part of the lubricating oil pressure is converted into tangential power for shaft rotation to reduce energy loss, and the total pressure of the lubricating oil on the shaft is reduced, thereby reducing the pressure on the lower bearing shell 5.

[0018] The detachable electromagnet is composed of an iron core 11, a coil 10, an electromagnet cover 13, an oil pipe hole 12, an electromagnet shell 18 and a fixing groove 14; the iron core 11 is arranged inside the upper surface of the electromagnet shell 18 and is welded to it, so that the magnetic field of the electromagnet is more concentrated and the working efficiency is enhanced; the coil 10 is closely surrounded by the outer periphery of the iron core 11 and is arranged inside the electromagnet shell 18. After the coil 10 is energized, it generates a strong magnetic field through electromagnetism to achieve a vertical upward attraction on the shaft, thereby reducing the pressure of the shaft on the lower bearing 5 and reducing the wear of the lower bearing 5 when the shaft is just started; the electromagnet cover 13 is welded to the upper surface of the electromagnet shell 18 to seal the coil 10.

[0019] The sliding bearing seat is composed of a left fixing bolt 1, an oil inlet pipe 2, a right fixing bolt 3, a bearing cover 4, a lower bearing shell 5, an upper bearing shell 6, a bearing base 8, a fixing protrusion 9 and a cylindrical pin 15; the left fixing bolt 1 and the right fixing bolt 3 are perpendicular to the fitting body of the bearing cover 4 and the bearing base 8, connecting and fixing the bearing cover 4 and the bearing base 8; the oil inlet pipe 2 is located in the bearing cover 4, aligned with the offset oil hole 17 of the upper bearing shell 6, to meet the supply of lubricating oil; the cylindrical pin 15 ensures that the upper bearing shell 6, the bearing cover 4 and the oil inlet pipe 2 cooperate with each other to ensure accurate positioning.

[0020] Working principle: Before the shaft starts, first turn on the detachable electromagnet to generate a vertical upward magnetic force on the shaft, so that the pressure of the shaft on the bearing shell is reduced, and then start the rotation of the shaft. After a certain period of time, the oil film is basically formed, and then the magnetic force of the electromagnet is gradually reduced until the electromagnet stops working. The light-load starting work is completed, and the electromagnet can be removed and continued to be used for light-load starting of other bearing equipment; the external oil pipe is connected to the oil inlet pipe through the oil pipe hole 17 of the detachable electromagnet to deliver the lubricating oil to the offset oil hole 17 of the upper bearing shell 6; the variable-section axial oil groove 16 is designed with a front-end cross-sectional area larger than the rear-end cross-sectional area to achieve more lubricating oil distribution at the front end, accelerate the heat dissipation and strengthen the front end of the bearing shell The stability of the lubricating oil film thickness alleviates the wear on the front end of the lower bearing 5 and realizes the distribution of the lubricating oil flow according to the working conditions; the offset oil hole 17 is positioned to the point where the oil film thickness is maximum when the bearing is in working condition, with its central axis vertically downward, and the lubricating oil enters the new bearing with a certain initial velocity. The component velocity in the direction of the linear velocity is consistent with the linear velocity at the position where the lubricating oil and the shaft begin to contact when the shaft is working, thereby accelerating the distribution of the lubricating oil on the entire bearing. Moreover, due to the offset position design of the offset oil hole 17, part of the lubricating oil pressure is converted into tangential power for the shaft rotation to reduce energy loss, and the total pressure of the lubricating oil on the shaft is reduced, thereby reducing the pressure on the lower bearing 5.

[0021] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device, comprising a sliding bearing seat, a detachable electromagnet and a new bearing bush, characterized in that: The detachable electromagnet is arranged just above the sliding bearing seat, and the detachable electromagnet is fixed by matching the fixing protrusion (9) of the bearing cover (4) of the sliding bearing and the fixing protrusion (9) of the bearing base (8) with the fixing groove (14) of the electromagnet housing (18) of the detachable electromagnet; the new bearing is composed of an upper bearing (6) and a lower bearing (5), and a variable-section axial oil groove (16) and an offset oil hole (17) are designed on the upper bearing (6).

2. A light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding bearing seat is composed of a left fixing bolt (1), an oil inlet pipe (2), a right fixing bolt (3), a bearing cover (4), a lower bearing shell (5), an upper bearing shell (6), a bearing base mounting hole (7), a bearing base (8), a fixing protrusion (9), and a cylindrical pin (15); the lower bearing shell (5) is placed on the bearing base (8), the upper bearing shell (6) is located above the lower bearing shell (5), the upper part of the upper bearing shell (6) is positioned and connected to the bearing cover (4) through the cylindrical pin (15), the bearing cover (4) and the bearing base (8) are connected and fastened through the left fixing bolt (1) and the right fixing bolt (3), the oil inlet pipe (2) vertically passes through the bearing cover to the cylindrical pin (15), and is collinear with the cylindrical pin (15), and the fixing protrusion (9) is located on both sides of the bearing cover (4) and the bearing base (8).

3. A light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable electromagnet is composed of an electromagnet housing (18), a coil (10), an iron core (11), an oil pipe hole (12), an electromagnet cover (13), and a fixing groove (14); the electromagnet housing (18) and the iron core (11) are connected by molten welding, the coil (10) is placed inside the electromagnet housing (18), the iron core (11) is located inside the coil (10), the electromagnet cover (13) is arranged directly above the coil (10), and is connected to the electromagnet housing (18) by welding, the oil pipe hole (12) leads to the oil inlet pipe (2), and the fixing groove (14) is arranged on the inner surface of the electromagnet housing (18) and is matched with the fixing protrusion (9) of the bearing cover (4) and the bearing base (8).

4. A light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil groove is a variable-section axial oil groove (16) provided on the upper bearing (6). The cross-section of the variable-section axial oil groove (16) is the largest at the front end and decreases linearly to the rear end of the oil groove (16). A small section at the rear end is an oil groove of equal area. The overall shape of the oil groove (16) is trumpet-shaped. Both sides of the oil groove (16) are tangent to the oil hole. The symmetry axis of the oil groove (16) is parallel to the central axis of the bearing.

5. The light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offset oil hole (17) is designed on the upper bearing (6), and the center axis of the offset oil hole (17) is vertically downward, and the position is offset to the place where the oil film thickness is the largest in the working state of the new bearing, close to the front end of the new bearing.

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