Gas adsorption reaction device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gas adsorption reaction apparatus, which comprises: a reaction container for performing an adsorption reaction on toxic or corrosive steam and a test material therein; the gas supply unit is connected with the reaction container and provides toxic or corrosive steam with preset parameters for the reaction container, and the preset parameters comprise temperature, humidity and concentration; and the tail gas treatment unit is connected with the reaction container and is used for absorbing and treating the residual toxic or corrosive gas after the adsorption reaction process. According to the gas adsorption reaction device, the reaction container and the gas supply unit are connected and matched, the gas supply unit can continuously provide toxic / corrosive steam for the reaction container, the temperature, humidity and concentration of the toxic / corrosive steam can be accurately controlled, and related requirements of toxic / corrosive steam adsorption experiment research are effectively met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas adsorption experiments, in particular to a gas adsorption reaction device. Background Art

[0002] To study the adsorption behavior of toxic / corrosive gases such as I2, CH3I, and HI on material surfaces, a multi-parameter adjustable (temperature, humidity, toxic / corrosive gas concentration, gas flow rate, and pressure) experimental setup is required. Safety, corrosion resistance, adequate gas mixing, and stable gas supply are essential for conducting these experiments. However, no experimental setup currently meets these requirements.

[0003] Taking iodine vapor generators as an example, the current common method involves placing iodine powder in a container, controlling the temperature and pressure to generate iodine vapor, and then using a gas to carry it out. This method can generate iodine vapor, but the iodine vapor evaporates quickly in the initial stages, resulting in a high iodine concentration. Later in the experiment, as the amount of iodine powder decreases, the iodine vapor evaporates more slowly, and the iodine concentration decreases. This makes it impossible to stably generate and monitor the temperature, humidity, and concentration of the iodine vapor after it is carried out, resulting in unstable experimental operations.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design an innovative multi-parameter toxic / corrosive gas adsorption reaction device to meet the experimental needs of studying the adsorption behavior of toxic / corrosive gases on the surface of materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an improved gas adsorption reaction device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a gas adsorption reaction device, comprising:

[0007] Reaction vessel, used for adsorption reaction between toxic or corrosive vapor and test material;

[0008] a gas supply unit connected to the reaction container and providing the reaction container with toxic or corrosive vapor having predetermined parameters, wherein the predetermined parameters include temperature, humidity and concentration;

[0009] The tail gas treatment unit is connected to the reaction container and is used to absorb and treat the toxic or corrosive gases remaining after the adsorption reaction process.

[0010] In one embodiment, the air supply unit includes a gas mixing container, a first branch for providing dry pure air at the test temperature, a second branch for providing saturated humidity air at the test temperature, and a third branch for providing saturated toxic or corrosive vapor at the test temperature;

[0011] The gas mixing container is connected to the reaction container through a main gas path; the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are all connected to the gas mixing container, and dry pure air, saturated humidity air and saturated toxic or corrosive vapor are respectively transported to the gas mixing container for mixing.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first branch includes a first air pump, a first air path connected between the outlet of the first air pump and the gas mixing container, a first pressure-stabilizing valve provided on the first air path, a first flow meter, a first removal module for removing carbon dioxide, a drying module, and a first temperature control module;

[0013] The first air pump pumps air into the first air path, causing the air to flow through the first pressure regulating valve, the first flow meter, the first removal module, the drying module and the first temperature control module in sequence to form dry pure air with an experimental temperature.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first removal module includes a sodium hydroxide solution; and the first temperature control module includes a water bath container.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second branch includes a second air pump, a second air path connected between the outlet of the second air pump and the gas mixing container, a second pressure-stabilizing valve provided on the second air path, a second flow meter, a second removal module for removing carbon dioxide, a water vapor generator, and a second temperature control module;

[0016] The second air pump pumps air into the second air path, causing the air to flow through the second pressure stabilizing valve, the second flow meter, the second removal module, the water vapor generator and the second temperature control module in sequence to form saturated humidity air with the experimental temperature.

[0017] In one embodiment, the second removal module includes a sodium hydroxide solution; and the second temperature control module includes a water bath container.

[0018] In one embodiment, the third branch includes a gas cylinder for providing dry compressed air, a third gas path connected between the outlet of the gas cylinder and the gas mixing container, a third pressure stabilizing valve provided on the third gas path, a third flow meter, a toxic / corrosive steam generator, and a third temperature control module;

[0019] The dry compressed air output from the gas cylinder enters the third gas path, so that the dry compressed air flows sequentially through the third pressure stabilizing valve, the third flow meter, the toxic / corrosive steam generator and the third temperature control module to form saturated toxic or corrosive steam with the experimental temperature.

[0020] In one embodiment, the tail gas treatment unit includes a scrubbing container filled with absorbent, and the scrubbing container is connected to the reaction container via a tail gas pipe.

[0021] In one embodiment, the gas adsorption reaction device further includes a vacuum pump unit and a three-way valve; the vacuum pump unit and the tail gas pipe are respectively connected to the reaction container through the three-way valve.

[0022] In one embodiment, the gas adsorption reaction device further includes a heat-insulating shell, and the reaction container, the gas supply unit and the tail gas treatment unit are all arranged in the heat-insulating shell.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the connection and coordination between the reaction container and the gas supply unit, the gas supply unit can continuously provide toxic / corrosive vapor to the reaction container and can accurately control its temperature, humidity and concentration, effectively meeting the relevant needs of toxic / corrosive vapor adsorption experimental research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a gas adsorption reaction device according to one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a gas adsorption reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a reaction container 10 , a gas supply unit and an exhaust gas treatment unit 60 respectively connected to the reaction container 10 .

[0028] The reaction vessel 10 provides adsorption reaction conditions for the toxic or corrosive vapor to react with the test material. The gas supply unit provides the reaction vessel 10 with toxic or corrosive vapor at predetermined parameters, including temperature, humidity, and concentration. The exhaust gas treatment unit 60 absorbs and treats any remaining toxic or corrosive gases after the adsorption reaction, preventing them from being released into the air and potentially harming experimenters.

[0029] Depending on the experimental requirements, after the test material has been adsorbed within the reaction vessel 10, the amount of toxic or corrosive vapor adsorbed by the test material can be measured using a gas chromatograph. Alternatively, the adsorbed test material can be eluted, and the amount of toxic or corrosive substances in the eluate can be measured to obtain the amount of toxic or corrosive vapor adsorbed by the test material. For example, for a test material that adsorbs iodine vapor, elution can be performed using anhydrous ethanol, and then the iodine in the eluate can be measured using ICP-OES to indirectly determine the adsorption amount.

[0030] Specifically, the reaction vessel 10 can be implemented as a reactor. The test material can be formed by coating a carrier with a paint such as epoxy paint; the carrier can be, but is not limited to, metal (such as stainless steel), concrete, or plastic. Prior to testing, epoxy paint is applied to the carrier surface and cured to form a test body.

[0031] The air supply unit may include a gas mixing container 20, a first branch 30, a second branch 40, and a third branch 50, each connected to the gas mixing container 20. The first branch 30 is used to provide dry, pure air at a test temperature and deliver the dry, pure air to the gas mixing container 20. The second branch 40 is used to provide saturated, humidified air at a test temperature and deliver the saturated, humidified air to the gas mixing container 20. The third branch 50 is used to provide saturated toxic or corrosive vapor at a test temperature and deliver the saturated toxic or corrosive vapor to the gas mixing container 20. The dry, pure air from the first branch 30, the saturated, humidified air from the second branch 40, and the saturated toxic or corrosive vapor from the third branch 50 are mixed in the gas mixing container 20 to form toxic or corrosive vapor having a preset temperature, humidity, and concentration.

[0032] The gas flow rate of each branch is adjustable, thereby controlling the humidity of the mixed gas and the concentration of gaseous toxic / corrosive gases in the gas mixing container 20 .

[0033] Alternatively, the first branch 30 may specifically include a first air pump 31, a first air path 32 connected between the outlet of the first air pump 31 and the gas mixing container 20, a first pressure-stabilizing valve 33 provided on the first air path 32, a first flowmeter 34, a first removal module 35 for removing carbon dioxide, a drying module 36, and a first temperature control module 37. The first air pump 31 pumps air into the first air path 32, causing the air to flow through the first pressure-stabilizing valve 33, the first flowmeter 34, the first removal module 35, the drying module 36, and the first temperature control module 37 in sequence, forming dry, pure air at the experimental temperature.

[0034] The first air pump 31 can preferably be a diaphragm pump. A first pressure-stabilizing valve 33 and a first flowmeter 34 at the outlet of the diaphragm pump are used to control the flow rate of the first air path 32. The first air pump 31 pumps air into the first air path 32. The air then passes through a first removal module 35 and a drying module 36 to remove carbon dioxide and water vapor from the air. The air then flows through a first temperature control module 37, where the air temperature is adjusted to the experimental temperature before entering the gas mixing container 20.

[0035] The first removal module 35 includes a sodium hydroxide solution, which is contained in a solution bottle. Air is passed into the solution bottle so that carbon dioxide is absorbed by the sodium hydroxide solution and then discharged back to the first gas path after completion. The drying module 36 may include a gas washing bottle 361 equipped with an anhydrous calcium chloride desiccant. Air enters the gas washing bottle 361 and returns to the first gas path 32 after drying. To improve the drying effect, the drying module 36 may also include a drying bottle 362 equipped with a silica gel desiccant. The drying bottle 362 and the gas washing bottle 361 are connected in series between the first removal module 35 and the first temperature control module 37. The first temperature control module 37 may include a water bath container (such as a water bath or a water bath bottle), which regulates (heats) the air temperature in a water bath manner and passes into the gas mixing container 20 after reaching the experimental temperature.

[0036] Alternatively, the second branch 40 may include a second air pump 41, a second air path 42 connected between the outlet of the second air pump 41 and the gas mixing container 20, a second pressure-stabilizing valve 43 provided on the second air path 42, a second flowmeter 44, a second removal module 45 for removing carbon dioxide, a water vapor generator 46, and a second temperature control module 47. The second air pump 41 pumps air into the second air path 42, causing the air to flow through the second pressure-stabilizing valve 43, the second flowmeter 44, the second removal module 45, the water vapor generator 46, and the second temperature control module 47 in sequence, forming saturated humidity air at the experimental temperature.

[0037] A second pressure-stabilizing valve 43 and a second flowmeter 44 at the outlet of the second air pump 41 are used to control the flow rate of the second air path 42. The second air pump 41 pumps air into the second air path 42. The air first passes through a second removal module 45 to remove carbon dioxide from the air, then enters a water vapor generator 46 to increase the humidity of the air. Finally, the air passes through a second temperature control module 47 to adjust the air temperature to the experimental temperature before entering the gas mixing container 20.

[0038] Second removal module 45 comprises sodium hydroxide solution, and sodium hydroxide solution is contained in solution bottle, and air passes into this solution bottle so that carbon dioxide is absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution, and is discharged and returned to second air path 42 after finishing.Water vapor generator 46 can be realized by water bath and the reagent bottle placed therein, and water bath heats the reagent bottle that pure water is housed, thereby heats pure water wherein, and air passes into this reagent bottle and improves humidity and then returns to second air path 42.The relative humidity of the air flow after passing through the reagent bottle is close to the saturated humidity under the set temperature.Second temperature control module 47 may comprise water bath container (such as water bath box or water bath bottle etc.), regulates (condenses) the air temperature after humidification in water bath mode, passes into gas mixing container 20 after reaching experimental temperature.High temperature and high humidity air flow enters water bath container subsequently, and the temperature of water bath container and surrounding pipeline is identical with the set temperature of adsorption experiment, is lower than steam generation temperature. The airflow is cooled in the water bath container, and its ability to hold water vapor is reduced. It then reaches complete saturation at this lower temperature and begins to condense into water droplets. Therefore, the airflow at the outlet of the water bath container is saturated humidity air at the experimental temperature.

[0039] Alternatively, the third branch 50 may include a gas cylinder 51 for providing dry compressed air, a third gas path 52 connected between the outlet of the gas cylinder 51 and the gas mixing container 20, a third pressure-stabilizing valve 53, a third flowmeter 54, a toxic / corrosive vapor generator 55, and a third temperature control module 56. The dry compressed air output from the gas cylinder enters the third gas path 52, flows sequentially through the third pressure-stabilizing valve 53, the third flowmeter 54, the toxic / corrosive vapor generator 55, and the third temperature control module 56, and forms saturated toxic or corrosive vapor at the experimental temperature.

[0040] Because the flow control precision requirements for the third branch 50 are very high, the third branch 50 is supplied with dry compressed air from a gas cylinder 51. Compared to air supplied by an air pump, the airflow provided by the gas cylinder 51 is more stable and does not experience flow fluctuations due to pump operation disturbances. The third pressure-stabilizing valve 53 and third flowmeter 54 on the third air path 52 control the flow rate of the airflow entering the third branch 50. After the airflow enters the toxic / corrosive vapor generator 55, it forms toxic / corrosive vapor, which then enters the third temperature control module 56 for temperature regulation, ultimately forming saturated toxic / corrosive vapor at the experimental temperature.

[0041] Among them, the toxic / corrosive steam generator 55 can be realized by a water bath and a toxic / corrosive reagent bottle placed therein. The water bath heats the toxic / corrosive reagent bottle, thereby heating the toxic / corrosive reagent therein, and the airflow flows into the toxic / corrosive reagent bottle and then returns to the third air path 52.

[0042] The third temperature control module 56 includes a water bath container (such as a water bath box or a water bath bottle, etc.), which adjusts (condenses) the temperature of the toxic / corrosive vapor in a water bath manner and introduces it into the gas mixing container 20 after reaching the experimental temperature.

[0043] In order to maintain the temperature of the mixed gas in the gas mixing container 20, the gas mixing container 20 is placed in a constant temperature water bath.

[0044] The airflows in the first, second, and third branches 30, 40, 50 are individually adjustable. By continuously adjusting the gas flow rates in each branch, the mixing ratio is controlled, ensuring that the output gas from the mixing vessel 20 meets the desired toxic / corrosive gas concentration and humidity conditions. Furthermore, to further ensure stable and controllable airflow temperature, all connecting pipes (including the first through third gas lines 32, 52) are wrapped with silicone heating tape with a temperature controller, except for the constant-temperature water bath.

[0045] One-way valves are also provided on the first branch 30 , the second branch 40 and the third branch 50 to prevent reverse flow of air.

[0046] The mixing vessel 20 is connected to the reaction vessel 10 via a main gas line 21. The toxic or corrosive vapors mixed with the air in the mixing vessel 20 are transported to the reaction vessel 10. The toxic or corrosive vapors have the temperature, humidity, and concentration required for the adsorption reaction, satisfying the adsorption requirements of the test material in the reaction vessel 10. The main gas line 21 is equipped with a booster pump 22 and a fourth flowmeter 23, and may also be equipped with a one-way valve. The reaction vessel 10 is also equipped with a pressure gauge to monitor the pressure within the reaction vessel 10 in real time.

[0047] Further optionally, the gas adsorption reaction device also includes an insulating shell (not shown), and the reaction container 10, the gas supply unit and the tail gas treatment unit 60 are all arranged in the insulating shell to further ensure that the temperature of the airflow is stable and controllable.

[0048] The tail gas treatment unit 60 may include a scrubber containing an absorbent, which is connected to the reaction vessel 10 via a tail gas pipe. The absorbent is selected based on the type of toxic / corrosive vapor to absorb gases in the reaction vessel 10 that are not adsorbed by the test material. A flow meter may also be provided at the front end of the scrubber to measure the mass flow of gas entering the scrubber.

[0049] The gas adsorption reaction device further includes a vacuum pump unit 70 , which is connected to the reaction container 10 and is used to evacuate the reaction container 10 before the experiment.

[0050] In one embodiment, the tail gas pipes of the vacuum pump unit 70 and the tail gas treatment unit 60 are respectively connected to the reaction container 10 through a three-way valve 80, and the switching between the vacuum pump unit 70 and the tail gas treatment unit 60 is achieved through the three-way valve 80, thereby improving the convenience of experimental operation.

[0051] To ensure safety and material compatibility during the experiment, all piping and connectors used in the gas adsorption reaction device are made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). This material was chosen primarily because it does not adsorb the experimental substances, and its high-temperature and corrosion resistance also meet the experimental requirements.

[0052] In view of the potential harm of vapor to human health and the environment, the entire gas adsorption reaction device was arranged in a fume hood.

[0053] The gas adsorption reaction device of the present invention is suitable for toxic or corrosive gases including I2, CH3I, HI, etc. Taking the iodine vapor experiment as an example, the tail gas treatment unit 60 uses carbon tetrachloride as the absorbent, and the amount of carbon tetrachloride used can be calculated according to the following formula (1):

[0054]

[0055] Where, is the mass of carbon tetrachloride required, g; Qm is the mass flow rate of the gas in the scrubbing container entering the tail gas treatment unit, g / h; is the concentration of toxic or corrosive molecules in the gas supply unit, using the mass fraction of toxic or corrosive / air, ppm; t is the total ventilation time, h; s is the solubility of toxic / corrosive in carbon tetrachloride at different temperatures (g / 100g).

[0056] The tail gas treatment unit 60 is placed at room temperature. The solubility of the toxic / corrosive element in carbon tetrachloride at 25°C is 2.9g / 100g. Substituting Qm=7.1g / h, S = 2.9 / 100, t = 80h = 3.91 g. The carbon tetrachloride in the 250 ml gas scrubber exceeds 100 ml. It should be replaced regularly based on the calculated value to ensure that the toxic / corrosive content does not exceed the standard and to ensure the safety of the experimenters.

[0057] When using the gas adsorption reaction device of the present invention, after confirming the experimental parameters of the toxic or corrosive carrier gas, including temperature T, humidity RH, concentration C0, and total flow rate L, the flow rates of each branch are calculated, assuming the airflow in the first branch 30 is completely dry air and the airflow in the second branch 40 is completely saturated with moisture. Since the third branch 50 supplies saturated toxic or corrosive vapor, and the toxic or corrosive concentration in the gas supply unit's total gas line 21 is much lower than the saturated toxic / corrosive vapor concentration in the third branch 50, the flow rate in the third branch 50 should also be much lower than that in the first and second branches 30, 40, and its impact on the mixed gas humidity is negligible.

[0058] Taking toxic or corrosive vapor as I2 as an example, let the gas flow rates of the first branch 30, the second branch 40, and the third branch 50 be x, y, and z respectively, and the following formula can be obtained:

[0059] x+y+z=100(two)

[0060]

[0061] The iodine concentration in saturated iodine vapor at different temperatures can be calculated using the following variant of the ideal gas state equation:

[0062]

[0063] Where, is the saturated iodine partial pressure at different temperatures, as shown in Table 1; is the molar mass of I2, g / mol; M air is the molar mass of air, g / mol; is the concentration of iodine molecules in saturated iodine vapor at different temperatures, using the mass fraction of iodine / air (ppm); M air =28.96 g / mol and Substitute into the calculation, part The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Assuming the flow rate of the third branch is X ml / min, the following equation is obtained based on the law of conservation of mass:

[0065]

[0066] Will Substituting into formula (6) we can get That is, the ratio of the third branch flow to the total flow, and then the flow of the third branch is obtained. Some results are shown in Table 1.

[0067] Table 1

[0068]

[0069] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas adsorption reaction device, characterized in that: include: Reaction vessel, used for adsorption reaction between toxic or corrosive vapor and test material; a gas supply unit connected to the reaction container and providing the reaction container with toxic or corrosive vapor having predetermined parameters, wherein the predetermined parameters include temperature, humidity and concentration; The tail gas treatment unit is connected to the reaction container and is used to absorb and treat the toxic or corrosive gases remaining after the adsorption reaction process.

2. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply unit includes an air mixing container, a first branch for providing dry pure air at the experimental temperature, a second branch for providing saturated humidity air at the experimental temperature, and a third branch for providing saturated toxic or corrosive vapor at the experimental temperature; The gas mixing container is connected to the reaction container through a main gas path; the first branch, the second branch and the third branch are all connected to the gas mixing container, and dry pure air, saturated humidity air and saturated toxic or corrosive vapor are respectively transported to the gas mixing container for mixing.

3. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first branch includes a first air pump, a first air path connected between the outlet of the first air pump and the gas mixing container, a first pressure-stabilizing valve provided on the first air path, a first flow meter, a first removal module for removing carbon dioxide, a drying module, and a first temperature control module; The first air pump pumps air into the first air path, causing the air to flow through the first pressure regulating valve, the first flow meter, the first removal module, the drying module and the first temperature control module in sequence to form dry pure air with an experimental temperature.

4. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first removal module includes a sodium hydroxide solution; the first temperature control module includes a water bath container.

5. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second branch includes a second air pump, a second air path connected between the outlet of the second air pump and the gas mixing container, a second pressure stabilizing valve provided on the second air path, a second flow meter, a second removal module for removing carbon dioxide, a water vapor generator and a second temperature control module; The second air pump pumps air into the second air path, causing the air to flow through the second pressure stabilizing valve, the second flow meter, the second removal module, the water vapor generator and the second temperature control module in sequence to form saturated humidity air with the experimental temperature.

6. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second removal module includes a sodium hydroxide solution; and the second temperature control module includes a water bath container.

7. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third branch includes a gas cylinder for providing dry compressed air, a third gas path connected between the outlet of the gas cylinder and the gas mixing container, a third pressure stabilizing valve, a third flow meter, a toxic / corrosive steam generator and a third temperature control module arranged on the third gas path; The dry compressed air output from the gas cylinder enters the third gas path, so that the dry compressed air flows sequentially through the third pressure stabilizing valve, the third flow meter, the toxic / corrosive steam generator and the third temperature control module to form saturated toxic or corrosive steam with the experimental temperature.

8. The gas adsorption reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The tail gas treatment unit includes a scrubbing container filled with absorbent, and the scrubbing container is connected to the reaction container through a tail gas pipe.

9. The gas adsorption reaction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas adsorption reaction device further includes a vacuum pump unit and a three-way valve; the vacuum pump unit and the tail gas pipe are respectively connected to the reaction container through the three-way valve.

10. The gas adsorption reaction device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The gas adsorption reaction device further comprises a heat-insulating shell, and the reaction container, the gas supply unit and the tail gas treatment unit are all arranged in the heat-insulating shell.

Images