Three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a three-phase alternating current and direct current centrifugal generator which comprises a stator, a rotor, a bearing, a front end cover and a rear end cover, the rotor comprises a rotor core, centrifugal blocks and auxiliary springs, isosceles trapezoid holes are formed in the rotor core in an array mode, and the isosceles trapezoid holes penetrate through the two ends of the rotor core; the centrifugal blocks are installed on the faces, close to the stator, of the isosceles trapezoid holes, one ends of the auxiliary springs are installed on the faces, close to the outer surface of the rotor, of the isosceles trapezoid holes, the other ends of the auxiliary springs are connected with the faces, away from the stator, of the centrifugal blocks, and by arranging the centrifugal blocks, the gap between the rotor and the stator is adjusted, the magnetic flux change degree is controlled, and the voltage sudden change time is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular to a three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator. Background Art

[0002] Three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generators are devices that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy and are widely used in industries such as industry, energy, and transportation. Wind power generation, as an important symbol of the green transformation of the energy structure, has been widely used in my country. However, due to the topographical differences in these regions, the transmission of electricity from west to east faces certain challenges. Therefore, installing wind turbines according to local conditions to meet the daily electricity needs of local residents has become an effective solution.

[0003] In daily production and life, both AC and DC play an important role. Therefore, wind turbines need to be able to output both DC and AC power. Based on this demand, three-phase AC centrifugal generators driven by wind power have been widely used in the wind power generation industry. However, with the popularization of wind turbines, their problems have gradually emerged. The main problems are as follows:

[0004] Wind turbines are driven by wind, but wind speed is uncertain. The magnitude of wind speed directly affects the rotation speed of the generator rotor, which in turn determines the output voltage. This uncertainty can cause large fluctuations in the generator output voltage and damage the generator's winding coils. Therefore, wind turbines require frequent maintenance, which not only increases labor costs but also reduces the generator's working efficiency.

[0005] To address the above issues, existing technologies include static synchronous compensators, unified power flow controllers, particle swarm optimization algorithms, etc. However, when static synchronous compensators are applied, the control strategy during voltage surges is relatively complex, requiring precise control algorithms to ensure its stable operation, which is quite costly. When unified power flow controllers are used, the control logic is complex and requires coordination of multiple control links, which increases the control difficulty of the system. When particle swarm optimization algorithms are used, the algorithm is prone to fall into local optimality, resulting in unsatisfactory optimization results. The PSO algorithm has a slow convergence speed and may not be able to quickly adapt to rapid changes in wind speed.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, a three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator that solves the problem of sudden voltage changes in the generator caused by unstable wind intensity during wind power generation, as well as the impact of dust on generator heat dissipation in wind-rich environments. Furthermore, frozen lubricating oil cannot cope with sudden generator lubrication needs. By providing a centrifugal block, the gap between the rotor and the stator is adjusted, the degree of magnetic flux change is controlled, and the duration of the voltage change is prolonged. Furthermore, by connecting a first fan blade to the centrifugal block, the centrifugal block and the first fan blade are integrated, and the movement of the first fan blade centrifuges dust in the air away from the centrifugal generator. The centrifugal block is located in a space connected to the auxiliary space where the bearings are located, providing more low-temperature capacity, thereby dissipating the impact of low temperatures on the lubricating oil in the bearings.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator includes a stator, a rotor, a bearing, a front end cover and a rear end cover. The rotor is mounted on the outside of the stator, a group of bearings are sleeved on both ends of the stator, the front end cover is sleeved on the bearings and is located at one end of the stator, and the rear end cover is sleeved on the bearings and is located at the other end of the stator. The rotor includes a rotor core, a centrifugal block and an auxiliary spring. An array of isosceles trapezoidal holes is opened on the rotor core, and the isosceles trapezoidal holes pass through both ends of the rotor core. The centrifugal block is mounted on the surface of the isosceles trapezoidal hole close to the stator. One end of the auxiliary spring is mounted on the surface of the isosceles trapezoidal hole close to the outer surface of the rotor, and the other end of the auxiliary spring is connected to the surface of the centrifugal block away from the stator.

[0010] Preferably, the side of the isosceles trapezoidal hole on the rotor core with a larger bottom area is close to the stator, and the side of the isosceles trapezoidal hole with a smaller bottom area is far away from the stator.

[0011] It can be seen that when the speed of the rotor increases, a sudden change in voltage will occur. As the speed continues to increase, the centrifugal force on the centrifugal block also increases. This centrifugal force causes the centrifugal block to move radially outward in the isosceles trapezoidal hole, thereby dynamically adjusting the working gap between the rotor and the stator. The adjustment of the gap makes it more difficult for the magnetic flux lines where the centrifugal block is located to pass through, and then as the rotor speed increases, the number of magnetic flux lines passing through decreases, which slows down the speed of voltage change and effectively reduces the impact of voltage shock on the generator coil. The isosceles trapezoidal hole runs through the front and rear ends of the rotor core. This design is of great significance in specific environments. In areas with relatively dense wind energy, the air inside the wind turbine is The air is relatively thin, which makes it difficult for the heat generated by the generator to dissipate smoothly as in normal circumstances. At this time, the heat inside the generator gradually decreases from the stator to the outside. The design of isosceles trapezoidal holes, that is, wide into narrow, can promote heat flow. It is based on the principle of heat conduction from high-temperature areas to low-temperature areas that space is reserved. The through-hole position allows the heat in the middle of the stator to flow to the front and rear ends more conveniently, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation effect; the clearance fit also prepares for the subsequent connection of the space on the front cover and the rear cover, ensuring that the overall energy of the generator can always flow in an orderly manner along the generator casing, which plays an important role in maintaining the stable operation of the generator and improving its energy efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the rotor also includes a first blade and a second blade. The first blade array is arranged on the outside of the rotor core, and the first blade is connected to the surface of the centrifugal block away from the stator. The second blade array is arranged on the outside of the rotor core and is located between the first blades. The first blade and the second blade have the same initial height.

[0013] In an environment with sufficient wind energy, the distance between air molecules in the air is relatively large, and the amount of dust in the air is relatively large. The accumulation of dust outside the generator further reduces the effect of the heat generated by the generator on the air molecules in the environment. The existence of the second fan blade ensures that when the wind speed is relatively normal, the second fan blade promotes the heat of the generator to act on the air molecules in the environment, while reducing the possibility of dust adhesion in the air, and at the same time speeding up the air flow around the generator and reducing the possibility of dust staying. The first fan blade and the second fan blade are evenly distributed. Since the number of fan blades is different between the two, the number of fan blades at the location of the first fan blade is relatively large. Since the first fan blade is connected to the centrifugal block, more heat is generated near the centrifugal block, and the heat dissipation capacity at this location needs to be strengthened, and the density of the fan blades effectively promotes the frequency of squeezing air. , thereby promoting air flow, and the dust-proof effect at this location is also the best. When the power wind speed surges, the dust content in the environment also surges, and the overall heat production also surges. The extension of the first fan blade increases the heat dissipation effect at this speed. At the same time, the high content of dust in the environment accelerates the circulation, reducing the possibility of dust adhering to the generator. Moreover, since the heat generated at the location of the centrifugal block is greater than that at other locations, the blade density at the location of the centrifugal block is relatively higher than that at other places, that is, high heat generation corresponds to high heat dissipation capacity. Under the blade superposition effect, when the generator transitions from high speed to low speed and from low speed to high speed, the various loads on the bearings can be converted into the force required for heat dissipation and dust prevention through the rotation of the fan blades, thereby extending the service life of the bearings and the parts connected to the bearings.

[0014] By connecting the first fan blade with the centrifugal block, the movement state of the centrifugal block and the movement state of the first fan blade are integrated. As the speed increases, the gap between the stator and the rotor increases due to the centrifugal force of the centrifugal block. At this time, the coil between the two will generate more heat. At the same time, the heat dissipation capacity of the first fan blade is enhanced as the centrifugal block continues to move outward. In addition, the integrated design of the first fan blade and the centrifugal block increases the centrifugal force. When the speed increases, the centrifugal action becomes particularly sensitive. When the speed change is not obvious, the normal rotation of the rotor can drive the first fan blade, thereby driving away dust and increasing the possibility of the heat generated by the generator acting on the air molecules in the air. However, when the speed increases, the heat generated by the generator The amount of heat generated by the rotor increases accordingly, and the existing heat dissipation capacity is often insufficient. Adjusting the magnetic flux also generates a certain amount of heat. In this case, the centrifugal force increases the length of the first blade, further enhancing the heat dissipation effect. However, the increased speed also increases the frequency of mechanical vibration, thereby reducing the generator's service life. The extension of the blades has a positive effect on dust removal and heat dissipation. Furthermore, as the blades extend and rotate, the wind is evenly dispersed, ultimately resulting in a uniform distribution of power around the generator, which helps reduce the generator's axial load and thus extends its overall service life. Because the first blades are relatively few in number and the second blades are more numerous, the centrifugal force is not as significant at low rotor speeds. If the heights of the different blades vary, the direction and speed of air flow will become stratified, which can easily cause dust to linger and disrupt heat flow, thus hindering overall heat dissipation and dust prevention. Designing the initial blade height to be the same ensures that the air is squeezed without stratification, maintaining a consistent air rotation direction and facilitating the flow of heat and dust.

[0015] Preferably, the first blade is thicker than the second blade.

[0016] Because the first blades are relatively few in number, while the second blades are more numerous, the centrifugal force is not significant when the rotor speed is low. If the heights of the different blades differ, the direction and speed of the air flow will become stratified, which can easily cause dust to stagnate and disrupt the flow of heat, thus hindering the overall heat dissipation and dust prevention. Designing the initial blade heights to be the same ensures that the squeezing effect on the air does not stratify, maintaining a consistent air rotation direction and facilitating the flow of heat and dust. Furthermore, the first blades are relatively thick. When the speed reaches a certain value, the effect of centrifugal force becomes significant. Thick blades ensure that the airflow generated by the extended first blades is faster than that generated by the second blades. Mass is a measure of inertia. Blades with sufficient mass impact the airflow more violently, which causes the wind speed to gradually increase from the inside to the outside of the generator, resulting in a stepped distribution of heat flow. The majority of the heat in the air always flows to the outer layer, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. Slightly heavier dust particles are also moved away from the rotor due to centrifugal force.

[0017] Preferably, the isosceles trapezoidal hole passes through the rotor core and is provided with transition pipes at both ends, and the transition pipes are respectively connected to the front cover and the rear cover.

[0018] It can be seen that in the design of the transition tube, the number of transition tubes is the same as the number of isosceles trapezoidal holes, which enables the generator to effectively build a bridge for heat flow when working. Specifically, by extending the isosceles trapezoidal holes, heat can be effectively diffused. At the same time, the transition tube also connects the front cover and the rear cover, and connects the space where the front cover is located and the space of the rear cover in series through the isosceles trapezoidal holes and the transition tube, thereby forming a balanced temperature environment inside the generator. In addition, the position design of the transition tube also helps to align the rotor and stator during installation, reducing the fault tolerance rate during the installation process.

[0019] Preferably, the front cover includes a front cover body, a front cover limiting hole and a front cover heat dissipation hole, the front cover limiting hole array is arranged on the front cover body, the front cover heat dissipation hole is arranged inside the front cover body, and the front cover heat dissipation hole is connected to the front cover limiting hole.

[0020] It can be seen that the coordination between the front cover stop holes and the transition duct plays a crucial role in wind turbine design. Their one-to-one correspondence ensures excellent coaxiality between the rotor and stator. Compared to generators without front cover stop holes, this design effectively reduces the pressure on the bearings from a single point of force by increasing the number of points of force, thereby significantly extending the equipment's service life. Furthermore, the coordination between the front cover stop holes and the transition duct reduces the system's degrees of freedom, reducing the likelihood of bore scuffing accidents and further improving the generator's operational stability. The design of the front cover heat dissipation holes is also crucial for heat dissipation and dust prevention. In wind power generation, the uncertainty of wind energy and the cyclical fluctuations in low temperatures significantly impact bearing lubrication. In generators without front cover heat dissipation holes, low temperatures directly affect the lubricant in the bearings, affecting their lubrication performance. When wind energy suddenly enters, poor lubrication can lead to the formation of abnormal impurities in the lubricant, ultimately causing bearing fatigue and shortening its service life. The front cover's heat dissipation holes are located close to the bearings, providing more space to accommodate low temperatures and reducing the adverse effects of low temperatures on the lubricant, thereby reducing bearing fatigue. When the generator continues to operate, the temperature at the bearings can rise sharply, adversely affecting bearing performance. The front cover's heat dissipation holes not only provide more heating space and a heat flow path, but also, through the isosceles trapezoidal holes that connect to the front cover's limit holes, ensure that the temperature at the bearings does not exceed or exceed, always maintaining a relatively suitable range with the generator casing temperature, thereby ensuring that the bearings operate at an appropriate temperature.

[0021] Preferably, the front end cover further includes a front end fan, and the front end fan is arranged on a side of the front cover body away from the rotor.

[0022] It can be seen that during the operation of a wind turbine, the lubrication effect of the generator bearing is crucial to the stable operation of the equipment. However, when dust enters the lubrication system of the bearing, it will have a serious impact on the overall lubrication effect, resulting in a significant decrease in lubrication performance. In order to solve this problem, a front fan is set around the front cover. When the generator is affected by wind, dust in the surrounding environment is easy to flow into the generator. Although the longitudinal dust prevention measures for the rotor have been mentioned above, the protection of the front and rear ends and the bearings cannot be ignored. The front fan, the first fan blade and the second fan blade work together to effectively keep dust away from the generator, thereby achieving the dual purpose of heat dissipation and preventing dust from approaching. The front fan is set on the front cover. This design not only reduces the material density of the bearing, but also increases the heat dissipation area. For the high temperature generated when the rotor rotates at high speed, the front fan can provide good heat dissipation effect. In addition, the design of the front fan also meets the requirements of lightweight generators, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the equipment and improve the operating efficiency and reliability of the generator.

[0023] Preferably, the rear end cover includes a rear cover body, a rear cover limiting hole, a rear cover heat dissipation hole and a rear end fan, the rear cover limiting hole array is arranged on one side of the rear cover body, the rear cover heat dissipation hole is arranged inside the rear cover body, and the rear end fan is arranged on the other side of the rear cover body, and the rear end cover and the front end cover are mirror images of each other.

[0024] It can be seen that wind turbines are often used at high altitudes, which increases the operational difficulty of generator maintenance and repair; the front and rear end covers adopt similar structures and are highly interchangeable, which means that the front cover and the rear end cover can be used interchangeably during maintenance and repair, thereby greatly reducing maintenance costs; at the same time, since the structural differences between the front cover and the rear end cover are not obvious, when installing the generator at high altitude, it is only necessary to observe the overlap of the front and rear end covers horizontally to complete the center alignment work, thereby greatly reducing the installation time and effectively reducing the installation cost.

[0025] Preferably, the width of the front fan blade located on the front cover body is wider than that of the rear fan on the rear cover body.

[0026] It can be seen that when the generator is operating, the bearings at the front cover are directly subjected to frequently changing loads. At the same time, the location of the power source in the front cover reduces air circulation, hindering heat flow, slowing heat dissipation, and increasing the likelihood of dust accumulation. The rear cover is relatively open, so different air forces are required to ensure equal air flow in the front and rear covers. The fans on the front and rear covers work together with the first and second blades on the rotor to provide a balanced air flow environment for the generator, reducing turbulence and promoting the flow of dust and heat.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. By setting up centrifugal blocks, the uncertain voltage brought by wind power generation can be stabilized, reducing the voltage and current impact of sudden voltage on the electronic components of the generator; under the action of different centrifugal forces, the centrifugal blocks can change the gap between the rotor and the stator by adjusting the displacement in the direction of the centrifugal force, thereby increasing the difficulty of magnetic flux change, extending the time of voltage and current sudden changes, and achieving the purpose of protecting the circuit; at the same time, when the isosceles trapezoidal shape of the centrifugal blocks moves in the direction of the centrifugal force, it squeezes the internal hot gas, promotes flow, and achieves faster heat diffusion, while also providing a power source for energy flow in the internal space connecting the front cover and the rear cover.

[0029] 2. The design of the second and first blades can speed up the circulation of dust outside the rotor, thereby reducing the possibility of dust adhering to the surface of the generator. At the same time, during wind power generation, the irregularly changing load borne by the generator will be dispersed to the bearings. The fanning of the first and second blades will impact part of the load into the air, which not only moves the dust in the air away from the generator through centrifugal force, but also uses the energy of the centrifugal dust to reduce damage to the generator bearings, thereby realizing the transformation of harmful work into beneficial work.

[0030] 3. By setting up a transition pipe, the space where the generator casing is located is connected into a whole, which indirectly increases the space where low temperature can freeze the lubricating oil at the bearings. When there is no wind power generation, the freezing effect of low temperature on the bearings is weakened; when wind power generation is in progress, the lubricating oil at the bearings can just perform the lubrication task; the transition pipe array is set on the rotor and cooperates with the front cover and the rear cover. The cooperation of the transition pipe reduces the difficulty of calibration and centering during generator installation, and reduces the installation cost; at the same time, the rear cover and the front cover are both cooperated with the transition pipe, thereby increasing the load application area during rotation, reducing the load borne by the original bearings and extending the overall service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a half-section view of the rotor of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of point A;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention without end caps;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the present invention without the end cap;

[0037] Figure 6 is a half-section schematic diagram of the front end cover of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front end cover of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8is a first schematic diagram of the front end cover and the rear end cover of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a second schematic diagram of the front end cover and the rear end cover of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. stator; 2. rotor; 21. rotor core; 22. centrifugal block; 23. auxiliary spring; 24. first fan blade; 25. second fan blade; 3. bearing; 4. front end cover; 41. front cover body; 42. front cover limiting hole; 43. front cover heat dissipation hole; 44. front end fan; 5. rear end cover; 51. rear cover body; 52. rear cover limiting hole; 53. rear cover heat dissipation hole; 54. rear end fan; 6. isosceles trapezoidal hole; 7. transition pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0044] For details, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 A three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator includes a stator 1, a rotor 2, a bearing 3, a front end cover 4 and a rear end cover 5. The rotor 2 is mounted on the outside of the stator 1, a group of bearings 3 are sleeved on both ends of the stator 1, the front end cover 4 is sleeved on the bearing 3 and is located at one end of the stator 1, the rear end cover 5 is sleeved on the bearing 3 and is located at the other end of the stator 1, the rotor 2 includes a rotor core 21, a centrifugal block 22, and an auxiliary spring 23. An array of isosceles trapezoidal holes 6 is opened on the rotor core 21, and the isosceles trapezoidal holes 6 pass through both ends of the rotor core 21. The centrifugal block 22 is mounted on the surface of the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 close to the stator 1. One end of the auxiliary spring 23 is mounted on the surface of the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 close to the outer surface of the rotor 2, and the other end of the auxiliary spring 23 is connected to the surface of the centrifugal block 22 away from the stator 1.

[0045] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4The side of the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 with a relatively large bottom area on the rotor core 21 is close to the stator 1, and the side of the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 with a relatively small bottom area is away from the stator 1; when the speed of the rotor 2 increases, a voltage mutation will be caused. As the speed continues to increase, the centrifugal force exerted on the centrifugal block 22 also increases. This centrifugal force prompts the centrifugal block 22 to move outward in the radial direction in the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6, thereby dynamically adjusting the effective gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 1. The adjustment of the gap increases the difficulty of the magnetic flux lines passing through the centrifugal block 22, and then as the speed of the rotor 2 increases, the number of magnetic flux lines passing through decreases, which slows down the speed of voltage change and effectively reduces the impact of voltage shock on the generator coil. The isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 runs through the front and rear ends of the rotor core 21. This design is of great significance in specific environments. In areas with relatively dense wind energy, the air inside the wind turbine is relatively thin, which makes it difficult for the heat generated by the generator to dissipate as smoothly as under normal circumstances. The heat dissipation effect is significantly improved. The clearance fit also prepares the space for subsequent connection between the front cover 4 and the rear cover 5, ensuring that the energy of the entire generator can always flow in an orderly manner along the generator casing, which plays an important role in maintaining the stable operation of the generator and improving its energy efficiency. The rotor 2 also includes a first blade 24 and a second blade 25. The first blade 24 is arranged in an array on the outside of the rotor core 21, and the first blade 24 is connected to the surface of the centrifugal block 22 away from the stator 1. The second blade 25 is arranged in an array on the outside of the rotor core 21 and is located between the first blade 24. The first blade 24 and the second blade 25 have the same initial height.In an environment with sufficient wind energy, the distance between air molecules in the air is relatively large, and the amount of dust in the air is relatively large. The accumulation of dust outside the generator further reduces the effect of the heat generated by the generator on the air molecules in the environment. The existence of the second fan blade 25 ensures that when the wind speed is relatively normal, the second fan blade 25 promotes the heat of the generator to act on the air molecules in the environment, while reducing the possibility of dust adhesion in the air, and at the same time speeding up the air flow around the generator and reducing the possibility of dust staying. The first fan blade 24 and the second fan blade 25 are evenly distributed. Since the number of fan blades of the two is different, the number of fan blades at the position of the first fan blade 24 is relatively large. Since the first fan blade 24 is connected to the centrifugal block 22, more heat is generated near the centrifugal block 22, and the heat dissipation capacity at this location needs to be strengthened, and the density of the fan blades effectively promotes the squeezing of air. frequency, thereby promoting air flow, and the dust-proof effect at this location is also the best. When the power wind speed surges, the dust content in the environment also surges, and the overall heat production also surges. The extension of the first blade 24 at this speed increases the heat dissipation effect. At the same time, the high content of dust in the environment accelerates the circulation, reducing the possibility of dust adhering to the generator. Moreover, since the heat generated at the position of the centrifugal block 22 is greater than that at other positions, the blade density at the position of the centrifugal block 22 is higher than that at other places, that is, high heat generation corresponds to high heat dissipation capacity. Under the blade superposition effect, when the generator transitions from high speed to low speed and from low speed to high speed, the various loads on the bearing 3 can be converted into the force required for heat dissipation and dust prevention through the rotation of the fan blades, thereby extending the service life of the bearing 3 and the parts connected to the bearing 3.By connecting the first blade 24 to the centrifugal block 22, the motion state of the centrifugal block 22 is integrated with the motion state of the first blade 24. As the speed increases, the centrifugal block 22 causes the gap between the stator 1 and the rotor 2 to increase due to the centrifugal force. At this time, the coil between the two will generate more heat. At the same time, as the centrifugal block 22 continues to move outward, the heat dissipation capacity of the first blade 24 is enhanced. In addition, the integrated design of the first blade 24 and the centrifugal block 22 increases the centrifugal force. When the speed increases, the centrifugal effect becomes particularly sensitive. When the speed change is not obvious, the normal rotation of the rotor 2 can drive the first blade 24 to drive away dust and increase the possibility of the heat generated by the generator acting on the air molecules in the air. However, when the speed increases , the heat generated by the generator will also increase accordingly, and the original heat dissipation capacity is often unable to meet the demand. At the same time, adjusting the magnetic flux will also generate a certain amount of heat. At this time, the effect of centrifugal force causes the length of the first blade 24 to increase, further enhancing the heat dissipation effect. But on the other hand, the increase in speed also increases the frequency of mechanical vibration, thereby reducing the service life of the generator. The extension of the blade has a positive effect on dust removal and heat dissipation. Moreover, when the blade is extended and rotated, the wind can be evenly diffused, and ultimately the power around the generator is evenly distributed, which helps to reduce the axial load of the generator, thereby extending the overall service life of the generator. Since the number of first blades 24 is relatively small, and the number of second blades 25 is large, when the speed of the rotor 2 is low, the effect of centrifugal force is not obvious. If there are differences in the height of different blades, the direction and speed of air flow will be stratified, which will easily cause dust to stay and the flow of heat to be chaotic, which is not conducive to the overall heat dissipation and dust prevention effect. Designing the initial blade height to be the same can ensure that the squeezing effect on the air is not stratified, so that the rotation direction of the air remains consistent, which is conducive to the flow of heat and dust.The thickness of the first blade 24 is thicker than that of the second blade 25. Since the number of the first blade 24 is relatively small and the number of the second blade 25 is large, when the rotation speed of the rotor 2 is low, the effect of the centrifugal force is not obvious. If there are differences in the heights of different blades, the direction and speed of the air flow will be stratified, which will easily cause dust to stay and the heat flow to be chaotic, which is not conducive to the overall heat dissipation and dust prevention effect. Designing the initial blade height to be the same can ensure that the squeezing effect on the air is not stratified, so that the rotation direction of the air remains consistent, which is conducive to the flow of heat and dust. In addition, the first blade 24 is relatively thick. When the rotation speed reaches a certain value, the effect of the centrifugal force becomes obvious. The thick blade can ensure that the air flow speed generated by the extended first blade is faster than the air flow speed generated by the second blade. Mass is a measure of inertia. Blades with a large enough mass will impact the air flow more violently, which prompts the wind speed of the generator from the inside to the outside to gradually increase, so that the heat flow presents a step-like distribution. A large amount of heat in the air always flows in the outer layer, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. Dust with slightly heavier weight is also moved away from the rotor 2 due to the centrifugal force.

[0046] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 passes through the rotor core 21, and transition pipes 7 are provided at both ends, which respectively connect the front cover 4 and the rear cover 5; in the design of the transition pipe 7, the number of the transition pipes 7 is the same as the number of the isosceles trapezoidal holes 6, which enables the generator to effectively build a bridge for heat flow when working. Specifically, by extending the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6, the heat can be effectively diffused. At the same time, the transition pipe 7 also connects the front cover 4 and the rear cover 5, and connects the space where the front cover 4 is located and the space of the rear cover 5 in series through the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 and the transition pipe 7, thereby forming a balanced temperature environment inside the generator. In addition, the position design of the transition pipe 7 also helps to align the rotor 2 and the stator 1 when installing, reducing the fault tolerance rate during the installation process.

[0047] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7The front cover 4 includes a front cover body 41, front cover limiting holes 42, and front cover heat dissipation holes 43. The front cover limiting holes 42 are arranged in an array on the front cover body 41, and the front cover heat dissipation holes 43 are arranged inside the front cover body 41. The front cover heat dissipation holes 43 are connected to the front cover limiting holes 42. In the design of a wind turbine, the coordination between the front cover limiting holes 42 and the transition duct 7 plays a crucial role. The two correspond one-to-one, and together they provide good coaxiality between the rotor 2 and the stator 1. Compared with a generator without the front cover limiting holes 42, this design effectively reduces the pressure on the bearing 3 from a single point of force by increasing the number of points of force, thereby significantly extending the service life of the equipment. In addition, the coordination between the front cover limiting holes 42 and the transition duct 7 also reduces the system's degrees of freedom, reduces the probability of barrel sweeping accidents, and further improves the operating stability of the generator. The design of the front cover heat dissipation holes 43 is also crucial in terms of heat dissipation and dust prevention. In wind power generation, the uncertainty of wind energy and the periodic changes in low temperatures have a significant impact on the lubrication of the bearing 3. In a generator without a front cover heat dissipation hole 43, low temperature will directly act on the lubricating oil on the bearing 3, affecting its lubrication performance. When wind energy suddenly intervenes, poor lubrication will cause abnormal impurities in the lubricating oil, eventually causing fatigue of the bearing 3 and reducing its service life. The front cover heat dissipation hole 43 is opened close to the bearing 3, providing more space to accommodate low temperature, weakening the adverse effect of low temperature on the lubricating oil, thereby reducing the fatigue of the bearing 3. When the generator continues to work, the temperature at the bearing 3 will rise sharply, which will have an adverse effect on the performance of the bearing 3. The front cover heat dissipation hole 43 not only provides more heating space and heat flow path, but also ensures that the temperature at the bearing 3 will not be too high or too low by connecting the isosceles trapezoidal hole 6 with the front cover limit hole 42, and always maintains a relatively appropriate range with the temperature of the generator casing, thereby ensuring that the bearing 3 operates at an appropriate temperature.

[0048] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8The front end cover 4 also includes a front end fan 44, which is arranged on the side of the front cover body 41 away from the rotor 2. During the operation of the wind turbine generator set, the lubrication effect of the generator bearing 3 is crucial to the stable operation of the equipment. However, when dust enters the lubrication system of the bearing 3, it will have a serious impact on the overall lubrication effect, resulting in a significant decrease in lubrication performance. In order to solve this problem, a front end fan 44 is set around the front end cover 4. When the generator is affected by wind, dust in the surrounding environment is easy to flow into the generator. Although the longitudinal dust prevention measures for the rotor 2 have been mentioned above, the front and rear two The protection of the end and the bearing 3 cannot be ignored. The front fan 44, the first fan blade 24 and the second fan blade 25 work together to effectively keep dust away from the generator, thereby achieving the dual purpose of heat dissipation and preventing dust from approaching. The front fan 44 is arranged on the front cover 4. This design not only reduces the material density at the bearing 3, but also increases the heat dissipation area. For the high temperature generated when the rotor 2 rotates at high speed, the front fan 44 can provide good heat dissipation effect. In addition, the design of the front fan 44 also meets the requirements of lightweight generators, which helps to reduce the overall weight of the equipment and improve the operating efficiency and reliability of the generator.

[0049] As an embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9The rear end cover 5 includes a rear cover body 51, a rear cover limiting hole 52, a rear cover heat dissipation hole 53 and a rear end fan 54. The rear cover limiting hole 52 is arranged in an array on one side of the rear cover body 51, the rear cover heat dissipation hole 53 is arranged inside the rear cover body 51, and the rear end fan 54 is arranged on the other side of the rear cover body 51. The rear end cover 5 and the front end cover 4 are designed to be mirror images of each other. Wind turbines are often used at high altitudes, which increases the difficulty of maintenance and repair of the generator; the front and rear end covers 5 adopt a similar structure and are highly interchangeable, which means that the front end cover 4 and the rear end cover 5 can be used interchangeably during maintenance and repair, thereby greatly reducing maintenance costs; at the same time, since the front end cover 4 and the rear end cover 5 have no obvious structural differences, so when installing the generator at high altitude, it is only necessary to observe the overlap of the front and rear end covers 5 in the horizontal direction to complete the center alignment work, thereby greatly reducing the installation time and effectively reducing the installation cost. The front end fan 44 blade width on the front cover body 41 is wider than the rear end fan 54 on the rear cover body 51; when the generator is working, the bearing 3 at the front end cover 4 directly bears the frequently changing load. At the same time, due to the design of the power source position of the front end cover 4, the air circulation at the front end cover 4 is reduced, which is not conducive to the flow of heat, thereby slowing down the dissipation of heat and increasing the possibility of dust accumulation. The rear end cover 5 is relatively open, so different air forces need to be provided to make the air flow of the front end cover 4 and the rear end cover 5 equal. The fans on the front end cover 4 and the rear end cover 5 work together with the first blade 24 and the second blade 25 on the rotor 2 to provide a balanced air flow environment for the generator, reduce the occurrence of turbulence, and promote the flow of dust and heat.

[0050] Working principle: The rotor 2 is driven by wind to rotate, forming a rotating magnetic field. The coil on the stator 1 cuts the magnetic field generated by the rotor 2. Since the speed of the rotor 2 jumps irregularly, the voltage generated by the coil on the stator 1 changes rapidly and impacts the coil and electrical appliances, reducing the service life of the generator. By arranging a centrifugal block 22 on the rotor 2, different speeds are converted into different centrifugal forces to control the centrifugal block 22 to move away from and close to the center of the circle to realize the active regulation of the gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 1. The larger the gap, the more difficult the magnetic induction change is, that is, the time required for the same magnetic induction change becomes longer, thereby achieving the slowdown of the voltage change, thereby reducing the voltage and current mutation impact on the coil and electrical appliances. At the same time, the centrifugal block 22 is linked with the first fan blade 24 to achieve the purpose of centrifugal dust in the air. The transition pipe 7 connects the front cover 4, the rear cover 5, and the rotor 2 to achieve that the temperature is always balanced regardless of high or low temperature, reducing the negative impact of temperature on the overall.

[0051] Specifically, when the external wind energy changes irregularly and acts on the rotor 2, the rotor 2 generates different rotational speeds, and the speed of the cutting coil on the corresponding stator 1 is also changing all the time. Under the action of centrifugal force, a centrifugal block 22 is provided to connect with the auxiliary spring 23 so that the centrifugal block 22 always has a starting point and an end point of movement. There is always an interval of gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 1, and there is also a time limit for extending the voltage change. The first fan blade 24 is connected to the centrifugal block 22, and the movement of the centrifugal block 22 controls the movement of the first fan blade 24. At the same time, the second fan blade 25 cooperates with the first fan blade 24. At normal speed, fanning realizes heat dissipation and centrifugal dust removal. When the speed is large enough, the first fan blade 24 is connected to the centrifugal block 22. One blade 24 is extended and cooperates with the second blade 25 to form a wind layer from the inside to the outside, which makes the dust centrifugal and the heat diffused better. At the same time, the heat dissipation holes 43 and the rear cover heat dissipation holes 53 near the bearing 3 spread the heat on the outer casing of the generator through the joint action of the transition pipe 7 and the centrifugal block 22, and the heat is better diffused. The front fan 44 and the rear fan 54 on the front cover 4 and the rear cover 5 blow to prevent dust from contaminating the bearing 3. When the wind energy decreases, the transition pipe 7 connects the front cover 4 and the rear cover 5 and the rotor 2 into a space. When the low temperature acts on the lubricating oil on the bearing 3, more space shares the effect of the low temperature, thereby weakening the effect of the low temperature on the lubricating oil.

[0052] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator, comprising a stator (1), a rotor (2), a bearing (3), a front cover (4) and a rear cover (5), characterized in that: The rotor (2) is mounted on the outside of the stator (1), a group of the bearings (3) are sleeved on both ends of the stator (1), the front end cover (4) is sleeved on the bearings (3) and is located at one end of the stator (1), and the rear end cover (5) is sleeved on the bearings (3) and is located at the other end of the stator (1). The rotor (2) comprises a rotor core (21), a centrifugal block (22), and an auxiliary spring (23). An array of isosceles trapezoidal holes (6) is provided on the rotor core (21), and the isosceles trapezoidal holes (6) pass through both ends of the rotor core (21). The centrifugal block (22) is mounted on the surface of the isosceles trapezoidal hole (6) close to the stator (1), one end of the auxiliary spring (23) is mounted on the surface of the isosceles trapezoidal hole (6) close to the outer surface of the rotor (2), and the other end of the auxiliary spring (23) is connected to the surface of the centrifugal block (22) away from the stator (1).

2. A three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the isosceles trapezoidal hole (6) on the rotor core (21) with a relatively large bottom area is close to the stator (1), and the side of the isosceles trapezoidal hole (6) with a relatively small bottom area is far away from the stator (1).

3. A three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor (2) further comprises first blades (24) and second blades (25), wherein the first blades (24) are arranged in an array outside the rotor core (21), and the first blades (24) are connected to the surface of the centrifugal block (22) away from the stator (1), and the second blades (25) are arranged in an array outside the rotor core (21) and located between the first blades (24), and the first blades (24) and the second blades (25) have the same initial height.

4. A three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first fan blade (24) is thicker than that of the second fan blade (25).

5. The three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The isosceles trapezoidal hole (6) passes through the rotor core (21), and transition pipes (7) are provided at both ends. The transition pipes (7) are respectively connected to the front cover (4) and the rear cover (5).

6. The three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end cover (4) comprises a front cover body (41), a front cover limiting hole (42) and a front cover heat dissipation hole (43); the front cover limiting hole (42) is arranged in an array on the front cover body (41); the front cover heat dissipation hole (43) is arranged inside the front cover body (41); and the front cover heat dissipation hole (43) is communicated with the front cover limiting hole (42).

7. The three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front end cover (4) further comprises a front end fan (44), and the front end fan (44) is arranged on a side of the front cover body (41) away from the rotor (2).

8. The three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear end cover (5) comprises a rear cover body (51), a rear cover limiting hole (52), a rear cover heat dissipation hole (53) and a rear end fan (54); the rear cover limiting hole (52) is arranged in an array on one side of the rear cover body (51); the rear cover heat dissipation hole (53) is arranged inside the rear cover body (51); and the rear end fan (54) is arranged on the other side of the rear cover body (51); the rear end cover (5) and the front end cover (4) are designed to be mirror images of each other.

9. The three-phase AC / DC centrifugal generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front end fan (44) located on the front cover (41) has a blade width wider than the rear end fan (54) located on the rear cover (51).

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