Automatic early warning method for wax jamming of oil pumping unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to an automatic early warning method for wax jamming of an oil pumping unit. Comprising the following steps: detecting a real-time operation signal of an oil pumping unit through an oil pumping unit signal detection unit, and detecting a real-time operation signal of a motor through a motor signal detection unit; the detected real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit and the real-time operation signal of the motor are transmitted to a control unit connected with the oil pumping unit and the motor; the control unit judges whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit is matched with the real-time operation signal of the motor or not, and if not, the control unit sends a fault signal to an upper computer connected with the control unit to give an alarm. The problems that in the prior art, a wax card discovering mode through manual inspection and a wax card discovering mode through a contact switch arranged on a beam hanger or a square clip are both warned for treatment after the wax card occurs, the wax card situation cannot be found in advance, and then economic losses are caused are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction, and in particular to an automatic early warning method for wax jamming in an oil pumping unit. Background Art

[0002] In oilfield development, a pumping unit uses the up-and-down motion of a sucker rod to drive the reciprocating up-and-down motion of an underground pump plunger, pumping crude oil from underground to the surface. During this process, crude oil continuously rises from underground. As temperature and pressure decrease, and gases are released, paraffin wax in the crude oil crystallizes and precipitates when certain conditions are met. These crystals accumulate and precipitate on downhole pumps, pipes, and rods, causing wax buildup. One of the harmful effects of wax buildup is that it can clog the flow channels of the oil well, hindering smooth flow. Furthermore, the shedding and crusting of wax can block the reciprocating motion of the sucker rod, causing wax-stuck wells and significant economic losses for the company. There are currently two main ways to monitor wax jams. One is to rely on on-site inspections by company employees to detect wax jams. This method increases labor intensity and is prone to omissions. The other is to set a contact switch at the hanger or square clip. When a wax jam occurs, the hanger or square clip becomes loose, and the switch changes to an alarm. When this method sounds an alarm, the wax jam has already occurred, and it is impossible to detect and control it in advance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention proposes an automatic early warning method for wax jamming of an oil pump to solve the problem that wax jamming is previously discovered through manual inspections and by setting a contact switch using a hanging rope or a square clip. Both methods alarm and handle the problem after the wax jam has occurred, and the wax jam cannot be discovered in advance, thereby causing economic losses.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for automatically warning of wax jam in a pumping unit is provided, comprising: The pumping unit signal detection unit is provided on the pumping unit to detect the real-time operation signal of the pumping unit, and the motor signal detection unit is provided on the motor of the pumping unit to detect the real-time operation signal of the motor; The pumping unit signal detection unit transmits the detected real-time operation signal of the pumping unit and the motor signal detection unit transmits the detected real-time operation signal of the motor to a control unit connected thereto; After the control unit receives the real-time operation signals of the oil pump and the motor, it determines whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pump matches the real-time operation signal of the motor. If not, the control unit sends a fault signal to the host computer connected thereto to alarm.

[0005] Preferably, the pumping unit signal detection unit comprises: a magnet and a signal detection element; The magnet is mounted on the outer side wall of the sucker rod of the pumping unit, and is located close to the bottom dead center of the sucker rod; The signal detection element is installed on the top of the packing box of the pumping unit, and its position corresponds to the magnet; The signal detection element is connected to the control unit. The signal detection element detects a first voltage change signal when the magnet moves within a predetermined distance of the signal detection element and sends it to the control unit. The first voltage change signal is a real-time operation signal of the oil pump.

[0006] Preferably, the signal detection element is: a first mutual inductance coil or a Hall sensor; The first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is connected to a power supply through the control unit.

[0007] Preferably, the motor signal detection unit includes: a second mutual inductance coil; The second mutual inductance coil is arranged on the power line of the pumping unit motor, and the second mutual inductance coil is connected to the control unit; The second mutual inductance coil is used to detect a second voltage change signal of the motor when the pumping unit is running, and send it to the control unit. The second voltage change signal is a real-time operation signal of the motor.

[0008] Preferably, the control unit includes: a delay circuit or a timing comparator, a shaping filter circuit, a processing and synthesis module, and a power supply module; The signal detection element is connected to the delay circuit or the timing comparator, and the delay circuit or the timing comparator is connected to the processing and synthesis module; The second mutual inductance coil is connected to the shaping filter circuit, and the shaping filter circuit is connected to the processing and synthesis module; The processing and synthesis module is connected to the power supply module.

[0009] Preferably, the method for determining whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit matches the real-time operation signal of the motor includes: When the pumping unit is running at a normal stroke frequency, the pumping unit real-time operation signal is output as a high level after passing through a delay circuit or a timing comparator; when the pumping unit is running at an abnormal stroke frequency, the pumping unit real-time operation signal is output as a low level after passing through a delay circuit or a timing comparator; When the motor is in a powered-on state, the motor real-time operation signal is at a high level, and when the motor is in a powered-off state, the motor real-time operation signal is at a low level; The processing and synthesis module determines whether the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is a low level. If so, the real-time operation signal of the oil pump does not match the real-time operation signal of the motor. The processing and synthesis module sends a fault signal to the host computer through the signal transmission module.

[0010] Preferably, the fault signal includes: a wax stuck signal and a motor fault signal; If the processing and synthesis module determines that the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is low and the motor real-time operation signal is low, a motor fault signal is sent to the host computer; If the processing and synthesis module determines that the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is low and the motor real-time operation signal is high, a wax card signal is sent to the host computer.

[0011] Preferably, the control unit further comprises: a stand-alone encoding module; The stand-alone encoding module is used to store the corresponding pumping unit identification code; When the processing and synthesis module needs to send a fault signal to the host computer, the processing and synthesis module obtains the pumping unit identification code information in the single-unit encoding module, combines it with the fault signal and sends it to the host computer.

[0012] Preferably, the control unit further comprises: a wireless signal transmission module; The processing and synthesis module is connected to the host computer through the wireless signal transmission module.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises: an alarm unit; The host computer is connected to the alarm unit. When the host computer receives the fault signal sent by the control unit, the host computer controls the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

[0014] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes an automatic early warning method for wax jamming of an oil pumping unit. By setting an oil pumping unit signal detection unit and a motor signal detection unit to detect the real-time information of the pumping unit stroke frequency and the motor operating frequency, and matching the two, it is determined whether an abnormality occurs. Therefore, an alarm can be issued when signs of wax jamming appear, and intervention can be made in advance to remove the wax jam, while achieving the purpose of unmanned operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present invention and, together with the specification, are used to explain the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 1A flow chart showing an automatic early warning method for wax stuck in an oil pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a pumping unit signal detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of signal detection and identification according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0017] In the figure, 1- sucker rod, 2- magnet, 3- signal detection element, 4- packing box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Various exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent elements with the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless otherwise indicated.

[0019] The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein to mean “serving as an example, example, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments.

[0020] The term "and / or" herein simply describes an association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the existence of three situations: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, the term "at least one" herein refers to any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of items. For example, "at least one of A, B, and C" can represent any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0021] In addition, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed description to better illustrate the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be practiced without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 A flow chart showing an automatic early warning method for wax stuck in an oil pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a pumping unit signal detection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of signal detection and identification according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a control unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1-4As shown, a method for automatic early warning of wax jam in an oil pumping unit includes: step S01: detecting the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit by a oil pumping unit signal detection unit provided on the oil pumping unit, and detecting the real-time operation signal of the motor by a motor signal detection unit provided on the oil pumping unit motor; step S02: transmitting the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit detected by the oil pumping unit signal detection unit and the real-time operation signal of the motor detected by the motor signal detection unit to a control unit connected thereto; step S03: after the control unit receives the real-time operation signals of the oil pumping unit and the motor, it determines whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit and the real-time operation signal of the motor match; if not, the control unit sends a fault signal to a host computer connected thereto for alarm.

[0023] The automatic warning method for wax jamming of an oil pumping unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention specifically comprises the following steps: Step S01: detecting a real-time operating signal of the pumping unit by a pumping unit signal detection unit provided on the pumping unit, and detecting a real-time operating signal of the motor by a motor signal detection unit provided on the motor of the pumping unit.

[0024] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the pumping unit is operating normally, the stroke frequency of the pumping rod 1 of the pumping unit should be consistent with the power-on operating state of the pumping unit motor. Wax jamming does not occur suddenly, but is a gradual process. Before wax jamming occurs, wax deposition in the channel gradually becomes serious, and the blockage of the oil well's circulation channel becomes more and more serious, resulting in poor circulation. The up and down reciprocating speed of the pumping rod 1 will gradually decrease, and the stroke frequency of the pumping rod 1 will decrease until it stops. Therefore, if the stroke frequency of the pumping rod 1 is abnormally reduced and can be discovered in time, the impending wax jam of the pumping unit can be treated, and the economic losses caused by pumping unit shutdown can be prevented.

[0025] The real-time operation signal of the pumping unit is detected by the pumping unit signal detection unit, and the real-time operation signal of the motor is detected by the motor signal detection unit. By comparing the two, it can be found whether the pumping unit has an abnormal operation state due to wax jam.

[0026] In the present invention, the pumping unit signal detection unit includes: a magnet 2 and a signal detection element 3; the magnet 2 is installed on the outer wall of the sucker rod 1 of the pumping unit, and is located close to the bottom dead center of the sucker rod 1; the signal detection element 3 is installed on the top of the packing box 4 of the pumping unit, and its position corresponds to the magnet 2; the signal detection element 3 is connected to the control unit, and the signal detection element 3 detects a first voltage change signal when the magnet 2 moves within a predetermined distance of the signal detection element 3, and sends it to the control unit, and the first voltage change signal is the real-time operation signal of the pumping unit.

[0027] In this embodiment of the present invention, the bottom dead center of the sucker rod 1 is located near the rope hanger above the sucker rod 1. A magnet 2 is mounted on the outer wall of the sucker rod 1. Each time the sucker rod 1 performs a downstroke, it drives the magnet 2 downward to a position above the oil well near the packing box 4. A signal detection unit is located above the packing box 4 and is powered by a control unit. The signal detection unit detects changes in the magnetic field as the magnet 2 approaches during each downstroke of the pumping unit. This change in magnetic field causes a voltage change in the signal detection element 3. The signal detection element 3 transmits this voltage change signal, namely a first voltage change signal, to the control unit. The control unit can then determine whether the pumping unit is operating normally based on this first voltage change signal, i.e., a real-time operation signal. When the magnet 2 approaches the signal detection element 3, the sucker rod 1 has reached its bottom dead center, and the signal detection element 3 detects a voltage increase. In other words, each voltage increase in the first voltage change signal represents a completed downstroke of the pumping unit.

[0028] In the present invention, the signal detection element 3 is: a first mutual inductance coil or a Hall sensor; the first mutual inductance coil or the Hall sensor is connected to a power supply through the control unit.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is installed on the top of the packing box 4 of the pumping unit, and the position corresponds to the magnet 2. Every time the bottom dead point of the sucker rod 1 reaches the wellhead, the magnet 2 approaches the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor. At this time, the voltage output by the energized first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor will change, that is, the voltage will increase. Therefore, when the pumping unit is operating normally, the voltage signal output by the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is in a regular pulse state. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The voltage signal A is the voltage change signal output by the first mutual inductance coil or the Hall sensor when the pumping unit operates normally.

[0030] In the present invention, the motor signal detection unit includes: a second mutual inductance coil; the second mutual inductance coil is arranged on the power line of the oil pump motor, and the second mutual inductance coil is connected to the control unit; the second mutual inductance coil is used to detect the second voltage change signal of the motor when the oil pump is running, and send it to the control unit, and the second voltage change signal is the real-time operation signal of the motor.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second mutual inductance coil is sleeved on the power line of the motor, and the second mutual inductance coil is connected to the control unit. When the oil pump starts running, the motor is connected to the power supply, the voltage of the motor power line will increase, and the voltage of the second mutual inductance coil sleeved on the outside thereof will also change at the same time, that is, the signal output by the second mutual inductance coil is consistent with the waveform of the power line, which is 50Hz. Therefore, when the motor is operating normally, the voltage signal output by the second mutual inductance coil should be in a stable high voltage state after shaping and filtering. The second mutual inductance coil sends the voltage signal, that is, the second voltage change signal (the real-time operation signal of the motor) to the control unit, and the control unit can determine the motor operation state, that is, the real-time operation signal, based on the second voltage change signal. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The B voltage signal is the voltage signal output when the motor is running normally.

[0032] Step S02: the pumping unit signal detection unit transmits the detected real-time operation signal of the pumping unit and the motor signal detection unit transmits the detected real-time operation signal of the motor to a control unit connected thereto.

[0033] In the present invention, the control unit includes: a delay circuit or a timing comparator, a shaping filter circuit, a processing synthesis module and a power supply module; the signal detection element 3 is connected to the delay circuit or the timing comparator, and the delay circuit or the timing comparator is connected to the processing synthesis module; the second mutual inductance coil is connected to the shaping filter circuit, and the shaping filter circuit is connected to the processing synthesis module; the processing synthesis module is connected to the power supply module.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present invention, a first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is connected to a delay circuit or timing comparator via a signal amplification converter; a second mutual inductance coil is connected to a shaping filter circuit via a distribution box. The delay circuit or timing comparator is used to shape and convert the regularly pulsed voltage signal output by the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor, i.e., the real-time operating signal of the pumping unit under normal operating conditions, into a stable and continuous voltage signal. If the voltage signal output by the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is a pulse voltage signal at intervals of a predetermined time, such as 10 seconds, the delay circuit or timing comparator slowly releases each pulse voltage signal within the predetermined time interval, forming a continuous and stable voltage signal. If the pulse voltage signal interval exceeds the predetermined time, such as a pulse signal every 12 seconds, the delay circuit or timing comparator will no longer be able to continuously and stably output the voltage. Specifically, if the voltage pulses within the specified time, the output is high; if the voltage pulses exceed the specified time, the output is low.

[0035] The shaping and filtering circuit is used to step down, shape and filter the voltage output by the second mutual inductance coil before outputting it, so as to ensure that the voltage transmitted to the processing and synthesis module is stable and safe and not too high.

[0036] The power supply module is used to supply power to the first mutual inductance coil, the second mutual inductance coil, the Hall sensor, etc. through the processing and synthesis module.

[0037] Step S03: After the control unit receives the real-time operation signals of the pumping unit and the motor, it determines whether the real-time operation signals of the pumping unit and the motor match. If not, the control unit sends a fault signal to the host computer connected thereto to alarm.

[0038] In the present invention, the method for judging whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit and the real-time operation signal of the motor match includes: when the stroke frequency of the oil pumping unit is in a normal state, the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit is output as a high level after passing through a delay circuit or a timing comparator; when the stroke frequency of the oil pumping unit is in an abnormal state, the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit is output as a low level after passing through a delay circuit or a timing comparator; when the motor is in a power-on state, the real-time operation signal of the motor is high level; when the motor is in a power-off state, the real-time operation signal of the motor is low level; the processing and synthesis module judges whether the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is low level; if so, the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit and the real-time operation signal of the motor do not match, and the processing and synthesis module sends a fault signal to the host computer through the signal transmission module.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present invention, when the pumping unit is operating normally, with each stroke of the pumping rod 1 reciprocating up and down, a small magnet 2 fixed to the bottom dead center of the pumping rod 1 regularly and continuously approaches a signal detection element 3, namely a first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor. When the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is energized, its voltage is affected by the magnetic field of magnet 2, generating a voltage pulse signal (a first voltage change signal) indicating the pumping unit's operation, i.e., a real-time operation signal. This real-time operation signal passes through a signal amplification converter and reaches a delay circuit or timing comparator. After delay shaping by the delay circuit or timing comparator, it generates a continuously stable high-level output. When the motor is energized and operating normally, the voltage of the second mutual inductance coil, which is located outside its power line, increases, and after passing through a shaping filter circuit, it generates a continuously stable high-level output.

[0040] The processing and synthesis module determines that if the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is high level, and the output of the shaping filter circuit is also high level, it means that the oil pumping unit and the motor are operating normally.

[0041] When wax jam is about to occur, the operation of the pumping unit slows down, the frequency of the sucker rod strokes decreases, and the voltage pulse interval becomes longer. When the predetermined time is exceeded, the first voltage change signal detected by the first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor, that is, the real-time operation signal, generates a low level after passing through the delay circuit or timing comparator.

[0042] The processing and synthesis module determines that if the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is a low level and the output of the shaping filter circuit is a high level, it means that the oil pump will be stuck.

[0043] When the motor fails, the power line voltage of the motor decreases or becomes zero, and the second voltage change signal detected by the second mutual inductance coil also decreases or becomes zero, and generates a low level or zero after passing through the shaping filter circuit.

[0044] The processing and synthesis module determines that if the low level output by the delay circuit or the timing comparator is also low level output by the shaping filter circuit, it indicates that the motor has a fault.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, when the first voltage change signal (real-time operation signal of the pumping unit) is detected as A, the regular pulses in signal A indicate the normal working state of the pumping unit; when the second voltage change signal (real-time operation signal of the motor) is detected as B, it indicates the potential signal when the motor is running normally; Figure 3 The high level part of signal C is the state delay signal of signal A after being shaped by the delay circuit or timing comparator; when signal B is high level, the high level of signal C indicates that the oil pump is operating normally. When signal C is low level, that is, there is no pulse signal of signal A (or a delayed pulse appears), it indicates that a wax jam has occurred. When signal B is low level, it indicates that the oil pump is in a fault power outage state, and signal C does not work. Whether there is a wax jam can be determined based on the status of signals B and C.

[0046] The values ​​of high level and low level are set according to the corresponding voltage values ​​under normal and fault conditions when the specific pumping unit is running. For example, greater than or equal to 6V is a high level, and less than or equal to 5V is a low level.

[0047] In the present invention, the fault signal includes: a wax jam signal and a motor fault signal; if the processing synthesis module determines that when the delay circuit or the timing comparator output is a low level and the motor real-time operation signal is a low level, the motor fault signal is sent to the host computer; if the processing synthesis module determines that when the delay circuit or the timing comparator output is a low level and the motor real-time operation signal is a high level, the wax jam signal is sent to the host computer.

[0048] In this embodiment of the present invention, the processing and synthesis module transmits a wax jam signal when the first voltage change signal is low and the second voltage change signal is high. Alternatively, the processing and synthesis module transmits a motor fault signal when both the first and second voltage change signals are low. Based on this wax jam or motor fault signal, the host computer issues an early warning.

[0049] In the present invention, the control unit also includes: a stand-alone encoding module; the stand-alone encoding module is used to store the corresponding pumping unit identification code; when the processing and synthesis module needs to send a fault signal to the host computer, the processing and synthesis module obtains the pumping unit identification code information in the stand-alone encoding module, combines it with the fault signal and sends it to the host computer.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, before the processing and synthesis module sends the detected wax jam signal or motor fault signal to the upper computer, the wax jam signal or motor fault signal is neutralized and added with the local identification code obtained from the single-machine encoding module and then sent to the upper computer. After decoding, the upper computer at the work area base (resident) knows that its corresponding oil pumping unit is about to be wax jammed according to the identification code at this level, and then notifies the corresponding operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance.

[0051] In the present invention, the control unit further includes: a wireless signal transmission module; the processing and synthesis module is connected to the host computer via the wireless signal transmission module.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing and synthesis module sends the wax card signal or the motor fault signal and the local identification code to the host computer through the wireless signal transmission module.

[0053] The present invention further includes: an alarm unit; the host computer is connected to the alarm unit, and when the host computer receives the fault signal sent by the control unit, the host computer controls the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

[0054] It can be understood that the above-mentioned various method embodiments mentioned in the present invention can be combined with each other to form combined embodiments without violating the principle logic. Due to space limitations, the present invention will not elaborate on them.

[0055] Those skilled in the art will understand that in the above-mentioned method of the specific implementation method, the writing order of each step does not mean a strict execution order and does not constitute any limitation on the implementation process. The specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic.

[0056] The present invention forms a signal detection unit by setting a magnet 2, a signal detection element 3, a first mutual inductance coil or a Hall sensor, a delay circuit or a timing comparator, a second mutual inductance coil, etc. The small magnet 2 is fixed at the position of the lower dead point of the sucker rod 1 closest to the packing box 4, and the signal detection element 3 is placed on the packing box 4. The position is adjusted so that each stroke can trigger the detection element to send a voltage pulse signal. The signal is output to the delay circuit or the timing comparator through the line. The delay circuit or the timing comparator outputs a high level, and then combined with the second mutual inductance coil on the power line of the pumping unit motor to detect and organize the high level generated by the output motor operation signal, and send a normal operation signal. When the signal changes, it is combined with the motor signal to determine whether a wax jam is generated. Finally, the wax jam signal is added to the local identification code and sent to the host computer via the wireless signal transmission module. After identification, the host computer displays it for the on-duty personnel to review, and notifies the corresponding operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance.

[0057] The automatic early warning method for wax jams in oil pumping units of the present invention has a simple execution process and does not require any additional operation. It can complete the early warning of wax jams in oil pumping units using only a simple equipment structure. It can accurately identify the wax jam situation in a single well and the detection results are accurate. At the same time, it has low cost and low price and can be installed in large quantities. There is no need for manual inspections, thereby achieving the purpose of uninterrupted unmanned operation.

[0058] While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are intended to be illustrative, non-exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is selected to best explain the principles of the embodiments, their practical applications, or technological improvements in the marketplace, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic warning method for wax jam in oil pumping units, characterized in that: include: The pumping unit signal detection unit is provided on the pumping unit to detect the real-time operation signal of the pumping unit, and the motor signal detection unit is provided on the motor of the pumping unit to detect the real-time operation signal of the motor; The pumping unit signal detection unit transmits the detected real-time operation signal of the pumping unit and the motor signal detection unit transmits the detected real-time operation signal of the motor to a control unit connected thereto; After the control unit receives the real-time operation signals of the oil pump and the motor, it determines whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pump matches the real-time operation signal of the motor. If not, the control unit sends a fault signal to the host computer connected thereto to alarm.

2. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pumping unit signal detection unit comprises: a magnet (2) and a signal detection element (3); The magnet (2) is mounted on the outer side wall of the sucker rod (1) of the pumping unit, and is located close to the bottom dead center of the sucker rod (1); The signal detection element (3) is installed on the top of the packing box (4) of the pumping unit, and its position corresponds to the magnet (2); The signal detection element (3) is connected to the control unit. The signal detection element (3) detects a first voltage change signal when the magnet (2) moves within a predetermined distance of the signal detection element (3), and sends the first voltage change signal to the control unit. The first voltage change signal is a real-time operation signal of the oil pump.

3. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal detection element (3) is: a first mutual inductance coil or a Hall sensor; The first mutual inductance coil or Hall sensor is connected to a power supply through the control unit.

4. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in an oil pumping unit according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The motor signal detection unit includes: a second mutual inductance coil; The second mutual inductance coil is arranged on the power line of the pumping unit motor, and the second mutual inductance coil is connected to the control unit; The second mutual inductance coil is used to detect a second voltage change signal of the motor when the pumping unit is running, and send it to the control unit. The second voltage change signal is a real-time operation signal of the motor.

5. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control unit includes: a delay circuit or a timing comparator, a shaping filter circuit, a processing and synthesis module, and a power supply module; The signal detection element (3) is connected to the delay circuit or the timing comparator, and the delay circuit or the timing comparator is connected to the processing and synthesis module; The second mutual inductance coil is connected to the shaping filter circuit, and the shaping filter circuit is connected to the processing and synthesis module; The processing and synthesis module is connected to the power supply module.

6. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method for determining whether the real-time operation signal of the oil pumping unit matches the real-time operation signal of the motor includes: When the pumping unit is running at a normal stroke frequency, the pumping unit real-time operation signal is output as a high level after passing through a delay circuit or a timing comparator; when the pumping unit is running at an abnormal stroke frequency, the pumping unit real-time operation signal is output as a low level after passing through a delay circuit or a timing comparator; When the motor is in a powered-on state, the motor real-time operation signal is at a high level, and when the motor is in a powered-off state, the motor real-time operation signal is at a low level; The processing and synthesis module determines whether the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is a low level. If so, the real-time operation signal of the oil pump does not match the real-time operation signal of the motor. The processing and synthesis module sends a fault signal to the host computer through the signal transmission module.

7. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fault signals include: wax stuck signal and motor fault signal; If the processing and synthesis module determines that the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is low and the motor real-time operation signal is low, a motor fault signal is sent to the host computer; If the processing and synthesis module determines that the output of the delay circuit or the timing comparator is low and the motor real-time operation signal is high, a wax card signal is sent to the host computer.

8. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control unit further includes: a stand-alone encoding module; The stand-alone encoding module is used to store the corresponding pumping unit identification code; When the processing and synthesis module needs to send a fault signal to the host computer, the processing and synthesis module obtains the pumping unit identification code information in the single-unit encoding module, combines it with the fault signal and sends it to the host computer.

9. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in oil pumping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control unit further includes: a wireless signal transmission module; The processing and synthesis module is connected to the host computer through the wireless signal transmission module.

10. The automatic early warning method for wax jam in a pumping unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Also includes: Alarm unit; The host computer is connected to the alarm unit. When the host computer receives the fault signal sent by the control unit, the host computer controls the alarm unit to sound an alarm.

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